Unite9Grammar現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成

have/has+been+現(xiàn)在分詞2.用法（1）表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且還將持續(xù)下去TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperfortwothousandyears.中國(guó)有2000年的造紙歷史。（動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去）IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincethreeyearsago.自從三年前以來(lái)我一直在學(xué)英語(yǔ)。（動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去）IstudyforEngilshsince10yearsago.（2）表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開始到現(xiàn)在這一段時(shí)間內(nèi)動(dòng)作一再重復(fù)發(fā)生。ShehasbeenphoningJimeverynightforthepasttwoweeks.兩星期以來(lái)，她每天晚上都給吉姆打電話。Youhavebeentellingmenottobelatealltheway.一路上你反復(fù)告訴我不要遲到。（3）表示動(dòng)作剛剛結(jié)束，該動(dòng)作一般不再繼續(xù)，有時(shí)會(huì)指出結(jié)果。Ihavebeenplayingping-pongallthemorning,soI’msweating.整個(gè)上午我一直在打乒乓球，所以我渾身是汗。I’vebeenpaintingthedoor,somyhandsareverydirty.我一直在給門刷油漆，所以我的手很臟。（4）表示某種感情色彩。Youhavebeendaydreamingbutnevermakeaneffort.你一直在做百日夢(mèng)，但從不努力。Youhavebeendeceivingme.你一直在騙我?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成

have/has+過(guò)去分詞2.用法

（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是某個(gè)剛剛完成的動(dòng)作，或某個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。

Hethoughtitover.我已經(jīng)考慮過(guò)這件事了。（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般不表示反復(fù)性。Haveyoumethimrecently?你最近見過(guò)他嗎？（3）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般表示平鋪直敘。Ihavewaitedforyoufortwohours.我已經(jīng)等了你兩個(gè)小時(shí)。Payattention注意1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句中常見的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)A.表示從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,不能是具體過(guò)去時(shí)間

B.just,already,yet,before/ever,never有此類副詞時(shí),常強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成,不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù).(1).for+表示一段時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)(2).since+表示過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞語(yǔ)(3).since+表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句eg.Haveyou_____beentoJapan?Ihave_____finishedmyhomework.everalreadyIhavefinishedmyhomework______.Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomework____.eg.Ihavebeenateacher______ayear.Hehasbeenatthisschool_______1992.Wehavelearned1,000Englishwords_______wecametothisschool.yetforalongtimeforsincesince.2表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,常與一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),如:already,yet,ever,never,just,before,once,twice等連用，也可以和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如thesedays,today,thisyear,sofar等連用。3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還往往可以同包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如uptothesefewdays/weeks/months/years,just,uptopresent(now),sofar等:

Peterhaswrittensixpaperssofar.

Uptothepresenteverythinghasbeensuccessful.

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的"未完成用法"指的是動(dòng)作開始于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或可能還要繼續(xù)下去。這里的動(dòng)詞要用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常與for（+時(shí)間段）,since（+時(shí)間點(diǎn)）連用.Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.Maryhasbeenillsincethreedaysago.

2.區(qū)分短暫性動(dòng)詞與持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞.表示短暫性(瞬間性)的動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句中不能和一段時(shí)間連用.即for,since短語(yǔ)或howlong問(wèn)句Ihaveboughtthispenfortwomonths.Theplayhasbegunforanhour.Tomhasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.Thedoghasdiedforamonth.Ie/arrivegooutleavebeginbuyborrowjoindiecatchacoldbebeoutbeaway(from)beonhavekeepbeamemberofbedeadhaveacold現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成：have/has+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成：have/has+現(xiàn)在分詞（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)剛剛完成的動(dòng)作，或某個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般不表示反復(fù)性現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示動(dòng)作的反復(fù)（3）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般表示平鋪直敘現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)含有感情色彩(一)當(dāng)句中有never,ever,just,already,yet,before等時(shí)，常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。1.-Mum,mayIgooutandplaybasketball?-______you______yourhomeworkyet?A.Do;finish

B.Are;finishing

C.Did;finish

D.Have;finished2.-______you______anywherebefore?-Yes,butIcan'trememberwhereI______A.Did;surf;surfed

B.Have;surfed;surfedC.Did;surf;havesurfed

D.Have;surfed;havesurfed當(dāng)句中有"for+段時(shí)間"或"since+點(diǎn)時(shí)間"等時(shí)，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞

1.HisbrotherhasbeentoStoneForesttwice______hecametoYunnan.A.after

B.before

C.since

D.for2.Tom______theCDplayerfortwoweeks.A.haslent

B.hasborrowed

C.hasbought

D.hashad3.I______aletterfromhimsinceheleft.A.didn'treceive

B.haven'tgot

C.didn'thave

D.haven'theard考查have/hasbeen(to,in)/have/hasgone(to)的區(qū)別

1.-Haveyouever______LintongtoseetheTerraCottaWarriors?-Yes,Ihave.A.wentto

B.goneto

C.beenin

D.beento2.Myparents______Shangdongfortenyears.A.havebeenin

B.havebeento

C.havegoneto

D.havebeen3.Iwon'tgototheconcertbecauseI____myticket.A.lost

B.don'tlose

C.havelost

D.iscoming1.—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.

—Ithinkso.He_____foritformonths.(2008江蘇)A.ispreparing

B.waspreparingC.hadbeenpreparing

D.hasbeenpreparing2.Bythetimeherealizeshe_________intoatrap,it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.(2008山東)

A.walks

B.walked

C.haswalked

D.hadwalked3.Sofarthisyearwe___afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.(2008福建)

A.saw

B.see

C.hadseen

D.haveseen4.CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchool,whereshe____Englishforayear.(2007湖南)

A.studies

B.studied

C.isstudying

D.hasbeenstudying5.Danny_________hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.(2007福建)works

B.isworking

C.hasworked

D.hadworked6.—Ihavegotaheadache.

—Nowonder.You_______infrontofthatcomputertoolong.(2007江西)

A.work

B.areworking

C.havebeenworking

D.worked7.Nowthatsheisoutofjob,Lucy___goingbacktoschool，butshehasn’tdecidedyet.(北京)hadconsi