2022年甘肅省白銀市靖遠(yuǎn)縣高考英語(yǔ)三模試卷（附答案詳解）

2022年甘肅省白銀市靖遠(yuǎn)縣高考英語(yǔ)三模試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

A

Accordingtosomerecentresearchfindings1%oftheUSAcitizenshavereadatleastone

bookoverthepastyear.Herearesomegreatbookstheylike.

LaDivinaCommedia-DanteAlighieri

ThisbookisanarrativepoeminItalian,finishedin1321.Itisoneofthegreatestworksof

classicliterature,dividedintothreesectionstitledInferno,PurgatorioandParadiso.Thisisa

storyaboutDante'sjourneytowardthelightandtheMiddleAgeconceptoftheafter-life.ltisan

amazingandatruemasterpieceworthanybody'stimeandenergy.

1984-GeorgeOrwell

Publishedin1949,thisbookservesasareminderthatyounggenerationsshouldnottake

anythingforgrantedandshouldquestioneverything.Foryoungpeople,thisisoneofthose

booksthatdemandreflectionontheimportanceofkeepinghumanvaluesanddefending

individualityandfreedomwithinthesystem.

AFarewelltoArms-ErnestHemingway

ThisisatouchinglovestoryaboutanAmericanofficerandanEnglishnurseduringWWIon

theItalianfront.Publishedin1929,thisbookdescribesyoungboyswhoaremarchinginthe

severestweatherconditionsatwarthoughdiscouragedandtired,reflectingthehorrorsofthe

warandtheyoungpeople'sdoubtsaboutlife.

ThePhantomoftheOpera-GastonLeroux

ThisfamoustheatricalnovelbytheFrenchauthorLeroux,publishedinFrancein1909,belongs

toclassicliterature.Forthatreason,itcouldbeagreatgiftforpeoplewholiketheater,musicals

andopera.ThestoryplotrevolvesaroundayoungoperasingerChristine.Sheisadaughterofa

famousmusicianwhodiesandleaveshertogrowupintheParisOperaHouse.

1.WhatdoweknowaboutLaDivinaCommedia?

A.Theplotofitisflat.

B.TheheroofitisanAsian.

C.Itisanaccountoftheauthor'slife.

D.Itisastorywritteninthe13thcentury.

2.Whatdo1984andAFarewelltoArmshaveincommon?

A.BotharesetinItaly.

B.Botharerelatedtopoems.

C.Bothreflecthumans*viewoffreedominpeace.

D.Bothdescribetheyouths'thinkingaboutlife.

3.Whichbookisrelatedtodrama?

A.LaDivinaCommedia.B.1984.

C.ThePhantomoftheOpera.D.AFarewelltoArms.

B

IgrewupinAlgeriaandasafemale,I'vehadtopayanextrapricethroughoutmyscientific

journeyasaresult.Iknewstudyingabroadwouldbekeytomysuccess,soIwasextremely

excitedwhenIwonascholarshiptoattendaBritishuniversityfbrgraduateschool.Butthere

wasonecondition：IneededtotakeanEnglishtest.IwasfluentinArabicandFrench,the

languagesspokeninAlgeria,butIdidn'thaveasolidgraspofEnglish.Ilearnedithardbutdidn't

scorehighenoughtosecureentrance.IhadtostayinAlgeriatocompleteamaster'sdegree

instead.ButIkeptlearningEnglishonmyown.Twoyearslater,IearnedaPh.D.scholarshipto

studyinSwitzerland.

MidwaythroughmyPh.D.,aprofessorremarked,"Youarequiteproductive,butwhydon'tyou

publishintheregularjournalsinourfield?"Shocked,!responded,'*Whatdoyoumeanby

regularjournals?”Hegaveafewexamplesofalljournalsdominatedbyresearchersfromthe

GlobalNorth.Ihadbeenpublishingmypapersinspecialized,low-impactjournals.Thatwas

countedasagreatachievementinmyhomecountry,whereevenprofessorsstruggletoget

published.NowJrealizedthatthescientificaccomplishmentsabroadIwasproudofwere

regardedasbelowaverageatbest.Theprofessor'scommentheartenedmetoadjustmyresearch

toaddressissuesofbroaderinterest.BythetimeIgraduated,!hadstartedpublishingin

so-called"regular"journals,whichhelpedmelandapostdoctoraldegreeinCanada.Itoldall

thistothemembersofmylab,addingthattheywereprivilegedtogrowupspeakingEnglish

andhaveaccesstotremendousexpertiseandfunding.Facingglobalinequitiesj'vestartedtotry

usingapreprintservertointegrateanEnglishlanguageproofing（校對(duì)）systemintoits

platform,whichwouldconnectauthorswhoneedlanguagehelp.Wecantakestepstomakethe

globalscientificcommunitymoreinclusive.AndIwanttobepartofthatpushforchange.

4.WhywastheauthorunabletogotoaBritishuniversity?

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A.Shedidn'tlearnEnglish.

B.ShefailedtheEnglishtest.

C.Shelackedamaster*sdegree.

D.Shegotthelowestentrancescore.

5.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthecommentoftheprofessorinSwitzerland?

A.Inspiring.B.Heartless.C.Regular.D.Confusing.

6.What'stheaimofthepreprintserver?

A.ToestablishanEnglishlanguageproofingsystem.

B.TosetupaplatformwhereEnglishauthorswrite.

C.Tomaketheglobalcommunitymoreinclusive.

D.Toaidthosewhoneedhelpwithlanguage.

7.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?

A.Honestandathletic.B.Humbleandconsiderate.

C.Strong-willedandpositive.D.Energeticandsympathetic.

c

Inautumn2021,asleadersfromacrosstheglobegatheredonGlasgowtotalkabouttheimpact

ofhuman-causedclimatechange,agroupofartists,architectsandresearchersinAustraliacame

awaytodocumenttheplanet'sendbystoringdatainamassivemetalstonein

Tasmania.KnownasEarth'sBlackBox,theproject,equalpartsartinstallationandtime

capsule,aimstodocumentthephysicalchangescausedbyglobalwarmingandhumanity's

geopoliticalresponsetothem.

Theinstallation'snameisanodtoacommonaviationpractice.Thecommercialairplaneand

privateaircraftareequippedwitha"blackbox",amechanismthatautomaticallylogsimportant

flightdetailslikealtitude,airspeedandequipmentfunctionality.Theseboxes,whichareusually

brightorangeratherthanblack,aredesignedtowithstandextremetemperaturesaswellas

immenseamountsofforceandpressure.Theyaresometimestheonlyobjectsthatsurvivea

planecrash,allowinginvestigatorstoreconstructatimelineofwhatwentwronginthe

aftermath.

Earth'sBlackBoxdrawsinspirationfromthesemechanisms.Thevault（穹頂）willbemade

fromspeciallydesigned,3-inch-thickreinforcedsteel,chosenforitsresistancetofireandwater

damageaswellasitstoughnessandfirmness.AlongwiththeUniversityofTasmaniaanda

collectiveofartists,anAustraliancommunicationsfirmplanstobuildthe33-foot-longvaultin

aremotepartofwesternTasmania.Theychosethelocationforitsrelativegeologicaland

geopoliticalstability.Unlikearairplane'sflightrecorder,however,Earth*sBlackBoxisnot

meanttowithstandtotalplanetarydestruction.IfEarthweretosomehowexplode,forinstance,it

probablywouldn'tsurvive.Instead,theartistsanddatascientistsbehindtheprojectthinkofitas

awaytologtheprogressionofEarth'scurrentecologicalcollapse,whichisalreadyprofoundly

changingtheenvironment.

"Atitscore,theboxisintendedtobeasymbolofthedisastroussituationwefindour-selvesinJ

saysCurtis,anexpertontheproject."Andmoreimportantly,it*sintendedtoholdourleadersto

accountbybeinganunmissablestructurethatremindsthemthattheiractionsorinactionwill

berecordedforgenerationstocome.M

8.WhatisthepurposeofEarth'sBlackBox?

A.Tokeeparecord.B.Toperformmonitoring.

C.Tohandledownloads.D.Tomakepredictions.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"intact'*inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Brightandcolorful.

B.Inactiveanddisconnected.

C.Completeandundamaged.

D.Importantandmultifunctional.

10.HowisthesteelusedtobuildtheEarth'sBlackBox'svault?

A.Leaky,toughandfirm.

B.Hot,breakableandexplosive.

C.Damp,physicallystableandeco-friendly.

D.Water-resistant,heat-resistingandsolid.

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.GlobalLeadersAreAimingatGlobalWarming.

B.Human-causedClimateChangeIsHavingaBigImpact.

C.Earth'sBlackBoxWarnsofItsEndDuetoClimateChange.

D.Earth'sBlackBoxCanSaveUsfromDisastrousSituations.

D

Ateamofresearchershasfoundhowtousemathtostudypaintingstolearnmoreabouthow

theartdevelopedinthewesternworld.IntheirpaperpublishedinProceedingoftheNational

AcademyofSciences,thegroupdescribeshowtheyscannedthousandsofpaintingsandthen

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usedmathematicalalgorithms（算法）tofindcommonalitiesbetweenthemovertime.

Beauty,asthesayinggoes,isintheeyeofthebeholder-andsoitisalsowithart.Twopeople

lookingatthesamepaintingcanwalkawaywithvastlydifferentimpressions.Thestudyofart

historycanserveasachannel-castinglightonsocietaltrendsovertime.There-searchers

furthernotethattodate,moststudiesofarthistoryhavebeenqualitatively（定性地）

based,whichhasledtotheresultswithprejudice,Toovercomeit,theresearcherswiththisnew

effortlooktomathtoseeifitmightbeusefulinuncoveringfeaturesofpaintingsthathavebeen

overlookedbyhumanscholars.

Theworkinvolveddigitallyscanning14,912paintings-allofwhich（exceptfortwo）were

paintedbyWesternartists.Thedataforeachofthepaintingswasthensentthrougha

mathematicalalgorithmthatdrewpartitionsonthedigitalimagesbasedoncontrasting

colors.Theresearchersranthealgorithmoneachpaintingmultipletimes,eachtimecreating

moresectionstostudy.Forexample,thefirstrunofthealgorithmmighthavesimplycreated

twosectionsonapainting-everythingonlandandeverythinginthesky.Thesecondmight

havesplitthelandintobuildingsinonesectionandfarmlandinanother.

Theresearchersthenranotheralgorithmsdesignedtolookforpatternsbetweenthe

paintings.Doingsoallowedthemtoseetrendslikepaintingstylesthatpredominatedduring

certainerasandlong-termtrends,suchastheplacementofthehorizon（地平線）.The

researchersfoundthatoverthepastseveralhundredyears,paintershavebeenplacingit

increasinglyhigher.Inthe17thcentury,theseparationbetweenEarthandskydominated

landscapes-thosedoneinmoremoderntimes,insharpcontrast,havethehorizonverynearthe

topofthepainting.

12.Whichofthefollowingisthefindingoftheresearchers?

A.Awaytoresearchpaintings.

B.Thedevelopmentofwesternart.

C.Thesimilaritiesbetweenartandmath.

D.Ascientificpaperonpaintingandmath.

13.Whatdidtheresearchersexpecttodowithmath?

A.Deepentheimpressionofpaintings.

B.Uncoverthefeaturesofhumanscholars.

C.Makeamoreobjectivestudyofpaintings.

D.Interprettheresultsofpaintingqualitatively.

14.Howwerethealgorithmscarriedout?

A.Byobservingbuildingsandfarmland.

B.Bylinkinglandpaintingswithskypaintings.

C.Byanalyzingthevariouspartsofthepaintings.

D.Byclassifyingthedifferentcolorsofthepaintings.

15.Whatcanwelearnaboutthelocationofthehorizoninthepainting?

A.Ithasvariedovertime.

B.Itisalwaysverynearthetop.

C.Itwasonlyplacedatthebottominthe17thcentury.

D.Ithasnotchangedoverthepastseveralhundredyears.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)

RespectingtheoldisafinetraditionofChina.However,nomatterhowmuchyouloveyour

elders,it'snormaltofeeldepressedwhenyoumustconstantlyrepeatyourself,Butimaginehow

theyfeelwhentheycan'tunderstandwhatyouandothersaresayingtothem.ltcannotonlybe

depressingbutalsoembarrassingforthem.Whenyourelderscan'thearwell,itcanalsobe

dangerous.(1).Youmustgetthemtheprofessionalhealthcarethattheyrequire.

(2),youandyoureldersmightnotrecognizehowsevereitis.Thebestthingtodoisschedule

avisitwithanexpertwhocanmeasurethedegreeofhearinglossineachofyourelders*

ears.Oncemeasured,theywillberecommendedtherighthearingaid.

Backgroundnoisefromelectricalequipmentcanmakeitdifficultforyourelderstofocuson

whatyouorotherssay.⑶Don'traiseyourvoiceorshouttothembuttrysittingcloserand

facingthemdirectly.Somehardofhearingseniorscanalsolearntoreadlipswhenyou're

talkingtothem.

Youmustadjustyourmindsetbeforeyoucaneffectivelyhelpyourelders.(4)Oneoutofthree

seniorsbetween65and74hashearingloss.Theylikelyhaveadultchildrenlikeyouwhoare

tryingtocopeaswell.

Copingwitheldersisnoeasytask,butjustrememberthattakinganyofthatbadmoodouton

themwillservenopurpose.Besuretofindahealthyoutletwhetheritisafriendoranexpert.

(5),trynottoexpressittothem.

A.Rememberthatyou'renotalone

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B.Whenyoucopewithaneasytask

C.Nomatterhowdepressedyoufeel

D.Speaktothemasloudlyaspossible

E.Becausehearinglosscomesonslowly

F.Theymaynothearfireorsecurityalarms

G.Lowerthedevicesoundwhenspeakingtothem

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空（本大題共20小題,共30.0分）

Thethinghappenedlastyear.The⑵)wasconductedcompulsorilyduringtheCOVID-19

outbreak.Mostpeoplewereforcedtostayathomeandmany(22)theirjobs.ButonedayIhadto

(23)tothecompanybecauseofanemergency(24),Andthatwaswhensomethingmemorable

cameintomyeyes.ltwasthe(25)ofaboystandingontheroadwitha(26)inhishand.He

seemedtobefromaneducatedfamilyfromthe(27)wordsonthelargenotice,whichwaswhy

Igaveitasecondglance.ltread,nIneedmoneybadlyfbrmymother's(28)!Thankyoufor

yourattention,dearfriends!"

Iwasanxioustocatchupwiththebigmeeting.(29),Ididn'tstopthecar.Unemploymentand

povertywerea(n)(30)sightinthelargecity.Nowonderwemotoristsdrovebywithout(31)

assistance.Weweretaughtthatgivingmoneyhelped(32)adependentlifestyle,oritmademany

people(33)toearntheirliving.

AsI(34)awayfromtheboywiththatlargenotice,!wasextremely(35).Coulditbeashame?

WhatshouldIdo?Turnbackormoveon?AsI(36)withthesequestions,!sawacar(37)in

frontoftheboy.Amangotoffhiscarandwenttotalktotheboy,"Takethemoneyandwish

yourmomasuccessfuloperation.n(38),themanlenttheboyahand.AsI(39),somebodyelse

sprangintoactionanddidwhatIcouldhavedone.SincethenFvebeen(40)thatitisimportant

todosomethingforsomeoneinneed,whetheritisbigorsmall,becausesomethingisbetterthan

nothing!

21.A.educationB.lockdownC.researchD.leadership

22.A.gotB.satisfiedC.lostD.checked

23.A.driveB.walkC.runD.fly

24.A.testB.purchaseC.medicineD.conference

25.A.sightB.signalC.roleD.departure

26.A.posterB.billC.mapD.mirror

27.A.conservativeB.funnyC.politeD.absurd

28.A.enquiryB.surgeryC.promotionD.introduction

29.A.InsteadB.OtherwiseC.MeanwhileD.Therefore

30.A.rareB.ridiculousC.commonD.attractive

31.A.rejectingB.seekingC.witnessingD.offering

32.A.abandonB.developC.missD.spoil

33.A.unwillingB.dishonorableC.proudD.ready

34.A.workedB.climbedC.walkedD.sped

35.A.contentB.calmC.conflictedD.celebrated

36.A.endedB.wrestledC.helpedD.agreed

37.A.drawupB.blowupC.fadeawayD.breakaway

38.A.GraduallyB.ApproximatelyC.ObviouslyD.Scarcely

39.A.prayedB.sighedC.screamedD.hesitated

40.A.curiousB.convincedC.suspiciousD.puzzled

四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

41.ArchitectKerewonthePritzkerPrize,theworld'shighestrecognitioninbuildingdesign.

"The56-year-oldKere(1)(honor)onTuesdayforhispioneeringdesigns,"

saidTomPritzker,whoisthechairmanoftheHyattFoundation.Headded,"Thearchitect's

(2)(work)aresustainabletoEarthanditsinhabitants.11Kereisacitizenof

bothBurkinaFasoandGermanyandlivesinBerlin.Hesaidhewas(3)happiest

manontheplanettobecomethe51strecipientofthefamousyearlyprize.Kereis(4)

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(know)forbuildingschools.healthcenters,housingandotherpublicplaces

acrossAfrica.Heis(5)(equal)anarchitectandaservant,(6)

(improve)thelivesandexperiencesofcountlesscitizensinaregionoftheworldthat

isattimesforgotten.

Kerewonspecialpraise(7)his2001projecttobuildaprimaryschoolin

Gandojhevillagewherehewasbom.Unliketraditionalschoolbuildings,whichuse

concrete,Kere's(8)(create)designcombineslocalclayandcement(水

泥)(9)(form)bricks.Thematerialhelpskeepthebuildingcoolinthehot

environment.Awidemetalroofprotectsthebuildingfromrain(10)helpsair

flow.Thesuccessoftheprojectliesinthecreationofanextension,alibraryandteachers'

housinginlateryears.

五、短文改錯(cuò)(本大題共1小題，共10.0分)

42.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文

中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪

除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(A),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

Wehaveabighouse.Everytimewhenmymothercleansthefloor,sheisvery

exhausted.Thafsbecausemyfatherboughtasweepingrobotyesterday.Wetrieditforthe

firsttime.Toourastonishments,itcouldmovearoundtheroomandreacheverycorner.lt

sweepsthefloorandcollectedmuchtinydirt.

NowIhaveabetterunderstandingtherobot*sperformance.ltisofhighintelligent.ltcan

automaticallycleantheirownwipingheads,makingthecleaningveryeasily.Dadcaneven

askittoworkbyphoneinhisoffice.Ifitgetssticking,itwillsendamessageforhelp.What

amazingitis!

六、書(shū)面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）

你校將舉辦"遵守社會(huì)公德，從我做起(FollowSocialMoralityandStartfromMe)"的活

動(dòng)。請(qǐng)就此寫(xiě)一篇短文發(fā)表在校英語(yǔ)報(bào)上，內(nèi)容包括：

1.活動(dòng)目的；

2.具體行為(排隊(duì)購(gòu)票、愛(ài)護(hù)公物等)；

3.發(fā)出號(hào)召。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.題目已你寫(xiě)好。

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答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、D、C

【解析】（1）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)LaDivinaCommedia-DanteAlighieri部分中的

ThisisastoryaboutDante'sjourneytowardthelightandtheMiddleAgeconceptofthe

after-life.（這是一個(gè)關(guān)于但丁走向光明的旅程以

及中世紀(jì)對(duì)來(lái)世的看法的故事。）可知這是作者生平的寫(xiě)照。故選C。

（2）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)1984-GeorgeOrwell部分中的Foryoungpeople,thisisoneof

thosebooksthatdemandreflectionontheimportanceofkeepinghumanvaluesanddefending

individualityandfreedomwithinthesystem.

（對(duì)于年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一本需要反思在體制內(nèi)保持人類價(jià)值、捍衛(wèi)個(gè)性和自由的重要

性的書(shū)。）以及AFarewelltoArms-ErnestHemingway中的Publishedin1929,

thisbookdescribesyoungboyswhoaremarchingintheseverestweatherconditionsatwar

thoughdiscouragedandtired,reflectingthehorrorsofthewarandtheyoungpeople'sdoubts

aboutlife.（這本書(shū)

出版于1929年，描寫(xiě)了在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中最惡劣的天氣條件下，氣餒、疲憊的少年們，反映了

戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的恐怖和年輕人對(duì)生活的懷疑。）可知這兩本書(shū)的共同點(diǎn)是兩者都描述了年輕人對(duì)

生活的思考。故選D。

（3）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThePhantomoftheOpera-GastonLeroux中的This

famoustheatricalnovelbytheFrenchauthorLeroux,publishedinFrance

in1909,belongstoclassicliterature.Forthatreason,itcouldbea

greatgiftforpeoplewholiketheater,musicalsandopera.

（這部著名的戲劇小說(shuō)由法國(guó)作家勒魯于1909年在法國(guó)出版，屬于古典文學(xué)。因此，

對(duì)于喜歡戲劇、音樂(lè)劇和歌劇的人來(lái)說(shuō)，它可能是一份很棒的禮物。）可知ThePhantom

oftheOpera-GastonLeroux與戲劇有關(guān)，故選C。

本文是一篇廣告布告類閱讀理解，主要介紹了美國(guó)公民喜歡的幾本好書(shū)。

考查廣告布告類閱讀理解。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正

確的選擇。

4~7.【答案】B、A、D、C

【解析】（1）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一自然段butIdidn,thaveasolidgraspofEnglish」

learnedithardbutdidn*tscorehighenoughtosecureentrance.IhadtostayinAlgeriato

completeamaster'sdegreeinstead.（但我對(duì)英語(yǔ)掌握不太好。我學(xué)得很努力，但分

數(shù)不夠高，無(wú)法保證進(jìn)入。我不得不留在阿爾及利亞攻讀碩士學(xué)位。）可知，作者因?yàn)?/p>

英語(yǔ)考試沒(méi)通過(guò)所以沒(méi)能進(jìn)入英國(guó)大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。故選B。

（2）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二自然段Theprofessor'scommentheartenedmetoadjustmy

researchtoaddressissuesofbroaderinterest.（教授的評(píng)論鼓舞了我調(diào)整我的研究，以解決

更廣泛的問(wèn)題。）可知，作者因?yàn)榻淌诘脑u(píng)論而備受鼓舞。A.Inspiring鼓舞人心的；

B.Heartless無(wú)情的；C.Regular規(guī)律的；D.Confusing令人困惑的。故選A。

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二自然段Facingglobalinequities,I'vestartedtotryusinga

preprintservertointegrateanEnglishlanguageproofingsystemintoitsplatform,whichwould

connectauthorswhoneedlanguagehelp.（面對(duì)全球的不平等，我開(kāi)始嘗試使用預(yù)印本服

務(wù)器將英語(yǔ)校對(duì)系統(tǒng)集成到其平臺(tái)中，這將連接需要語(yǔ)言幫助的作者。）可知，預(yù)印本

服務(wù)器旨在幫助在語(yǔ)言上需要幫助的人們。故選D。

（4）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中Iknewstudyingabroadwouldbekeytomysuccess.（我

知道出國(guó)留學(xué)是我成功的關(guān)鍵。）以及ButIkeptlearningEnglishonmyown.Twoyears

later,IearnedaPh.D.scholarshiptostudyinSwitzerland.（但我一直在自學(xué)英語(yǔ)。兩年后，

我獲得了在瑞士學(xué)習(xí)的博士獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。）可以看出作者意志堅(jiān)定；根據(jù)最后一段Wecantake

stepstomaketheglobalscientificcommunitymoreinclusive.AndIwanttobepartofthatpush

forchange.（我們可以采取措施，使全球科學(xué)界更具包容性。我想成為推動(dòng)變革的一部

分。）可以看出，作者積極樂(lè)觀。A.Honestandathletic誠(chéng)實(shí)的和好運(yùn)動(dòng)的；B.Humble

andconsiderate謙遜體貼的；C.Strong-willedandpositive意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，積極向上的；

D.Energeticandsympathetic精力充沛，富有同情心的。故選C。

本文是一篇記敘文。以第一人稱口吻講述了一位阿爾及利亞長(zhǎng)大的一名女性為了出國(guó)留

學(xué)，通過(guò)自己的不懈努力，獲得了在瑞士學(xué)習(xí)的博士獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。后來(lái)受瑞士一位教授的鼓

舞在常規(guī)期刊上發(fā)表文章，獲得了加拿大博士后學(xué)位的故事。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因?yàn)殚喿x理解題

一般沒(méi)有標(biāo)題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過(guò)程中，應(yīng)盡可能

多地捕獲信息材料；其次細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材

料后的問(wèn)題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問(wèn)題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，要善

于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時(shí)，要有較強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性，對(duì)于捕獲到的信息，要做認(rèn)真分析，

仔細(xì)推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對(duì)題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。

8~11.【答案】A、C、D、C

第12頁(yè)，共21頁(yè)

r解析】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段KnownasEarth'sBlackBox,theproject,equalparts

artinstallationandtimecapsule,aimstodocumentthephysicalchangescausedbyglobal

warmingandhumanity'sgeopoliticalresponsetothem.

（該項(xiàng)目被稱為“地球黑匣子"，由藝術(shù)裝置和時(shí)間膠囊組成，旨在記錄全球變暖引起的

物理變化以及人類對(duì)這些變化的地緣政治反應(yīng)。）可知它的目的是“紀(jì)錄"，故選A。

（2）C.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段Theyaresometimestheonlyobjectsthatsurviveaplane

crash（它們有時(shí)是飛機(jī)失事后唯一幸存下來(lái)的物體）以及

allowinginvestigatorstoreconstructatimelineofwhatwentwrongintheaftermath.

（允許調(diào)查人員重建事后出錯(cuò)的時(shí)間表。）可知C選項(xiàng)”完整的，無(wú)損壞的”符合題意。

故選Co

（3）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Thevault（穹頂）willbemadefromspecially

designed,3-inch-thickreinforcedsteel,chosenforitsresistancetofireandwaterdamageaswell

asitstoughnessandfirmness.（穹頂將

由專門(mén)設(shè)計(jì)的3英寸厚的鋼筋制成，其選擇是因?yàn)槠淇够鸷头浪约绊g性和堅(jiān)固性。）

可知D”耐水、耐熱、堅(jiān)固”符合題意。故選D。

（4）C.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章可知，整篇文章圍繞關(guān)鍵詞"地球黑匣子”展開(kāi)，根據(jù)最

后一段"Andmoreimportantly,it'sintendedtoholdourleaderstoaccountbybeingan

unmissablestructurethatremindsthemthattheiractionsorinactionwillberecordedfor

generationstocome."

（"更重要的是，它是為了讓我們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人負(fù)起責(zé)任，因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)不容忽視的結(jié)構(gòu)，

提醒他們，他們的作為或不作為將被記錄下來(lái)，代代相傳?！埃┛芍狢選項(xiàng)”地球黑匣子

警告氣候變化將導(dǎo)致地球滅亡"符合題意。故選C。

文章講述了紀(jì)錄氣候變化的"地球黑匣子”項(xiàng)目，它將敦促各國(guó)履行其應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變暖

的義務(wù)。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯

關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章

未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作

者觀點(diǎn)。

12~15.【答案】A、C、C、A

【解析】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段Ateamofresearchershasfoundhowtouse

mathtostudypaintingstolearnmoreabouthowtheartdevelopedinthewesternworld.（一

組研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了如何使用數(shù)學(xué)來(lái)研究繪畫(huà)，以更多地了解藝術(shù)在西方世界是如何發(fā)展

的。）可知，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了使用數(shù)學(xué)來(lái)研究繪畫(huà)的方式，故選A項(xiàng)。

（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段There-searchersfurthernotethattodate,moststudies

ofarthistoryhavebeenqualitatively（定性地）based,whichhasledtotheresultswith

prejudice,Toovercomeit,theresearcherswiththisneweffortlooktomathtoseeifitmightbe

usefulinuncoveringfeaturesofpaintingsthathavebeenoverlookedbyhumanscholars.（研

究人員進(jìn)一步指出，迄今為止，大多數(shù)藝術(shù)史研究都是以定性為基礎(chǔ)的，這導(dǎo)致了帶有

偏見(jiàn)的結(jié)果，為了克服它，研究人員以這種新的努力著眼于數(shù)學(xué)，看看它是否可能有助

于揭示被人類學(xué)者忽視的繪畫(huà)特征。）可知，以前的研究是定性研究，帶來(lái)了很多偏見(jiàn)，

而此次的研究人員想要克服偏見(jiàn)，即就是變得更客觀。故選C項(xiàng)。

（3）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段Thedataforeachofthepaintingswasthensentthrough

amathematicalalgorithmthatdrewpartitionsonthedigitalimagesbasedoncontrastingcolors

Theresearchersranthealgorithmoneachpaintingmultipletimes,eachtimecreatingmore

sectionstostudy.（然后通過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)算法發(fā)送每幅畫(huà)的數(shù)據(jù)，該算法根據(jù)對(duì)比色在數(shù)字圖像

上繪制分區(qū)。研究人員在每幅畫(huà)上多次運(yùn)行該算法，每次都會(huì)創(chuàng)建更多的部分進(jìn)行研究。）

可知，該算法是對(duì)于畫(huà)作進(jìn)行分區(qū)研究。故選C項(xiàng)。

（4）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Theresearchersfoundthatoverthepastseveral

hundredyears,paintershavebeenplacingitincreasinglyhigher.Inthe17lhcenlury,lhe

separationbetweenEarthandskydominatedlandscapes-thosedoneinmoremodemtimes,in

sharpcontrast,havethehorizonverynearthetopofthepainting（研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),在過(guò)去的

幾百年里，畫(huà)家們一直把它放得越來(lái)越高。在17世紀(jì)，地球和天空之間的分離主導(dǎo)了

風(fēng)景一那些在更現(xiàn)代的時(shí)期完成的風(fēng)景形成鮮明對(duì)比，地平線非常靠近畫(huà)作的頂部。）

可知，在不同時(shí)期，地平線的位置會(huì)有所不同，所以可以推測(cè)地平線的位置會(huì)隨著時(shí)間

的推移發(fā)生變化，故選A項(xiàng)。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講解了一組研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了如何使用數(shù)學(xué)來(lái)研究繪畫(huà)，即

掃描數(shù)千幅畫(huà)作，然后使用數(shù)學(xué)算法隨著時(shí)間的推移找到它們之間的共同點(diǎn)，以更多地

了解藝術(shù)在西方世界是如何發(fā)展的。

做題時(shí)要通