2019高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)選習(xí)題模塊6Unit2Whatishappinesstoyou(含解析)牛津譯林版

2019

牛津譯林高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)選習(xí)題：模塊

6U2李仕才一、閱讀理解。Wildelephantscantellwhetheravoicecomesfromaman，awomanoraboy，anewstudysays.That'swhatresearchersfoundwhentheyplayedrecordingsofpeopleforelephantsinKenya.Scientistssaythisisanadvancedthinkingskillthatotheranimalshaven'tshown.Itletselephantsfigureoutwhoisathreatandwhoisn't.Theresultshowsthatthecleveranimalsarealsostudyingpeople，saidstudyauthorKarenMcComb.“Basically，theyhavedevelopedthisveryrichknowledgeofthehumansthattheysharetheirhabitatwith，”saidMcComb，aprofessorattheUniversityofSussexinEngland.“Memoryiskey.Theymustbuildupthatknowledgesomehow.”ThestudywasreleasedonMondayintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.It'sclosetobutnotquiteliketheDr.Seussbook，wheretheelephantHortonhearssomethingthatotherscan'thear.McCombandcolleagueswenttoAmboseliNationalParkinKenya，wherehundredsofwildelephantsliveamonghumans，sometimescominginconflictoverscarcewater.ThescientistsusedvoicerecordingsofMaasaimen，whoonoccasionkillelephants，andKambamen，whoarelessofathreattotheelephants.Asaresult，theelephantsreactedmoredefensively—retreatingandgatheringinabunch—totheMaasailanguagerecordingbecauseitwasassociatedwiththemorethreateninghumantribe，saidstudyco-authorGraemeShannon.TheyrepeatedtheexperimentwithrecordingsofMaasaimenandwomen.Sincewomenalmostneverspearelephants，theanimalsreactedlessdefensivelytothewomen'svoices.Thesamethinghappenedwhentheysubstitutedyoungboys'voices.“Makingthiskindoffinedistinctionsinhumanvoicepatternsisquiteremarkable，”saidEmoryUniversityanimalcognitionexpertFransdeWaal，whowasnotpartofthestudy.1．Whowerethepeopletakingpartinthestudy?A．FransdeWaalandKarenMcComb.B．Dr.SeussandGraemeShannon.C．GraemeShannonandFransdeWaal.D．KarenMcCombandGraemeShannon.2．Whatcanwildelephantsbenefitfromtheirspecialability?A．Identifyingandavoidingpossibledanger.B．Growingmuchfasterthananyotheranimals.C．Havingabetterunderstandingofhumans.D．Developingtheirlanguageskills.3．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“substituted”inthelastparagraph?A．distinguishedB．repeatedC．usedD．compared4．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Wildelephantscandistinguishhumanlanguages.B．Theconflictbetweenhumansandwildelephantsisgrowing.C．Wildelephantsuselanguageskillstomakediscrimination.D．Wildelephantscanbuildupgoodmemoryandlearntricks.【解題導(dǎo)語】研究表示野生大象能夠辨別男、女和男孩的聲音，它們經(jīng)過思想劃分聲音并判斷誰能對他們產(chǎn)生威迫?！倦y句剖析】McCombandcolleagueswenttoAmboseliNationalParkinKenya，wherehundredsofwildelephantsliveamonghumans，sometimescominginconflictoverscarcewater.剖析：這是一個復(fù)合句。where指引非限制性定語從句，在從句中作地址狀語；sometimescominginconflictoverscarcewater作陪伴狀語。譯文：McComb和同事去了位于肯尼亞的安博塞利國家公園，在那邊有成千上萬頭野象與人類一同生活，他們有時由于水資源貧乏而發(fā)生矛盾。1．D考察細節(jié)理解。依據(jù)文章第一段中的“studyauthorKarenMcComb”和第六段中的“studyco-authorGraemeShannon”可知，KarenMcComb和GroemeShannon都參加了研究，應(yīng)選D項。2．A考察推理判斷。依據(jù)文章第一段中的“Scientistssaythisisanadvancedthinkingskillthatotheranimalshaven'tshown.Itletselephantsfigureoutwhoisathreatandwhoisn't”可知，這類高等的思想方式使野象能夠分辨出誰能對他們造成威迫，這樣它們能夠防止可能的危險，故A項是正確的。3．C考察詞義猜想。畫線詞所在句中的“Thesamethinghappened”指的是前一句中的“theanimalsreactedlessdefensivelytothewomen'svoices”，畫線詞所在句講的是野象對年青男孩的聲音做出的反響，說明當(dāng)時研究者在對野象播放年青男孩的聲音，選C項。4．A考察要旨粗心。依據(jù)文章第一句“Wildelephantscantellwhetheravoicecomesfromaman，awomanoraboy”和全文內(nèi)容可知，野象能夠經(jīng)過人的聲音劃分不一樣人類集體的性別和年紀(jì)，應(yīng)選A項(野象能夠劃分人類的語言)。22二、單項選擇。1.You’dbettertakeapenwhenyougotothemeeting_______thereissomethingimportanttowritedown.A.asifBsoastoCinordertoD.incase【答案】D?！痉治觥緽C選項后接動詞原形，故清除。asif指引方式狀語從句，incase意為“以防”能夠用來指引目的狀語從句。句意：去開會時你最好帶上鋼筆，以防有什么重要的東西能夠記下來。2.Bythetimescientists_______thefundamentalstructureofdarkmatter,I'msurethatman_______amazingadvancesinscience.A.figureout,hasmadeB.willfigureout,willmakeC.figureout,willhavemadeD.willfigureout,willbemaking【答案】C【分析】句意：到科學(xué)家們弄清楚暗物質(zhì)的基本構(gòu)造時，我一定人類將已經(jīng)在科學(xué)上獲得了驚人的進步。by表示“到為止”指引時間狀語從句常與達成時連用，主句的謂語用將來達成時態(tài)，時間狀語從句頂用一般此刻時表未來。23.—Sharon,whyisthemansoupsetnow?—Hiswallet,mobilephoneandIDcard_______,thepoliceareinvestigatingandwillsendhimtoasocialassistancestation.A.wasstolenB.stolenC.beingstolenD.havingstolen【答案】B【分析】非謂語動詞獨立主格構(gòu)造。邏輯主語“Hiswallet,mobilephoneandIDcard”與動詞“steal”存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。句意：“莎倫，那人此刻為什么那么愁悶？”“他的錢包、手機以及身份證被盜。警方正在檢查并會把他送到一家社會救援站去?！?._______beforebed,cellphonescanresultinarestlessnight.A.TouseB.UsingC.UsedD.Havingused【答案】C【分析】句意：睡前使用手機，會致使睡眠質(zhì)量降落。cellphones與use是動賓關(guān)系，即3使用手機，應(yīng)當(dāng)用過去分詞表被動，清除A、B、D，本句可改寫為：Ifcellphonesareusedbeforebed,theycanresultinarestlessnight.。25.Theparentsdoeverythingwecan_______theirdaughterwithgoodeducation,sothatshewillgetagoodjobinthefuture.A.provideB.providingC.providedD.toprovide【答案】D【分析】句意：那對父親母親做了他們能做的全部為他們的女兒供給優(yōu)秀的教育，為了她此后能獲取一份好工作。原句應(yīng)為：Theparentsdoeverythingwecandotoprovidetheirdaughterwithgoodeducation.所以選D。6.AsChina’svillagesmeetmodernity,withsuchconveniencesastheflushingtoilet,theInternetandpersonalcarownership,sometraditionsarebeingleftbythewayside,only_______inmemory.A.remainedB.remainingC.toberemainedD.beingremained【答案】B【分析】句意：跟著中國鄉(xiāng)村步入現(xiàn)代化，沖水馬桶、網(wǎng)絡(luò)和私人車等便利到來，一些傳統(tǒng)留在人們的記憶里。此刻分詞作狀語，表示自但是然的結(jié)果，remain一詞表示“遺留”時為系動詞，故沒有被動形式。7.—Willyoupleasetellushowyoucanseizetherobbers?—Iwillspendawholeweek_______inyourroomtowaitfortheircoming.A.lockingB.tolockC.lockedD.tobelocked【答案】C【分析】過去分詞短語作狀語。依據(jù)句意“把自己關(guān)在你的房間里度過一周的時間”，即lockmyselfinyourroom，lock與主語I之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語，表示方式。句意：“請問告訴我您如何才能抓住匪徒呢?”“我把自己關(guān)在你房間里一個星期，等候他們的到來(就抓住他們了)。”8._______bythesadstoryofthechild,manypeopleofferedtolendhimahelpinghand.A.BeingaffectedB.HavingaffectedC.AffectedD.Toaffect【答案】C【分析】很多人因受感人而伸出救助之手，故用affect的過去分詞作狀語，表示被動和完44成。句意：很多人因受那個男孩凄慘故事的感人，主動伸出了救助之手。9._______theteenagebrain,theexpertdecidedtowriteabookabouthowtohelpteenagersfightagainstattentionproblems.A.ToexploreB.HavingexploredC.ExploringD.Havingbeenexplored【答案】B【分析】逗號后邊分詞的邏輯主語expert與explore之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，而且explore所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞decided所表示的動作從前，所以用此刻分詞的完成式作狀語。句意：在研究了青少年的大腦以后，這位專家決定要寫一本對于如何幫助青少年與注意力方面的問題作斗爭的書。10.Thestorm_______,theyhadtoliveinacave.A.hasdestroyedtheirhutB.todestroytheirhutC.havingdestroyedtheirhutD.beingdestroyed【答案】C【分析】這是分詞的獨立主格構(gòu)造句。分詞的達成式表示其動作發(fā)生在主句動作從前，根據(jù)句意可知，狂風(fēng)雨毀掉草屋在前，故C是答案。句意：風(fēng)暴摧毀了他們的草屋，所以他們不得不住在洞里。11.MrMuiterefusedtotalktothemexcept_______inthecompanyofhislegalcolleagues,thereforethepoliceofficersdepartedA.intermsofB.incompanyofC.infavorofD.inviewof【答案】B【分析】inthecompanyof在陪伴下。句意：繆特先生拒絕在沒有其律師同事陪伴的狀況下和他們說話，于是警察們就走開了。12.Teddycametomy_______withacheckof$200topaymyroomrate,afterItoldhimthatmywallethadbeenstolen.A.attendanceB.AssistanceC.rescueD.safety【答案】B【分析】句意：我告訴特迪我的錢包被偷了后，他帶著200美元的支票來幫我付了房租。cometoone’sassistance為固定搭配，“來增援(或幫忙)某人”，切合句意。attendance列席，列席；rescue援救，挽救；safety安全。13.Youseethelightning_______ithappens,butyouhearthethunderlater.5A.theinstantB.foraninstantC.ontheinstantD.inaninstant【答案】A【分析】句意：閃電一發(fā)生你就看見閃光，但過一會兒才聽到雷聲。instant瞬時，頃刻，比moment所指的時間更短，但用法與moment基本一致。theinstant一就，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，切合題意。foraninstant一瞬時；ontheinstant馬上；inaninstant馬上，馬上。14.Iwaslatethismorningbecausemyalarmclockfailedto_______.A.turnoffB.goafterC.gooffD.switchoff【答案】C【分析】句意：我今日清晨遲到了，是由于我的鬧鐘沒響。turnoff關(guān)掉；goafter追趕，追求；謀求；gooff(鬧鐘)發(fā)出響聲；switchoff關(guān)掉。20.Ididlovemymomverymuchbutitgottoapoint_______evenshedidnotwantmetoseeherasshewas.A.whereB.WhenC.thatD.which【答案】A【分析】句意：我的確特別愛我媽媽，可是狀況發(fā)展到這樣一種程度：她甚至不想讓我看到她從前的樣子。當(dāng)先行詞是point，case，situation等時，定語從句多用where指引，where在從句中作狀語。三、完形填空。Forme，twooftheloveliestwordsinEnglishare“Lifepersists”．I__1__themyearsagoasacollegestudent，sittinginthelibrary，__2__，workingonapaper.Outofnowhere，thosewordscame__3__offthepageinaquote(引語)：“Inthemidstofdeathlifepersists，inthemidstof__4__truthpersists，inthemidstofdarknesslightpersists.”SuddenlyIwasn'tunhappyandimpatientanymore.ThenI__5__mygranddad.Ilovedtotalkwithhim.AndIwas__6__tohearwhathe'dthinkofit.Hehadpoorhearing，soIhadto__7__itafewtimes，butoncehe__8__it，helaughed.“AllIcansaytothatistotally__9__，”hesaidonthephone.ItoldhimhowgladIwas，afteralongwinter，tofinallyseespringand__10__tofindthatquote.“Whyisthat？”heasked.“Well，springisasure__11__thatlifepersists.Anditjustmakesme__12__.”66Helaughedagain，andthen__13__hislovelyvoice，herecitedformehis__14__“springtime”words：“Thedesertshallrejoice(快樂)，and__15__astherosedoes...evenwithjoyandsinging.”Manyyearslater，__16__myhusbandandIdroveacrossadesertwithmanywildflowersandblooming(綻放的)cactuses，Icould__17__hearmygranddadlaughing：“Thedesertshallrejoice.”Lifepersists，andsodowe，inthesilenceof__18__andthebloomingofcactuses；andinthedeadof__19__andthegreenofspring.Spring__20__usthatwe'realiveforever.1．A.lookedforB．happenedonC．pickedoutD．madeup2．A.boredB．concentratedC．tiredD．confused3．A.runningB．dancingC．rushingD．moving4．A.fearB．a(chǎn)ccusationC．suspicionD．untruth5．A.calledB．visitedC．consultedD．informed6．A.patientB．confidentC．upsetD．desperate7．A.copyB．printC．repeatD．recite8．A.gotB．madeC．undertookD．managed9．A.puzzlementB．scepticismC．a(chǎn)greementD．disapproval10．A.practicallyB．especiallyC．obviouslyD．naturally11．A.wayB．inspirationC．remarkD．sign12．A.astonishedB．energeticC．merryD．a(chǎn)live13．A.inB．with7C．ofD．beyond14．A.impressiveB．superbC．classicalD．favorite15．A.existB．flowerC．surviveD．sow16．A.afterB．whenC．untilD．a(chǎn)lthough17．A.hardlyB．a(chǎn)lwaysC．a(chǎn)lmostD．mostly18．A.journeysB．wordsC．worldD．desert19．A.winterB．springC．summerD．a(chǎn)utumn20．A.convincesB．a(chǎn)ssuresC．remindsD．strikes【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章，敘述的是作者有感于春季的活力，從有時讀到的一段話聯(lián)想到生命的意義與堅持。生命長存于漫漫荒漠的植物中，長存于冬去春來的綠意中。冬去春來，生命依舊長存，而我們也要持續(xù)前行。1．B依據(jù)語境可知，幾年前坐在大學(xué)的圖書室里作者有時碰到這兩個單詞“Lifepersists”。happenon“有時碰到或發(fā)現(xiàn)”，切合語境。pickout“精選，鑒別出”；makeup“假造”。2．A依據(jù)下文中的“SuddenlyIwasn'tunhappyandimpatientanymore”可知，作者當(dāng)時在圖書室里的心情是很愁悶的。應(yīng)選bored“厭煩的，愁悶的”。3．B這兩個詞忽然從冊頁上的引語中躍入作者的眼簾。dancing在此形象生動地描繪了這兩個詞所富含的美好活力以及作者碰到它們的有時性。4．D在死亡中，生命依舊堅持；在謊話中，真諦依舊長存；在黑暗中，光明依舊永駐。依據(jù)句中的death與life,darkness與light的對應(yīng)關(guān)系可知，此處應(yīng)填truth的反義詞。untruth“虛假，不真切”，切合語境。accusation“指控”；suspicion“思疑”。5．A依據(jù)下文中的“onthephone”可知，作者給爺爺打電話。call“(給)打電話”，切合語境。visit“探望，拜見”；consult“咨詢”；inform“見告”。6．D依據(jù)語境及上文中的“Ilovestotalkwithhim”可知，作者很想聽到爺爺(對這句話)是怎么看的。desperate“極想，盼望”。patient“耐心的”；upset“不安的”。7．C依據(jù)上文中的“Hehadpoorhearing，soIhadto”和下文中的“afewtimes”可知，爺爺?shù)穆犛X不靈，所以作者不得不多次重復(fù)(repeat)這句話。copy“抄錄”；print“打88印”；recite“背誦”。8．A可是一旦作者的爺爺理解(gotit)了，他就笑了起來。makeit“獲取成功，準(zhǔn)時抵達”。9．C依據(jù)上文中的“l(fā)aughed”和下文中作者的爺爺所背誦的語句與該句話的主題的一致性可知，作者的爺爺對這句話所表達的主題是完整贊成的。puzzlement“迷惑”；scepticism“思疑”；agreement“贊成，贊成”；disapproval“反對，不同意”。10．B作者告訴爺爺她在漫長的冬季事后，最后看到春季，特別是有時發(fā)現(xiàn)這句引語，自己是有多快樂。especially“特別，特別”，切合語境。practically“實質(zhì)地，差不多”；obviously“顯然地”；naturally“自但是然地”。11．D春季就是一個可信的跡象，它表示生命是長存的。sign“跡象，征兆”切合語境。inspiration“激勵人心的人(或事物)”。12．C依據(jù)上文中的“Iwasn'tunhappy”，下文中的“rejoice(快樂)”“joy”及文章的主題可知，這句話使作者感覺高興(merry)。astonished“震撼的”；energetic“精力充足的”。13．A作者的爺爺又笑了笑，而后用他那動聽的嗓音為作者背誦了他最喜愛的語句。in...voice是固定搭配，表示“以的嗓音”。14．D拜見上題分析。impressive“給人印象深刻的”；superb“極佳的，質(zhì)量極高的”；classical“經(jīng)典的”；favorite“最喜愛的”。15．B荒漠應(yīng)當(dāng)快樂，像玫瑰相同綻放。依據(jù)空后的“astherosedoes”可知，flower“開花”切合語境。16．B多年后，看作者和丈夫驅(qū)車穿越一個有好多野花和綻放的神仙掌的荒漠時，她幾乎又聽到了爺爺笑著說“荒漠應(yīng)當(dāng)快樂”。剖析句子構(gòu)造可知，空處在此指引時間狀語從句，且在從句中作時間狀語，應(yīng)選when。17．C拜見上題分析。almost“幾乎，差不多”，切合語境。18．D依據(jù)空后的“thebloomingofcactuses...”和上文中的“adesertwithmanywildflowersandblooming(綻放的)cactuses”及“Thedesertshallrejoice”可知，生命長存，相同的，我們也要堅持。生命長存于沉寂的荒漠(desert)中和綻放的神仙掌里。19．Ainthedeadofwinter“在寒冬，在寒冬”?？涨暗膁ead形象地表現(xiàn)出了冬季萬物冷清的情景，與春季的綠意及萬物復(fù)蘇的情景形成鮮亮的對照。20．C春季提示我們，我們永久充滿活力。convince“使相信”；assure“使確信”；remind“提示”；strike“忽然想到”。四、七選五。Thinkaboutwhatyou'velearnedfromaparticularrumorexperience，andletit9helpyoumakesureitneverhappensagain.Hereareafewtipsthatwillhelpyou.1Themoreprivateinformationthatyoumakepublic，themoreammunition(短處)rumorswillhave，sobecarefulwhoyouconfidein(向流露).Trytounderstandwhereit'scomingfrom，andwhy.Istherumormeanttohurtyou，orisitjustacaseofmisinformationorexaggeration？It'simportanttogetthisinformationbeforeyoureacttotherumor.2Resisttheurgetodishitout.Haveyouheardthesaying“Someonecan