2023屆甘肅省隴南市高三下學(xué)期一模英語試題2

高三英語試卷考生注意：1.本試卷共120分，考試時間100分鐘。2.請將各題答案填寫在答題卡上。第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AJapanisagooddestinationfortravelers.Here’refourplacestovisitinJapan.OsakaOsakaisoneofJapan’slargestcities.Itistopsforstreetfood.Don’tmissitssignaturedish,takoyaki.Italsohasthemostdramaticnightscenes.Thecityhasitsownpace,spiritandenthusiasmforlife.Itsunofficialsloganiskuidaore(eatuntilyoudrop).NaoshimaNaoshimaisoneofJapan’sgreatsuccess.Itwasaruralislandandnearlybecameaghosttown,butnowaworld-classcenterforcontemporaryart.Themixofavant-garde(前衛(wèi)派思想)andruralJapanisattractive.IthasalsoinspiredsomeJapanesetopursueaslowerlifeoutsidethebigcities,relocatingtoNaoshimatoopencafesandinns.MountFujiMountFujiisamongJapan’smostreveredandtimelessattractions.Alargenumberofpeopleclimbiteveryyear.Thosewho’drathersearchforpicture-perfectviewsfromthepeaknearbycanfollowinthestepsofJapan’smostfamouspaintersandpoets.YakushimaYakushima,asmallislandoffthecoastofsouthernKyushu,isoftendescribedasmagicalandenchantingandotherworldlyeven.HometosomeofJapan’slastprimeval(原始的)forests,you’llfindtheyakusugi,anancienttreenativetotheislandwhosegiantrootsformaliententacles(觸手),Hikingtrailsunderneaththemcovercraggyterrain,oftenfuzzywithmoss.ThelandscapehereisbelievedtohaveinspiredthefilmPrincessMononoke.1.WhatdoestheauthoradvisevisitorstodoinOsaka?A.Eatuntiltheydrop.B.Tastethelocalspecialfood.C.Enjoythemostbeautifulscenery.D.Acceptandlearnthelocals’spirit.2.WhydopeopleconsiderNaoshimaasasuccess?A.Ithasattractedmanyartiststoworkthere.B.Itisalwaysamagicalandenchantingplace.C.Ithasbecomeanartcenterfromaremoteisland.D.Itinspiresagreatmanypeopletochangetheirlife.3.Whichplaceisbelievedtobetheinspirationforamovie?A.Osaka. B.Naoshima.C.MountFuji. D.Yakushima.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是日本的四個必游之地的相關(guān)情況。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Osaka部分的“Itistopsforstreetfood.Don’tmissitssignaturedish,takoyaki.(這是街頭小吃的最佳選擇。不要錯過它的招牌菜章魚燒。)”可知，作者建議游客在大阪品嘗當(dāng)?shù)靥厣朗场９蔬xB。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Naoshima部分的“NaoshimaisoneofJapan’sgreatsuccess.Itwasaruralislandandnearlybecameaghosttown,butnowaworld-classcenterforcontemporaryart.(直島是日本最成功的城市之一。它是一個鄉(xiāng)村島嶼，幾乎成為鬼城，但現(xiàn)在是一個世界級的當(dāng)代藝術(shù)中心。)”可知，人們認(rèn)為直島是成功的是因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)從一個偏僻的島嶼變成了一個藝術(shù)中心。故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Yakushima部分的“ThelandscapehereisbelievedtohaveinspiredthefilmPrincessMononoke.(這里的風(fēng)景被認(rèn)為是電影PrincessMononoke的靈感來源。)”可知，屋久被認(rèn)為是電影的靈感來源。故選D。BWhenonedoorclosestoLi,anotheroneopens.Bornwithseverehearingloss,Lihasfoundherwaytocommunicatewiththeworld—throughpainting.Moreover,paintingledLitomeetherhusbandHuattheChangshaVocationalandTechnicalSchool.Losinghishearingduetomedicationwhenhewas1yearold,Huisalsoanart-lover.Beforelearningtopaintinprimaryschool,Lialwaysfeltlonelyinasilentworld.Sheknewshewasdifferentfromherpeersbecauseshecouldnothear.Butapaintingclassopenedforheradoortocreativityandawayofexpression.Graduatingfromcollegein2005,LigotajobasatypistatapublicinstituteinZhuzhou,Hunan.Itwasadecentjobintheeyesofherfather,butLiwasnothappybecauseshecouldnotcommunicatewithothercolleaguesandthelonelyfeelingfromchildhoodcameback.In2016,Liquitthejobandjoinedherhusband’scompany,whichspecializesin3Dwallandgroundpaintings,tobeawallpainter.Allthefivepainterstherearehearing-impaired.“Iknowhowdifficultitisforhearingimpairedpeopletofindajob.SoIwanttohelpthosewhoarepassionateaboutpaintingtopursuetheirdreams,”saidHu,addingthatthecompanyismorelikeafamily.Asallthepeoplearehearing-impaired,communicationwithclientsisthemostcommonchallengethattheteamfaces.Lisaid,“Wecommunicatethroughtypedwords,whichisslowandhascausedustolosesomeclients.”Apartfromthat,Liisconfidentabouttheteam’spaintinganddesignskills.Lihopesthattheirstoriescaninspiremorepeoplefacingsimilarbattles.Thepaintersaid,“Lifecanbechallengingtothehearinglosscommunitywhoaresomehowexcluded(排除)fromconversations,butwearenotalone,andwecanfindourwayofexpressingourselves.”4.WhatdoesLihaveincommonwithherhusband?A.TheyarecrazyaboutpaintingB.Theywerebornwithhearingloss.C.Theysetupacompanyaftergraduation.D.Theystartedlearningpaintingbeforeprimaryschool.5.WhydidHuhirehearing-impairedpeopleinhiscompany?A.Topleasehiswife.B.Torealizehispaintingdream.C.Toprovetheycandoeverything.D.Tohelpthesamepeopleashim.6.WhatcanweinferaboutLi’steammembers?A.Theyareprofessional.B.TheyareallLi’sfamily.CTheyarefamousartists.D.Theycan’tcommunicatewithothers.7.WhatdoLi’swordsinthelastparagraphmean?A.Lifeisnotfairforthedisabled.B.Shehopestobetreatedasanormalperson.C.Sheishopefulabouthercareerandfuturelife.D.Workinginherhusband’scompanymakesherdepressed.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。當(dāng)一扇門關(guān)上時，另一扇門會打開。李出生時患有嚴(yán)重的聽力損失，她通過繪畫找到了與世界交流的方式。此外，繪畫讓李在長沙職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)校遇到了她的丈夫胡。她對自己的事業(yè)和未來的生活充滿希望?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Bornwithseverehearingloss,Lihasfoundherwaytocommunicatewiththeworld—throughpainting.Moreover,paintingledLitomeetherhusbandHuattheChangshaVocationalandTechnicalSchool.(出生時患有嚴(yán)重的聽力損失，她通過繪畫找到了與世界交流的方式。此外，繪畫讓李在長沙職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)校遇到了她的丈夫胡)”可知，李和她丈夫的共同之處是他們對繪畫很著迷。故選A。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Iknowhowdifficultitisforhearingimpairedpeopletofindajob.SoIwanttohelpthosewhoarepassionateaboutpaintingtopursuetheirdreams,(我知道聽障人士找工作有多難。所以我想幫助那些熱愛繪畫的人去追求自己的夢想)”可知，胡在他的公司雇傭聽障人士是為了去幫助和他一樣的人。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Apartfromthat,Liisconfidentabouttheteam’spaintinganddesignskills.(除此之外，李對團(tuán)隊(duì)的繪畫和設(shè)計(jì)技能很有信心)”可知，關(guān)于李的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員，我們可以推斷出他們很專業(yè)。故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Lifecanbechallengingtothehearinglosscommunitywhoaresomehowexcluded(排除)fromconversations,butwearenotalone,andwecanfindourwayofexpressingour-selves.(聽力損失群體的生活可能充滿挑戰(zhàn)，他們不知何故被排除在對話之外，但我們并不孤單，我們可以找到表達(dá)自我的方式)”可知，最后一段李的話是她對自己的事業(yè)和未來的生活充滿希望。故選C。CJapanesearchaeologists(考古學(xué)家)haveuncoveredal7.5-foot-longironsswordandabronzemirrorfromanancienttombnearthecityofNara.Researchersfoundbothartifactswhileunearthingal,600-year-oldsitecalledTomioMaruyama.Theweapon,knownasadakosword,issolargethatitwaslikelyneverusedforself-defense,servinginsteadasameansofprotectionagainstevilafterdeath.Likeotherdakoswordsunearthedinthecountry,thisonelookslikeasnake.Duetotheartifact’ssize,theresearchersinitiallythoughttheyhadfoundmultipleswordslinedupnexttoeachother.Expertssaidthemirror,whichisshapedlikeashield(盾),wasalsolikelyusedtoshunevilspirits.Itmeasures25inchesby12inchesandweighsmorethan12pounds,makingitthelargestofitskinddiscoveredinJapan,too.ThefindsoffernewinsightsintotheKofunperiod,whichlastedfromaroundtheyear250ADto538ADandisnamedforthedistinctivetombmounds,constructedtoburymembersoftherulingclass.KosakuOkabayashi,thedeputydirectorforNaraprefecture’sArchaeologicalInstituteofKashihara,said,“ThesediscoveriesindicatethatthetechnologyoftheKofunperiodisbeyondwhathadbeenimagined,andtheyaremasterpiecesinmetalworkfromthatperiod.”Japanishometoanestimated160,000burialmoundsfromtheKofunperiod,thoughtheTomioMaruyamakofunisparticularlylarge.Measuring350feetindiameterandupto32feettall,itdatesbacktothelatefourthcentury.Archaeologiststhinkithassomeconnectiontoaninfluentialpersonwhosupportedtherulersoftheday,theimperialYamatofamily.Basedonthepresenceofthetwoartifacts,thedeadpersonmayhavebeeninvolvedinmilitaryandritualisticmatters.Sofar,theresearchershavediscoveredacoffinbutnohumanremainsintheburialchamber.8.Howdidresearchersfindanironsswordandabronzemirror?A.Byexploringanoldtomb.B.Byaskingexperiencedlocalvillagers.CBysearchingformuchinformationonline.D.Bycarefullystudyinghistoricalmaterials.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheironsword?A.Itisinaverysmallsize.B.Itlookslikeasharpshield.C.Itwasmainlyusedforself-defense.D.Itmightbeusedtodrivetheevilaway.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shun”inparagraph3mean?A.Schedule. B.Design. C.Avoid. D.Express.11.WhatisKosakuOkabayashi’sattitudetowardsthetwodiscoveriesinparagraph4?A.Negative. B.Appreciative. C.Unclear. D.Indifferent.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講的是日本考古學(xué)家在奈良市附近的一座古墓中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一把7.5英尺長的鐵劍和一面銅鏡?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Researchersfoundbothartifactswhileunearthingal,600-year-oldsitecalledTomioMaruyama.(研究人員在發(fā)掘一個有1600年歷史的名為TomioMaruyama的遺址時發(fā)現(xiàn)了這兩件文物)”可知，研究人員通過探索一座古老的墳?zāi)拱l(fā)現(xiàn)了一把鐵劍和一面銅鏡，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Theweapon,knownasadakosword,issolargethatitwaslikelyneverusedforself-defense,servinginsteadasameansofprotectionagainstevilafterdeath.(這種武器被稱為dako劍，它太大了，可能從來沒有被用來自衛(wèi)，而是作為死后抵御邪惡的一種手段)”可知，鐵劍可以用來驅(qū)除邪惡。故選D?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的“Theweapon,knownasadakosword,issolargethatitwaslikelyneverusedforself-defense,servinginsteadasameansofprotectionagainstevilafterdeath.(這種武器被稱為dako劍，它太大了，可能從來沒有被用來自衛(wèi)，而是作為死后抵御邪惡的一種手段)”和第三段的“wasalsolikelyusedto”以及“evilspirits(惡鬼)”可知，這面形狀像盾牌的鏡子也可能是用來避邪的，劃線詞shun的意思是“避開，躲開”，和avoid意思相近，故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“ThesediscoveriesindicatethatthetechnologyoftheKofunperiodisbeyondwhathadbeenimagined,andtheyaremasterpiecesinmetalworkfromthatperiod.(這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明Kofun時期的技術(shù)超出了人們的想象，它們是那個時期金屬制品的杰作)”可知，KosakuOkabayashi覺得這兩個發(fā)現(xiàn)有重大意義，因此態(tài)度是贊賞的，故選B。DAtechcompanyunveiled(推出)itssecondself-designedchipanditslatestaugmentedreality(AR)glassesonWednesdayinitslatestefforttobeefupresearchanddevelopment(R&D)andaccelerateitstransformationfromasmartphonecompany.Asthecompany’ssecondcustom-developedchipafterChipXdedicatedimagingchip,ChipYisnotasuccessor,butaBluetoothaudiochip.ChipYallowsfora50percentincreaseinBluetoothbandwidth(帶寬)comparedwithitstopcompetitors,thecompanysaid.Jiang,seniordirectorofchipproductsatthecompany,sadasaflagshipchipwithadvancedtechnologies,ChipYcanhelpenhance“soundquality”and“intelligence”inuser’saudioexperience.AtaneventheldonWednesday,thecompanyalsounveileditslatestARglasses.Weighingjust38grams,thenewproductisabletomakecalls,conductreal-timetranslation,providelocation-basednavigation(導(dǎo)航),convertvoiceintotextforpeoplewithhearingimpairmentsandmore,Thelensesalsosupportvisioncorrection.Chen,founderandCEOofthecompany,saidthecompanyaimstobeatechpioneerthroughlong-termresearchanddevelopmentinputs,“Wehavetheabilitytosharpenaswordin10years.Wewillmakeeveryefforttoimproveourtechnologies.”Xiang,director-generalofthenforminConsumptionAlance,atelecomindustryassociation,saidChinesecompaniesincreasinglyvaluestrongR&Dinputsintocrucialtechnologiessuchaschips,ARandVR.Tostrengthenitself,thecompanyactivelycooperatewithothertechcompanies.Lastweek,thecompanyannouncedithadcooperatedwithanothertechcompany.Feng,chiefintellectualpropertyofficeratthecompany,saidthemovedemonstratesthatthetwocompaniesrecognizeandgreatlyrespectthevalueofeachother’sintellectualproperty.Itisawin-windealforbothsides.12.Whatisthepurposeofparagraphl?AToarousereaders’interest.B.TotellreadersthedefinitionofAR.C.Toshowthecompany’stoughsituation.D.Toraiseaquestiononbeefingupresearch.13.WhatcanwelearnaboutChipY?A.ItisasuccessorofChipX.B.Itisbeingimprovedtoahighlevel.C.IthaslargerbandwidththanChipX.D.Itappealstopeoplerequiringtonequality.14.HowdoesFengfeellikethecooperation?A.Itisrare. B.Itisunfair.C.Itispromising. D.Itisembarrassing.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AnotherChoiceBesidesChipXB.ATechCompanyIntroducesNewProductsC.ABetterExperienceBroughtByNewARGlassesD.ASmartphoneCompanyWillAccelerateItsTransformation【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了一家科技公司發(fā)布了第二款自主設(shè)計(jì)的芯片和最新的擴(kuò)增實(shí)境（AR）眼鏡，這是該公司加強(qiáng)研發(fā)、加速從一家智能手機(jī)公司轉(zhuǎn)型的最新努力?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Atechcompanyunveiled(推出)itssecondself-designedchipanditslatestaugmentedreality(AR)glassesonWednesdayinitslatestefforttobeefupresearchanddevelopment(R&D)andaccelerateitstransformationfromasmartphonecompany.(周三，一家科技公司發(fā)布了第二款自主設(shè)計(jì)的芯片和最新的擴(kuò)增實(shí)境（AR）眼鏡，這是該公司加強(qiáng)研發(fā)、加速從一家智能手機(jī)公司轉(zhuǎn)型的最新努力)”可知，第一段開門見山地報(bào)道了一家公司開發(fā)了新產(chǎn)品——第二款自主設(shè)計(jì)的芯片和最新的擴(kuò)增實(shí)境（AR）眼鏡，從而吸引讀者繼續(xù)讀，去了解新產(chǎn)品。由此推知，第一段的目的是吸引讀者興趣，故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ChipYcanhelpenhance“soundquality”and“intelligence”inuser’saudioexperience.(芯片Y可以幫助提高“聲音質(zhì)量”和“智能”在用戶的音頻體驗(yàn))”可知，ChipY吸引那些對音質(zhì)有要求的人。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Feng,chiefintellectualpropertyofficeratthecompany,saidthemovedemonstratesthatthetwocompaniesrecognizeandgreatlyrespectthevalueofeachother’sintellectualproperty.Itisawin-windealforbothsides.(該公司首席知識產(chǎn)權(quán)官馮表示，此舉表明，兩家公司承認(rèn)并非常尊重對方的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)價(jià)值。這對雙方來說都是一個雙贏的交易)”可推知，F(xiàn)eng認(rèn)為兩家公司的合作很有前途。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Atechcompanyunveiled(推出)itssecondself-designedchipanditslatestaugmentedreality(AR)glassesonWednesdayinitslatestefforttobeefupresearchanddevelopment(R&D)andaccelerateitstransformationfromasmartphonecompany.(周三，一家科技公司發(fā)布了第二款自主設(shè)計(jì)的芯片和最新的擴(kuò)增實(shí)境（AR）眼鏡，這是該公司加強(qiáng)研發(fā)、加速從一家智能手機(jī)公司轉(zhuǎn)型的最新努力)”可知，文章第一段開門見山地介紹了一家技術(shù)公司發(fā)布了新產(chǎn)品，接著文章對此進(jìn)行詳細(xì)介紹。由此可知，B項(xiàng)“一家科技公司推出新產(chǎn)品”適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Weneedastablesourceofincometoprovideforourneeds.Weneedtokeepourjobs.Butdespitethis,therearestillalotofgoodemployeesthatquit.Why?Somepeopleimmediatelyassumethattheneedforabiggersalaryisthemainreasonforemployeesleavingtheirjobs.____16____.Beingoverworked.Oneofthetopreasonswhygoodoreventhebestemployeesleaveistoomuchworkloaddumpedonthem.____17____.Usually,moreandmoresimilarworkwouldbeassignedtothem.Theresult?Burnout.So,givingtheemployeesroomtobreatheisagoodwaytopreventtheseemployeesfromleaving.Lackofgrowthopportunities.Employerswishtheirstaffcanbetterworkforthem.____18____Asemployees,theyhopetolookforgrowthopportunities.Offeringcoursesandtrainingthatwouldimproveandenhancetheirskillscanhelpthemtoseegrowthinthecompany.Lackofappreciation.Evenalittlechildwouldreallyshowmoreenthusiasmiftheireffortsarerewardedandappreciated.Raisesandbonusesaregood,butgivingasalaryincreaseormonetaryrewardsaren’ttheonlywaystoshowrecognitionorappreciation.____19____.Evenabitofappreciationcanhelpinmakinganemployeefeelmorevalued.____20____.Whenanemployeehasbeenwiththecompanyforalongtime,doingthesametaskseveryday,theymayloseinterestbecausetheworkbecomesmonotonous(單調(diào)乏味的)forthem.Engagingtheemployeesinanothertypeofworkintheofficecanregaintheirinterestandhelpthemlearnnewskills,too.A.LackoftasksB.LackofchallengesC.However,it’snotalwaysaboutthemoneyD.EmployeesmayshowhowgoodtheyareatsomethingE.EmployeeshavebeendoingthesamethingforalongtimeF.Sometimes,asimple“Greatjob!”or“Goodwork!”willdoG.Meanwhile,employeeswishtoimprovethemselvesinthecompany【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.F20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章解釋了員工離職的一些原因?！?6題詳解】上文“Somepeopleimmediatelyassumethattheneedforabiggersalaryisthemainreasonforemployeesleavingtheirjobs.(一些人立即認(rèn)為，需要更高的工資是員工離職的主要原因。)”提到一些人認(rèn)為員工離職的原因是想要更高的工資，根據(jù)下文每段中心句“Beingoverworked(過度勞累)”，“Lackofgrowthopportunities(缺乏成長機(jī)會)”，“Lackofappreciation.(不懂感恩。)”可知，下文解釋了員工離職的一些其他原因，由此可知，空處應(yīng)該指出不止是需要更高的工資導(dǎo)致員工離職，還有其他原因，C項(xiàng)“然而，并不總是為了錢”符合，引起下文，故選C。【17題詳解】上文“Oneofthetopreasonswhygoodoreventhebestemployeesleaveistoomuchworkloaddumpedonthem.(優(yōu)秀員工甚至是最優(yōu)秀員工離職的最主要原因之一就是他們承擔(dān)了太多的工作量。)”提到優(yōu)秀員工甚至是最優(yōu)秀員工離職的最主要原因之一就是他們承擔(dān)了太多的工作量，下文“Usually,moreandmoresimilarworkwouldbeassignedtothem.Theresult?Burnout.(通常，會有越來越多類似的工作分配給他們。結(jié)果呢？倦怠。)”解釋了優(yōu)秀的員工是如何承擔(dān)太多工作量的，空處應(yīng)該是引起下文，解釋造成越來越多類似的工作分配給他們的原因，D項(xiàng)“員工可能會展示他們在某些方面有多么出色?！狈?，和下文是因果關(guān)系，故選D?！?8題詳解】上文“Employerswishtheirstaffcanbetterworkforthem.(老板希望他們的員工能更好地為他們工作。)”提到老板對員工的要求，G項(xiàng)“同時，員工希望在公司里提高自己。”指出員工的要求，和上文是并列關(guān)系，同時符合本段中心“Lackofgrowthopportunities(缺乏成長機(jī)會)”即員工離職是因?yàn)闆]有得到提高，故選G?！?9題詳解】上文“Raisesandbonusesaregood,butgivingasalaryincreaseormonetaryrewardsaren’ttheonlywaystoshowrecognitionorappreciation.(加薪和獎金固然好，但是給予加薪或者金錢獎勵并不是表示認(rèn)可或者贊賞的唯一方式。)”提到加薪或者金錢獎勵并不是表示認(rèn)可或者贊賞員工的唯一方式，空處應(yīng)該指出其他方法來表示對員工的認(rèn)可或者贊賞，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“有時候，一句簡單的“干得好！”會有用”符合，故選F?！?0題詳解】此處是本段中心句，根據(jù)下文“Whenanemployeehasbeenwiththecompanyforalongtime,doingthesametaskseveryday,theymayloseinterestbecausetheworkbecomesmonotonous(單調(diào)乏味的)forthem.(當(dāng)一個員工在公司工作了很長時間，每天做同樣的工作，他們可能會失去興趣，因?yàn)楣ぷ鲗λ麄儊碚f變得單調(diào)乏味。)”可知，本段解釋了員工離職的原因是缺乏挑戰(zhàn)，B項(xiàng)“缺乏挑戰(zhàn)”能概括本段內(nèi)容，故選B。第二部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。JamesWarrensawawomansittinginthedirtwhilewaitingforabusataseatlessstopinDenver.Herealizedhecouldputhiscarpentry(木工)____21____togooduse.Themandecidedto____22____abenchfromscrap(碎片)constructionwoodand____23____amuch-neededseatatthestop.His____24____istomakepeople’stransitridingalittlebit____25____.Warrenhasmadeandplacedanotherseven____26____atotherstopsaroundthecity,withplanstokeepgoing.He____27____thewords“BeKind”oneachbench.Withadadintheconstructionfield,Warren____28____surroundedbytools.Sofiguringouthowtocreatethebenchesisjustinhis____29____.“Ihavealwaysbeen_____30_____makingthings,whichreallymakesmeveryhappy,”hesaid.“Makingthingsreally_____31_____meup.”Aboutfiveyearsago,Warrenchosenottodrivehiscartowork_____32_____,hetakesbuseswhenheisn’twalkingor_____33_____toadestination.Overtheyears,hehasnoticedmanyabusstopwithout_____34_____.Thus,itisnothardforhimto_____35_____astopthatneedssomelove.It_____36_____Warrenaboutthreehourstobuildabench.Onceheplaceshis_____37_____atastop,hedoesasurveytofindoutjusthowmuch_____38_____likethem.Everyonewhohehasaskedsofarhasjustbeensothankfuland_____39_____.Buthesaidtheworldneedmore_____40_____andthathewouldbedoingitevenifnobodyeversaidanythinglikethat.21.A.presents B.desires C.talents D.passions22.A.produce B.buy C.borrow D.rent23.A.hide B.place C.order D.sell24.A.motivation B.survey C.crime D.similarity25.A.safer B.faster C.easier D.rarer26.A.carpets B.benches C.signs D.machines27.A.spots B.read C.writes D.sees28.A.grewup B.setout C.wentahead D.tookin29.A.faith B.opinion C.honor D.blood30.A.selfishly B.personally C.previously D.anxiously31.A.fills B.wakes C.follows D.gives32.A.Therefore B.Instead C.Otherwise D.However33.A.driving B.flying C.biking D.swimming34.A.travellers B.individuals C.routines D.seats35.A.locate B.build C.catch D.reach36.A.charges B.spends C.allows D.takes37.A.imagination B.composition C.creation D.ambition38.A.passengers B.runners C.walkers D.makers39.A.anxious B.energetic C.modest D.appreciative40.A.skills B.kindness C.curiosity D.challenge【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.A25.C26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A36.D37.C38.A39.D40.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了JamesWarren看到一個女人坐在地上等公交車時，于是他開始發(fā)揮自己木匠天賦，為車站不斷制作長椅的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他意識到他可以把他木工天賦用在好的地方。A.presents禮物；B.desires渴望；C.talents天賦；D.passions激情。由下文“Sofiguringouthowtocreatethebenchesisjustinhis____9___”和文章提到Warren制作長椅可知，他是有當(dāng)木工的天賦的，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個人決定用碎木頭做一個長凳，并在車站放置一個急需的座位。A.produce生產(chǎn)；制作；B.buy買；C.borrow借。D.rent出租。由下文“benchfromscrap(碎片)constructionwood”和“Warrenhasmadeandplacedanotherseven___7_atotherstopsaroundthecity”可知，Warren制作長椅，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個人決定用碎木頭做一個長凳，并在車站放置一個急需的座位。A.hide隱藏；B.place放置；C.order下訂單；D.sell賣。由下文“Warrenhasmadeandplacedanotherseven___7_atotherstopsaroundthecity”可知，在車站放置一個急需的座，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的動機(jī)是讓人們乘坐交通工具更舒適一些。A.motivation動機(jī)；B.survey調(diào)查；C.crime犯罪；D.similarity相似性。由下文“istomakepeople’stransitridingalittlebit”可知，此處指他制作長椅的動機(jī)，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的動機(jī)是讓人們乘坐交通工具更舒適一些。A.safer更安全的；B.faster更快的；C.easier更簡單的；更舒適的；D.rarer更稀少的。由常識可知，在車站放置座位，這會讓乘客在等車的時候更加舒服，故選C。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沃倫已經(jīng)在城市周圍的其他站點(diǎn)制作并放置了另外七個長椅，他計(jì)劃繼續(xù)做下去。A.carpets地毯；B.benches長椅；C.signs指示牌；D.machines機(jī)器。由上文“bench”可知，此處指制作并放置了另外七個長椅，此處是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他在每張長椅上寫下“友善”這兩個字。A.spots認(rèn)出；B.read閱讀；C.writes寫；D.sees看見。由下文“thewords“BeKind”oneachbench.”可知，寫下“友善”這兩個字，故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：父親在建筑工地工作，沃倫在充滿工具的環(huán)境中長大。A.grewup成長；B.setout出發(fā)；C.wentahead前行；D.tookin吸收。由上文“Withadadintheconstructionfield,Warren”和語境可知，他從小在充滿工具的環(huán)境中長大，故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以知道如何制作長椅是他的專長。A.faith信心；B.opinion觀點(diǎn)；C.honor榮幸；D.blood血液。由上文“Sofiguringouthowtocreatethebenchesisjustinhis”和第一段提到的他有做木匠的天賦可知，制作長椅這是他天生就會的，inone’sblood固定搭配，意為“天生的、骨子里就有的”，故選D。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他說:“我總是親自制作東西，這真的讓我很高興?！盇.selfishly自私地；B.personally個人地；親自地；C.previously先前地；D.anxiously焦急地。由下文“makingthings,whichreallymakesmeveryhappy,”和語境可知，他總是親自制作東西，故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：制作東西真的讓我充實(shí)。A.fills填滿；使充滿；B.wakes醒來；C.follows跟隨；D.gives給。由上文“whichreallymakesmeveryhappy,”可知，制作東西使他快樂，讓他感到充實(shí)，此處fillsb.up意為“使某人充實(shí)”，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，當(dāng)他不步行或騎自行車去目的地時，他乘坐公共汽車。A.Therefore因此；B.Instead代替；相反；C.Otherwise否則；D.However然而。由上文“Aboutfiveyearsago,Warrenchosenottodrivehiscartowork”和下文“hetakesbuseswhenheisn’twalkingor”可知，上下文是相反關(guān)系，應(yīng)用instead，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，當(dāng)他不步行或騎自行車去目的地時，他乘坐公共汽車。A.driving開車；B.flying飛行；C.biking騎自行車；D.swimming游泳。由上文“Warrenchosenottodrivehiscartowork”和“whenheisn’twalkingor”可知，當(dāng)他不步行或騎自行車去目的地時，他乘坐公共汽車，上文“Warrenchosenottodrivehiscartowork”提到了他不開車去上班，所以此處指“騎自行車”，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些年來，他注意到許多公共汽車站沒有座位。A.travellers旅行者；B.individuals個人；C.routines路線；D.seats座位。由上文“Overtheyears,hehasnoticedmanyabusstopwithout”和全文提到的他為公交站制作長椅可知，此處指許多公共汽車站沒有座位，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，他不難找到一個需要一些愛的地方。A.locate找到、定位；B.build建造；C.catch抓?。籇.reach到達(dá)。由上文“hehasnoticedmanyabusstop”以及提到的他乘坐公交去上班，發(fā)現(xiàn)很多公交站沒有座位可知，他不難找到一個需要長椅的地方，故選A。【36題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沃倫要花大約三個小時才能做好一個長凳。A.charges要價(jià)；B.spends花費(fèi)；C.allows允許；D.takes花費(fèi)。由下文“Warrenaboutthreehourstobuildabench.”可知，他要花大約三個小時才能做好一個長凳，ittakes/tooksb.timetodo固定句型，意為“做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時間”，故選D。37題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一旦他把他的作品放在一個車站，他會做一個調(diào)查，看看有多少乘客喜歡它們。A.imagination想象；B.composition作曲；C.creation作品；D.ambition雄心。由上文“heplaceshis”和下文“atastop”可知，他把他的作品，即長椅放在車站，故選C。【38題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一旦他把他的作品放在一個車站，他會做一個調(diào)查，看看有多少乘客喜歡它們。A.passengers乘客；B.runners跑步者；C.walkers步行者；D.makers制造者。由上文“atastop”可知，在車站放長椅，車站坐車的都是乘客，所以此處指看看有多少乘客喜歡它們，故選A。【39題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：到目前為止，他調(diào)查的每個人都非常感激。A.anxious焦慮的；B.energetic精力充沛的；C.modest謙虛的；D.appreciative欣賞的；感激的。由上文“sothankful”可知，乘客很感激，故選D。【40題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但他說，這個世界需要更多的善意，即使沒有人說過這樣的話，他也會這樣做。A.skills技巧；B.kindness友善；C.curiosity好奇；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。由上文“astopthatneedssomelove.”可知，此處指這個世界需要更多的善意，故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Analysisofmillionsofinfrared(紅外線)photosandtensof____41____(thousand)ofvideosshowsthattheSanjiangyuanareaintheheartoftheQinghai-TibetPlateauhasoneofthemostcompletefoodchainsintheworld.Theanalysis____42____(carry)outbytheShanShuiConservationCentremorethanadecadeago.AprofessorofconservationbiologyatPekingUniversity,____43____foundedthecenterin2007andhas____44____(continuous)workedonthepreservationofSanjiangyuanfor17years,said,“Conservationofnatureisnotaboutshoutingslogans(口號)relatedtokeepingrareanimalsaliveItisnotsomethingyoucanlearnfromtextbooks.Realityalways____45____(tell)uswhattheproblemis.Apartfromprotectinganimalsandtheenvironment,weneedtopayattentiontothepeoplewhosharethenaturalenvironment____46____wildlife.Wildlifeconservationisalldowntohumans”.Sinceher20s,theprofessorhasbeendevotedtoprotecting____47____researchingendangeredwildlifesuchaspandasandsnowleopards,____48____(promote)theestablishmentofprotectedareasandrelatedlawsandpolicies.Theconservationcenterhasworkedwiththepark’smanagementcommittee____49____(develop)supervisory(監(jiān)管)systems,andprovidedproductdesign_____50_____(solution)fornatureexperienceprograms.【答案】41.moting49.todevelop50.solutions【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了北京大學(xué)保護(hù)生物學(xué)教授持續(xù)致力于三江源保護(hù)17年。【41題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：對數(shù)百萬張紅外照片和數(shù)萬段視頻的分析表明，位于青藏高原中心的三江源地區(qū)擁有世界上最完整的食物鏈之一。表示“數(shù)萬”短語為thousandsof。故填thousands?！?2題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：這項(xiàng)分析是由山水自然保育中心在十多年前進(jìn)行的。主語analysis與謂語動詞carry構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)后文morethanadecadeago可知為一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語是單數(shù)，be動詞應(yīng)用was。故填wascarried?！?3題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他是北京大學(xué)保護(hù)生物學(xué)教授，于2007年創(chuàng)立了該中心，17年來一直致力于三江源的保護(hù)工作。非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞professor，在從句中作主語，指人，故填who?！?4題詳解】考查副詞。句意：他是北京大學(xué)保護(hù)生物學(xué)教授，于2007年創(chuàng)立了該中心，17年來一直致力于三江源的保護(hù)工作。修飾動詞work應(yīng)用副詞continuously，作狀語。故填continuously?！?5題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：現(xiàn)實(shí)總是告訴我們問題所在。根據(jù)后文is可知為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為Reality，為不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用三單形式。故填tells。【46題詳解】考查介詞。句意：除了保護(hù)動物和環(huán)境，我們還需要關(guān)注那些與野生動物共享自然環(huán)境的人們。表示“和……分享”短語為sharewith。故填with。【47題詳解】考查連詞。句意：自20多歲以來，她一直致力于保護(hù)和研究大熊貓、雪豹等瀕危野生動物，推動保護(hù)區(qū)的建立和相關(guān)法律政策的制定。此處protecting與researching為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞and。故填and。【48題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：自20多歲以來，她一直致力于保護(hù)和研究大熊貓、雪豹等瀕危野生動物，推動保護(hù)區(qū)的建立和相關(guān)法律政策的制定。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知promote與邏輯主語theprofessor構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填promoting?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：保護(hù)中心與公園管理委員會合作開發(fā)了監(jiān)督系統(tǒng)，并為自然體驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目提供了產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)解決方案。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知develop作目的狀語，應(yīng)用不定式。故填todevelop?！?0題詳解】考查名詞。句意：保護(hù)中心與公園管理委員會合作開發(fā)了監(jiān)督系統(tǒng)，并為自然體驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目提供了產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)解決方案。作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞solution，前文沒有冠詞故用復(fù)數(shù)形式表示泛指。故填solutions。第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)51.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Asseniorhighschoolstudents,weoftenimaginewhichwewilldointhefuture.Forme,IexpectbeaChineseteacherworkinginanEnglish-speakingcountry.First,I’manoutgoingboywithoutgreatpatience.Besides,Ihadagoodcommand