地球一半物種正在滅絕 川普當(dāng)總統(tǒng)雪上加霜

地球半物正在絕普當(dāng)總統(tǒng)雪上加霜Nearlythespeciesonthearefailingtocopewithglobaltheworldhasalreadyexperienced,accordingtoanalarmingstudythatsuggeststhesixthextinctionofanimallifeintheEarth'shistorycouldtakeplacelittleas50years.一項令人震驚的最新研究表明球近一半的物種無法應(yīng)對當(dāng)前發(fā)生的全球變暖球史上第六次物種大滅絕可能只有50年。Aleadingevolutionarybiologist,JohnWiens,foundthat47percentnearly1,000specieshadsufferedlocalextinctionslinkedtoclimatewithpopulationsabsentfromareaswherehadbeenfoundbefore.約翰韋恩斯教授是一位杰出的化生物學(xué)家，他發(fā)現(xiàn)在近1000種種中，有的種出現(xiàn)了與氣候變化相關(guān)的局部滅絕，一些物種在他們原來生存的區(qū)域消失了。ProfessorWiens,whoiseditoroftheQuarterlyReviewofBiologyandwinneroftheAmericanSocietyofNaturalists'PresidentialAward,saidtheimplicationsforfuturewereseriousbecausehisreviewshowedplantsandanimalswerestrugglingtodealwiththerelativelyamountofglobalwarmingexperiencedtodate.韋恩斯教授生學(xué)季刊編輯美國博物學(xué)家志主席獎的獲得者認(rèn)，種種跡象表明未來的局勢十分嚴(yán)峻為研究顯示植物正勉強應(yīng)對著當(dāng)前相對輕微的全球變暖問題。

Sofartheworldhaswarmedbyabout℃pre-industriallevels,butitistohitbetween2.64.8Cnothingisdonetoreducegreenhousegases.與工業(yè)化前相比球氣溫目前為止已經(jīng)升高了℃果不減少溫室氣體到2100年氣溫將升高2.6℃至4.8℃problemlifeonEarthistheelectionofclimatescienceDonaldTrumpasUSpresident.地球生物面臨的另一個麻煩是，氣候科學(xué)否定者唐納?特朗普當(dāng)選美國總統(tǒng)。ProfessorWiens,ofArizonaUniversity,describedthisa"globaldisaster"and,whenaskedwhathewouldsaytoPresident-electhim,hejokedgrimly:"Killyourselfimmediately."在亞利桑那州立大學(xué)執(zhí)教的韋恩斯稱朗普當(dāng)選是一全球性災(zāi)”當(dāng)問及如果遇見這位候任總統(tǒng)想對他說點什么時，韋恩斯開玩笑道“緊狗帶吧。Inhisstudy,publishedinthejournalPLOSBiology,thescientistexaminedpapersabout976differentspeciesfromallovertheworldthatstudiedatleasttwice,onceyearsagoandagainwithinthelast10years.韋恩斯的研究被發(fā)表《公共科圖書?生物學(xué)刊上他查閱了全球976不同物種

的相關(guān)學(xué)術(shù)論文。這些物種至少都被研究過兩次，一次是在約年，另一次是在近年內(nèi)。"Inalmosthalfthespecieslookedat,therehavebeenlocalextinctions他說，接一半的被觀察物已經(jīng)局部滅絕”showsisspeciescannotchangeenoughtokeepupwithasmallchangeinclimate.That'sthebigimplication-evenasmallchangeinandtheycannothandleit."“這說明生物的進化速度跟不上輕的氣候變化。這背后的重大寓意——溫即使發(fā)生一點變化這些生物也無法適應(yīng)?！眘tudylookedatkindsofanimalsandplantsfromAsia,Europe,NorthandSouthandelsewhere.該研究觀察了來自亞洲、歐洲、北美、南美以及其他地區(qū)716種同物和260種同植物。Therefewareasofthethatwereunaffected.地球上很少有未受影響的地區(qū)。currentrateglobalextinctionofanimalsandplantsistobefasterthanofthefivegreatextinctioneventsintheEarth'sbutsofarthetotalnumberlostdoesnotthespecieslostwhenthedinosaurswerewipedoutabout65yearsago.人們認(rèn)為與地球歷史上前五次種大滅絕中的幾次相比前全球動植物的滅絕速度要更迅速，但是目前為止滅絕的物種數(shù)還無法與萬前恐龍滅絕時期的數(shù)量相提并論。Howeveronereasongeologistsareconsideringdeclaringanewepochintheplanet'shistoryistherapidlossflorafaunathatwillhaveanoticeableeffectthefossil不過動植物的迅速滅絕將對化記錄產(chǎn)生顯著影響是質(zhì)學(xué)家們正考慮宣告地球歷史迎來新紀(jì)元的一個原因。ProfessorWienssaid:"It'struethatintermsofglobalextinctionofentirespeciesthathavealreadyhappened,Ithinkwe'renottherethesixthmassextinction]yet.韋恩斯教授稱，就球所有種發(fā)生滅絕的情況而言，我認(rèn)為第六次物種大滅絕的確還沒有發(fā)生。"Butthinkunfortunatelyareontrackforthattohappen.“但不幸的是，我認(rèn)為事情正朝著個方向發(fā)展”

There"twobadsigns"thatTrump'selectionwouldmakethingsworse,ProfessorWienssaid.韋恩斯稱，已經(jīng)“個壞跡顯示，特朗普當(dāng)選會讓事情雪上加霜。wouldbethispersonhe'sassignedtothe(renownedclimatesciencedenierScottPruitt)theotherthingispullingoutoftheParisaccord,"“其一是特朗普任命的環(huán)保局局出名的反氣候科學(xué)者斯考?普魯伊特另一件事就是退出《巴黎協(xié)定》。AskedwhathewouldsaytoMrTrumpiftheymet,Wienssaid:"Iwouldtellhim'whatwouldyouthinktherewasacountryontheothersideoftheworldthatwasreleasinggasthatwasgoingtocauseextinctionsinourcountry,tohurtcropsmakepeople在被問及如果二人相遇他會對特朗普真正說些什么時，韋恩斯教授說我我會問如果在世界的另一邊有一個國家正排放的氣體將使美國的物種滅絕作遭到破壞讓人們餓死，你對此怎么。wouldsay