高中英語語法名詞性從句

高中英語語法名詞性從句在句子中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。名詞性從句2.賓語從句3.表語從句4.同位語從句1.主語從句(1)連接詞whether\ifthat(2)連接代詞Who/whoeverWhom/whomeverwhoseWhat/whateverWhich/whichever(3)連接副詞whenwhywherehow名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞：Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.

{

{名詞性從句在功能上相當(dāng)于名詞主語表語3.主語從句：（subjectclause)在一個(gè)完整的句子里,主語部分還含有主謂兩大部分結(jié)構(gòu)的句子叫主語從句。引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞不能省略。例:誰去這不重要。Whowillgoisnotimportant.主語例:我們需要的是更多的時(shí)間。Whatweneedismoretime.主語例:他住在哪里我們都不知道。Wherehelivesisunknowntous.主語例:不太清楚她為什么遲到。Whyshewaslateisunclear.主語例:這本書怎么銷售取決于它的作者。Howthebookwillbesolddependsonitswriter.1Thathewillsucceediscertain.2Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3Whathesaidisnottrue.4Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5Whoevercomesiswelcome.6Howwecanhelpthetwins

willbediscussedatthemeeting.7

Whenthey’llstarttheproject

hasnotbeendecidedyet.SubjectClause主語從句Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.

{Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowthatheisateacher.

{賓語賓語4.賓語從句：(objectclause)用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。一般放在及物動(dòng)詞，介詞后。例:我希望一切都好。Ihope(that)everythingwillbeallright.動(dòng)賓例:你知道他在哪里嗎？Doyouknowwhereheis?動(dòng)賓例:對(duì)于他說的話，我感到很驚訝。Iwassurprisedatwhathesaid.介賓例:我認(rèn)為他們知道怎樣做這個(gè)練習(xí)。Ithoughtthattheyknewhowtodothisexercise.動(dòng)賓*賓語從句從句中,連詞that只起連接作用,沒有實(shí)際作用,可以省略,而其他的關(guān)連詞卻不能省略。賓語從句在句中充當(dāng)賓語成分（可以作謂語動(dòng)詞、介詞、）Theyknowthat

thehabitwillkillthem.Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin.Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob.Ifinditnecessarythat

weshoulddothehomework.Tellthefunctionofthefollowingclauses在主+謂+it(形式賓語)+賓補(bǔ)+that從句(真正賓語)的句型中不省略Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.

由連詞and連接的兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中,第二個(gè)that不省略.Hetoldme（that）hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime.2.that在賓語從句中的省略與保留5.表語從句：表語從句:在句中充當(dāng)表語成分，一般放在連系動(dòng)詞之后.對(duì)主語進(jìn)行解釋說明。例:問題是誰能去那里。Thequestionwaswhocouldgothere.表語例:那是他為什么遲到的原因。Thatiswhyhewaslate.表語例:問題是我們什么時(shí)候得到答案。Thequestioniswhenwe’llgettheanswer.表語例:問題不是誰去，而是誰留下來。Theproblemisnotwhowillgobutwhowillstay.表語4.同位語從句：同位語從句通常放在要求有具體內(nèi)容的名詞（如：fact,truth,doubt,suggestion,idea,question,problem,hope,thought,fear等。）后面，用來解釋或說明前面名詞的具體內(nèi)容。Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.同位語從句例:我們明天放假的消息不是真的.Thenewsthatwearehavingaholidaytomorrowisnottrue.同位語從句1)Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.2)WordcamethatNapoleonwascomingtoinspectthem.3)SydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness.1.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight._____________________________________________________

Thefact

that

twothirdsofallgirlsareonadiet

worriestheirparentsandteachersalot._____________________________________________________________Weheardthenewslastnightthat

theQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina.4.Timetravelispossible./Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea.5.Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime./Thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.3.Teenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline./ManyBritishparentsholdtheview._______ManyBritishparentsholdtheview

that

teenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline.____________________________Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea

that

timetravelispossible.______________________________________________________Thesuggestion

that

Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.

1.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.If2.Iwonder____youwillgoshoppingorstayathome.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what3.Thisis_____hewasoftenlateforschool.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether4.Weallknowthetruth____theearth____aroundthesun.A.if;movedB.that;movesC.why;moveD.whether;move主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句PracticeAtlunchtime,theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.Whatsurprisedmemostwasthattheoldmancouldn’tseeanything.ThefactthatPollydidn’taskfortheman’snameisapity.PredictiveClause(表語從句)ObjectClause(賓語從句)SubjectClause(主語從句)AppositiveClause同位語從句Findclausesfromthefollowingsentencesandtellthefunctionsofthem“It”isusedasemptysubject形式主語為避免主語冗長(zhǎng),句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用it作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語.1.Itiscertainthathewillsucceed.2.Itisnotknownwhetherhewillgothere.3.Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhenthey’llstarttheproject.4.Itworriesherabitthatherhairwasturninggrey.It’slikely/possible/important/necessary/clear

that…很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…

It’ssaid/reportedthat…據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道…

Itseems/appears/happensthat…顯然、明顯、碰巧..It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已經(jīng)通知/宣布…It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/無疑…

It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(眾所周知）/acommonsaying（俗話說）that…在下列句型中常使用that引導(dǎo)主語從句分析下列賓語從句中的連詞Idon’tdoubt（that）youwillsucceed.Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewillcometonight.Idoubtif/whetheryouwillkeepyourpromise.3個(gè)句子中的連詞that,whether,if（是否）在名詞性從句中只起連接作用，在句中不擔(dān)任成分,被稱為連接詞注意：A.that本身無意義，在賓語從句中可以省略，但在別的三種名詞性從句中不可以省略。B.whether和if有是否的意義，在賓語從句中二者通常可以互換。但whether可以用于所有的四種名詞性從句，而if僅可以用于賓語從句。引導(dǎo)名詞從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞。連接詞一、名詞性從句的語序（1）名詞性從句構(gòu)成有兩種a.That+陳述句Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.

Thisiswhatwearelookingfor.名詞性從句考點(diǎn)歸納b.疑問詞+句子的剩余成分(2)疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句要求使用陳述句

語序，不能用一般疑問句語序。Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()

Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()你能告訴我他住在什么地方嗎？

FTTF他是怎么成功的仍然是個(gè)謎。

Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()

Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?()二、名詞性從句連接詞的選用（1）that和what的選用that和what都可引導(dǎo)所有的名詞從句。

但是，what除起連接作用外，還在名

詞性從句中充當(dāng)成分，可做從句的主

語、賓語、或表語。而that在名詞性從

句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用。that/what1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.

3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.

4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.

5.Is_____hetoldustrue?

6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.

7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.

8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.

WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat

a.主語從句

b.表語從句

c.同位語從句

e.介詞后的賓語從句

f.whethertodo做動(dòng)詞賓語不能用iftodo.

gwhetherornot連在一起引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)不用if.動(dòng)詞discuss后if和whether的選用不能使用if的情況：

1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

2.______wewillholdapartyintheopenair

tomorrowdependsontheweather.

3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.

4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.

5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.

6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.

7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion

______theoldmanwillrecoversoon.

8.Idon’tknow_______togo.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherif/whether其它連接代詞和副詞的連用主要根據(jù)名詞性從句中的具體意義,正確的選擇who、which、when、where、why、

how

等連接詞，這些連接詞既具有疑問含義，又起連接作用，同時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)各種成分。

我們何時(shí)舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)還沒有決定。

________weshallholdoursportsmeetingis

notdecided.

我不知道昨天誰打破了玻璃。

Idon’tknow_________broketheglassyesterday.

我不知道他長(zhǎng)的什么樣子。

Ihavenoidea_________helookslike.

這就是我忘記眼鏡的地方。

Thisis_________Ileftmyglasses.

Whenwhowhatwherethat可省略的情況：

that不可省略的情況：

主語從句

表語從句

同位語從句

用it做形式賓語的賓語從句

并列的賓語從句中的后幾個(gè)從句的

引導(dǎo)詞that不能省略引導(dǎo)詞that的省略單個(gè)賓語從句中的that可省略1.Idon’tthink________sheiscoming.

2.Itisapity________hehasmadesuchamistake.

3.Thereasonis_________heiscareless.

4.Thenews________ourteamwonthematch

inspiredus.

5.Idon’tthinkitnecessary_________youshould

readEnglishaloud.

6.Hetoldme__________hisfatherhaddied

and__________hehadtomakealivingalone.

(that)thatthatthatthat(that)thatthat/(that)1.同位語從句的格式：2.能接同位語從句的名詞有：that,也可根據(jù)含義選用

三、同位語從句的引導(dǎo)和辨別n.+連接詞+從句

order,belief,suggestion,advice,information等

whether,what,when,where等來引導(dǎo)同位語從句。fact、idea,1.Ihavenoidea_________hecomesfrom.

2.Hecan’tanswerthequestion________he

gotthemoney.

3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions________we

shouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.

4.Ihavenodoubt________hewillwin.

5.Ihavesomedoubt________hewillwin.wherehowthatthatwhetherthat/whether/where/how1.定語從句是先行詞的修飾語，它不涉及先行詞的具體內(nèi)容。定語從句中that不但起連接作用，而且在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)句子成分，充當(dāng)從句的賓語成分時(shí)可省略。中心詞的內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步的解釋和說明，表明中心詞的具體內(nèi)容。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that在同位語從句中不做任何成分,只起連接作用,無具體含義,且不可省略.同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別1.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.

2.Weexpressedthehopethattheywouldcome

toChinaagain.1.Theinformationhasbeenannouncedthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity.

2.Theinformationthatherevealedatthemeetingisofgreatvalue.定從同從同從定從AttributiveorAppositive1.Thereason______wedidn'ttrusthimwas______heoftenlied．reason____hegaveforhisabsentwas______hewasill.whythatthatthatPracticetime1.Theyexpressedthehope___theywouldcomeovertoChina.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.when2.Thefact___hedidn’tseeTomyesterdayistrue.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what3.Ihavenoidea____hewillcomeback.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.thatChoosethebestanswer4.Thenews___surprisedeverybodyyesterdaynowprovesto

befalse.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how5.Oneofthemenheldtheview___thebooksaidwasright.A.whatthatB.thatwhichC.thatwhatD.whichthat6.Wordhascome___someAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourcollegenextweek.A.whatB.whetherc.thatD.which7.Thequestionis____thefilmisworthseeing.A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.how8.Theyreceivedorders_____theworkbedoneatonce.A.whichB.whenC./D.that9.Thereason____Ihavetogois____mymotherisillinbed.A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because10.___Ican’tunderstandis___shewantstochangehermind.A.What;whyB.Which;howC.That;whyD.What;because11.____hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Evenif12.Itisknowntous___wherethereispollution,thereisharm.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that13.Ihavetheinformation____.A.ofwhathe’llcomesoonB.thathe’llcomesoonC.ofthathe’llcomesoonD.hiscomingsoon14.---Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball.---____itmademenearlymad.A.ThathebrokeB.WhathebrokeC.HebrokeD.Hisbreak15.Itremainsaquestion____wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.A.howB.thatC.whenD.what16.---CanIhelpyou?---Yes,doyouknow____?A.whencomesthebusB.whenwillcomethebusC.whendoesthebuscomeD.whenthebuscomes17.Hemadeapromise___anyonesethimfreehewouldmakehimveryrich.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.thatif18.Theylosttheirwayintheforestand____mademattersworsewas___nightbegantofall.A.what;thatB.it;thatC.what;whenD.which;what1.Itnowappears______theyareinneedofhelp.A.that B.which C.whatD.how2.Itisgoodnews______theywillarriveinafewdays.A.whichB.what C.thatD.how3.It______Joedrivesbadly.A.thoughtthat B.thinksthatC.isthoughtthat D.isthoughtthat4.It______heislateforclass.A.maythat B.mightthatC.maybethat D.mightbewhat5.Thisis______shewasborn.A.whereB.which C.thatD.what6.Thequestionis______wecan’tgotheretoday.A.thatB.what C.whichD.when7.Thequestionis______itisworthdoing.A.ifB.whether C.whichD.what8.Thereasonwhyhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis_______hehasneverwastedhistime.A.becauseB.why C.thatD.what9.Mysuggestionis______weshouldturnthelandintoricefields.A.whatB.that C.whichD.where10.Hisproposalisthatthedam______atthefootofthemountain.A.buildB.willbuild C.bebuiltD.willbebuilt11.Myadviceisthathe______regularhouse.A.keepB.wouldkeep C.keepsD.kept12.______knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit.A.WhothatB.Whoever C.WhomthatD.Thatwho13.Weallknowthetruth_____theearthgoesroundthesun.A.thatB.which C.whatD.whether14.Weheardthenews______ourteamhadwon.A.w