《建筑初步》之建筑概論

建筑初步Architecturedesigne7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5Ce7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C1、建筑功能

建筑分為居住、教育、交通、醫(yī)療……，但各種類型的建筑都應滿足下述基本功能要求：

（1）人體活動尺度的要求

（2）人的生理和心理要求

（3）人的使用要求：

流線、疏散建筑概論構成建筑的基本要素建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C1、建筑的功能

建筑分為居住、教育、交通、醫(yī)療……，但各種類型的建筑都應滿足下述基本功能要求：

（3）人的使用要求：

流線、疏散你能想到哪些建筑是有流線順序要求的？e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5Ce7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C1、建筑的功能

建筑分為居住、教育、交通、醫(yī)療……，但各種類型的建筑都應滿足下述基本功能要求：

（2）人的生理和心理要求

建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C1、建筑的功能

建筑分為居住、教育、交通、醫(yī)療……，但各種類型的建筑都應滿足下述基本功能要求：

（1）人體活動尺度的要求門高、寬窗臺高座椅高走道寬（n人并行）……建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C2、物質技術條件（1）建筑結構（2）建筑材料（3）建筑施工（4）建筑形象：

比例、尺度、對比、韻律、均衡、穩(wěn)定建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C2、物質技術條件（1）建筑結構建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C2、物質技術條件（2）建筑材料建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C2、物質技術條件（3）建筑施工建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C2、物質技術條件（4）建筑形象：

比例、尺度、對比、韻律、均衡、穩(wěn)定建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C2、物質技術條件（4）建筑形象：

比例：建筑各種長短、高矮、大小等的比較關系。推敲比例！建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C2、物質技術條件（4）建筑形象：

尺度：建筑與人之間的關系，建筑各部分之間的關系。建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C2、物質技術條件（4）建筑形象：

尺度：建筑與人之間的關系，建筑各部分之間的關系。建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C2、物質技術條件（4）建筑形象：

對比：形狀、質地、方向、虛實……建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C2、物質技術條件（4）建筑形象：

韻律建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C2、物質技術條件（4）建筑形象：

均衡：對稱、不對稱建筑概論建筑基本構成要素e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C2、物質技術條件（4）建筑形象：

穩(wěn)定：建筑重心不超過底面積范圍時。建筑概論建筑空間e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C1、空間和人對空間的感受

在我們周圍的生活中，可以看到人們用各種手段取得適合于自己需要的空間。你想坐哪個位置？把自己設身處地放在你的設計里建筑概論建筑空間e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C

建筑空間是一種人為的空間。在建筑藝術表現方面，古典建筑更傾向于把建筑視為一種造型藝術(實），在建筑的實體處理上取得了極高的成就。

近代建筑則更加強調建筑的空間以，認為建筑是空間藝術（虛）。e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C建筑概論建筑空間e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C建筑概論建筑空間e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5Ce7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C建筑概論建筑空間e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C3、

建筑空間與建筑功能

（1）空間大小與形狀

平面形狀

剖面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建筑概論建筑空間e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C3、

建筑空間與建筑功能

（2）空間組織：

A、根據空間屬性劃分

流通空間與滯留空間

公共空間和私密空間

主導空間與從屬空間建筑概論建筑空間e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C3、

建筑空間與建筑功能

（2）空間組織：

B、根據空間組織劃分

并列關系

序列關系

主從關系

綜合關系建筑概論建筑空間處理手法e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C4、

建筑空間處理手法

（1）空間的限定：垂直、水平、綜合

建筑概論建筑空間處理手法e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C4、

建筑空間處理手法

（2）空間的穿插與貫通（水平、垂直）：

功能需求、增加空間層次感與流動感。

建筑概論建筑空間e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C老子曰：“埏植以為器，當其無有器之用。鑿戶牖以為室，當其無，有室之用。故有之以為利，無之以為用?！濒酆橡ね磷龀善骶撸驗橹虚g是空的，所以才有器具的作用。鑿了門窗蓋成一個房子，正因為中間是空的，才有房子的作用?！苯ㄖ耪摻ㄖ臻ge7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC088C283181605E184D6D6879568EB73EB808A103F0784C8DFC3E9CDD14B61FDDA6A8A6237D2DFE3BBAEC8979D824A43E015648F6CB3D1F8D3E352A4BDC9925C075CFF312C4A0BE75FDF5C建筑設計空間的藝術課后作業(yè)e7d195523061f1c01da5a1f0837ac25283df40ff0a16bfd61AE6AB84AD7EB485CA8019BF267F2027DE2BF09650313B56A435BB3664F8B916CA3777391AC0