2023年大學(xué)英語六級(jí)06

Ｗritiｎg(30minuｔes）Ｄｉreｃｔｉｏｎs：Fｏｒtｈiｓｐart,ｙoｕareaｌlowed30minｕteｓtｏwｒitｅａsｈoｒtｅssａyentitlｅdTheCｅｒtificaｔeＣraze．Youｓhouldwｒiｔeaｔleast15０woｒdsfollｏwingｔheoｕtlｉｎegivenbelow.1.現(xiàn)在許多人熱衷于各類證書考試2.其目的各不相同３．在我看來……ＴheCｅｒtｉfiｃatｅCｒａzePａｒtＩＩRｅadｉngComprehension(SｋimmｉｎgandSｃanｎing）(1５miｎutes)Dｉｒeｃtions:Inthiｓpart,yoｕwillhaｖe15miｎutestogoｏvｅrthepasｓagequｉｃｋlｙaｎdansweｒthequestiｏｎｓoｎＡｎswerSｈeet1．Forquestions1-７,ｃｈoosethebｅstａｎｓwerfrｏｍtheｆoｕrchoicｅｓmarkedA)，Ｂ),Ｃ)andD)．Forqｕestionｓ8-10,complｅtetｈesentencｅswiththeｉnfｏrmatioｎgiveｎinｔhｅｐaｓsaｇｅ.MiｎoｒitｙRepｏｒtAmericanuniversｉtiesaｒeacｃeｐtingｍorｅmｉnoritiｅsthanever.Graduａt(yī)ingthｅmisanoｔｈermatter.BarryMills,thepｒesｉdeｎtofBowdoiｎColｌｅge，wasｊustifｉablyproudoｆBowｄoｉn'seｆforｔstorｅcｒuｉtmｉnorｉtyｓtudents.Sinｃe20２3thesmall，elｉtelibeｒalartsschooliｎ"Ifｙoulookatwhoeｎtｅｒscollｅgｅ,itnowlｏoksｌikｅAmerica,"saysHilarｙPenningｔｏn，directoｒofpｏstsecｏnｄaryｐrｏgrａmsfortｈeBｉll&MelindaGａt(yī)eｓFoundatiｏｎ,ｗhiｃhhａｓｃlｏselｙｓtudiｅdenrｏllmenｔpａt(yī)ｔernsｉnhigheｒeducatiｏn．"Ｂutifyｏulｏokaｔwhｏｗaｌksaｃrossｔhestａｇeforadiplｏmａ,ｉt'ｓｓtilllａｒgelythewhite,ｕpper-ｉnｃomｅpopｕlatioｎ."ＴheUｎｉtedStａt(yī)eｓｏnceｈadtｈehiｇheｓｔgraduationｒateofanynａt(yī)ion.Noｗiｔstands10th.ForｔhｅｆirsttimeiｎＡmericａｎhiｓtoｒy,thereiｓtｈeｒiｓkthatｔｈeriｓingｇeneｒａt(yī)ionｗillbｅｌeｓsweｌｌeducateｄthaｎtｈｅpreｖｉousｏne.Thegｒaduａt(yī)ioｎｒａt(yī)ｅａmonｇ25-to34－year-olｄsisnoｂettｅrｔｈａntheraｔeforthｅ55－ｔｏ６4-ｙｅar-oｌdswhoｗeregｏiｎgtｏcolleｇｅｍｏreｔhan30ｙeaｒsａgo.Studiesshowtｈatmoｒeandmｏrepｏorａnｄｎｏn-whiｔestｕdentｓwanｔtoｇrａduaｔｅfromｃｏlｌege–bｕttheiｒgradｕａt(yī)ｉonrａｔeｓｆaｌｌfａｒsｈoｒtofｔｈｅirdrｅａms.Ｔhegraｄuaｔｉｏnｒatｅsforblacks,Lａt(yī)inoｓ，andNativeAmeriｃａnslａｇｆarbehindthegraduatiｏnraｔｅsｆorwhｉtesanｄAsianｓ.AsthｅｍinoｒiｔypopｕｌaｔiongrowｓintｈｅUｎｉtedStaｔｅs,ｌowcolｌegeｇraduatｉonrａt(yī)ｅsｂeｃoｍｅathreａｔtonａt(yī)ionaｌpｒosperiｔｙ.Tｈeproblemisｐrｏｎｏunｃedatｐubｌiｃuniverｓitiｅs．Iｎ2０２3ｔｈeＵniｖｅｒsityｏfＷisconsin－Maｄison–oneoftheｔopfｉveｏｒsoｐrｅstiｇiouspublicuｎiｖersｉtｉeｓ–graduatｅd８1％ｏfitswhｉtｅｓtｕdeｎｔswithinｓiｘyｅarｓ,buｔｏnlｙ56%ｏfiｔsｂｌaｃks.Ａtlｅss-sｅｌectiveｓtatｅｓchooｌs,thenｕmberｓgetｗorse.Duringthesametimefｒａme,ｔheUnｉversitｙofPrivａt(yī)ecollegesａnduniveｒsitiesgeneｒallydobeｔter,paｒtlybeｃausetheyoｆfｅrsmａｌlerｃlasｓｅsａndmｏｒepｅrｓoｎａｌatｔｅｎtioｎ.Ｂutwhｅｎitcｏmestoaｓｉgniｆｉcａntgradｕａｔｉongaｐ,Boｗdｏｉｎhascompａｎy．NｅarbyColｂyCollegelｏgｇｅdan18-pointdifｆerencｅbetweenｗhiteanｄｂｌackgｒaｄuateｓｉn2023ａnd25ｐｏiｎｔｓｉn2023．MidｄlｅburyCｏlｌegeinＶｅrmoｎｔ，ａnothｅｒtoｐschooｌ,hａdａ19-ｐoｉntgapiｎ2023anda２2-ｐoiｎtgapin2023.Tｈｅmｏstselｅｃｔiｖepriｖaｔescｈools–Haｒvaｒd，Yale,aｎdPｒｉnｃeｔoｎ–showalmoｓtnｏgapbeｔweｅnblackaｎｄｗｈitｅgｒaduatiｏnrａｔｅs.Buttｈａt(yī)mayhavemｏｒｅtoｄｏwiｔhtheirabilityｔoselecｔthｅbesｔｓtudents.AccoｒdｉｎｇｔodatagatｈeｒedｂyHarvardLaｗSchｏｏlｐrofeｓｓｏrＬaｎiＧｕiniｅr,themostsｅlｅctivｅsｃhoｏｌsaremoｒelikｅｌｙｔoｃhooseｂlａｃkｓwhohaveatｌeａstonｅiｍmigraｎtparｅｎtｆromAfricaoｒthe＂Higheｒeducationhasbeenaｂleｔodｕckｔｈｉsｉｓsuefｏryｅars，particulａrlyｔｈemｏreselecｔiveschoolｓ，bysaｙingｔherespoｎsibilityｉｓontheindividｕaｌstudｅnt,"saysPenningtonｏfｔheGatesFｏｕｎdaｔｉoｎ."Ifthｅyfail，ｉt＇sｔheirfault."Ｓｏmeｃｒiｔiｃsblameaffirmatiｖeaction–studentsadｍｉtｔｅdwithlowerteｓｔscｏreｓandgｒadeｓｆｒomｓhａkyhighschooｌｓoftenｓｔruｇgｌeaｔelitesｃhools.Bｕｔaｂiｇgerpｒoblemmaybｅthａt(yī)pｏorhighｓchoolｓｏftensendtheiｒｓtudeｎtstoｃoｌｌeｇesfoｒwhicｈtheyare＂ｕndｅrmatched":thｅyｃｏuｌdgｅtｉｎtomoreeｌｉｔe,richerｓchｏols,butiｎｓtｅaｄgoｔocoｍmuniｔycolleｇeｓａnｄlow－ratedｓｔateschoolsｔhaｔlacktheresoｕrcestohｅlpthem.Ｓｏｍeｓchooｌｓｏutfoｒpｒｏfitｃynｉcａllyｉncreasｅtuitｉonsandｃouｎtonｓtudentｌoａnｓandfedｅralaｉdｔｏfoｏtthebill–knowingfｕllwellｔｈatthesｔudentswon'tｍaｋeit.＂Ｔhescｈｏolkｅe(cuò)psthemonｅy,buｔｔｈeｋｉｄｌeaｖeswｉtｈloadｓofdebtandnodegrｅe(cuò)andnoａbiｌｉｔytogｅtabetterjｏb.Cｏlｌeｇｅsarｅnotholdinｇupｔheiｒend,"sayｓＡmyWｉlkiｎsoftｈeEｄｕｃａt(yī)ioｎTrust.Acoｌlegeeducａt(yī)ionｉsｇettingeveｒmｏreexpensｉve.Since１9８2tuiｔｉonｓhavebｅe(cuò)nrisingatrｏughlyｔｗicetherａt(yī)eofｉnflation．In2０23theｎetcostofattｅndingafｏuｒ－yｅarpublicｕniｖersity–afterfinanciａｌaｉd–equａｌed２8%ofmediａn(中間的)familｙｉncｏme，wｈileａfoｕr-ｙearprivａt(yī)euｎiversiｔycost76％oｆmeｄiaｎfａmilｙincｏme．Moreandmorescｈｏlarshｉpｓarｅbaseｄoｎｍerit,notｎeｅd.Poｏrｅrstudeｎｔsarenotalwaysthebｅsｔ-infoｒmｅｄｃｏnsｕmers．Ｏfteｎtheywindupdｅe(cuò)plyindebtorsimplyuｎaｂlｅtｏｐayａfterａyearortwoａndmｕstdｒopout.Thereoｎcｅｗasatｉmｅｗｈeｎuniveｒsitiｅstooｋｐｒideintｈｅirdｒopoutrates.Profesｓｏrsｗouｌdｂeｇｉｎthｅyearbysaｙｉng,"Looktｏtheｒｉｇｈｔａndloｏｋtotｈelefｔ．Ｏnｅofyouiｓnotｇoingtｏbｅherｅbｙtｈeendoftheyeaｒ."ButsuchaDarwｉnianｓｐiｒitisbegｉnｎinｇｔogiｖewayａsａt(yī)ｌeaｓtａfｅwcolｌｅgesｆaceupｔoｔｈegraｄｕａｔiongａｐ.AｔtheUｎｉverｓityofWｉscｏnsｉn-Ｍａdison,ｔhegaphasbeenｒｏughｌyhalvedovｅｒthｅlastｔhreeyearｓ.Theuniｖerｓｉtyhasｐoｕredｒesoｕｒcesinｔopｅe(cuò)ｒｃounselinｇｔoheｌpｓｔudｅntｓfromｉnｎｅr-ｃｉtyｓchｏolsadjusｔtotherigor（嚴(yán)格規(guī)定）anｄfasｔerｐacｅofaunｉvｅrsityclasｓroom–ａndalsｏtohｅlｐmｉnoriｔystｕdentsｏvｅrcomethestereotｙpethattheyarｅlｅｓsqualiｆied.Wｉscｏnsinhaｓa"lａｓerｌikefoｃus"oｎbｕiｌｄiｎｇｕpstudentsｋillｓinｔhefｉrstｔhｒeemｏnｔｈs,acｃorｄinｇtoviceprｏvｏst(教務(wù)長(zhǎng))DamoｎＷｉｌｌiａｍｓ.Ｓｔａt(yī)eａnｄfｅｄｅrａlｇovernｍｅntscoulｄｓharｐeｎtｈａt(yī)focuｓｅｖerywhｅrｅｂyｂrｏａdlypublishingmｉnoriｔｙｇraduａt(yī)ioｎrates.FｏrｙearsｐrｉｖatecｏｌlegesｓｕchaｓＰｒｉncetｏnandMIThａvehadsuccesｓbｒingingｍiｎorｉｔiesoｎｔocampusｉｎtｈesuｍmerbeforefreshmanyeａrtogｉvethemsoｍｅpreparatoryｃｏurses．Ｔheneｗertrendisｔoｓtarｔrｅｃruitｉｎgpooｒａndnon－whｉtesｔuｄｅntsａsearlｙａsthesevｅnthｇrade,usinginｎovativｅtoｏlstｏiｄenｔifykidswiｔhsｏphｉsticateｄｖerｂalsｋilｌs.Suchpｒｏgramscanbｅe(cuò)xpeｎsｉvｅ,oｆｃｏｕrｓe,butｃheapcｏｍpａｒeｄwiththemilｌｉoｎｓalｒeadｙiｎvｅstｅｄinscｈｏlarｓhｉpｓaｎdｇranｔsforkｉｄｓｗhｏhavｅlittｌecｈaｎcｅtogradｕateｗｉtｈoutspeciａlｓｕｐｐoｒt.Witｈefｆortａｎｄmoney,ｔhｅgraｄuaｔiongａpcaｎｂecｌoｓeｄ.ＷashingｔｏnandＬｅe(cuò)isａsmall,ｓｅleｃtiveｓｃhoolｉnＬｅxingtoｎ,Vａ.Itｓstuｄｅnｔbodyisleｓsｔhan5%blackａndleｓsthａn2%Lａt(yī)ino.Whilethｅsｃhｏolusuallygraｄｕatｅdabout90%ofiｔｓwｈiｔｅs,thegradｕaｔionrａt(yī)eofitｓblacksandLａt(yī)inoｓhaddippedto6３％bｙ20２３."Ｗeｗenｔｔhｒoughaｄｒamaticshiｆt，"sayｓＤawｎWaｔkｉns,tｈｅvicepresｉdentforsｔｕdeｎｔａffairs.Theｓｃhoｏｌaggrｅssｉvelypushedmｅnｔｏring(輔導(dǎo))ｏｆminoｒiｔiｅsｂyotherstｕdｅnｔsanｄ"ｐaｒtneｒinｇ"ｗiｔhpａrentsatａspｅciａlpre-enrｏlｌmeｎtsession.Thｅsｃhｏolｈａditｓfiｒsｔ-everblａｃkｈomeｃoming.Lastｓpringtheｓｃｈoｏlgｒaｄｕaｔｅｄｔｈesａｍeｐrｏportiｏnoｆminoriｔiesasitｄiｄwhiteｓ.Ｉftｈe注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。1．Whatiｓｔｈeauthor'sｍaｉncｏnｃernaboｕtAmerｉcanｈigｈereducatiｏn?A）Ｔhesｍaｌlpｒｏpｏrtiｏnoｆｍinoｒiｔyｓtudents.B）Tｈeloｗgradｕａt(yī)ｉonraｔeｓｏfmiｎｏrityｓｔuｄｅnｔs.C）Tｈegｒｏｗｉｎgcｏnfｌictsamonｇethｎicｇroups．Ｄ)Thepoｏracadｅmicperｆormanｃeｏｆｓｔudenｔs.2．WhatwaｓｔhｅprｉdｅofPｒesidｅntBarryMilｌsoｆＢｏｗdoinＡ)Theprestiｇeofiｔslｉberａlaｒtsprogｒams.Ｂ)ItsｒankｉngamongunivｅｒsitｉeｓinMaiｎｅ.Ｃ）Tｈeｈiｇhgrａdｕatｉonratesｏfｉｔssｔudents.D)Itsincrｅasedｅｎrollmentofminoritystｕdents.3.ＷhatistherｉskfacingAmerｉｃａ?A)Iｔsscｈoolswｉｌlbeovｅrwhelmedbytheｇrowingｎumbｅｒoｆｉllegaliｍmｉgranｔs.B)Therisiｎggeｎerａt(yī)ionwillbｅleｓswelleducatｅdthａnthｅpreｖiousｏne．C）Ｍorepoorandnｏn-whiteｓtuｄentｓwilｌｂeｄｅnｉedacceｓstocollｅge.D)Itisgｏingｔolｏseiｔｓcｏmpeｔitiveedgeinhigheredｕcatioｎ.4.HｏwmａnyAfriｃａn-AmeriｃaｎstudentsearｎeｄｔheiｒdegreｅsinCaｌｉfｏrniａcomｍuniｔycoｌlegesaccordｉｎgtoaｒecenｔrevieｗ？A)Fifty－sixpｅｒｃent.C）Fifteｅｎｐercent.B)Ｔｈiｒty-niｎｅｐeｒcent.D)Sixty-seｖenpｅrｃent.5.Hａrvaｒd,Yale,ａｎdPrｉncｅtoｎshowalmosｔnogapbetweenbｌａckandｗhitegraduaｔionｒａt(yī)esmaｉnlyｂecause.A)theirsｔudentsworｋhａｒderC)theiｒcｌａssesaregenｅrallysmａlｌerB)thｅyｒecｒuiｔthｅｂeｓtstudentｓD)ｔheygｉvestｕｄentsmoｒeattenｔion6.HoｗdoｅsＡmyWilｋinsofｔheEdｕcａｔioｎTｒusｔviewmｉnｏriｔystudeｎts'fａｉlureｔoｇｅtadeｇｒee?A)Unｉverｓitiesaretoblamｅ.Ｂ）Sｔｕdｅnｔsdon＇twoｒkhard.C)Ｔｈegｏvｅrnmｅnｔfaｉlsｔoprｏｖideｔｈeｎｅcessaｒｙsｕpｐort.D)Affｉrmatｉveａctiｏnsｈouldｂehｅlｄrｅｓpｏnsiblｅ.７.Wｈyｄosｏmestｕｄentsｄropｏuｔafterａyearorｔwoacｃordingtotｈｅauthｏr?A)Theyｈavelostcｏnfidenceinthemｓelves.B）Thｅycannotafｆｏｒdthehightuiｔiｏｎ.C)Theycanｎoｔaｄaｐttotheｒｉgｏrofｔｈescｈool．D）Tｈeyfａiltoｄevelopinｔerestinｔheirsｔudies.8.Tｏtａckletheproｂlemｏfgraｄuatｉongａp,theUniveｒsitｙｏfWiｓcoｎsin-Madｉsoｎhｅlｐsmiｎｏｒiｔystｕｄｅntｓgetoｖerｔｈeｓteｒeotypｅthaｔ__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_.9.Ｆoryｅaｒｓ,pｒivatecｏllegｅssuchasPrincetｏnandMIThａveprｏviｄedmｉnorｉtｙｓtudeｎtswiｔh_______duriｎｇtｈeｓummeｒｂeforefreshmanyear.10.ＷaｓhingtonanｄLeePartＩIIListenｉnｇCompｒeｈension(35minuteｓ）SｅctioｎA(yù)Direcｔiｏns:Ｉnｔhｉssｅcｔｉｏn,youwｉlｌhｅａr8shorｔcoｎversatiｏnｓaｎd2lonｇｃonｖersaｔioｎｓ.Attｈｅe(cuò)ｎdofeaｃhｃonversaｔion,oneormｏrequｅstionswｉlｌbｅaｓkeｄaboutｗｈatwaｓsaiｄ.Ｂoｔhthｅcｏnveｒsationａｎdｔhequeｓｔionswｉllbespokenonlyonｃe．Afterｅachqueｓｔionｔherｅｗiｌｌbeapａuｓe.Ｄuringｔheｐａusｅ,yｏumｕｓtrｅadthefｏｕｒｃｈoicesmarｋedＡ）,B),Ｃ)aｎｄD），anddeｃiｄewhｉchistｈeｂestanｓwer.TheｎmａrkthｅcorrｅｓｐonｄingｌetteroｎA(yù)ｎsweｒＳheet2ｗiｔｈａsiｎgｌｅlinｅthroughthｅｃeｎtre.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。11.A)Sｈewillgiｖｅhｉmｔhereceiｐｔlater.B)Themansｈoｕｌdmaｋehｉsｏｗnｃopies.C)Shehasnotgotthｅｍan'scopｉesreａdy.D）Thｅｍaｎfｏrgｏtｔomaｋeｔhｅｃoｐieｓfｏrher．1２.Ａ)ShｅphｏｎedFｒｅdabouｔthebook.C)SheｒaｎiｎtoFrｅdonherｗａyherｅ.B)Shewaｓlatefｏｒtheappoiｎtment.D）Ｓhｅoftenkeｅｐsｏtherpeｏｐlewaitiｎｇ．13.Ａ)MａrｋisnotfittotａkechaｒgeoftheStuｄentUｎion.B)Marｋisｔhebestcaｎdｉdatｅfｏrtheposｔｏfｃhairman.Ｃ)Iｔwon'tbeeaｓyfoｒMarktｏwintheelｅcｔioｎ.D）Ｆeｍaleｓareｍoｒｅcompetｉtivetｈanmalｅsinelecｔiｏns.1４．Ａ）Ｉtｆailｅdtoarｒｉveaｔｉtsdestinａt(yī)ioninｔｉｍe.Ｂ)Itgoｔseriｏuslｙdamａgedontｈewaｙ．C)ItgotlostatｔheairpｏrｔｉnPariｓ.D)Iｔｗａsleftbehindiｎthｅhｏtｅl.15.A)Jusｔｍakeuｓeofwhａt(yī)eｖｅrinfoｒmａｔｉｏnisａｖailabｌe.B)Pｕtｍoreｅffｏrｔｉnｔｏpｒｅｐariｎgforthepｒｅｓｅntaｔion.C)Fｉｎｄmｏｒerelevaｎtinｆorｍａｔｉonfortｈeiｒwoｒk.Ｄ)Ｓimpｌyraｉseｔheｉｓsueinｔheiｒprｅsｅｎtａt(yī)ioｎ.16.A)ＴheｍanhaｓdecidedtｏｃhooseLaｎguaｇeStudiesａshismajoｒ.B)Theｗomaniｓn'tinterｅstｅdinthepsycｈｏｌogyoflangｕａge.Ｃ）Themaniｓstｉｌｌtrｙiｎgtｏsigｎupfｏrtｈeｃoｕrseheiｓintｅresｔｅｄin.D)Tｈewomaniｓn'tｑuａlifieｄtotaketｈecourｓｅｔheｍanｍentｉoｎed．17.A）Ｔheyaｒebothtoblame.Ｂ）Ｔheyaｒeｂｏthｅasｙtopleaｓe.C)Theｙcanmａnagetogｅｔａlonｇ.D)Ｔheywillmakepeａceｉntime.１8.Ａ)Theyareinｄｅsｐｅｒateｎeｅdｏffiｎancialassiｓtａnｃｅ．B)Ｔheyhopetodomｉracleswｉthliｍｉtｅｄresouｒcｅs.C)Ｔheyｗanttoborrowahｕgｅｓumfromtheｂaｎｋ.D）Thｅｙplantoｂuyouttheｉrbusineｓｓpartnｅｒs.Questioｎｓ19tｏ２２arebasedｏnthecoｎveｒsａｔionyoｕhaｖejｕsｔhearｄ.１9.Ａ)Wesiｍpｌycａnｎothelｐrｅactingiｎｓtinctｉｖeｌｙｔｈaｔway.B)Wewishtohideourinｄifferencetoｔｈeiｒｍｉsfortune.C)Ｗederｉvｅsｏｍeｈumoｒｏussatisｆacｔiｏｎfromtheiｒmisｆoｒtunｅ.D)Wethinkｉtservｅsthemrigｈｔｆorbeingmｅantoothｅｒpeoｐle．２0.A)Theywaｎttoｓhoｗthｅirｇeｎuiｎesympathｙ.Ｂ）Ｔheyhavｅhadsiｍｉlarpｅｒｓonalexｐｅrieｎces.C)Thｅydon＇ｔknowｈｏwtｏcopewitｈｔhesｉtｕatioｎ.Ｄ）Ｔheyｄｏn'twａntｔoreｖｅalthｅirownfrustratiｏｎ.21．A）Thｅｙtheｍseｌｖesｗｏｕldｌｉketodoitｂutdon'tｄareto．B)Ｉt'ｓａnopｐoｒtunityｆｏｒrelieｖｉｎgtheｉｒｔeｎsion.C)It'ｓａｒarechancｅfｏrthemtoseｅthebosslosefａce.D)Theyｈavｅsｅe(cuò)nthｉsｍａnｙｔimesinoldfilmｓ.２2.A）Tｏirritａｔｅｔhem.C)Tｏrelｉeｖｅherfeelingｓ.B)Totｅachthemalｅssｏn.D)Ｔoshowhercouragｅ.Quesｔions２３ｔo25aｒebasedontheconveｒsaｔionyｏuhａｖｅｊusｔheard.23.Ａ）SmｕgglｉngdrugsinｔoHongKoｎg.Ｃ)Ｓtealingａfelｌoｗpaｓｓengｅr'sｂａg.B)Hａvinｇｃommｉttｅｄarmedｒobberｙ.D)BｒｉnｇｉngahandgｕninｔoHongKｏng.2４.A)Hesａidｎotasinｇlewoｒdduringtheentireｆlight.B)ＨetｏokawayKumar'ｓbagｇａｇewｈilehｅwasａsｌｅｅp．C）HｅwaｓtraｖeｌlｉngonaｓchｏlarｓhiｐｆromＤeｌhiD)HｅisｓｕspectedoｆhaviｎgｓlippｅdsomethinginＫｕmaｒ'sbａg.25．Ａ)Giｖｅhｉｍalｉft.C)Cｈｅｃｋthepassengerlisｔ.B)FindＡlfrｅdFｏster.D)Searｃhallsuｓpiｃｉouscａｒs.SecｔionBDirectionｓ:Ｉnｔhissecｔiｏn,youwｉllhear3shoｒｔpａｓsageｓ.Attheeｎｄofeａchpａssａｇｅ,youwillhｅaｒｓｏmeｑueｓtｉons．Ｂｏththeｐassaｇeandthequeｓtiｏnsｗillｂeｓpｏｋenoｎｌyonｃe．Aftｅryouｈeaｒaqｕestｉｏn，yｏuｍｕｓtｃhoｏsｅthebｅｓtanswerfromtheｆourcｈoicesmarkedＡ）,B),C)anｄD).ThenmａrｋｔhｅcｏrreｓpｏndｉｎｇｌｅｔtｅrｏnＡnswerSheｅt2wｉthasinglｅlｉnｅthroughtheｃentre.注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。ＰassaｇｅＯnｅＱuesｔioｎs26tｏ28aｒｅｂasedoｎthepassagｅyｏuhaｖｅｊｕstheard.26.A)Tｈeｙtｈinｋtraｖeｌhasｂｅｃoｍeａt(yī)rｅnd.B)Tｈeｙthiｎktrａveｌgｉvestｈemtheirｍonｅy'sworth.C)Theｙfiｎdmanyｏfthebanｋsunｔrustworthy.Ｄ)Tｈｅyｌacktｈeexpｅrtｉｓｅｔｏmａｋecaｐitalinｖestmenｔs.27．Ａ)Ｌoweｒｔｈeｉrprｉceｓtoattrａctmorecｕstomerｓ．B)Intｒoduｃetravｅlｐacｋagesforｙoungtravｅlers.C)Ｄesiｇnprｏgraｍsｔａｒgｅtedａt(yī)rｅtiredcouｐｌes.Ｄ）Ｌaunchａnewpｒograｍoｆadventurｅtripｓ．28.A)Therｏleoftｒａvelａgｅnｔs.Ｃ)Ｔhenuｍberofｌast-mｉnuｔeｂooｋiｎｇｓ.Ｂ）Tｈewaypeopｌeｔｒavel.D)Ｔhｅpriceｓofpolarexpｅditions.PaｓsaｇeTｗｏＱｕesｔionｓ29tｏ31aｒeｂaｓeｄontｈepａssageyouhavejustheａrd．２9.A)Ｔhｅolｄsｔｅｒeoｔypesabｏutmeｎａｎdwoｍen．Ｂ)Tｈeｃhanginｇroleｓｐlayeｄbymeｎanｄwomen.C）Thｅｄivisionoflａboｒbeｔwｅｅnmｅnandwoｍｅn．D)Ｔhewｉdesprｅadprejｕdiｃeagａｉnstｗomen.30.A)Offermoｒｅcｒeａt(yī)ivｅandpｒacｔiｃalidｅasthａnmｅn.Ｂ）Askｑueｓｔionｓｔhatoftenleaｄtoｃontroveｒsy.C）Speａkｌoudlyenoughtoattｒactatteｎtion.D)Raisｅissueｓoｎｂehaｌfｏfｗomen.3１.A)Ｔopｒovｅthaｔshecｏｕldearnｈerlivingasａgaｒｄenｅｒ.B）Ｔｏｓhｏwthaｔwomenareｍorehａrｄworｋｉngthanmｅｎ.C)Ｔoｓhowｔｈａｔwｏmenarｅｃａpａbleofdoingwhatmeｎdｏ.D)Tｏpｒovethａt(yī)sheｗasreallｙｉｒritａｔｅｄwithherhｕsband.ＰassageThrｅe(cuò)Questｉoｎｓ３2to35aｒeｂａsｅdonｔｈeｐａssaｇeyouｈavｅｊustｈearｄ．３2.Ａ)Covｅrｉngmajoreventsoftｈedaｙinｔhecitｙ.B）ReportｉngcrimｉnaloｆｆenseｓinＧrｅe(cuò)nｖille.C)Ｈｕnｔingneｗsｆoｒtheｄailｙｈeａｄliｎｅｓ.D)Wriｔingarｔiｃｌesonfaｍｉlｙｖiolence.３3.A）Itisamuchsaｆerｐｌaceｔhanitusedｔobe．B)Rａpesrarｅlyoｃcuriｎtｈeｄoｗntowｎaｒeas.C)Aｓsaultｓoftenｈaｐpenonｓchooｌcampuses．Ｄ)Ithasfeｗｅrvｉolentcｒimｅsthanbigcitｉes．34.A)Thereareａwideｒanｇｅｏfcaｓes．B）Theyａｒevｅrydesｔructive.C)Therehａsbeeｎａｒiseinｓuchｃｒimes.D)Ｔｈeyhavearousedfeａraｍｏngthereｓiｄｅnts.35.A)Writeaｂｏutｓomｅｔhingpｌeasａnt.C)Ｏfｆeｒｈelｐtocrimevictims.B）Ｄosomereseａrchｏnｌｏｃalpｏlitics.Ｄ）Wｏｒｋaｓanｅwspaｐereditoｒ.SｅｃtiｏnCDiｒｅctiｏｎs:Intｈisseｃtion，yoｕwillｈｅａｒapassａgethreｅtｉmeｓ．Wheｎtｈｅpaｓsagｅiｓｒeaｄｆortheｆirｓttime，yｏushoｕｌdｌｉstｅncaｒｅfuｌlｙforitsgeneraliｄea．Wｈeｎｔhepassageiｓrｅａdfｏrthｅsecｏndtiｍe，yoｕarereqｕiredｔofｉｌlintｈeｂlanksｎｕmｂeredfrｏｍ36to4３wiｔhtheｅxacｔworｄｓyoｕhａvｅｊustheard.Foｒblanksｎumberedｆroｍ４4ｔo46ｙouarerequiｒｅdｔofillｉnｔｈeｍissingiｎｆｏｒmaｔion.Fortheseblanks,yoｕｃaneithｅruｓｅtheexacｔworｄsyoｕhａｖejustｈｅarｄorwritｅdｏｗntｈｅmainｐoｉｎtsinyourowｎｗorｄs.Finａｌly,ｗhenｔhepaｓsageisreadfortｈetｈirdtime,youｓhouｌdchecｋwhatyｏuhａvｅwriｔtｅｎ．注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。ＩｎA(yù)ｍerica，peｏpｌearefaceｄwｉtｈmｏreandmoredｅcｉsiｏnｓeverｙday,whethｅrｉt'sｐickinｇoneof31iｃecrｅａm(36)＿＿＿＿_(dá)orｄecｉdｉngｗhethｅrandｗhenｔogetmarried.Thatsｏuｎdslikｅagrｅattｈing.Bｕｔasaｒeｃｅnｔstｕdyｈａsshoｗn,tｏoｍanychoicescａｎmakeus(37)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá),unhappｙ–ｅvenparａｌyzedwｉthｉndeｃisｉoｎ.Ｔhat'ｓ(3８)_____ｔrｕewｈenitcｏmestothｅwoｒkplace,saysＢaｒryScｈｗartz,anauthｏrofsiｘbｏoksaｂouthuman（39)＿_(dá)___.Ｓtuｄｅntsaregｒａduaｔinｇwithａ（40）_＿_(dá)__ofｓkillsaｎdinterests,bｕｔoftenfｉndｔhemsｅlveｓ（41)_＿_(dá)＿＿wheniｔcｏmeｓｔochoosiｎgａnultｉmatｅcareｅrｇoａｌ．Ｉnastudy，Schwａrtzoｂserveddecisｉｏn-mａkｉnｇamｏｎｇcolｌeｇeｓtudenｔｓｄuｒinｇtheiｒ（42)_____yeａr．Basｅdonanｓwerstｏquesｔionsｒｅgaｒdiｎgtｈeirjｏｂ-ｈunting(43)＿＿＿_(dá)_andcaｒeerｄecisｉons,hｅdivｉdedthesｔｕdentsinｔotwｏgｒoｕps：＂ｍaximizｅｒs＂ｗｈｏconsideｒeverｙpossibｌeoptｉｏn，and"satisfｉcｅrｓ"ｗｈoｌoｏｋuｎtｉlthｅyfinｄanopｔiｏｎthatiｓｇｏodenｏｕgh.Ｙｏumiｇhtｅxｐectthaｔtheｓｔudｅntｓ(44）__＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)_______＿＿＿_(dá)＿.Buｔｉｔtｕrnｓｏｕttｈat'snotｔrｕe.Ｓchwarｔｚfoundtｈａｔwhiｌｅmaｘｉmizeｒｓｅndeｄｕpwitｈbｅttｅrｐａyiｎgjobstｈａnｓatisficerｓoｎavｅragｅ,tｈeyweren'tａshappｙwiｔhtｈeirdeciｓion.Tｈｅreason(４5)____＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)_______.Ｗhｅnｙoulｏokatｅveryｐossibleoptｉon,yoｕtｅndtofoｃusｍｏrｅonwhatwaｓgivenupthａｎwhａｔwasｇaiｎed.Aｆtｅrsurveyingｅvｅrｙｏptiｏn,(46)_＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)___________＿＿＿_(dá)_.ＰartIVReadiｎgComprｅｈension(ＲｅａdinginDeｐth)（2５miｎutes)SectioｎA(yù)Dｉrectｉoｎs:Iｎthｉsseｃｔｉon,tｈeｒeisａsｈortpａｓsageｗｉth5questiｏnsｏrｉnｃｏmplｅｔestatｅments．Ｒeａdtｈeｐassagecaｒｅｆully．Thenansｗerthｅquestionsoｒcomｐlｅtetｈｅｓtatｅｍｅｎtｓinｔhefewestpoｓsｉblewords.PleasewriteｙoｕrａnswerｓｏnＡnswｅrSheｅｔ2．Quesｔioｎｓ４7ｔo51areｂasedonthefｏｌlｏwingpassａgｅ.Ｈowgooｄaｒeyouaｔsaｙing"nｏ＂？Fｏrｍany,ｉt'ｓsurpｒｉｓｉnｇlyｄifficulｔ.Thiｓｉsesｐeciａllyｔrueofｅｄitoｒs,ｗhoｂynatureｔeｎｄtobeeagerａｎdeｎgagedparticipantsineverythiｎｇtheyｄo.Coｎsiｄertｈesesｃｅnａrｉos:It'slａt(yī)eｉｎtｈeｄay.Thatfront-paｇeｐaｃkａgeyou＇vebｅe(cuò)ｎworｋiｎgonisneaｒｌｙcｏmpleｔe；oｎeｌａsteditａndｉｔ＇ｓfinished.Enterthｅe(cuò)xecutiveediｔoｒ,whomaｋesasuｇｇestioｎreｑuiｒingamoｒe-thａｎ-ｍodestrearrａｎｇementofthedesignａｎdthｅaddiｔｉonofaｎiｎformatiｏnbox.Youwantｔｏsｃｒeam:"Ｎo！Ｉt'ｓdｏne!＂Wｈatdoyｏudｏ?Ｔheｆｉｒsｔｒuleoｆｓayinｇnotothebosｓiｓｄｏn'tｓａyno.Ｓｈeprobａblyｈassomethingｉnmｉndwheｎｓｈeｍaｋeｓsｕｇｇeｓｔionｓ,andit＇ｓuptｏｙoutofｉｎｄoutｗhat.Tｈesecoｎdｒuleｉsｄon＇trａｉseｔｈestakesbyｃhalｌengingherauthoritｙ.Thaｔissueiｓａlｒeａdyｄｅｃｉｄeｄ.Ｔhethirdrｕleisｔｏbereａｄｙｔoｃｉtｅoptioｎsａｎdcｏnsｅｑuenceｓ.Theｂoｓs'sｓｕggｅｓtiｏnsmiｇhｔｂeappｒopriaｔe,buttheｒearｅaｌｗayscoｎsｅquencｅs.Sheｍightｎotkｎowaｂｏｕtthepageｓbaｃkingupthaｔnｅｅdａt(yī)tenｔioｎ,oｒaｂoｕttｈｅdesiｇneｒwhohａdtoｇｏhｏmｅsiｃk.Tellhersｈｅｃaｎhａvewhatshewａnts，bｕtexplaｉｎｔheｃｏnseqｕｅnｃeｓ.Ｕnderｓtanｄwhaｔshe＇stｒｙingtｏａccoｍｐｌiｓhandpｒoposeaＰl(wèi)anBthａｔwillｍakeithapｐenｗithoutｄeｓtroｙinｇwhatyou＇vedoneｓofar．Ｈere'sanｏtｈerｃase.Ｙourlｅast-fａｖｏｒｉterepｏrtersｕggestsａｄumbstoryideａ.Tｈisoneｓhoｕldbeeａsy,bｕtit'snｏｔ.Ifyousaynｏ,evenpolｉｔｅly,ｙouｒiskｉnhibiｔinｇfｕrｔherideａｓ，ｎotjｕstfromｔhaｔreportｅｒ,butfrｏmothｅｒｓwhoheardthaｔyｏutuｒneddownｔhｅｉdeａ.Ｔhisscｅnaｒiｏisｃoｍｍoniｎnｅwsｒoｏｍｓthatlaｃｋasｙstemaｔｉcｗａytofｉltｅrstoryｓｕｇｇestiｏｎｓ.Twostepsaｒenｅcｅssaｒy.Ｆｉrst，ｙounｅe(cuò)ｄａsｙstemfoｒhowsｔｏｒieｓarｅproposedandrｅvｉewed.Ｒｅpｏrｔersｃantolｅratereｊeｃtｉonofｔｈeiriｄeasifｔｈeｙbelｉeveｔｈeｙweregｉvｅnafaｉrhｅarinｇ.Yoｕrｇuｔrｅaｃtiｏn(本能反映）anｄdisｍissivｅrejecｔｉｏn,evenｏfaworthleｓｓiｄea,mighｔnｏtqualｉｆyａｓsystematｉcorfａｉｒ.Ｓｅｃoｎd，theｐeopleyouｗorkwiｔhneedtonegｏtiaｔea＂Whatif．..?"ａgreｅmeｎtcovｅrｉnｇ＂Whａt(yī)ifmｙiｄｅaｉstｕｒｎeddown？"Hｏwａrｅpｅｏｐlｅｅxｐeｃteｄtoreacｔ?Isｔheｒeanapｐｅalprocｅsｓ?Canthｅyreｆinｅthｅiｄeaanｄｒesubｍiｔit?Byantiｃiｐatｉnｇ"Wｈatif...?"siｔuａｔiｏnsbeforetheyhappen,youcanｒｅacｈuｎderstandingｔｈａｔｗiｌｌhelpeaｓeyｏuoutｏfconfronｔａt(yī)iｏns．47．Inｓteａdofdiｒectlysayiｎｇnotoｙourboss，ｙｏｕｓhouｌdｆｉｎｄouｔ＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)__＿＿_(dá).48.Thｅauthor'ssecondwａrnｉngｉｓthatｗｅｓhouldavoiｄrunniｎｇagreateｒriskby__＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_＿＿.４９．Oｎeｗayｏfrｅsｐｏndｉngtoyｏurboss＇ssuggeｓtｉｏnistｏexplaiｎthe_______＿＿_(dá)ｔoherandoｆferaｎalterｎativeｓｏlｕｔｉｏn.50.Tｏensuｒｅｆａirnesstｏreporｔerｓ,itiｓｉｍｐortanｔtosｅtｕpasysｔｅmｆｏrstｏｒiesto_＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)．５１.Peoｐｌｅwholeａrnｔoａntｉｃiｐate"Ｗhａt(yī)if...?"sitｕationsｗiｌlbeabｌetｏrｅａcｈuｎdｅrｓｔanｄinｇandavoｉd__＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá).SectionBDirections：Ｔhｅｒeaｒｅ2pａｓsageｓiｎｔhｉssｅction.Ｅaｃｈpassａgｅisfｏllowｅdbysｏmeqｕｅｓtionsorunfiｎishedstａｔｅments.FoｒeacｈoｆthemｔheｒearｅfourchoiceｓmarkedA），B),C）aｎdD).YoｕｓhoulddｅcidｅonｔｈebestchoiｃｅandｍarkthecｏrrｅspondiｎｇleｔteronAｎswｅrSｈｅe(cuò)ｔ2withasｉngleｌiｎetｈrｏuｇｈtｈeｃeｎtrｅ.PasｓaｇeOｎeQueｓtions5２ｔo56aｒebasｅdoｎthｅfollowingpasｓagｅ.Aｔthehearｔofthｅdeｂａｔeoverillｅｇalimmｉgrａt(yī)ionliesｏnekeyｑuｅstｉon：areimｍigraｎtsgｏodoｒbadfoｒtheeconomy?ＴhｅAmｅricanpublicｏverｗhelmｉｎglyｔｈinｋsthey'rｅbａd．Yetｔｈｅconsenｓusａmongmosteｃｏnｏmｉｓtsistｈatiｍｍｉgrａt(yī)ion,bothlegａlaｎdｉlｌegａｌ，providesaｓmaｌlneｔboosttｏthｅe(cuò)cｏnomｙ．Immｉｇrantsprovidｅcheａpｌaｂｏr,ｌowerthｅpricesofeverｙthingfromfａrｍproduｃetoｎｅwhｏmes，anｄleavｅｃonsuｍerswithalittleｍoremoｎeｙｉnthｅｉrpｏckets.Sowhyiｓtheresucｈadiscreｐancｙbetweｅntheperｃeptionoｆiｍmｉgraｎts＇impactonｔheeconoｍyandｔｈｅrｅalｉty?Thereareaｎumbｅroｆfamiｌｉarｔheoｒieｓ．Somearｇuｅtｈatｐeopleａｒeanｘｉoｕsandｆeelthreａt(yī)enedbyaninｆlｏｗofnewwｏrkers.Otheｒshｉghlｉghtthｅｓtraiｎｔhａｔundocumentｅdｉmmigｒantsｐlaｃeoｎpuｂlicｓervｉｃeｓ,ｌikｅｓchoolｓ,hospiｔalｓ,aｎdjaｉls.Ｓtillotｈｅｒｓemphａsizｅtheｒoｌeofｒace，ａｒguingthａｔｆorｅignerｓaddtｏtｈenation'sfeａｒsａndinsecｕritieｓ.Thｅrｅ'ｓsoｍeｔruthtoalｌtｈｅseeｘpｌａnations,buttheyａrｅn'tquiｔｅsuｆficｉｅnt．Togｅtabetterunderｓtａnｄｉngofｗhat'sgoingon,conｓiderthewayｉmmiｇｒatioｎ'siｍpaｃtｉｓfeｌt.Ｔhｏugｈitｓｏvｅralleffectmａybｅposｉｔｉve,itｓcｏｓｔsaｎｄbeneｆiｔsaredｉstrｉbutedｕnevenly.ＤaviｄCard,aneconomistaｔＵCBerkeley,nｏtesthaｔｔheonｅｓwhｏprofｉｔmostdｉrectｌyfrｏmimmigrants'low-ｃostlaｂorａｒｅbuｓinessｅsaｎdemplｏyers–meatｐａckinｇplanｔsiｎNebraｓka,fｏrinstance,orａgriｃulturａlbusｉnｅssesｉnＣaliforｎia.Ｇrａntｅd，ｔheｓｅpｒoduｃｅrs'ｓavingｓprｏbａｂｌytranｓlａt(yī)ｅintｏloｗerｐｒicｅsattｈｅｇrｏceｒｙsｔore,butｈowmaｎycｏｎsumerｓｍakｅtｈａt(yī)menｔalｃonｎectｉoｎatthecheｃkｏutcounter?Asfｏrtheｄraｗｂacｋｓoｆillegalｉmｍｉgraｔiｏn,ｔｈｅｓe,too，ａrecｏnｃentrated.Ｎaｔiｖeｌow-sｋｉlledworｋerssｕffermostfrｏmtｈecomｐetｉｔｉｏnｏfｆｏreignlａbor.AccoｒdiｎｇtｏasｔudybｙGeoｒｇeBｏｒjaｓ，aHarvaｒdeconoｍist,immigrａt(yī)ionｒeducｅdthewaｇesｏfAｍeｒicaｎｈiｇh-sｃｈoｏldroｐoｕtsｂｙ９%betwｅe(cuò)n1980－2023.Ａmｏnｇhiｇh-skilｌｅd,ｂｅttｅr-eduｃａｔｅdempｌoyees,however，opposiｔｉoｎwasｓｔronｇｅstiｎｓtａｔｅswitｈbotｈhiｇhnumbersoｆiｍmigｒanｔsａndrelatｉvelｙgenerouｓｓoｃｉalｓervｉces.Whatwoｒrｉeｄtｈｅmｍｏst,iｎotheｒwoｒds，wasthefｉscａｌ(財(cái)政的）ｂｕrdenofimｍｉgration.Thatconclusioｎwasreｉnfｏrｃedbｙanotｈerｆｉnｄiｎg：thａt(yī)ｔheｉropｐositionappeａredtosoftenwhenｔhaｔfｉsｃａlburdｅndecreased，aｓocｃurredｗithwelfarereformｉnthe1990s，whichｃurbedimmigｒａｎts＇acｃesｓtoｃｅｒｔaｉnｂｅnｅfits．Theirｏnyｉｓthatｆorａllｔheovｅrｅｘcitedｄebate，ｔhｅneteffectoｆimｍigratｉoniｓmｉnｉmal.Evｅnｆortｈoseｍｏstａcutｅlyaffecｔed–sａy，low-skilledwｏrkerｓ,ｏrCａlifornｉａreｓｉdents–tｈeiｍpactisｎ'ｔalｌthatdramａt(yī)ｉc."Thｅｕｎpleａｓantvoiｃeshaｖｅｔｅｎｄedtoｄoｍiｎａt(yī)ｅourｐerｃeptioｎs,＂saysDanielTichenor，ａpolｉticalscienｃｅｐroｆessoｒatｔheUniverｓiｔyof注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。52.Ｗｈatcanweｌｅarnfromthｅfirstpａraｇraph？Ａ)Wｈetherimmiｇrａntｓaｒeｇoｏdｏrbaｄfoｒtｈeｅconoｍyhaｓｂｅe(cuò)npｕzzｌingecoｎomistｓ.B）TｈeAｍericanecｏｎomyuｓedtｏthriveｏnｉmmｉgｒａt(yī)ionｂutnowｉt＇ｓａdiｆｆerenｔstoｒｙ.Ｃ)Ｔhecoｎsensuｓamonｇｅconomisｔsistｈatiｍmiｇratｉonｓhouｌdnotbeenｃouraｇed.Ｄ)Thegenｅralpubｌicthinksｄifｆeｒeｎtlｙfrｏmmoｓteconomistsｏnthｅimpaｃtofimmigration.53.IｎwhatｗaｙdoestheａuthorthinkoｒdinａryAmeｒiｃaｎsｂenｅfitｆrｏｍimmiｇratｉon?A）Ｔheｙcanaccｅssalｌkindsｏfpubｌicseｒviceｓ.Ｂ)Ｔheycａngetconsumeｒgｏｏdsaｔｌoweｒpriceｓ.Ｃ)Thｅycanmixwｉthpeopleofｄiffereｎtcｕｌtures.D)Theｙcａｎavｏiｄdｏingmｕchｏｆtｈemanualｌaｂoｒ.5４.Whydonａt(yī)iveｌow-ｓkｉlｌedwｏｒkerssuffｅｒmostfrｏmillegalimｍｉgratｉｏn?A)Ｔｈeyｈaｖeｇreaterｄiffｉcultｙgettiｎgweｌfaｒｅsuppｏrｔ.B)Theyaremｏｒeｌikeｌｙtｏeｎｃｏｕnterinｔeｒraciａlconfｌiｃts.Ｃ）Theyｈaveaｈardｅrtimeｇetｔｉngajoｂｗithdｅcenｔpaｙ.Ｄ)Ｔheyａrｅｎｏmaｔchfｏｒillｅgalimmigrantsinlaｂoｒskｉｌls.55.Ｗhatisｔhechieｆcｏncｅrnofnatiｖehigｈ-skilled，bｅtter-ｅducatｅdemｐｌoyeesabouttｈeｉnfｌoｗofｉmmｉｇｒａnｔｓ?A）Itｍayｃｈangetｈeexｉstｉnｇsocｉalstructｕｒe.B）Itmaypｏseatｈrｅatｔoｔheirecoｎomｉｃｓtatus.C)Iｔmaylｅaｄｔoｓｏcialiｎstabｉliｔyinthｅcountrｙ．Ｄ)Ｉtmayplacｅａgreatｓtｒａｉnoｎthｅｓtatｅbudget.56.Ｗhaｔistｈeiｒonｙaboutthｅdｅｂａｔeovｅrimｍigration?A)Eveneconomistscaｎ'tｒｅａchaｃonseｎsusaｂouｔiｔsｉmｐacｔ.B)Thｏseｗhoａreopposedtoittuｒnoｕttobenefｉtmostfｒomit.C)Peoplearemakingｔoobｉgａfussａboutsoｍetｈingoｆsmallimpacｔ．Ｄ)Ｔｈｅｒeisｎoｅssenｔialdｉｆfｅreｎcebetweｅnsｅe(cuò)mｉnｇlyoppoｓｉtｅopｉnioｎs．PａsｓageTwoQuestionｓ５７to61arebaｓeｄonthefollｏｗinｇpassaｇｅ.PictureaｔypicａｌMBAlecｔurｅtheａt(yī)ｒｅtｗentyyeaｒsagｏ．Inｉttheｍajorityofsｔuｄｅntswillhavecｏnfｏｒmｅｄtotｈｅstandardmodeloftheｔiｍe:maｌe,mｉｄdleclaｓsaｎdＷestern.Wａｌkintoａclasｓｔoｄay,hoｗｅver,aｎdyｏu'llgｅｔaｃoｍpleｔｅlyｄｉｆfeｒｅntimpression．Ｆorasｔart，youｗiｌlnowseｅplentymｏreｗomen–theＵnivｅrsityoｆPenｎｓｙlvania'sWｈartｏnIｔmｉｇhｔbeｔemｐtｉng,therefｏｒe，tothｉnkthattheoｌdbarrｉersｈavebeｅnbroｋeｎdownandeｑualopportuｎityachiｅｖed.Ｂｕt,increasiｎｇly,thisａppａrｅntｄivｅrsityisｂｅcominｇaｍasｋforａnewtypeofconformitｙ．Bｅhinｄｔheｄｉffeｒｅncesｉnsｅx,ｓkintonesaｎdｍothertｏngｕｅs,tｈereａrecoｍmonattｉｔudes,exｐｅcｔatioｎsanｄamｂiｔionsｗhiｃｈrｉｓｋcｒeatinｇａsｅtｏfcｌonｅsamｏngｔhebusineｓslｅaｄeｒｓofthefｕture.Ｄiverｓity,iｔseeｍs,hasnothelpedｔｏaddreｓsfuｎdamentalwｅakneｓseｓｉnbuｓiｎｅssleadership.Ｓoｗhaｔcanbｅdonetocreａｔｅmoｒeｅffeｃｔｉvemａnａｇersoftheｃoｍmercｉalwｏrlｄ?ＡccordingtｏVaｌeriｅGauｔhier,associaｔedeａnatＨECParis,thekeｙliesintheprocessbywhichＭBＡpｒoｇraｍｍesrecruittheirｓｔudenｔs.Attｈeｍoｍｅｎtcandｉdatesarｅselecｔedonafaｉrlynarrｏwseｔofcriｔeriａsuchaｓpｒiorａｃademiｃandｃarｅe(cuò)rpｅrfｏrmanｃe，aｎｄａnaｌｙｔicaｌandproｂleｍsolvingabｉlｉties.Ｔhiｓｉsthｅｎcoupleｄtoaschool＇spicｔｕreofwhataｄiverｓｅclasｓsｈouldlｏoｋlｉｋｅ,withｔherｅｓultｔhａｔpasｓpoｒt，etｈｎiｃoｒiｇinａndseｘcaｎａllbecｏmeinｆluenciｎgfacｔｏｒs．Bｕ