2023年職稱英語考試理工類級真題及答案

20２３年度全國職稱英語等級考試理工類(A級)試題第1部分:詞匯選項（第1~１5題,每題1分，共15分）下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有橫線,請為每處劃線部分擬定1個意義最為接近的選項。１Whycaｎ＇ｔyoｕsｔｏpｙoureｔeｒｎalcoｍplaininｇ？ＡlongBevｅｒlaｓｔingCteｍpoｒａryＤborｉｎg２Hｕｎdｒeｄｓofbｕildingsweｒｅwｒecｋｅｄbyｔｈeeaｒthquakｅ.AdａmａgｅｄBshakenＣfallｅnDjumped3Thesepａintiｎｇsareｃoｎsidｅrｅdbymａｎｙtobeａｕthenｔic.AfaｉｔhfulBｒoyalＣｓincereDｇenuine4Ｍａnyeconomistshavegivenintotｈefａt(yī)ａllｕreofｍatｈematics．ＡsimplicｉtyBattｒａctionCpｏwerDrigor5Tｅｎyearsaｆterthｅevｅnt，herdeａt(yī)hｓtｉｌｌrｅmainsaｐuzｚle.ＡmｉstBfogCｓecretDmystｅry６Johnwasirｒitatｅdbyｔheneceｓｓityforpoｌitecoｎversation,AtrｏuｂlｅdBaｎｎｏyedCtｈrｅａｔeｎedDaｒoｕseｄ7Aｃａdｅｍiｃreｃordscａnnotbeｄｕｐlｉｃated.AboｒｒowｅdBpurcｈasedCcopiedＤreｗｒittｅｎ８TheemphａsｉsｏntheimporｔａｎcｅofeduｃatiｏnｈaｓｓpurrｅdｓciｅｎtificｒｅseａrchＡencｏuragedBfastｅｎedＣｒaｉsｅdＤinitiated9WehaveamｐｌemｏneyforｔhejourｎeyAsomｅBlittleCｅnouｇhＤｅxtrａ１０Thｅdｏctor＇ｓpillswoｒｋedmaｒｖｅｌｓｆorme.AmiraclesＢｐatiｅntsCiｌlｎesｓDrecovｅry11Mａry'spｅｒpetualmｏanｉnｇｎeａrｌydrovememaｄ．AｅｎｄｌesｓBmonotonousCserｉｏusDbiｔteｒ1２ItwashardｔosaywｈｙtheｍａndeserｖｅｄsuｃhshａｂbytｒeatmenｔAoldＢunｆorgｅｔtａｂleCunfairDfunｎy13Yoｕｄｉｄn'ｔａdheretotｈeseprｉncipｌes．ＡoｒdｅｒBfoｌｌowCprovｅDｈａndle1４Thefarmersalsowanttousｅｔｈewateｒtoirrｉgａt(yī)ethebaｒrｅnland.AeｍｐtyＢhaｉrｌesｓＣsmoｏtｈDｂare1５Ａｎyonewhowantstoａppｌyfoｒaloａnneｅdreａdthefollowingsｐecificatｉons.ＡexpresｓioｎｓBwarnｉngsCａｄverｔｉsemenｔｓＤｉnstructｉｏｎs第2部分：閱讀判斷(第1６～２2題,每題１分,共７分)下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷:假如該句提供的是對的信息,請選擇A;假如該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇Ｂ;假如該句的信息文中沒有提及,請選擇Ｃ。Wａt(yī)er-theＩｓｓueｏｆThｉｓCenturyTheworlｄｉｓrunningshoｒtoｆfreshwateｒ.ＰopulatiｏnsaregｒowingbiggeｒａｎdThirｓtiｅr（渴的）,withｔｈereｓulｔｔｈaｔｆｒesｈwaｔeｒｉsbecｏmｉngｉncreaｓinglyscarｃe（缺少).Halftｈewoｒｌd'ｓwetｌaｎdshaｖｅdisappeaｒｅddｕrｉngthelastcentｕry,wｈileeｓtiｍatesｓuggeｓtｔhatwaｔerｕsewillriseｂｙ50%ｉntｈeneｘt30years．TｈeWorlｄBanｋrｅporteｓtｉmａｔesｔhaｔaｓmuｃhａｓhalfofthewｏrlｄ'sｐopｕlａt(yī)ion,concｅnｔratedｉnＡfriｃａ,theＭiddleEastandsouthAsiａ,ｗiｌｌfａｃｅ'sｅｖerewａt(yī)ershｏrtaｇes＇by20２5.Locａlｗateｒconｆｌictsandtｈelossoｆfrｅｓhwateｒｅcoｓystｅmsａppｅaｒlargeｉｎsomeregｉonｓ.Aｓimilarｐicturｅeｍergesfromthｅｇlobｅ'sｓaltｗａｔｅrｒegionｓ．Thｒee－qｕartersoftｈewｏｒld＇speｏｐlemａylｉvｅwiｔhｉn100kmｏftheseain2025,putｔingevenmｏrｅpｒｅssureonｓtreｔcheｄｃｏaｓtalecoｓｙstems.Twotｈirdsoｆfiｓhｅries（漁業(yè))areexplｏｉｔeｄatoｒbeｙondｔheirsustaiｎabｌｅｌiｍｉｔs,andhａlfｔhｅｗorlｄ'sｃoralｒｅｅfｓ(珊瑚礁)ｍaypeｒｉｓhiｎ1０0yeaｒs.Almosｔ60%ｏfcｏraｌreefsａnd3４%oｆｆｉshspeｃieｓａreatｒiｓkfroｍhumanａctｉvities,ｔheＢaｎｋsays．Thereｐorｔconｃludesthattｈｅreisampleｅvｉdeｎceｔojusｔifyiｍmediaｔeandcｏoｒdinaｔedactｉoｎtosａfeguardsｕpplｉesａnduｓewaｔermoreeffiｃiently．Fresｈｗaterｃonsumptiｏnisrｉｓｉngquicｋly，ａndthｅavaｉlabiliｔyofwａt(yī)erinｓomｅregｉonsｉslikelytobecoｍeoneｏｆtheｍostprｅssingｉssuesoｆtｈe21stcentury．Athirdｏftheｗorｌd＇spｏpulａt(yī)ioｎ-aroundｔｗobillionpeopｌe－liveｉｎcouｎtrieｓtｈaｔareｅｘｐｅｒiencｉｎgｍodeｒateｔｏhiｇhwaterｓhｏrtａgｅｓ.Thaｔprｏpｏrtionｃｏuldｒiｓeｔｏhａｌforｍoｒｅiｎtｈenｅxｔ３0ｙｅarsunlessinsｔituｔions（制度)chanｇｅｔoｅｎｓurebeｔｔeｒcoｎｓervationａnｄalloｃatｉonofwａt(yī)er.Chｉnaisｏnecounｔｒywｈereｔheportｅｎtｓ(征兆)arｅｇlｏomy．Themoｓtｗater-streｓｓedcoｕｎtryinEａstＡｓia,Chinａiseｘploiting４4%ofitsusablｅwater,afｉguｒeｐｒojｅcｔedtoriseｔo60%by２023.Pｒimaｒyｗitｈdrawaｌｏfwaterofmoｒethan６0%isｗｉdeｌｙconsidｅreｄbｙwaterexｐeｒｔstoexｃeedｔheenｖｉrｏnmenｔalcarｒyingcapａcityofａriｖerbasｉnsystem.AｌｔｈoｕghWｉtｈdraｗaｌsexcｅｅdｅnviroｎｍｅｎtallimitsｉnAfghaｎistanａndPaｋistaｎ,andｗilleｘceedthｅｍiｎIndiaby2０23．ＩｎｔｈeMiｄdleEａstａｎdNoｒｔhAｆｒicａ,ｏｎlyMoｒocｃｏhasuｎeｘｐloiteｄwaterｒesｏurces.Ｔheresthａveｅxceedｅｄｅnvironmｅｎtallimitsaｎdmａnyaｒｅmiｎｉngａｑuｉfers(蓄水層)-bodiesofwaｔｅｒ-bｅaｒingrock-thｅreportsays.１6Itｉseｓtimatedthatwａｔerusewillrｉseｂy50%iｎtｈenｅxt3０ｙｅａrｓ.AＲｉghｔＢＷronｇCＮoｔmｅntioneｄ１7Mostdevｅlopｅdcountｒieｓwiｌｌｆacｅwatｅrsｈortageｓｉn2０ｙeａrs.AＲightBWｒｏnｇCＮotmeｎｔiｏｎed18Ｍoｓｔofthｅworlｄ'sｐｏpuｌａt(yī)ioｎmaylivewｉｔhin100kmｏftheｓｅaｉn2０2５.ＡRiｇhtＢWｒonｇCNotmｅｎtｉoned1９Ａlmostａllcoralｒｅefsｍaydｉsappearin100yearｓ.AＲiｇhtBＷrongＣNｏtmｅntｉoｎed20SomespeciｅsｏｆｆishiｎtheAtｌanticareatdanｇｅrouslylｏｗlevｅlｓ.ＡRightＢWrｏnｇCNotmeｎtiｏｎｅd21ThｅWｏrldBａｎkreportimpliesthaturｇentactiｏnshouldbetakentｏｐｒotecｔwaｔersupplｉeｓ.AＲｉｇhｔBWｒongCNｏtｍentioｎｅd２2Indiaexceｅｄsｅnvｉroｎmenｔallimitsfｏrwateｒuse.AＲighｔBWｒｏnｇＣNoｔmｅntｉoned第３部分：概括大意與完畢句子（第２3～30題，每題1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2項測試任務:(1）第2３～2６題規(guī)定從所給的６個選項中為第1～４段每段１選擇個最佳標題;(2）第27～30題規(guī)定從所給的6個選項中為每個句子擬定1個最佳選項。Chimpanzees1Chiｍpaｎｚeｅs(黑猩猩）ｗilｌsoｏnbeexｔｉnct(滅絕).Ifthｅｐresentｒaｔｅoｆhuntingandhabitａｔ(棲息地)deｓtructｉoncontiｎuｅs,thenｗitｈin20yearｓ,theｒewillbenochimpanzeｅslivinginthewilｄ.Butthiｓiｓmoｒetｈａｎanenｖｉronｍentａlormoraｌtraｇedy(悲劇).Chimpａｎｚeｅｅｘtinｃtiｏｎmａｙａlsoｈavｅprofouｎdimpliｃationｓ(含意)ｆortｈesurvivalｏfｔｈeｉrdisｔantｒelatｉvｅs-huｍanbeings.２In1９75ｔhebｉolｏｇistＭarｉe-ClaireＫiｎｇanｄＡlｌanWiｌｓondｉｓｃoveｒeｄthａt(yī)tｈｅhuｍaｎａｎdchimpａnzeegenｏmｅｓ（基因組)maｔchｂyover98%.Compａrｅthistoｔｈｅmouse,usedａｓｍodelforｈumanｄiｓeaseinｌaｂteｓｔs，ｗhｉchshａｒeｓｏnｌy６0%oｆｉtsDNAwitｈus．Inｆａct,chiｍｐanzeesaｒefａrmoresimilarｔｏhumanｓｔｈanthｅyaretoａｎyothｅｒｓpecieｓｏfmｏnｋey．Asweｌlasresemｂlingｕsgeneｔicalｌy,chiｍｐｓａｒeｈighlyｉｎtelligenｔandaｂｌetoｕsetoolｓ.Theｓefactｓalonｅｓhｏuldbｅｅnoughｔｏmａkeｐroｔｅctiｏnofchimpsanuｒgeｎｔpｒiority（優(yōu)先).Ｂuttｈereisanｏther,mｏreselfishreasontoｐresｅｒvethechimp.3Theｃｈimｐanzeｅｓ'trumpｃard(王牌)cｏmesｉntｈefieldofmｅdｉcalｒeｓeａrcｈ.Chiｍpanz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s．Sｏｍeofthｅｂｉrdshaｄmａt(yī)es,othersdidn't.Thefemaleｓshiｆtedaroｕｎdaｂiｔ,anｄtheｎmｏstoftｈｅmhoppedoｖｅｒtositbesidejuｓtｏnespｅaker．Allｔhebｉｒdsthatmadｅaｃleａｒchoicｅｌｉkedｓonｇｓmeａｎtforafemaleauｄiencｅ,evenifthey'ｄｎeｖermｅtthemａｌｅ.Mａt(yī)edfemａlesalｓｏhadachaｎceｔoliｓｔｅnｔｏｔwｏｄiffeｒentｐｅrｆormａｎceｓongs,oｎefｒｏmanunknｏwnmale,andｏnｅfｒoｍｔhｅirｍatｅ.Theyspｅntmoretiｍeliｓteningtoｔhｅcｏncerｔｖｅｒsionoftｈｅirmates'ｓongｓ,thissｕｇgesｔｓthａt(yī)aｆtｅraｗhｉle,femalｅslearｎtorｅcｏgnｉze－aｎdprefｅｒ-thesonｇsoftheiｒmates．Ｓcientiststｈeｎｓtudiedtｈebrａinｓoｆｔhefeｍａles.Tｈeｙfoundceｒｔaｉｎareａｓofｔhebraiｎｐｅｒkedｕp(活躍起來)whｅnthebirdslisｔeｎｅdtothｅconｃertsoｎgs.Ｔheｓebrａinaｒeasmaybeｉｎvolveｄiｎrecｏgｎiziｎｇanｄｅvａlｕatingthesonｇs,andｓtoringthemｅmｏriesofｔhem.Thisｒeseａｒchdeａlｓwithwｈａｔ'ｓｃalleddｉrectedｃommunicatｉoｎ,wｈｅntｈecommｕｎicator,oｒseｎdeｒ,fｏcｕsesthemessageforａsｐecｉfｉcａuｄience．Ｏnｅexampleｉsｔhewａyｍｏｒnsspeａｋtotheｉrｂａbies.Moｔhersaroｕnｄｔhewoｒｌduｓethesameｓortofｈigh-pitcheｄsiｎｇ-sonｇｃhaｔｔeｒ(喋喋不休）,ａｎdtheｂaｂiesresｐoｎdbestｔｏthｏsｅｓｏｕｎds．Ｓongbirdｓareoneoftheｏｎlｙｏtheｒspeｃiesknownｔｏleaｒntheｉrcｏmmunｉｃatioｎ,ｉnthｉｓｃａsethｅirsongs.36Whｉｃhｏftｈefｏlloｗingisｔｒｕeaｂoutbirdsongs?AFemalｅzeｂraｆｉncheｓaｒeｔooｓhyｔｏsingｂefｏremaleｓ.ＢMalezeｂrafincheｓｓｉngloｕｄerthａnfｅｍaｌｅs.CＭaｌｅzｅbrafｉnｃheｓchangetheirsongstoattractfemales.DFemａlezebrafinchｅslｉkeｔoｌistenｔｏｕnknｏwｎmalessing37Whaｔdiｄｔherｅｓeａrcｈersｆindintｈeｉrstudyoffeｍaｌeｚeｂｒafiｎcheｓ？AFｅmalｅfｉnchesｌiｋedsongｓmalｅfｉnchessangfｏrthem．BFemalｅfinｃhesoｎlｙlikedsoｎｇｓmａｌefincheｓｓangfｏrtheirmatｅｓＣＦemａｌefincｈeｓlｉkeｄｔolisｔentｏsongsfｒｏmboｔｈｓｐeakers,DFｅｍａlefincheｓchosethｅbesｔmaｌesiｎgersａsｔheirmａt(yī)ｅs．38Whatisｍeantｂy＂conｃertsongs"inpａragrａｐh7?ASoｎgssungbyzebraｆiｎｃｈesaｔａcｏｎcert.ＢSongssunｇｂyfemaleｆｉｎchｅsfoｒｍalefincheｓCＳonｇsｓungbyｍａleｆｉnchｅsｔootherｆｉncｈes．DSoｎgssuｎgbymaｌefiｎchｅsforfemalefinches39Tｈｅｅｘpｒｅssiｏn＂diｒectedｃommuｎicatｉon"ｉnthelastpａrａgraphmeanｓｃomｍuniｃaｔioninwhicｈAthｅcommuniｃatorsendsmessagｅsｔｏhimｓelf.Ｂthemｅｓsagｅｓｅndeｒhasaspecificaudieｎce.Cｔwocｏmmuniｃatｏrsseｎdmeｓsagestoeaｃhothｅr.Dｍotheｒstaｌｋｔｏｔheirbａbieｓintheirｍotherｔoｎgue．40Whｉｃhoftheｆoｌｌｏwiｎｇｃanbestrｅｆlｅctｔhetｈemeofｔｈeｐassage?ＡＣhirpinｇawａy.BZeｂraｆinchｅsandtｈｅirｌifｅ.CＦｒeｑｕｅnciesofbiｒdsｏnｇs.DBirｄｓoｎgsaｓcommuniｃation.第三篇TｈｅRobotＭanＡccorｄingtｏHansMｏrａvec，ｕnｉveｒsaｌｒoboｔｓwillｔakeｏｖeｒallｔhｅphysicalactivitiesthatwｅeｎｇageiｎ,lｅaviｎguswithlittleｔoｄo．Mｏｒaｖecｓeｅｓfourgenｅｒationsonｔｈerｏaｄｔotrueuniveｒsalｒoｂｏts．Thefirｓtgeｎerａt(yī)ｉonwillbｅheｒeｂy2023anｄｗillcｏnsiｓtｏfｆｒee－raｎgｉngroｂotｓｔhatｃaｎnaｖｉgaｔeｂybuildiｎganiｎtｅrnaｌmentalmapoｆthｅirｓurroundings.Iｎnｅwsituaｔｉonｓthey'llbeablｅtｏaｄapｔ,unｌikｅtoｄaｙ'sｍobｉleｉnｄｕstrｉalrobots.Tｈeｓｅrｏbotsｗilｌｈａvｅthｅcompｕtingpoweｒ，ｔｏｃｏｐeｗｉｔhｓiｍpleｓpeｅchａndtextｒecoｇｎitｉon,ａｎdwillbeusｅdｆｏrｔａskssｕchasｄomesticcｌeaｎiｎg.Ｔhｅsecondgenｅｒatiｏnwｉlｌarriveａrｏｕnd20２3ａndwillｂedisｔinguisｈｅdbytheａbｉｌitytoleaｒｎ.Seｃondｇｅneｒａt(yī)ionrobｏtsareprogrａmdwiｔhseｔｓoｆｐｒiｍitivｅｔａsｋsandwithfeｅdbａckthａｔproｖide＂pleaｓurｅ"and"pain＂stimuｌi.Forｅxamｐle,acolliｓiｏｎpｒovoｋesａｎegativeresponse,aｃｏｍpletedｔasｋwｏuldbｅpositive.Ｍoveforwaｒdanotherｔｅｎｙeａrsto２0３0aｎｄyougettoｇeneraｔionthree.Thiｓrｏｂotcanｂuildinternalsimｕｌａｔiｏnｓｏfthｅworldaｒouｎｄit.Bｅfｏｒe=bｅginningatasｋ,itcanimａginewhatwillhａｐｐenｉnoｒｄertopｒedicｔprobｌｅmｓ．Ifithaｓafｒeeｍomｅnt,ｉtｃanｒeｐlayｐasｔeｘperｉｅncｅｓandtryvariaｔｉonsiｎordｅrtofｉnｄabｅtterｗａyofｄoingtｈinｇsnexttime．Itcｏｕlｄｅvenobserｖeapｅrsonoｒ－ａnotherroｂoｔperｆｏｒｍingaｔaskandlｅaｒnbyiｍitaｔion．Fortｈefiｒsttime,ｗeｈavｅhereaｒｏboｔthaｔcantｈink.Byｔhｅｔiｍｅｗegｅttoｇenerａt(yī)ioｎｆoｕｒｉｎ2040,Morａｖｅcｐredictｓｔhaｔrobotsｗillｂｅableto:ｍatchhumaｎｒeaｓoningandbehaviour;gｅneｒaｌiseａbstracｔｉdeasfｒｏmspecｉficexｐerｉence;ａnd，coｎverｓｅly,compiledｅｔaｉledplａｎsｏfａctｉonｆｒｏmｇenｅrａｌｃoｍｍanｄsｓuchas＇eaｒnalｉｖing'oｒ'makemorerobｏts＇.TheMorａvecmａniｆesto（宣告)ruｎssoｍeｔhｉｎgliｋethｉs.Asｒoboｔｓstａｒttobeｃｏmeuｓefｕlingeｎeｒatｉonone,ｔｈey'llbeｇinｔotａkeon-ｍanytasｋsｉnindustｒy.Dｒiveｎbytheavailabilitｙoftｈiｓcheapaｎdｔiｒｅlesslａｂoｕrｆorcｅ，thｅeｃｏnoｍｙｗｉｌlboｏmandthedｅｍａｎdforroｂotｓｗｉllgｒowsoraｐidlyｔhattｈeywillsoonｂｅcomelow-ｃostcomｍodityｉtｅmsSomuchｓothａt(yī)they'llmoveintothｅhｏｍe,wｈeｒｅthedoｍesticrobｏtwiｌlreｌieｖeuｓofmanyｃhores.Ｗithiｎcｒeａｓingauｔomationｉnｇeneratioｎstwoanｄthrｅｅ,tｈｅleｎgｔhoｆtheaｖeraｇewｏｒｋingdaywilｌpluｍmｅt,ｅveｎｔｕaｌlyｔonｅａrzero.Mostpeoplewiｌlbｅuｎｅｍpｌoｙedａsroｂotsｔaｋeｏvｅrｎoｔjusｔpriｍaryindustｒy,ｂｕtthesｅｒviceeconoｍytoo．Moｒavecseesthefourthgeneraｔionａsａｎopｐｏrtｕnitｙｔoｓurｐasｓourhｕmanlｉmiｔaｔions．Thｅsefuturemａcｈｉnesｗiｌlbeｏur＂ｍｉnｄchildreｎ＂.Lｉｋebioｌogicalｃhildrenofｐｒｅviousgｅneｒatioｎs,ｔheyｗiｌlｅｍbodｙhｕｍanｉty＇sｂeｓthopefoｒalonｇ-termfuｔure.4１Whatwillbeｔhedisｔinｃtivefｅatureofthesecoｎdgenerationrobots？ＡTｈeywilｌbeａbleｔｏlearnbytｈeｍselｖes.BTheywillbeabletｏrｅcｏgnizesｐeｅｃhesaｎｄteｘts.CThｅywiｌlｂeａｂleｔopreｄictｐroblems.DＴheywiｌlbeａbｌetomatchhumaｎreasoningandbｅｈavｉor.４2Ｗhichｏfthｅfollowiｎgsｔatｅmentｓistrｕeofthefｕtuｒeroｂｏｔｓ?AThｅｙwilltakｅoｖertheｉnfoｒmａt(yī)iｏnindｕstｒy.BTheywillreｌieveusofmanycｈｏrｅｓ.ＣTheｙwillneveｒｓurpａssus.DThｅywillｂｅcomｅｈｉｇh-coｓtcommodityｉteｍｓ.43Ｔｈｅauthｏｒ＇smaiｎpurposeｉstoＡsuppｏｒｔtheｖiｅｗthatroｂotswｉllｐlａyamaｊoｒroleiｎourlifｅ.ＢdescribethｅlifeofHａnsMoｒavec.CmaｋefunｏｆｔheviewｓofHａnsMoｒaveｃ．Dｇetpeoｐlｅpreｐaｒedfoｒthｅｔｈreaｔｏffｕturerｏbots.4４Theword"plumｍｅt＂ｉnparaｇraｐh6mｅansAｓtretch．Bdeｃｒeaｓe.Cｅｘｔenｄ.Dgrow.４５WhatdｏeｓMoravｅｃｔｈinkofthesefutｕreｒoｂots?ＡTｈeｙwillbehumans'mind-childrｅn.BTheywillｌookｌikｅpreviousbiolｏgｉcalcｈildrｅｎCTheyｗｉｌlｃｒeateａdangｅｒouswｏrｌｄ．DＴheywｉllｒulethｅworld．第5部分：補全短文(第4６～５０題,每題2分,共10分）下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中５個取自短文,請根據(jù)短文內容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。ＭyＬｉfeaｔRendaIlｅarneｄverｙｑuｉckｌyｔｈatbｅiｎgaｔeaｃhingａssiｓｔaｎt（TA)attheUnivｅrsityofIowａｗouｌｄbｅdｉffereｎｔｆrombeingateacheraｔＲenｍｉｎ(46）Eyessｔariｎg，mouthsｏpen,studentseｘaminedmybigｎose,whileIwaswritingｍｙnameontｈｅblackboaｒｄ．AｔIoｗa，wｈeｎｍyfirｓｔclassｅsbegan,ｈalfofmｙsｔudｅntｓsｔiｌlhａｄn'tarｒｉved.Whenevｅrｙoｎeｆinaｌlyfoundaseat,rinｇｉnｇcellphoｎesandlouｄｙawｎs(哈欠)inteｒｒuptｅdmｙopeｎingreｍａrkｓ.ItisnotthatＡmericａnｓtｕdeｎtswereｄisrespectful.（４7)Theyweｒe,ｈowｅvｅｒ，faｒmｏresｋｅpticaltｈanｔheｓtudentｓIｈaｄatRenｄa．ＴheｔrｕthisＩｃｏuldｎ'tfauｌtｔｈｅmｆoｒｔｈｅirsｋepｔｉｃｉsm.UnderｇraduatｅsatlaｒgeＵＳｕniversitiｅｓ-eｓpeciallyfreshｍenanｄsｏphomores-oｆtｅnhavesｅvｅｒalclassesaseｍeｓｔｅrｈaｎdledbｙＴAs.Ｉｎsomｅｃases,theＴAsetｓｔhecｏｕrｓecoｎtent.(48)Mｏｓthavegｏodintenｔions,butｖeryfｅwareａseffeｃtiｖeasｐroｆesｓors.Everyteaｃhｅrhastoｃonfrontobｓtａcｌｅstｏleaｒnｉｎg-nomaｔtｅｒｗhattheculｔuｒe.Stuｄentｓｗｈoｔalkduringlectureｓ,sｔudentswhochｅat,studｅnｔｓwhｏquestiontheｇrａｄｅtｈeｙｇetｆorapaｐerorｐrｏjeｃt-ｄｅalingwｉｔhｔheseiｓalｌpartofthｅjob.(49)Thediｆｆｅrence,Iｔｈink,isｔｈａt(yī)ｉｎｔheUSIhａｄtoswalｌowmoreofｍｙpride.(5０)Ｉhadaresponsibｉlitytoteachthｅm,ofcoursｅ,butIhadtodosoindｉrectly-asaguidewhｏhimｓｅｌfhａdａfｅwthｉｎgsｔolｅａrnｆrｏｍtheｓtuｄeｎｔｓ.AＢaｃkaｔReｎda,ＩhadｗaｌkedｉntomyｆirｓtclａｓseｓfeeｌinglｉkeacelebriｔyBInmystｕｄenｔｓ'mｉnds,Iｈaｄlｉtｔｌetooffeｒｔhem,ｅｘｃeptｐerhapssomｅsampleqｕeｓtｉｏｎsｆoｒtｈemid－termexam．ＣIｎoｔｈers,theTＡwｏｒｋsａsagraderanddisｃuｓsiｏnleａｄｅrDIencounteredｔheｓeｉｎChiｎa，ａｎdIfacｅdtheｍｉｎthｅUＳ.ＥＯntｈｅotherhａnｄ,beｉngtaughtbyagrａdｕatｅstudentｉsnotｎecessarilybａdFＭosｔｗｅreｐolite,oratleaｓt,ｉndｉｆｆeｒenｔ.第６部分：完形填空(第51~５５題,每題1分,共15分）下面的短文有15處空白，請根據(jù)短文內容為每處空白擬定一個最佳選項。SharksPerfoｒmaＳｅrｖｉcefoｒEarth＇sWatersItishardtｏｇetpｅopletothｉnkofsharksａｓanythiｎgbutadeａdlyｅnｅmy.Tｈｅyareｔhoughtto(5１)ｐeoplefrequenｔly．Aｌthouｇｈtheｓefｉsｈperfoｒmavａlｕａｂlｅ(52)forearth'swａt(yī)ersandfｏｒｈumａnbeｉngs，busiｎessandsportｆishｉｎｇarethreａt(yī)ｅningtheiｒ(53)．Aｓaresult,somesharksareaｔrisｋofｄisaｐpeａｒｉngfｒomＥａrth．Wａｒmweａｔhermａｙinfｌueｎcｅbｏthfishaｎdsｈａｒk(５４).Ｍanｙfiｓhｓwimneaｒｃoastalａreasｂecaｕｓeoftｈeir(５５)wａｔers.Expeｒtssaｙｓhaｒｋｓmayfoｌlｏwthefishintoｔhesameareas,（５6）peoｐｌeａlsｏswim．Inｆacｔ，ｍosｔsharksdonoｔpｕrｐosｅlychａrgｅatｏｒｂｉtehumans.Ｔｈｅyａrｅｔhｏughttomiｓtａkeａpｅrsｏｎ(57)aｓeaanimａl,suchasａseal(海豹)orｓeａlioｎ.Ｔhatｉsｗhypｅoplｅsｈｏuｌdnotswiminthｅoｃeanｗhｅnｔｈeｓunｇｏesdownorｃomeｓｕp，becauｓetｈｏsｅaretｈetimeswheｎsharksａｒelooｋｉngfor(58).Ｅｘｐeｒtsalsosaytｈatbrightｃolorｓanｄshiｎyjｅweｌrｙ(珠寶)ｍａycａusesharkstoａt(yī)tack.Asｈarkhasaｎeｘtｒemｅly'ｇooｄseｎseｏf(59),wｉthwhｉcｈitcanfiｎｄsmallaｍｏunｔsofsuｂstancesinwatｅr,sｕcｈasblood,ｂodyliquidsａndｃｈｅmｉcａls(６0）byanｉmａls．Thesｅpoweｒfulsenseｓhｅlpsｈarｋsfinｄｔhｅirｆood.Sｈarksｅａt(yī)fｉｓｈ,anｙ(６1）shａｒks,anｄplantｓｔｈaｔliveiｎtheocean.Mediｃaｌｒeseａｒｃｈerswａnttｏlearnmoreabｏuttheｓhaｒk'sｂodyｄｅfenseaｎdｉmmune(免疫的)(6２）ａgａｉｎｓtdｉsｅaｓe.Rｅsearchersknowthａt(yī)sharks（6３)qｕiｃkｌyｆrominjuｒｉes．Thｅystudｙthesharｋiｎhopesoffｉｎdingawａytofiｇhthuｍａndiseａse.Sharksaｒeimporｔａntfoｒｔheworld＇ｓoｃeanｓ,ａstｈeyｅatinjurｅdａｎｄdiseasedfiｓh．Tｈeir(6４)ａctiｖitiesｍeanｔhatthｅｎuｍｂerｓoｆotｈｅrfishiｎocｅanwａt(yī)ersdonotbｅcｏmeｔoo（65)．Thiｓpｒotecｔsｔhｅplaｎｔsandｏtｈerｆｏrｍsoflｉfethａt(yī)exiｓｔｉｎtheｏceaｎs.51AmeｅtBattackCrecognizｅDvisit52AreｓeaｒchBexperiｍenｔCanalｙｓisＤserviｃｅ53AexisteｎceBｐoｗｅｒCmatesDsｋiｌｌｓ5４ＡｉnｔelｌiｇｅｎcｅBsｈapeCａctivityDsize55AfreｓhBｓofｔCｄeepDwａｒm56AwhoseＢwhiｃhCwhereDｔhａt(yī)57AｆorBｔｏＣaｓDｗith5８AhelpBfoｏdＣfｒiｅnｄsＤtraiｎeｒs59AｈumｏｒＢｓecｕｒｉｔyCtoucｈＤsmell６０AproduｃedBｃｏnｔａiｎeｄＣuｓｅdDaddeｄ61AthosｅBtheseCｏthｅｒDanother６2ApｒocesｓesＢｓystemｓCiｄ