2023年考研外語(yǔ)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)9

考研外語(yǔ)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)9一、UseofEnglish1>Thoughsomepeoplehavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturntohouseworkinordertoleave(1)jobsformen,theideahasbeenrejectedbybothwomenandmeninpublic(2)polls.Latelysomeunionofficialshavesuggestedthattoomanywomenareemployedintypesofworkwere(3)formenandthatwomenshouldstepasidetomake(4)forunemployedyoungmen.Theyarguethatwomen,especiallywomenintheirchild-bearingyears.(5)delayeconomicdevelopmentandresult(6)lowerproductivity,poorqualityandinefficiency.Tosolvetheproblem,theysuggestedthatworkingwomenstayathome(7)theirhusbandsorbrothersweregivendoublewages.Theyarguethat(8)thesecircumstances,familieswould(9)theirsamelevelofincome,andwomencouldrunthehouseand(10)childrenmuchbetter.Thesuggestion,(11),hasbeenflatlyrejectedby9outof10people(12).Someotherpeoplehavesuggestedanotherway(13)"phasedtookadvantageofrate-cutspolicyasaninsurancepolicy.isfairlyconservativeinraisingshort-terminterestrates.triedtostopconsumerpricesfromfreefallingbutinvain.placemonetarypolicy-makinginthehandsofWalkStreeters.5、ThepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthetextistoA.refutethenotionthatshort-termrateswillgoupdramatically.B.justifytheoptimismofWallStreeterstowardseconomicrecoveries.C.elaborateontheuncertaintiesofFed'spolicy-makingstrategies.D.illustratethebalancebetweenweaknessandexcessivegrowth.6、“Worsethanuseless,fumedDarrellIssa,aRepublicancongressmanfromCalifornia,onMarch19th,whentheHouseJudiciaryCommitteeheldahearingontheImmigrationandNaturalizationService."Terrible,andgettingworse,/zaddedZoeLofgren,aDemocraticcolleaguewhohaskeptawatchfuleyeontheINSfortenyears.CommitteememberslineduptotakeswingsatJamesZiglar,theheadoftheINS.Heexplained,somewhatpathetically,that“outdatedprocedures^hadkeptthevisa-processingwheelsgrindingslowlythroughabacklogofapplications.Healsohadsomenewrulesinmindtotightenupvisas.Speedingupthepaperwork一andgettingmoreofitontocomputers一isvital,buttheSeptemberattackshaveexposedthetensionbetweentheagency'stwojobs:ontheonehandenforcingthesecurityofAmerica'sborders,andontheothergrantingprivilegessuchasworkpermitstoforeigners.Butotherpeoplewantmoreradicalchanges.JamesSensenbrenner,aRepublicancongressmanfromWisconsin,wantstosplittheINSintotwoseparatebodies,onedealingwithbordersecurityandtheotherwithhandlingbenefitstoimmigrants.Theotherapproach,favoredintheWhiteHouse,istotreatthetwofunctionsascomplementary,andtogivetheINSevenmoreresponsibilityforsecurity.Underthatplan,theINSwouldmergewiththeCustomsService,whichmonitorsthe20mshipmentsofgoodsbroughtintoAmericaeveryyear,aswellasthebagscarriedinbysome500mvisitors.Thetwoagencieswouldform,onelargebodywithintheDepartmentofJustice,thecurrenthomeoftheINS.Thiswouldcutoutsomeoftheduplicatedeffortatborders,wherecustomsofficersandagentsfromtheINS'sBorderPatroloftenrubshouldersbutdonotworktogether.Mr.Bush一whohassaidthatthenewsofthevisaapprovalslefthim“plentyhot”—wasexpectedtogivehisapproval.Thesenate,however,maynotbequitesokeen.TheJusticeDepartmentcouldhavetroublehandlingsuchamerger,letalonetakingontheconsiderableeconomicresponsibilitiesoftheCustomsService,whichiscurrentlypartoftheTreasury.Thesenateprefersyetanothersetofsecurityrecommendations,includinglinksbetweenthedatabasesofdifferentagenciesthatholdsecurityandimmigrationinformation,andscannersatportsofentrytocheckbiometricdatarecordedonimmigrationdocuments.Theseideasareembodiedinabillsponsoredbymembersofbothparties,butarecurrentlyheldupbyRobertByrd,thechairmanoftheSenateAppropriationsCommittee,whoworriesthattherehasnotbeenenoughdebateonthesubject.Mr.Ziglar,poorchap,mayfeeltherehasbeenmorethanenough.WecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthatINS.willbesubjectedtostrongcriticisms.hasbecomethepubliclaughingstock.willtakeupeconomicresponsibilities.haswonthesupportfromMrBush.Besidesdealingwithbordersecurity,INSalsoA.keepsawatchfuleyeonitself.grantsprivilegestoimmigrants.monitorsshipmentsofgoods.takesadvantageofcomputers.ThechairmanoftheSenateAppropriationsCommitteewillleavetheissueofINSunsettledbecausetheexclusiveresponsibilityofINSisforbordersecurity.hefiguredoutsomenewrulesinmindtotightupvisas.sufficientdebateisanxiouslyrequiredforafinalsolution.mostcongressmenholdunfavorableopinionsonINS.SuggestionshavebeenraisedontheissueofINSexceptA.chargeslaunchedagainstitshead.B.itsmergingwiththeCustomsService.C.othersecurityrecommendations.D.itsseparationintotwobodies.10、Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.ARedundantAgencytobeSplit.UpsetwiththeINS?一No.MergingINSwithCustoms?D.IneptINS一underFire.11>Inascience-fictionmoviecalled/zSpecies/z,amysterioussignalfromouterspaceturnsouttodescribethegenomeofanunknownorganism.WhentheinevitablemadscientistsynthesizestheDNAdescribedbytheinstructions,thecreaturehebreedsfromitturnsouttoresembleNatashaHenstridge,anathleticactress.Unfortunately,thealienharborswithinherdelicateform,thedestructivepowersofaPanzerdivision,anditallendsbadlyfortherashgeneticistandhislaboratory.GlenEvans,chiefexecutiveofEgeaBiosciencesinSanDiego,California,acknowledgesregretfullythatdespiteseekinghisexpertopinion一inreturnforwhichhewaspresentedwiththeposterofthestrikingMr.Henstridgethathangsonhisofficewall一theproducersof〃Species〃didnothewverycloselytohissuggestionsaboutthefeasibilityoftheirscript,ideas.Still,theyhadcometotherightman.DrEvansbelievesthathisfirmwillsoonbeabletocreate,ifnotanaliensuccubus,atleastatinybiologicalmachinemadeofartificialproteinsthatcouldmimicthebehavior,ofalivingcell.MakingsuchproteinswillrequiretheabilitytosynthesizelongstretchesofDNA.ExistingtechnologyforsynthesizingDNAcanmanagetomakegenesthatencodeafewdozenaminoacids,butthisistooshorttoproduceanyinterestingproteins.Egeastechnology,bycontrast,wouldallowbiologiststomanufacturegeneswholesale.Thefirmsscientistscanmakegeneslongenoughtoencode6,000aminoacids.Theyaimtosynthesizeagenefor30,000aminoacidswithintwoyears.Usingalibraryoftheroughly1,500possible〃motifs〃orfoldsthataproteincanadopt,Egeasscientistsemploycomputerstodesignnewproteinsthatarelikelytohavedesirableshapesandproperties.TosynthesizetheDNAthatencodestheseproteins,Egeausesamachineithasdubbedthe〃AsEgeaextendsthelengthofDNAitcansynthesize,Dr.EvanslikensthisdevicetoawordprocessorforDNA,onwhichyoucantypeinthesequenceoflettersdefiningapieceofDNAandgetthatmoleculeout.AsEgeaextendsthelengthofDNAitcansynthesize,Dr.Evansenvisagesencodingnotjustproteins,butentirebiochemicalpathways,whichareteamsofproteinsthatconductmetabolicprocesses.Acollectionofsuchmoleculescouldconceivablyfunctionasaminiaturemachinethatwouldoperateinthebodyandattackdisease,justasthebody'sowndefensivecellsdo.PerhapsDr.EvansandhiscolleaguesoughttogetintouchwiththeirfriendsinHollywood.Thispassageismainlyaboutanewapplicationofcomputers.areviewofascience-fictionmovie.aboutthesynthesizinginterestingDNA.asurveyofscientificbreakthroughs.Theexpression〃hewverycloselyto〃canbebestreplacedbyA.shedlighton.B.adherestrictlyto.stayawayfrom.giveplayto.TheDNAdesignedbyEvan'stechnologydiffersstrikinglyfromthatsynthesizedbyexistingtechnologyinthattheformerischaracterizedbyitsA.desirableshapeandlength.imitationofalivingcell.delicatebutdestructivepower.D.resistancetoepidemics.ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthesynthesizingDNAtechnologyshouldbeusedA.extravagantlyandfreely.B.flexiblyandexcessively.C.reasonablyandcautiously.D.openlyandvigorously.ElenEvans'technologyofnewproteindesignmayproveusefulinathletictrainingprograms.infilmmakingspectacles.insoftwareprogramming.inmedicaltreatments.16、PresidentBushtakestothebullypulpittodeliverasternlecturetoAmerica5sbusinesselite.TheJusticeDept,stunstheaccountingprofessionbyfilingacriminalindictmentofArthurAndersenLLPfordestroyingdocumentsrelatedtoitsauditsofEnronCorp.OnCapitolHill,somecongressionalpanelspushonwithbiasedhearingsonEnron'scollapseand,now,anotherbustedNewEconomystar,telecom'sGlobalCrossing.Lawmakerssignontonewbillsaimedattighteningoversightofeverythingfrompensionsandaccountingtoexecutivepay.Toanyspectators,itwouldbeeasytoconcludethatthewindsofchangearesweepingCorporateAmerica,ledbyGeorgeW.Bush,whoranas〃areformerwithresult.〃Butfarfromdeconstructingthecorporateworldbrickbybrickintosomethingcleaner,sparer,andstronger,Bushaidesandmanylegislatorsarepreparingmodestlegislativeandadministrativereforms.Insteadofanoverhaul,Bush'steamiscountingonitsenforcers,JusticeandanewlyempoweredSecurities&ExchangeCommission,tomakeexamplesofthemostegregiousoffenders.Theideaisthatbusinesswillquicklygetthemessageandcleanupitsownact.Whywon'ttheoutragedrhetoricresultinmorechanges?Forstarters,theBushAdministrationwarnsthatanyrushtolegislatecorporatebehavior,couldproducearaftofflawedbillsthatraisecostswithouthaltingabuses.Businesshasstriventodrivethepointhomewithanintenselobbyingblitzthathasconvincedmanylawmakersthatover-regulationcouldstartlethestockmarketandperhapsendangerthenascenteconomicrecovery.AllthissetsthestageforWashingtontogetbusywithpredictablymodestresults.Asurgeofcautionissweepingwould-bereformersontheHill."Theyknowtheydontwanttomakeabigmistake,〃saysJerryJ.Jasinowski,presidentoftheNationalAssociationofManufacturers.Thatgo-slowapproachsuitstheWhiteHouse.AidessaythePresident,whilepersonallydisgustedbyEnron'sselloutofitspensioners,isreluctanttoembracenewsanctionsthatfrustrateevenlaw-abidingcorporationsandcreatealitigationbonanzafortriallawyers.Instead,theWhiteHousewillpushfornarrowlytargetedaction,mostofitcarriedoutbytheSEC,theTreasuryDept.,andtheLaborDept.Therightoutcome,TreasurySecretaryPaulH.O'NeillsaidonMar.15,“dependsontheCongressnotlegislatingthingsthatareoverthetop.〃ToO'NeillandBush,thatmeansenforcingcurrentlawsbeforepassingtoomanynewones.NowhereisthatstanceclearerthanintheAndersenindictment.SotheBushAdministrationleftthedecisiontoJusticeDept,prosecutorsratherthanWhiteHousepoliticaloperativesortheirreformistfellowsattheSEC.WecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthattheJusticeDepartmentseizedontheplightofEnron'sworkers.theWhiteHouserecognizedthatstrictercontrolisapoliticalmust.employment'theory.Thetheorysuggeststhatawomanworkertake(14)fromherjobwhensheissevenmonthspregnantandstayoffthejob(15)herbabyreachestheageof3.@Itsuggeststhatwomen(16)leavereceive75percentoftheir(17)salaryandbeallowedtoreturntoworkafterthethree-yearperiod.Thiswill(18)children,women,theirfamiliesandthesocietyandit(19)seemstobemoreacceptablethanthesuggestion(20)womenreturntotheirhomesforever.morefewermuchless2、⑵A.attitudeB.reactionideaopinion3、⑶availablesuitableC.reliableThePresidentwasdeterminedtoturnareformedAndersenintoamodel.theWhiteHouserespondedstronglytotheAndersen'sscandal.By"outragedrhetoric”(Paragraph3),theauthoristalkingaboutA.anintenselobbyblitzshownincorporatebehavior.B.theindignationdisplayedbysomecongressmen.C.adecisionleftuptoJusticeDept,prosecutors.D.themessageembodiedinthePresident'sactions.ItseemsthatthePresident,infaceofthepresentsituation,A.mustembracenewsanctions.B.shouldavoidlawenforcement.C.maybecaughtinadilemma.D.canstopdeliveringlectures.TheconclusioncanbedrawnfromthetextthatinthewakeofAndersen'sscandal,thegovernmentmaymakeonlymodestchange.willtakedrasticcountermeasures.willadoptcorporaterestructuring.willinvestigateEnron'scollapse.WhattheauthorwantstosuggestmaybebestinterpretedasA.Crimedoesn，tpay.B.Hastemakeswaste.C.Lookbeforeyouleap.D.Likefather,likeson.PartB(10points)Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-G.Someoftheparagraphshavebeenplacedforyou.(10points)A.ABBCtelevisionserieshasraisedthequestionofwhethercatsshouldbekeptindoorsatnight.Wildlifeexpertssaykeepingcatslockedupfromdusktodawnwillpreventmuchofthecarnagetheycreate,andwillalsomeantheyarelesslikelytoberunover.MammalexpertProfessorSteveHarris,fromBristolUniversity,said:"Themessageisclear,mostpeopleareheartilysickofhavingtheirneighbours'catsintheirgardens”.Eventoday,someviewtheblackcatasanomenofmisfortune.EventheEnglishlanguageisstackedagainstthemoggy.Spitefulpeoplearedubbedasbeing〃catty〃.Araucouscryisa〃caterwaul〃?Atwork,agreedy,lazybossisa〃fatcat〃.AnewsurveyintheUKindicatesthatcatscomesecondonlytoratsasthelatestfavoritemammaltovisitourgardens.TheUK's10millioncatshavehaditroughoflate,drawingharshcriticismbecauseoftheirbloodlustandhabitofviewingthenation'sgardensastheirownpersonaltoilets.ThoughtheanimalsaretheUK'sfavoritepets,Britishgardenershavestruckbackbycrowningthecatasoneofthemostunwelcomevisitorstotheirplots一votingthemonlyslightlymorepopularthanratsinthenewpoll.TheMammalSociety,whichconductedthesurveysayscatscutaswathethroughthenation'swildlife,killingaround300millionanimalseveryyear."Catsaresolitarypredatoryhunter.Peopleaskwhytheykillwhentheyareclearlywell-fed...butacat'smotivationtohuntisquiteseparatefromitsdesiretosatisfyhunger.，zEvenwithafullstomach,acatcannotresistthestimuliofpreypassingnearby,saysMsHeath,authorofWhyDoesMyCat.〃Itdoesn'tmakesenseforacattowaituntilit'shungrytocatchfood一theremaybenonearoundthen.Bettertohuntwhenthere'stheopportunityandhidethefoodaway.But,tobefair,theBritishcan'thatecatsthatmuch.ArecentreportfoundthatthegenerosityoftheBritishtowardsthecathascausedoneinfourofthecreaturestobecomeclinicallyobese.Britain'sgardenershaverevealedoneoftheirgreatestpethates一otherpeople'scats.Okay,they'resadisticmurderers,butisitfairthatcatshavebeenratedasbeingasdetestableasratsinapollofBritishgardeners?Order:GisthefirstparagraphandFisthelast.(42)(43)(44)(45)PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)PeopleintheUnitedStatesinthenineteenthcenturywerehauntedbytheprospectthatunprecedentedchangeinthenation'seconomywouldbringsocialchaos.(46)Intheyearsfollowing1820,afterseveraldecadesofrelativestability,theeconomyenteredaperiodofsustainedandextremelyrapidgrowththatcontinuedtotheendofthenineteenthcentury.(47)Accompanyingthatgrowthwasastructuralchangethatfeaturedincreasingeconomicdiversificationandagradualshiftinthenation'slaborforcefromagriculturetomanufacturingandothernonagriculturalpursuits.Althoughthebirthratecontinuedtodeclinefromitshighleveloftheeighteenthandearlynineteenthcentury,thepopulationroughlydoubledeverygenerationduringtherestofthenineteenthcenturies.(48)Asthepopulationgrew,itsmakeupalsochanged.Massivewavesofimmigrationbroughtnewethnicgroupsintothecountry.Geographicandsocialmobilitydownwardaswellasupward一touchedalmosteveryone.Localstudlesindicatethatnearlythree-quartersofthepopulation一intheNorthandSouth,intheemergingcitiesoftheNortheast,andintherestlessruralcountiesoftheWestchangedtheirresidenceeachdecade.(49)Asaconsequence,historianDavidDonaldhaswritten,“Socialatomizationaffectedeverysegmentofsociety,z/anditseemedtomanypeoplethat〃alltherecognizedvaluesoforderlycivilizationweregraduallybeingeroded.z/Rapidindustrializationandincreasedgeographicmobilityinthenineteenthcenturyhadspecialimplicationsforwomenbecausethesechangestendedtomagnifysocialdistinctions.Astherolesmenandwomenplayedinsocietybecamemorerigidlydefined,sodidtherolestheyplayedinthehome.(50)Inthecontextofextremecompetitivenessanddizzyingsocialchange,thehouseholdhostedmanyofitsearlierfunctionsandthehomecametoserveasaharborofpeaceandorder.Asthesizeoffamiliesdecreased,therolesofhusbandandwifebecamemoreclearlydifferentiatedthaneverbefore.Inthemiddleclassespecially,menparticipatedintheproductiveeconomywhilewomenruledthehomeandservedasthecustodiansofcivilityandculture.Theintimacyofmarriagethatwascommonintheearlierperiodswasrent,andagulfthatattimesseemedunbridgeablewascreatedbetweenhusbandsandwives.(47)(48)(49)(50)參考答案：【一、UseofEnglish]l~5ADBCD6~10BBAAC11?20點(diǎn)擊下載查看答案【二、ReadingComprehension]1?5ACDBA6~10ABCAD11?30點(diǎn)擊下載查看答案D.practical4、⑷A.courseB.routewayroad5、⑸strangelyunusuallyapproximatelyactually6、(6)withinfromon7、⑺thoughwhilesinceuntil8、(8)A.underforwithon9、(9)remainsupplysupportretain(10)A.growB.bringC.raiseD.feed(11)A.thereforeB.moreoverC.howeverD.thus(12)A.pollingtopolltobepolledpolled(13)calledcallingtocalltobecalled(14)holidayrestleavevacation(15)whenuntilafterwhile(16)inforonwith(17)commonordinarynormalreal(18)A.profitinterestservebenefit(19)finallydefinitelydoubtfullyfashionably(20)thatwhichthesethose二、ReadingComprehension1>PartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)AMERICA'Scentralbanksentaclearmessagethisweek.Forthesecondconsecutivemeeting,theFederalOpenMarketCommittee,thecentralbank'spolicy-makingcommittee,leftshort-terminterestratesunchangedatL75%.Butitsaidthattherisksfacingtheeconomyhadshiftedfromeconomicweaknesstoabalancebetweenweaknessandexcessivegrowth.Thisshiftsurprisednoone.Butithasconvincedmanypeoplethatinterestratesaresettoriseagain一andsoon.Judgingbypricesinfuturesmarkets,investorsarebettingthatshort-terminterestratescouldstartrisingasearlyasMay,andwillbe1.25percentagepointshigherbytheendoftheyear.Thatmaybeexcessive.EconomistsatGoldmanSachs,wholongarguedthatthecentralbankwoulddonothingthisyear,nowexpectshort-termratestogouponly0.75%thisyear,startinginJune.ButvirtuallyeveryonereckonssomeFedtightenin