2019年英語新譯林必修四（江蘇專用）講義Unit1SectionⅡWeletotheunitReading-Languagepoints

Section_ⅡWelcome_to_the_unit_&_Reading_—_Language_points一、這樣記單詞記得準(zhǔn)·寫得對記得快·記得多Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)詞匯1.cheatvt.&vi.欺騙；作弊n.騙子；欺詐行為2.innocentadj.清白的；無罪的；無惡意的；純真的3.welfaren.(個人或群體的)幸福、安全和健康；福利4.campaignn.運動5.curevt.治愈6.aimvt.&vi以……n.目的；目標(biāo)7.mentaladj.心理的；思想的，精神的；智力的8.motton.座右銘；格言，箴言9.consultvt.咨詢；請教10.groceryn.雜貨店11.nationwideadj.&adv全國范圍的(地)，全國性的(地)12.comprehensionn.理解力；領(lǐng)悟能力；理解練習(xí)Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1.advertisevt.&vi.做廣告，宣傳→advertisementn．廣告；廣告宣傳→advertisingn．2.persuadevt.說服，勸說；使信服→persuasiveadj.有說服力的3.breathn．氣息；呼吸→breathev．呼吸4.pleasedadj.高興，滿意；樂于(做某事)→pleasantadj.令人愉快的→pleasingadj.令人愉快的5.foolvt.欺騙，愚弄n．傻瓜→foolishadj.愚蠢的6.benefitvt.&vi.使受益；得益于n．益處；救濟(jì)金；獎金→beneficialelligencen．智力，才智；情報→intelligentadj.有智慧的1.經(jīng)典英文廣告語①Justdoit.只管去做。(耐克運動鞋)②Askformore.渴望無限。(百事流行鞋)③Thetasteisgreat.味道好極了。(雀巢咖啡)④Obeyyourthirst.服從你的渴望。(雪碧)⑤Startahead.成功之路，從頭開始。(飄柔洗發(fā)水)2.innocentadj.清白的；無罪的；無惡意的；純真的[記法]in-(不)＋nocent(傷害的)→沒有傷害的→無罪的[同義]①simpleadj.單純的②guiltlessadj.無罪的；無辜的[反義]guiltyadj.有罪的3.welfaren．(個人或群體的)幸福、安全和健康；福利[詞塊]①socialwelfare社會福利②liveonwelfare靠救濟(jì)謀生③publicwelfare公共福利④childwelfare兒童福利4.intelligencen．智力，才智；情報[記法]intel-(在中間)＋lig(選)＋-ence(名詞后綴)→挑選需要智慧→智力[詞塊]①increaseintelligence增加智力②havegoodintelligence頭腦聰明③showintelligence顯示才能④nativeintelligence天生的智力[近義]①wisdomn.智慧②witn.智慧，才智二、這樣記短語記牢固定短語多積常用詞塊1.beusedto(doing)sth.習(xí)慣于(做)某事，適應(yīng)……2.dosomeresearchon對……進(jìn)行研究3.forfree免費4.bemeantto旨在，目的是5.beawareof知道，意識到6.evenif/though雖然，即使7.beproudof對……感到自豪8.bepleasedwith對……滿意9.fallfor上……的當(dāng)，受……的騙10.playtrickson欺騙，捉弄11.dealwith涉及，關(guān)于，處理，應(yīng)付12.bytheway順便問一下；順便說說1.thinkaboutsocialproblems思考社會問題2.tellthecompletetruth百分之百講真話3.affectpublicwelfare影響公共福利4.cheatpeople欺騙人們5.attractivepictures引人注目的照片6.knowledgechangeslife知識改變命運7.widespreadsocialconcerns普遍存在的社會問題8.publicserviceprojects公共服務(wù)項目9.ProjectHope希望工程10.slowlykillyourself慢性自殺11.useourintelligence用我們的智慧12.needabilityortraining需要能力或訓(xùn)練三、這樣記句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Wearesousedtothemthatweoftendonotevenrealizehowmanyweseeandhearinaday.我們對廣告太習(xí)以為常了，甚至常常意識不到一天當(dāng)中看到和聽到多少廣告。so...that...“如此……以至于……”，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。Thechildrenarehavingso_much_fun_thatIhatetocalltheminside.孩子們玩得那么高興，我都不想叫他們進(jìn)來了。2.Notalladsplaytricksonusthough.但并非所有的廣告都跟我們玩花招。notall表示部分否定。Not_allpeoplearefriendly.并非所有的人都很友好。3.Whenitcomestoadvertisements,wemustalluseourintelligenceandnotbeaslavetothem！談及廣告，我們都必須運用自己的智慧，不要做廣告的奴隸！whenitcomesto...“提到/談及……”，to為介詞。Thereisnodoubtthattherearekindsofchoicesonthemarketwhen_it_comes_todietpills.毫無疑問，一提到減肥藥，市面上就有各種各樣的選擇足以讓你眼花繚亂。1．(教材P2)Anadvertisementuseswordsandpicturestopersuadepeopletobuyaproductorservice,ortobelieveinanidea.廣告使用文字和圖片來說服人們購買某種產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)，或者是相信某種理念。persuadevt.說服，勸說；使相信，使信服persuadesb.todo/intodoingsth.說服某人做某事persuadesb.nottodo/outof(doing)sth.說服某人不要做某事persuadesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事①Ipersuadedhimofherhonesty.我說服他，讓他相信她的誠實。②Theadvertisementpersuaded_her_into_believingthatthiskindofshampoocouldmakeherhairrecoveritsshine.那則廣告使她相信這款洗發(fā)香波能使她的頭發(fā)恢復(fù)光澤。③Ipersuadedhimout_oftakingoverthefactorythatwouldclosedown.我說服他不要接管那家面臨倒閉的工廠。④Iwanttopersuadehimto_helpmewiththegreatworkIamdoing.我想說服他幫助我做我正在做的這項艱巨的工作。[名師點津]persuade強(qiáng)調(diào)說服，advise表示勸說的動作，不表示結(jié)果。如果表示“說而不服”或“勸而不服”，則不能直接用persuade，因為persuade表明已經(jīng)說服，這時可用trytopersuadesb.todosth.或advisesb.todosth.2．(教材P2)Acommercialadvertisementisonewhichsomeonehaspaidfortoadvertiseaproductorservice.商業(yè)廣告是一種某人為了推銷某種產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)而花錢做的廣告。advertisevi.&vt.做廣告，宣傳(1)advertiseforsb./sth.登廣告征求某人/某物advertisein在……上登廣告(2)advertisern.廣告商；登廣告者advertisementn.[C]廣告[U]廣告宣傳putanadvertisementin/on在……上登廣告①Weshouldadvertiseforsomeonetolookafterourchildren.我們應(yīng)該登個廣告聘人來照看我們的孩子。②Put_an_advertisementinthelocalpapertosellyourcar.在當(dāng)?shù)貓蠹埳系且粍t廣告來出售你的汽車。③Playersshouldbeallowedtoearnmoneyfromadvertising.應(yīng)該允許運動員拍廣告掙錢。3．(教材P2)PSAsareoftenrunforfree,andaremeanttoeducatepeopleabouthealth,safety,oranyotherproblemthataffectspublicwelfare.公益廣告往往是免費投放的，旨在就健康、安全或其他影響公共福利的問題教育公眾。bemeantto旨在，目的是meandoingsth.意味著做某事meantodosth.打算做某事meansb.todosth.打算讓某人做某事bemeantfor專為……而打算(或設(shè)計)①Festivalsaremeanttocelebrateimportantmoments.節(jié)假日是用來慶祝重要時刻的日子。②Theprogrammeis_meant_to_educatepeopleabouttrafficsafety.這個節(jié)目旨在對人們進(jìn)行交通安全的教育。③I'vebeenmeaningtophoneyouallweek.整整一星期以來我一直打算給你打電話。④Thisneworderwillmean_workingovertime.這個新訂單意味著我們得加班加點。⑤Imeanyouto_spendthismoneyforyourdaughter.我是想讓你用這筆錢為你女兒買些東西的。4．(教材P2)Thisstatementtriestofoolyouintoassumingthatthetoothpastecuresbadbreath,yetitdoesnotsaythat!這種表述會盡力去欺騙你相信這種牙膏能夠治愈口臭，然而這則廣告卻沒那樣說！foolvt.欺騙；愚弄n．傻瓜(1)odoingsth.哄騙某人做某事foolsb.outofsth.哄騙某人某物(2)makeafoolofsb.愚弄/欺騙某人makeafoolofoneself使自己出丑/出洋相act/playthefool裝瘋賣傻，干蠢事①He'sfooledalotofpeopleintobelievinghe'sarichman.他欺騙許多人相信他是個富人。②Shefooledtheoldmanout_ofallhismoney.她詐騙了老人的全部錢財。③Can'tyouseeshe'smaking_a_fool_ofyou?難道你不明白她是在愚弄你嗎？[辨析比較]fool,cheatfool“愚弄；欺騙”，指利用人缺乏常識或心理脆弱來欺騙人cheat“欺騙；作弊”，主要指在盈利的買賣中或游戲競賽中欺騙人，騙取人的錢等選擇上述單詞填空④Thatshopkeepercheatedtheoldmanandfooledhimintobuyingfalseproducts.curevt.治愈；解決；糾正n．[C]藥物，療法；對策(1)cureapatient(adisease)治愈病人(疾病)curesb.ofsth.治愈某人的疾??；糾正某人的不良習(xí)慣(2)acurefor...……的療法；……的對策①Thismedicinewillcureyouofyourheadache.這種藥可治好你的頭痛。②Parentstrytocure_their_children_ofbadhabits.父母們想辦法糾正自己孩子的壞習(xí)慣。③There'sstillnocure_forcancernow.現(xiàn)在還沒有能治愈癌癥的方法。[辨析比較]cure,treatcure“治愈”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，搭配為：curesb.ofsth.treat“治療”，強(qiáng)調(diào)過程，搭配為：treatsb.forsth.選擇上述單詞填空④Billwastreatedforsunstrokeandthismedicinecuredhim.[名師點津]我們學(xué)過的類似于curesb.ofsth.的短語有：①warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事②informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事③remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某事5．(教材P3)Thegroceryjusthopesthatwhenyoureadthead,youwillfeelpleasedwiththenicecomment,rememberthewords‘freshestfood’，andmakeamentalconnectionwiththefoodinthegrocery.這家食品雜貨店只是希望當(dāng)你讀到這則廣告時，你會很樂于看到其中的恭維，記住“最新鮮的食品”這幾個詞，在心理上將其與該店里的食品聯(lián)系起來。pleasedadj.高興，滿意；樂于(做某事)bepleasedtodosth.樂于做某事bepleasedwith/at/about...對……滿意bepleasedthat...很高興/滿意……①IwaspleasedwithmyperformanceonSaturday—everythingwentright.我對自己星期六的表現(xiàn)挺滿意——一切順利。②Wewereverypleasedto_hearthisencouragingnews.聽到這個鼓舞人心的消息，我們非常高興。③Wewere_pleased_thattheproblemshavebeensolved.我們很高興這些問題已解決。commentn．[C，U]評論，評價vt.&vi.評論，議論(1)makeacomment/commentson/about...對……評論/評頭論足nocomment無可奉告(2)commenton...對……評論/評頭論足commentthat...評論……①Haveyougotanycomment(s)tomakeontherecentdevelopments?你對最近的事態(tài)發(fā)展有什么評論嗎？②Theteacherrefusedtocomment_ontheexamresult.老師不肯評論考試成績。③Researcherswhoreadthereportcommented_thatithadmanymistakes.讀了這份報告的研究人員評論說里面錯誤百出。6．(教材P3)Wemustnotfallforthiskindoftrick!我們絕不能輕信這種小把戲而上當(dāng)??！trickn．[C]騙局；玩笑，惡作?。粦蚍?，把戲；訣竅vt.欺騙，欺詐寫出下列句中trick的含義①Thenaughtyboylovesplayingtricksonothers.惡作?、贖ertearswerejustatricktocheatothers.騙局③Nobodyunderstoodhowhedidthecardtricks.戲法④Theytrickedhimintobuyingtheoldmachine.欺騙(1)playatrick/trickson/uponsb.欺騙某人；捉弄某人(2)o(doing)sth.誘使某人(做)某事tricksb.outofsth.騙走/詐騙某人某物⑤Herpartnertriedtotrickheroutofhershare.她的合伙人企圖騙走她的股份。⑥Thekidsarealwaysplaying_tricks_on/upontheirteachers.孩子們老是對他們的老師搞惡作劇。⑦Thereisnodoubtthatsomeadvertisementstrick_the_customers_into_buyingtheirproducts.毫無疑問，有些廣告哄騙顧客去買它們的產(chǎn)品。7．(教材P3)PSAsaimtoteachusandhelpusleadbetterlives.公益廣告旨在教育我們并幫助我們過上更好的生活。aimvt.&vi.以……為目標(biāo)，瞄準(zhǔn)n.[C]目標(biāo)，目的；[U]瞄準(zhǔn)形象記憶(1)aimat向……瞄準(zhǔn)；旨在，針對aimatdoingsth.意欲、企圖、力求做某事aimtodosth.打算做某事；計劃做某事beaimedat(doing)sth.旨在(做)某事，打算(做)某事(2)takeaimat向……瞄準(zhǔn)withoutaim漫無目的地withtheaimof以……為目標(biāo)；意在……①She'saimingat(tryingtowin)ascholarship.她在爭取獲得獎學(xué)金。②Twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimsto_teachhowtoreadfast.20個學(xué)生想上這個班，這個班的目標(biāo)是教(學(xué)生)如何快速閱讀。③Takecarefulaim_at_the_targetbeforefiring.開火之前仔細(xì)瞄準(zhǔn)目標(biāo)。④Wevisitschoolswith_the_aim_ofgettingyoungpeopleinterestedinthetheatre.我們訪問學(xué)校，目的是使年輕人對戲劇感興趣。8．(教材P3)Theseadsdealwithwidespreadsocialconcerns.這些廣告所涉及的是一些普遍的社會問題。dealwith涉及，關(guān)于；處理，應(yīng)付；與……打交道；和……做生意寫出下列句中dealwith的含義①Someofthewordsandexpressionsdealwiththespecialareasoftheirwork.涉及②SomemeasureshavebeentakentodealwiththeproblemofrefugeesfromSyria.處理③Sheisusedtodealingwithallkindsofpeopleinherjob.與……打交道④Suchpeoplearedifficulttodealwith.應(yīng)付⑤Mosttravelagentsdonotdealdirectlywiththesecompanies.和……做生意[辨析比較]dealwith,dowithdealwith該短語中的deal為不及物動詞，加上介詞with后才能接賓語，dealwith在疑問句中常與how連用dowith該短語中的do為及物動詞，dowith在疑問句中常與what連用，表示“處理，處置；對待”選擇上述短語填空⑥Canyoutellmehowtodeal_withsuchproblems?⑦Ifyoudon'tknowwhattodo_withit,IsuggestyouturntoMrLiforadvice.9．(教材P3)Alloftheseadsaremeanttobenefitthepublic,andyoucanoftenlearnalotbyfollowingtheadvicetheygive.所有這些廣告都旨在使公眾受益，遵循這些廣告給出的建議，你往往可以學(xué)到很多東西。benefitvt.&vi.使受益；得益于n.益處；救濟(jì)金；獎金(1)benefitby/from...得益于……(2)beofbenefitto對……有益forsb.'sbenefit＝forthebenefitofsb.為了某人的利益；為幫助某人(3)beneficialadj.有益的；受益的bebeneficialto對……有益，對……有好處①IfeelthatIhavebenefitedgreatlyfromherwisdom.我覺得從她的睿智中我獲益頗多。②Thisdictionarywillbe_of_great_benefittome.這部字典將對我有很大益處。③Theparkwasbuilttherefor_the_benefit_ofthepublic.那兒建造公園是為了公眾的利益。④Inmyopinion,thisprojectisbeneficialtoeveryone.依我看，這項工程對每個人都有好處。10．(教材P3)Finally,Iwishtotellyouthis:thinkaboutwhyyoushoulddothethingstheadsuggests,orbuytheproductorservicetheadpromotes.最后，我想告訴大家：想想你為什么要做廣告建議你做的事情，或者為什么要買廣告推銷的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)。promotevt.推廣，宣傳；促銷；促進(jìn)，推動；晉升，提升寫出下列句中promote的含義①Doyouhaveanyideashowtopromotethesalesofthisproduct？促銷②Ourteacherhasbeenpromotedtoheadmaster.晉升，提升③Acleanenvironmentcanhelpthecitybid(投標(biāo))fortheOlympics,whichinturnwillpromoteitseconomicdevelopment.促進(jìn)④Thewriterwasintowntopromotehisnewbook.宣傳，推廣(1)be/getpromoted(to)被提升(為……)promotesb.from...to...把某人從……提升為……(2)promotionn.促進(jìn)；晉升；促銷promotern.策劃者，推銷者，支持者⑤Theorganizationworkstopromotethetradebetweennations.該組織旨在促進(jìn)各國之間的貿(mào)易。⑥Becauseofhisgoodwork,Johnwas_promotedtoahigherposition.約翰因工作出色而被提拔到更高職位。⑦Her_promotion_toSalesManagertookeveryonebysurprise.她被提拔當(dāng)銷售經(jīng)理讓每個人都感到意外。11．(教材P5)BeforeIconsultedyou,Ihadnocomprehensionthatacompanymighttrytofoolpeopleintobuyingaproductorservice.在我請教你之前，我不理解為什么公司試圖愚弄人們，讓他們購買一種產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)。consultvt.咨詢；請教；商量；查閱形象記憶consultsb.aboutsth.向某人咨詢某事consultwithsb.aboutsth.與某人商量/磋商某事①Goandconsultyourteacherabouthowtodealwiththisproblem.去請教你的老師如何解答這道題。②We'llconsult_withrepresentativesofdifferentjobsaboutit.我們會和不同職業(yè)的代表商量。③Ifyouhaveanydoubtsaboutyourhealth,you'dbetterconsult_your_doctoratonce.(2015·天津高考改編)你如果對自己的健康有任何疑問，最好馬上咨詢你的醫(yī)生。[名師點津]consult有“查閱”的意思，相當(dāng)于referto，其賓語一般為詞典、參考書、時刻表等。eq\a\vs4\al([詞匯對點訓(xùn)])Ⅰ.單項填空1．Ifshedoesn'twanttogo,nothingyoucansaywill________her.A．persuade B．promiseC．invite D．support解析：選A句意：如果她不想去，你說什么都不會說服她的。persuade“說服”；promise“許諾，承諾”；invite“邀請”；support“支持，支撐，養(yǎng)家”。2．________intheexaminationsmeans________theteachersandyourselves.A．Cheating;tofool B．Fooling;cheatingC．Tocheat;tofool D．Cheating;fooling解析：選D在考試中作弊要用cheat;fool表示“愚弄”；meandoingsth.“意味著做某事”；meantodosth.“打算做某事”。由語境可知答案為D。3．Shewas________withhernewroom.A．pleased B．pleasantC．pleasing D．pleasure解析：選A句意：她對她的新房間頗為滿意。pleased“滿意的，高興的”，常用來修飾人；B、C兩項多用來修飾事物。bepleasedabout/with/at...“對……滿意，對……高興”。4．(2015·江蘇高考)Someschoolswillhavetomake________inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.A．judgments B．a(chǎn)djustmentsC．comments D．a(chǎn)chievements解析：選B句意：有些學(xué)校將不得不做出一些調(diào)整來和國家足球改革保持一致。adjustment“調(diào)整”；judgment“判斷”；comment“評論”；achievement“成就”。根據(jù)句意可知選B項。5．(2014·福建高考)—Couldyoutellmethe________ofmakingsuchtastycakes?—Well,Ijustfollowthedirectionsinthecookbook.A．feature B．planC．cost D．trick解析：選D句意：“你能告訴我做這么好吃的蛋糕的訣竅嗎？”“哦，我只不過是按照烹飪書里的說明做的?！眆eature“特征”；plan“計劃”；cost“費用”；trick“訣竅”。根據(jù)句意可知答案為D項。6．Thedoctor________me________myillnessatlast,andIwasverythankfultohim.A．recovered;of B．cured;ofC．treated;from D．dealt;with解析：選Brecover“恢復(fù)，重新找到”，多與介詞from連用；cure“治療，治愈”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，作動詞時常與介詞of連用；treat“治療”，強(qiáng)調(diào)過程，多與for連用；deal“做生意，經(jīng)營”，多與介詞with連用，意為“處理，涉及”。由Iwasverythankfultohim可知，醫(yī)生最后“治愈”(cure)了“我”的病。故選B。7．Ifyouwanttoknowwhetheryouarefittolearnhistoryandgeography,you'dbetter________yourheadteacher.A．trick B．consultC．a(chǎn)dmire D．terrify解析：選B句意：如果你想知道你是否適合學(xué)歷史和地理，你最好咨詢一下你的班主任。trick“捉弄，欺騙”；consult“咨詢，請教”；admire“羨慕，敬佩”；terrify“使害怕”。8．(福建高考)Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitals________allitscitizens.A．inchargeof B．forthepurposeofC．inhonorof D．forthebenefitof解析：選D句意：為了所有市民的利益，中國一直在推進(jìn)公立醫(yī)院的改革。forthebenefitof“為了……的利益”，符合句題。inchargeof“主管；負(fù)責(zé)；照料”；inhonorof“為了向……表示敬意”；forthepurposeof“為了；因……起見”。Ⅱ.選詞填空beusedto，bemeantto，dealwith，aimto，playtrickson，fallfor，feelpleasedwith，o，beofbenefit，advertisefor1．Thetraditionalapproachtodealing_withcomplexproblemsistobreakthemdownintosmaller,moreeasilymanagedproblems.2．Weaim_toincreasethisto$800bytheendofthecentury.3．Wedecidedtoadvertise_forthesecond-handcar.4．Theyalsothinkitcreatesgreatwealthandis_of_benefittosocietyprogress.5．Wewerehopingtokeepthepartyasecret—itwas_meant_tobeasurpriseforJane.6．Thewayhediditwasdifferentfromwhatwewere_used_to.7．Whatwouldmakeyoufeel_pleased_withyourself?8．Ifyoutellhimthatit'llmakehimearnalotofmoney,he'sboundtofall_fortheidea.9．Doyoulikebeing_played_tricks_oninpublic?10．Hefooledhislittlebrotherintolyingtohismother.1．Wearesousedtothemthatweoftendonotevenrealizehowmanyweseeandhearinaday.我們對廣告太習(xí)以為常了，甚至常常都意識不到一天當(dāng)中看到和聽到多少廣告。(1)句中so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：eq\x(\a\al(so＋adj./adv.＋that...,so＋adj.＋a/an＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that...,so＋many/few＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋that...,so＋much/little少＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that...))①Tomisabusinessmanwhoisalwayssobusythathehaslittletimeforhisfriends.湯姆是一位商人，他總是那么忙，幾乎沒有時間與朋友相處。②Hecaughtso_bad_a_cold_thathecougheddayandnight.他得了重感冒，所以日夜咳嗽。③Shehadsolittleeducationthatshecouldn'tfindajob.她接受的教育如此少，以至于找不到工作。(2)such...that...“如此……以至于……”，也可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：eq\x(\a\al(such＋adj.＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that...,such＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋that...,such＋a/an＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that...＝so＋adj.＋a/an＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that...))④Thisbookiswritteninsuch_easy_English_thatbeginnerscanunderstandit.這本書是用淺易英語寫的，所以初學(xué)者可以讀懂。⑤Heissuchanhonestboythatwealllikehim.＝Heisso_honest_a_boy_thatwealllikehim.這個孩子非常誠實，我們都喜歡他。[名師點津]“so/such＋修飾詞”位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。⑥Sofastdid_he_run_thatIcouldn'tcatchupwithhim.他跑得那么快以至于我趕不上他。⑦Solovelyisshethatwealllikeher.她那么可愛，我們都很喜歡她。2．Notalladsplaytricksonusthough.但并非所有的廣告都跟我們玩花招。(1)英語中的all,both,each,every,everybody,everything,complete,completely,always,whole,wholly,entirely,altogether等具有總括意義的代詞、形容詞和副詞與否定詞not連用時，無論not位于這些詞的前面還是后面都構(gòu)成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”。①NotallthepeopleinAmericalikebeer.并非所有的美國人都喜愛啤酒。②Moneyisnot_everything.金錢并非萬能。③Allthatglittersisnotgold.發(fā)亮的東西并不一定都是金子。④Hedoes_not_alwaysplayvolleyball.他并不總是打排球。(2)英語中的no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,noone,nowhere,nomore,nolonger,noway等表示否定意義的詞與肯定式謂語一起使用時構(gòu)成全部否定。⑤Nooneknowsit.沒有人知道這件事。⑥Nobodyagreeswithyou.沒有人會同意你。⑦Neitheransweriscorrect.兩種答案都不對。⑧None_ofthesethingsaremine.這些東西都不是我的。eq\a\vs4\al([句型對點訓(xùn)])完成句子1．這是一種二選一的情況，我們今年要么買一輛新車，要么去度假，但兩者不可兼得。(全國卷Ⅱ改編)It'saneither-orsituation—wecanbuyanewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwe_can't_do_both.2．并不是所有的孩子都喜歡這部電影。Not_all_the_childrenlikethefilm.3．他的那么多朋友參加了他的婚禮以至于大廳里滿是客人。So_manyofhisfriendsattendedhisweddingthatthehallwascrowdedwithguests.串點成篇微表達(dá)如今，無論我們走到哪里，都會看到廣告(advertise-ment)。廣告是一種推銷(promote)產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的好方法，盡管(evenif)它們并非都(notall...)完全跟我們講真話。廣告主要分為兩類——公益廣告和商業(yè)廣告。公益廣告旨在(bemeantto)讓公眾受益(benefit)，而商業(yè)廣告的目的是(beaimedat)推銷產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)。有些廣告欺騙(playtrickson)我們，我們要小心以免上當(dāng)受騙(fallfor)。Nowadays,_advertisements_can_be_seen_almost_wherever_we_go._Advertisements_are_a_good_way_to_promote_products_or_services,_even_if_not_all_of_them_tell_us_the_complete_truth._There_are_two_main_types_of_advertisements_—_public_service_advertisements_(PSAs)_and_commercial_advertisements._PSAs_are_meant_to_benefit_the_public_while_commercial_ads_are_aimed_at_promoting_products_or_services._Some_ads_play_tricks_on_us_and_we_must_be_careful_not_to_fall_for_them.一、打牢語言基礎(chǔ)，基穩(wěn)才能樓高Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Doyouhaveanycomment(s)(評論)tomakeaboutthecauseofthefire?2．Theseareallpoliciestopromote(提高)economicgrowth.3．Thepalefacesuggeststhatyouhaveaseriousillness.However,don'tworry.Itcanbecured(治愈)．4．Iwanttoconsult(咨詢)severalexperiencedexpertsbeforeImakethedecision.5．Underthelaw,everyoneisconsideredinnocent(清白的，無罪的)untilheorsheprovesguilty.6．Shetookalongslowbreath(呼吸)tocalmdown.7．Hesufferedfromvariousmental(心理的)healthproblems.8．Hedoesexcellentworkandobviouslyheisamanofveryhighintelligence(智力)．9．Thecompanyemploys20,000peoplenationwide(在全國范圍內(nèi))．10．Ifyouwanttosellyourproduct,youmustadvertise(做廣告)it.Ⅱ.單項填空1．Theteachertriedto________himtostopusingthemobilephoneonthecampus,buthewouldn'tlisten.A．hope B．a(chǎn)dviseC．forbid D．persuade解析：選D句意：老師試圖說服他在校園里停止使用手機(jī)，但他就是不聽。hope“希望”；advise“建議”；forbid“禁止”；persuade“勸說”。由語境及題干中的關(guān)鍵信息buthewouldn'tlisten可知老師試圖“說服”(persuade)他，但沒有成功。故選D項。2．—Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.—Imeant________，butwhenIwasleavingIcouldn'tfindheranywhere.A．tothank B．toC．/ D．thanking解析：選B由語境可知，此處指“我”本來打算向她道謝，但當(dāng)“我”要離開時到處找不到她。此處為Imeanttothankher的省略。3．ItwasthesecondtimethistermthatTom________intheexam.Thismadetheteacherveryangry.A．cheated B．havecheatedC．hadcheated D．werecheated解析：選C句意：這是這個學(xué)期湯姆第二次考試作弊了，這讓他的老師非常生氣。該句中包含句式“Itwasthefirst/second...time＋that從句”，此時從句的時態(tài)要根據(jù)主句中be動詞的形式來確定。當(dāng)be動詞為is時，從句時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時；當(dāng)be動詞為was時，從句時態(tài)為過去完成時。故選C項。4．—Anathletecannot________playhisbestincompetitions.—Yes,itdependsuponhismentalandphysicalstate.A．ever B．sometimesC．a(chǎn)lways D．never解析：選C前句句意：在比賽中運動員不可能總是發(fā)揮最佳水平。always與否定詞連用，表示部分否定。5．TheinvestigationshowedGeorgewas________，sohewassetfreeatonce.A．guilty B．criminalC．innocent D．faulty解析：選C句意：調(diào)查表明，喬治是無罪的，所以他被立刻釋放了。由“hewassetfree”可知，他是“無罪的”(innocent)。guilty“有罪的”；criminal“犯罪的”；faulty“有錯誤的”。6．When________comestoaninterview,wegetmanythingsinmind,suchasbeingontimeandgivingproperanswers.A．that B．thisC．it D．one解析：選C句意：當(dāng)談到面試的時候，我們會想到很多，例如要準(zhǔn)時和給出恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?。whenitcomesto...“當(dāng)談到……的時候”，為固定句型。7．Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytoget________，Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.A．promote B．promotedC．promoting D．topromote解析：選B句意：亨利在等待獲得升職機(jī)會的同時，在盡力做好自己的本職工作。promote和邏輯主語Henry是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，故使用過去分詞，故選B。8．Theministersaid,“Wearereadyfordiscussionswithanylegalparties,butwe'llnever________withcriminals.”A．negotiate B．quarrelC．a(chǎn)rgue D．consult解析：選A句意：這位部長說：“我們準(zhǔn)備與任何合法的政黨進(jìn)行討論，但我們永遠(yuǎn)不會與罪犯談判?！迸c前面的readyfordiscussions呼應(yīng)，這里用negotiate表示“協(xié)商，談判”。9．Don'tworry.Theproblemwillbe________atthemeetingtomorrow.A．dealtwith B．turnedupC．usedup D．setup解析：選A句意：不要擔(dān)心，這個問題將會在明天的會議上解決。A項“處理；解決”；B項“出現(xiàn)，露面”；C項“用完，耗盡”；D項“建立”。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選A項。10．—Wouldyouliketogotothepartytonight?—I'dliketo,butImustgoovermylessons,________tomorrow'sexam?A．a(chǎn)imingtopass B．meaningpassingC．a(chǎn)pplyingtopass D．pointingatpassing解析：選A句意：“你想?yún)⒓咏裢淼木蹠?？”“我想去，但是我要?fù)習(xí)功課，力爭通過明天的考試?！盿imtodosth.“力爭做某事”；meandoingsth.“意味著做某事”；applytodosth.“申請做某事”；pointat“指著”。故選A項。二、勤練語篇閱讀，多練自能生巧Ⅰ.完形填空At29,teacherJenniferLoebsacktravelledtoAfricahopingtoimprovethelivesofUgandansandinsteadfoundnewappreciationforherowngoodlifeinCanada.“WhenI__1__back,IthoughtmaybeIneedtofindoutthevalueofme，”saidLoebsack,aGrade6teacheratKingEdwardPublicSchool.She__2__tookpartintheJaneGoodallCollegeofCanada'steachertrainingworkshopsinUgandawhereprimaryschoolteachersare__3__toincludeenvironmentaleducationintotheircurriculum__4__lessonplans,gamesandactivities.The__5__waslaunchedin2008andnewteachersmustraise$2,500eachbeforestartingthethree-weektask.Loebsacksaidshe__6__withfiveCanadians.SheandherfriendTaylorhadbeen__7__asummeradventure,butonewithapurpose.“I'vealwayshadthetravelbug，”saidLoebsack,whocompletedherteacherstraininginAustraliaanddidteaching__8__inChina.Thatoverseasexperiencemadeher__9__formore.ItwasTaylorwhocameupontheonlineapplicationinFebruary.__10__，theywereacceptedandhadtostruggletoraisethe__11__beforeleaving.OnJuly1the__12__landedinEntebbe,Uganda.Theythenstartedoutto__13__theirownworkshopswith28Ugandanprimaryteacherswhotravelledfromaroundthecountry,all__14__forbythecollege.Inacountrywhereteachersreceivelittleprofessionaldevelopment,suchanopportunitywas__15__andtherewastheexpectationthattheteacherswouldreturntotheirhomeschoolsandpasson__Asshewasequippedwithabasic__17__，Loebsackadmittedthey“tookwhattheywantedustoteachandmadeitourown”andalongtheway__18__therewereplentyofsimpletechniquesthatcouldmakea__19__difference.AsfortheUgandanteachers,shebelievestheCanadiansmadeadifference.“Ithinktheyleft__20__.Theyleftwithbigsmiles，”saidLoebsack.語篇解讀：本文主要講述了加拿大29歲的女教師Loebsack隨幾個加拿大人到非洲旅行，見證了她與同伴們對改善烏干達(dá)的教育和人們的生活狀況所做的貢獻(xiàn)。1．A.returned B．cameC．walked D．turned解析：選B表達(dá)“回來”可用comeback或者return。若選A，文中back則多余，故選B。2．A.recently B．nearlyC．usually D．briefly解析：選A根據(jù)上下文意思來看，Loebsack最近參加了教師培訓(xùn)。3．A.learned B．formedC．exercised D．trained解析：選D指那里的老師接受訓(xùn)練，表示被動，trained符合語境。4．A.across B．overC．under D．through解析：選Dthrough表示“通過(某種手段)”，在這里指“通過課程計劃”，其他選項意思不符。5．A.campaign B．educationC．program D．a(chǎn)dventure解析：選Ccampaign“運動”；education“教育”；program“計劃，項目”；adventure“冒險”。分析上下文可知選C。6．A.explored B．travelledC．experimented D．climbed解析：選B根據(jù)上下文多次提到“旅游”，可知這里選travelled與上下文語境和語意吻合。7．A.seeking B．selectingC．surfing D．solving解析：選A動詞seek意為“尋求，尋找”，這里是過去完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)。8．A.tips B．technologyC．practice D．theory解析：選CLoebsack在中國有過教學(xué)實踐，所以選C。9．A.angry B．curiousC．a(chǎn)nxious D．hungry解析：選D在海外的經(jīng)歷使得Loebsack渴望得到更多(經(jīng)驗或?qū)嵺`)。10．A.Terribly B．LuckilyC．Sadly D．Slightly解析：選B根據(jù)后面的“...theywereaccepted...”可知她們被接收了，所以是很幸運的。11．A.cash B．ideaC．price D．forecast解析：選Acash意為“現(xiàn)金；錢”，這里是指“籌集資金”。12．A.group B．clubC．class D．pair解析：選A根據(jù)前文她說的fiveCanadians可得知，他們是組成一個小組去的，故選group。13．A.guide B．drawC．lead D．point解析：選Clead意為“帶領(lǐng)”，這里指他們開始著手對當(dāng)?shù)爻跫壗處煹呐嘤?xùn)工作。14．A.spent B．costC．calculated D．paid解析：選D這個培訓(xùn)班的所有成員都是由大學(xué)付費的，故選paid。15．A.large B．rareC．few D．round解析：選B當(dāng)?shù)氐慕處熀苌儆袑I(yè)的發(fā)展，所以這樣的機(jī)會是非常稀少的，選用形容詞rare。16．A.which B．thatC．what D．whether解析：選CLoebsack他們希望這些接受培訓(xùn)的老師最終回到他們原來的學(xué)校，傳遞他們所學(xué)到的東西。作賓語，故用what。17．A.homework B．exerciseC．topic D．curriculum解析：選D根據(jù)上下文可知，此處表示“課程，學(xué)科”，故用curriculum。18．A.discovered B．watchedC．founded D．invented解析：選A根據(jù)空格后“許多簡單技術(shù)的作用很大”是一個現(xiàn)象，可推知選用動詞“發(fā)現(xiàn)”較為恰當(dāng)。19．A.little B．bigC．light D．heavy解析：選B詞組makeabigdifference意為“產(chǎn)生很大的不同；作用很大，意義重大”。20．A.devoted B．frightenedC．a(chǎn)mazed D．inspired解析：選D根據(jù)句中的bigsmiles可推測他們受到了鼓舞，故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀理解Wanttoimproveyourwritingskills?NewWritingSouthisdirectingtheway!?TownerWriterSquad(班組)forkidsaged13－17LedbycomedyandTVwriter,MarianKilpatrick,TownerWriterSquadwillmeetonceamonthatthecontemporaryartmuseumfor11months,starting12October,2017.TheFREEsquadsessionswillincludeintroductionstoawiderangeofwritingstyles,frompoetrytoplaywritingandlyrics(抒情詩)toflashfiction,tosupportthedevelopmentofyoungwriters.Application&SelectionIfyouwouldliketoapplytobepartoftheTownerWriterSquad,pleasesendasamplepieceofyourwriting(about500words),respondingtothetitle“LUNCH”，withyourname,age,addressande-mailaddresstodebo@-.Onceallapplicationsarein,y