廣東省惠州市2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題

/08/8/絕密★啟用前惠州市2022—2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高一英語試題（2023.01）試卷共8頁，卷面滿分130分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfthepoemsyoureadatschoolmadeyouthinkpoetryisold-fashioned,herearefourpoetswhoseworkwillmakeyoulookatpoetryinadifferentway.BrianBilstonBrianBilston’spoetryisdefinitelymorerelevanttotoday’sissues.Hecoverssubjectssuchasclimatechange,moderntechnologyandinternationalevents.AlthoughBrianusesrhymeinsomeofhiswork,itisextremelyeffective,especiallyassomanyarehumorouspoems.Hehasaskillforwordplay.Healsoshareshispoemsonline,makingthemmoreaccessibletotoday’saudience.AdaLimónAdaisawell-knownAmericanpoet,andhasreleasedseveralcollectionsofpoetry.Herpoemsaredeeplyrootedinnature,emotionandrelatablemetaphors(比喻).Herworkfeelslikeanaturalprogressionfromthepoetrycoveredinschools.Thereisstillanartisticweavingandcarefulplacementofwords,butthemessagesandinnermeaningsaremoresuitableforamodernaudience.TracyKSmithTracywasthewinneroftheBestFirstBookbyanAfricanAmericanpoet,withher2003collection,TheBody’sQuestion.Herpoemscoverimportantissuesaroundrace,family,goingbeyondfromchildhoodintoadulthoodandmuchmore.Eachiseasytounderstandandrelateto,whileatthesametime,deeplypersonal.Shehasanaturaltalentforconnectingwithheraudience.MelWardleWoodendMelhasseveralpublishedcollectionsincludingtwobooksforchildren,makingpoetrymoreaccessibletothem.ShealsohasacollectioncalledJustaThought,whichraisesawarenessofmentalhealthissues.Thistopicwasrarelydiscussedatschool,soMel’sworkisprogressiveandinvitingtothosewhomaynottickthetypicalboxesofsomeonewhoenjoyspoetry.第1頁共8頁1.WhatisBrianBilston’spoetrymainlyconcernedwith?A.Schoollife.B.Today’sissues.C.Historicevents.D.Today’saudience.2.Whoistalentedinconnectingwithpoemreaders?A.BrianBilston.B.AdaLimón.C.TracyKSmith.D.MelWardleWoodend.3.WhatdoyouknowaboutJustaThought?A.Itappealstoschoolstudents.B.Itconcernsmentalhealthissues.C.Itisintendedforyoungerreaders.D.Itisrarelydiscussedatschoolnow.BInthedaysbeforehomewashingmachines,peoplebroughttheirclothestothelocallaundromattobecleaned.Federico’sFamilyLaundromatwaspasseddowntomyparentsfrommygrandfather.Myfatherusedtosaythatthemostimportantmachineinthelaundromatwasn’tthewashingmachine,thecashregister,orthesewingmachine,butthecoffeepotthatsatbytheentrance.Thecoffeewasfree,andalmosteverycustomerwouldstopandhaveacupwhiletheychattedwithmyparents.Inthehoursafterschoolorontheweekends,itwasmyjobtokeepthecoffeepotfilled.Atleasttentimesperday,Iwoulddumpoutthewetcoffeegrounds,carefullymeasurethesevenspoonsoffreshlygroundbeans,fillthepotwithwater,andturntheswitch.ItwassuchamindlessandrepetitivetaskthatIcouldhavedoneitinmysleep.Iremembercomplainingtomyfatheronebusyday.“Whydowehavetogiveawaycoffee?We’realaundromat,notacoffeeshop!”Iwhined.Myfatherstoppedwhathewasdoing,walkedaroundthecounter,andtookaseatacrossfromme.Withapatientbutseriouslookonhisface,hespoke:“Son,whatdoyoudowhenfamilycomestovisitthehouse?Youofferthemacupofcoffee.Youchatwiththem,laughwiththem,bondwiththem.Peopledon’tjustneedaplacetocleantheirclothes.Theyneedafamiliarfaceandasmile.Theyneedfriendship.Thatiswhyyourjobisthemostimportantjobinthelaundromat.”Myfather’swordshadthedesiredeffect.Fromthenon,Ididn’tcomplainaboutmyjob.Ievenmeasuredthespoonalittlemorecarefully,ensuringthatthecoffeewouldturnoutjustright.Afterall,Ihadthemostimportantjobinthelaundromat,andthatwasworthtakingseriously.4.Whatwastheauthor’sdutyinthelaundromat?A.Servingcoffee.B.Sewingclothes.C.Washingclothes.D.Collectingmoney.5.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofhisjobinthebeginning?A.Challenging.B.Terrifying.C.Relaxing.D.Boring.6.Whywastheauthor’sjobsoimportantaccordingtohisfather?A.Customerswerefondofdrinkingfreecoffee.B.Customersneededaplacetocleantheirclothes.C.Customerswantedtomakefriendswithhisfather.D.Customersweretreatedlikefamilywithfreecoffee.第2頁共8頁7.Whichwordscanbestdescribethefather?A.Patientandsmart.B.Strictandfriendly.C.Socialandselfless.D.Honestandinspiring.CLiuYexihastakenDouyinbystorm.AsofNov17,thevirtualidol,whoperformedonthesocialmediaplatformonOct31,hadonlyreleasedtwoshortvideosbutattractedover5millionfollowers.Differentfromothervirtualidols,Liuisdefinedasa“virtualbeautyvlogger”.Inherfirstvideo,LiuisdoingmakeupwithaneyebrushwhiledressedinatraditionalChinesecostume.Whensheturnsaround,theonlookersareterrified,exceptoneboy.ThenLiuslightlybrushestheboy’seyes,ernetusersmarveled(使...驚嘆)atitsstoryline,science-fictionelementsandspecialvisualeffectswithcyberpunkstyle.LiangZikang,theCEOoftheproductionteam,toldChinaNewsweekthattheteamspenttwomonthsmakingthevideo.Liu’sinstantpopularityonlinefurtherreflectsthatthevirtualidolindustryinChinahasbeenbooming.Thereareover32,400virtualidolsthathaveopenedaccountsonvideo-sharingplatformBilibiliinthepastyear,seeingayear-on-yearriseof40percent,ChenRui,theCEOofBilibili,saidinaspeech.“Comparedwithrealidolsandstars,thevirtualonesseemtobemoreapproachableforfans,”ShineNewsnoted.Additionally,thesevirtualwebcelebrities(名人)won’thavescandals(丑聞).Asmoreyoungpeoplearefascinatedbythesevirtualfigures,theircommercial(商業(yè)的)valuehasbeenontherise.Generally,theyearnmoneybyonlineconcerts,livestreamingandrelatedproducts.Forexample,LuoTianyi,awell-knownvirtualsinger,cooperatedwithlivestreamerLiJiaqitopromotegoodsin2020.Therefore,somepeoplearewonderingwhethertheywillreplacerealhumans.“Thesesocalledvirtualidolshaverealhumanteamstobackthemupandcontrolthem.Theyarenotreallyvirtual,”DingDaoshi,anindependentanalystintheinternetsector,toldtheGlobalTimes.Therealvirtualidolwillcomewhenartificialintelligenceachievesanewlevelofselflearningandself-trainingandtheninteractswithothers,headded.8.WhatdoweknowaboutLiuYexi？A.Shebecomesanonlinecelebrity.B.Shecreatesavirtualfantasyworld.C.Hersongbecomesfamousovernight.D.Hercostumewinshergreatpopularity.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“booming”inparagraph4mean?A.Beginning.B.Arriving.C.Growing.D.Falling.10.WhatmakesvirtualfiguresattractiveaccordingtoShineNews?A.Theirvariousstyles.B.Theirfriendlycharacter.C.Theircommercialvalue.D.Theirwonderfulperformance.11.What’sDingDaoshi’sattitudetowardsvirtualidols?A.Doubtful.B.Objective.C.Favorable.D.Indifferent.第3頁共8頁DTheWorldCupwilltakeplacebetweenNovemberandDecemberwhenQatarcanreachaveragetemperaturesof40to50°C.Withthetournamentgettingcloserandcloser,Dr.SaudGhani,professorofMechanicalEngineeringatQatarUniversity,hasbeeninthespotlightbyintroducingthetechnologythatwill,infact,coolthestadiumsofthe2022WorldCup.NicknamedDr.Cool,Ghanibelievesthatstadiums’architectureshouldbeapositivelinkbetweendesignandclimate.Inhisview,thebuildingsshouldn’tworkagainstclimate,butratherbesmartandworkwithit.Hedevelopedasystembasedonsustainability(可持續(xù)),modularity,andfunctionalitytocoolstadiums.Thefirststeptoensurehotairwillnotenterthestadiumswouldbetoanalyzetheirshapestounderstandhowthedesigncouldminimizethissituation.Duringtheprocess,numerous3Dmodelswerebuiltandtestedusingsmokeandcolorlaserstoanalyzetheairflowoverthestadium,andvariants,likespectatornumbersandsweatproduction,wereadded.Thishelpedtodefinethedimensionsofthestadium’supperopenings,optimizingtheirshapetopreventtheentryofhotairandprovideshading.Afteroptimizingthearchitecturalprojects,thenextstepwastodeveloptherefrigerationsystemitself,whichtookplacethroughanimportantfindingbyGhani.Itwasnotnecessarytocooltheentirestadium.Thesystemshouldfocusonthepitchandreachabout2metersabovethehighestseat.Asaresult,apunctualcoolingsystemwascreatedandthecoolingtechnologyisestimatedtobe40%moresustainablethanexistingtechniques.Stadiumsonlyneedtobecooleddowntwohoursbeforeanevent,whichreducesenergyconsumptioncomparedtoothermethods.Inaddition,thereisarecyclingsysteminthecoldair,whichiscooledtwicebeforebeingexpelledoutside,reducingtheabsorptionofhotoutsideair.Sofarthestadiumshasbeeninthespotlightandtheircoolingsystemisbeingtestedbyfansandplayersfromallovertheworld.12.WhatisDr.Ghani’sopiniononthebuildingofthestadiums?A.Itshouldadapttothefansandplayers.B.Itshouldmerelyfocusonsustainability.C.Itshouldoffervariouspotentialfunctions.D.Itshouldcoexistinharmonywiththeclimate.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebuildingprocess?A.Coolingthewholestadiumisofnecessityinthissystem.B.Stoppinghotairenteringthestadiumswasacriticalpart.C.Numerous3Dmodelswereusedtotestsmokeandcolorlasers.D.Thearchitecturalfeaturesofthestadiumswereoutofconsideration.14.Whichcanbestdescribethecoolingtechnologyaccordingtoparagraph5?A.Energy-consuming.B.Air-polluting.C.Environment-friendly.D.Time-saving.15.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.AnintroductiontoQatar’sWorldCup.B.AcleverprofessornicknamedDr.Cool.C.ThereasonforQatar’shightemperatures.D.AsmartcoolingsysteminQatar’sstadiums.第4頁共8頁第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Creativewaystoreducefoodwaste16._____comestowastingfood,partofthisissuemayarisefromlifelonghabits.16._____Nowfollowthesetipstoreduceunnecessarywasteandsaveaprettypennyalongtheway.Planyourmealsandshopyourfridge.Whenyoudon’thaveaclearideaofwhatyouwanttoeat,it’seasytopickupmorethanyouneed,especiallywhenitemsareatadiscount.Itmightseemlikeagreatshort-termoption.17.Planningyourmealsfortheweekinadvancecanbeagreatwaytoavoidthisissue.18.Therearemanyunknowntipsthatcanhelptokeepproducefresh.Forexample,potatoes,carrotsandotherrootvegetableslastlongestiftheyarekeptinthedark.Youcanalsofindmanywaystokeepyourperishables(易腐物品)freshbyusingwater.Overall,learningthebestwaytostoreperishablesisasure-firewaytomakeeverythinglastlonger.Getcreativewithleftovers.Sometimesplanningfailsyouandyouendupwithleftovermealsinyourfridge.19.Tryoutatraditionalrecipe,orconsidersomethingmoreinnovative,likemakingegg-friedrice,whichisactuallymadewithday-oldrice.Trackyourtrash.Doyoufindthatyougetintothehabitofbuyingthesamethingseverysingletimeyousetfootinthesupermarket,yeteveryweekyouhavethingsyouthrowaway?Agoodwayofavoidingfoodwasteistonotedowntheproductswhichendupinthebintimeandtimeagain.20.A.Keepfoodsinthefridge.B.Storeyourproductscorrectly.C.Therefore,youcanavoidbuyingtheminthefuture.D.Luckily,it’seasytolearnhowtochangetheseunwisehabits.E.However,itcancauseyoutospendmuchmoremoneyinthelongterm.F.Thisway,youmaygetintotheshoppingpatternswhichwasteyourmoney.G.Thinkaboutinventivewaystotransformtheminsteadofthrowingthemout.第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共五節(jié)，滿分65分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給A、B、C、D的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。OneSaturdayevening,therewasaknockatmydoor.MyfriendJacquiwasstandingthereholdingabloodstainedtowel21aroundsomething.“Isawhimbeinghitbyacarand22tothesideoftheroad,”shesaid.“It’sanechidna(針鼴猬).Hemayhavelostaleg.”Birdsaremy23specialty.IknowalotaboutthelocalnativevarietiesthatlivearoundthecaravanparkImanage.TheParksandWildlifeofficersandtouristsoftendropoffinjuredbirdstometonursebackto24,butI’dneverhandledanechidna.Itookthislittlecreature,carefully25himand,tomyrelief,sawthatallfourlegswere26.Therewasbloodstreamingfromhisnose.Afewhourslater,Iarrivedhomefromthelocalvet,27withasmalloxygentankandmaskattachedtotheechidna’snose,whowasnestledinsideacage.第5頁共8頁Thenextmorning,Iremovedtheoxygenmask.Heseemed28,backingoff,buthisconditionwasmuchimproved.Wehadanemptyaviary(鳥鳥)inthegardenandinsideitwasalargebath.I29thebathwasthebestplacetokeephim.Iplacedlotsofleaflitteronthe30ofthebathforhimtodigandburyhimselfin.WhenIcheckedonhimthenextday,alltheleaflitterwas31atoneendofthebathandalargeholehadbeendugalongthesideoftheaviary.Therewasnoechidna.Ieventuallyfoundhimattemptingan(a)32underourfrontgate.Hewas33readytogohome,soJacquiandIdrovetothespotwhereshe’dfoundhimandplacedthecageonthe34,andwatchedashehappilywentoff.Theseclevercreaturesknowwhenit’stimeto35andleave.21.A.shownB.wrappedC.placedD.thrown22.A.walkB.rushC.jumpD.roll23.A.usualB.inconvenientC.irregularD.straight24.A.energyB.healthC.figureD.weight25.A.unwrappedB.conservedC.curedD.unlocked26.A.unearthedB.brokenC.unhurtD.connected27.A.decoratedB.suppliedC.armedD.educated28.A.unconsciousB.alarmedC.concernedD.excited29.A.figuredB.mistookC.protectedD.ignored30.A.frontB.topC.surfaceD.bottom31.A.washedawayB.spreadoverC.piledupD.eatenup32.A.fightB.competitionC.escapeD.struggle33.A.luckilyB.obviouslyC.seeminglyD.deliberately34.A.groundB.roadC.carD.tree35.A.celebrateB.honorC.decideD.arrive第二節(jié)(共2小題10空；每空1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面小短文，根據(jù)上下文語境，選擇合適的單詞填入空白處，每個(gè)單詞只使用一次，每個(gè)方框里有一個(gè)是多余的單詞。AA.ChanceB.suitableC.graduatesD.teenagerE.confusedF.challengeAdamisafreshmanatseniorhighschool.Hethinksbeinga36inseniorhighschoolisabig37andevenfeelsalittle38First,theschooladvisorhelpedhimchoosesome39courses,suchaschemistry,Englishandliterature.Obviously,heprefersChineseandhopestobefluentwhenhe40BA.InvestigatedB.preventC.raisedD.likelyE.establishedF.luckyBigchallenges,however,cansometimesleadtogreatsolutions.TaketheAswanDamforexample.Thoughthenewdamwouldbe41tobenefitthelocalpeople,theproposalledtoprotests.Finally,acommitteewas42tolimitdamagetotheEgyptianbuildingsand43thelossofculturalrelics.Thegroupaskedforcontributionsand44funds.Afterexpertshad45theissueandconductedseveraltests,adocumentwassigned.第6頁共8頁第三節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TraditionalChineseMedicinefindsnewpopularityabroad.TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)isbeingusedincreasinglyintheUnitedStates46__________(solve)modernproblemsresultingfromstress47__________(cause)bypoliticalandsocialchanges,includingtheCOVID-19pandemic.Thepracticewhichismorethan2,000yearsold,datesbacktoShangDynasty.Itisusedtotreatback,neckandkneepain,digestingdisorders,highbloodpressure,stress,anxiety,48__________manyothermedicalproblems.Ahumblemanoffewwords,WuYiqiao49__________(practice)TCMinNewYorkCityfor28years,beforewhichheworkedinChinafor15years.Oneofhispatients,amaninhis50s,said:“Wucan‘scan’youinmillisecondsandknow50__________(exact)whatisgoingonbeforeyouevencommunicate51__________him.Ionceexperiencedbloating(腫腫),whichIhadneverhadbefore,butjustone52________(treat)fromDrWusolvedthisissue.”Wusaid:“IjustuseChinese53__________(technique).That’sall.Icanwatchyourface,yourwalkandyourattitudetoseeyourpersonalityandwhatiswrong.”Hispatients,54__________includeamixofChineseandAmericans,mostlyarriveviawordofmouth,asWudoesnothaveawebsite.Wuisoneofthe27,000licensedChinesemedicalprovidersintheUS.55__________isexpectedthattheTCMmarketwillcontinuetogrowby$46billionworldwide.第四節(jié)（共10小題；每題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面的句子，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空。56.I’llmake_____________(arrange)foryoutobemetattheairport.57.Theprogrammeaimstoeducateandpreparestudentsfora____________(challenge)career.58.Theyhavealreadyfiguredouta_____________(solve)totheproblem.59.Weshouldmake_____________(contribute)toourcountry.60.It’shardtokeepmy___________(concentrate)withsuchanoisegoingon.61.Iwas_________(annoy)withhimabouthisbadhabit.62.Ihopeyoucangivea_________(prefer)tomyap