模塊ⅢUnit2公開課一等獎(jiǎng)市優(yōu)質(zhì)課賽課獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

Unit2Language

復(fù)合句(二)定語(yǔ)從句(2)

◆經(jīng)典背誦◆

1.Sheisthegirl(who/that)livesnextdoor.

2.That'sthegirl(who/whom/that)Iteach.

3.Thisisthescientistwhoseachievementsarewellknown.

4.Thisisthehousewhosewindowbrokelastnight.

5.Thisisthehouse，thewindowofwhichbrokelastnight.

6.Thisisthehouse，ofwhichthewindowbrokelastnight.

7.WriteashortpassageinwhichyoucompareAmericanandBritishEnglish.

8.Thisisthepen(that/which)Iwrotetheletterwith.

9.ThisisthepenwithwhichIwrotetheletter.

10.Thisisthehero(that/who/whom)weareproudof.

◆趁熱打鐵◆

1.在那邊踢足球的男孩是誰(shuí)？_____________________________________________________2.他告訴我的消息是真的。______________________________________________________3.他所提的如此的建議是有道理的。______________________________________________________4.太陽(yáng)給地球熱量，這一點(diǎn)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)很重要。_____________________________________________________【答案】1.Whoistheboythatisplayingfootballoverthere？2.Thenewsthat/whichhetoldmeistrue.3.Suchadviceashegaveisreasonable.4.Thesunheatstheearth，whichisveryimportanttous.【名師點(diǎn)注】1.當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)：(1)在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，用who，不可省略；(2)在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用whom/that/who，可以省略；(3)在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，用whose，不可省略。2.whose可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句或非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，它既可指代“……人的”，也可指代“……物的”，在從句中作定語(yǔ)。另外，whose表示所屬關(guān)系指物時(shí)，常與ofwhich相互轉(zhuǎn)換，其語(yǔ)序是：whose＋名詞＝the＋名詞＋ofwhich＝ofwhich＋the＋名詞。Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)詞匯1._______vt.代表→______n．代表；典型；會(huì)議員2．______vt.代替→______n．代替3．______adj.歐洲的；歐洲人的n.歐洲人→______n．歐洲4．______vt.侵略；入侵→______n．侵略者→______n．侵略5．______vt.創(chuàng)造；創(chuàng)作；創(chuàng)建→______n．創(chuàng)造；創(chuàng)作→______adj.有創(chuàng)造性的6．_______vi.&vt.貢獻(xiàn)→______n．貢獻(xiàn)7．______vt.采用→______n．采用8．______vt.發(fā)音→______n．發(fā)音9．______vt.經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受→________(過(guò)去式)→______(過(guò)去分詞)10．______vi.分歧；不一致→______n．分歧；不一致11．______n．標(biāo)準(zhǔn)adj.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的→______vt.使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化；使符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)12．______adj.純的；純潔的→______vt.使(某物)潔凈；凈化13．______vi.相異；有區(qū)別→______n．相異；有區(qū)別→______adj.不同的14．______vt.&vi.組合；使結(jié)合→______n．組合；結(jié)合15．______adj.簡(jiǎn)單的→______vt.簡(jiǎn)化；使簡(jiǎn)單16．______vt.顯示；表示；象征；暗示→______n．顯示；象征1．represent；representative2.replace；replacement3.European；Europe4.invade；invader；invasion5.create；creation；creative6.contribute；contribution7.adopt；nounce；pronunciation9.undergo；underwent；undergone10.disagree；disagreement11.standard；standardize12.pure；purify13.differ；difference；bine；combination15.simple；simplify16.indicate；indicationⅡ.短語(yǔ)回顧1．bemadeup______由……構(gòu)成2．consist______由……構(gòu)成；由……組成3．pick______拿起；拾起4．lift______舉起5．contribute______捐贈(zèng)；有益于6．takecontrol______控制7．______母語(yǔ)8．depend______依靠9．look______查找10．care______關(guān)心11．differ______不同于12．______整體上13．______(使)變成1．of2.of3.up4.up5.to6.of7.mothertongue8.on9.up10.about11.from12.asawhole13.turnintoⅢ.佳句回顧1．Infact，____________wewouldnotbeabletounderstanditifweheardittoday.事實(shí)上，如果我們今天聽到那些古老的英語(yǔ)，我們肯定不懂。2．WhenwespeakEnglishtoday，wesometimes____________whichwordsorphrasestouse.如今，當(dāng)我們說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，有時(shí)候我們很難確定到底該用哪些單詞或詞組。3．However，theNormanConquestdidnothave____________result____________theGermanicinvasionhadhadabout600yearsearlier.然而，諾曼征服并沒有給英語(yǔ)帶來(lái)大約600年前日耳曼人入侵對(duì)英語(yǔ)所帶來(lái)的相同效果。4．AftertheNormanConquest，upperclasspeoplespokeFrench____________commonpeoplespokeEnglish.諾曼征服后，上層階級(jí)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)，而普通百姓則說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。5．However，____________charactersareusedtodescribeobjects.然而，并非所有的漢字都用來(lái)描述物體。1．itiscertainthat2.finditdifficulttodecide3.thesame；that4.while5.notall1．contributevt.&vi.貢獻(xiàn)；捐獻(xiàn)；投(稿)【經(jīng)典例句】①M(fèi)anyfactorscontributed_tothedevelopmentofthisnewtypeofEnglish.(P22)許多因素推動(dòng)了這種新型英語(yǔ)的發(fā)展。②Aproperamountofexercisecontributes_to_goodhealth.適度的運(yùn)動(dòng)有益健康。③Shecontributedanumberofarticlesto_themagazine.她給這家雜志撰寫了一些稿件?！炯磿r(shí)應(yīng)用】(1)Thesemeasureswouldmakeavaluablecontribution______airpollution.A．toreduce B．forreducingC．inreducing D．toreducing【答案】D2．replacevt.替換；代替；取代【經(jīng)典例句】①FrenchdidnotreplaceEnglishasthefirstlanguage.(P23)法語(yǔ)并沒有替代英語(yǔ)成為第一語(yǔ)言。②Nothingcanreplaceamother'sloveandcare.沒有什么東西可以代替母親的愛和關(guān)心。③Hewillreplaceabrokenwindowwithanewone.他要用新窗戶更換破了的窗戶?！炯磿r(shí)應(yīng)用】翻譯句子(2)在公司沒有人可以取代他的位置。________________________________________________________________________【答案】Nobodycanreplacehiminthiscompany.單項(xiàng)選擇(3)Theoldwhite-blackTVhasbeen______thenewcolorTVinthelasttenyears.A．replacedwith B．replacedinC．replacedto D．replacedabout【答案】A3．raisevt.飼養(yǎng)(家畜)；撫養(yǎng)(子女)；種植(作物)；提高；增加；舉起；籌措(資金)；提出raiseababy撫育孩子raisewheat種植小麥raiseone'shand舉起手raiseone'svoice提高嗓門raisesalaries提高工資raisemoney籌集資金raiseaquestion提出問題【經(jīng)典例句】①ThewordsweuseformostanimalsraisedforfoodcomefromOldEnglish.我們使用的大多數(shù)喂養(yǎng)來(lái)食用的動(dòng)物的單詞來(lái)自古英語(yǔ)。②Sheraised_her_voiceinordertomakeherselfheard.她提高嗓音是為了讓我們聽到她的聲音。③Idon'twishthesubjecttoberaisedagain.我不希望這個(gè)主題再次被提出。raise/rise/ariseraisevt.舉起，抬起，抬高。說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作是要作用于其他事物的。risevi.升起，上升，起立。說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)自身移向更高的位置。arisevi.(風(fēng)、霧等)升起，出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生(問題)，起床，(由……)產(chǎn)生。rise和arise皆為不及物動(dòng)詞，都有“升起”的意思，但表示有形物體的上升或上漲用rise，不用arise?！炯磿r(shí)應(yīng)用】用上述詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子(4)Wehavenoplansto________taxesatpresent.目前我們沒有提高稅收的計(jì)劃。(強(qiáng)調(diào)人為的因素)(5)Housepricesarelikelyto________towardstheendofthisyear.今年年底房?jī)r(jià)可能上漲。(強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀情況)(6)Amist________fromthelakeduringthenight.夜里湖面起了一層薄霧?！敬鸢浮?4)raise(5)rise(6)arose單項(xiàng)選擇(7)—Whatisthepriceofpetrolthesedays?—Oh，it______sharplysincelastmonth.A．israised B．hasrisenC．hasarisen D．isincreased【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和詞語(yǔ)的用法。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)theprice與rise之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選B。arise表示“出現(xiàn)”，語(yǔ)義不恰當(dāng)?！敬鸢浮緽4．despiteprep.不管；不顧；盡管；雖然【經(jīng)典例句】①Despitethisfact，F(xiàn)renchstillhadanimpactontheEnglishlanguage.(P23)盡管有這么個(gè)事實(shí)，法語(yǔ)仍然對(duì)英語(yǔ)有很大的影響。②Despite_what_others_say，Ithinkheisagoodboy.不管其他人說(shuō)什么，我都認(rèn)為他是個(gè)好男該。③Hesayswhathethinks，regardless_of_otherpeople'sfeelings.他總是不顧別人的感受，想說(shuō)什么就說(shuō)什么。despite/inspiteof/regardlessofdespite與inspiteof含義相同，表示“盡管，不管”，側(cè)重指客觀情況，后面可跟名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞和從句作賓語(yǔ)。regardlessof不管，不顧，側(cè)重于主觀上的“不考慮”?！炯磿r(shí)應(yīng)用】(8)—HowaboutyourtriptoItaly?—Oh，______thefineweather，weenjoyedourselvesindeed.A．butfor B．thankstoC．despite D．because【答案】B5．indicatevt.指示；指出；表明；象征；暗示【經(jīng)典例句】①Amethodwasdevelopedtocombineonepartofthecharacterindicatingmeaningandtheothershowingsound.(P38)形成一種方法把漢字的一部分代表意義，而另一部分表明聲音。②Feverindicatessickness.身體發(fā)燒表明有病。③Historyhasclearlyindicated_thataslongasthereisstillinjusticeandoppression，warisinevitable.歷史清楚地表明，只要還存在不公與壓迫，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)就不可避免?！炯磿r(shí)應(yīng)用】(9)Thecrackingandboomingoftheice______ariseintemperature.A．indicate B．expressC．exhibit D．a(chǎn)rgue【解析】句意：冰川的破裂和消融表明溫度上升了。indicate意為“表明，說(shuō)明”；express意為“表達(dá)”；exhibit意為“展示”；argue意為“爭(zhēng)論，認(rèn)為”?！敬鸢浮緼6．a(chǎn)ccessn．&v．進(jìn)入；接近；入口；接近的機(jī)會(huì)accessto/into...進(jìn)入(某地)；與(某人)會(huì)面；……的通道have(free)accessto...能夠(自由)利用/享有……obtain/gainaccessto...接近(某人)；進(jìn)入(某地)givesb.accessto...答應(yīng)讓某人利用beeasy/hard/difficulttoaccess容易/不易接近accessibleadj.可接近的【經(jīng)典例句】①Today，thespreadof‘borrowedwords’isduetoeasilyaccessedtelevisionandradioprogrammesfromacrosstheworld，andtheInternet.(P29)當(dāng)今，“外來(lái)詞”可以通過(guò)全球的電視、廣播節(jié)目及互聯(lián)網(wǎng)而迅速傳播。②Thepublicdon't_have_access_tothemilitarybase.公眾無(wú)權(quán)進(jìn)入該軍事基地。③Allthestudentshavefree_access_tothecomputercentre.所有的學(xué)生都可自由使用這座計(jì)算機(jī)中心?！炯磿r(shí)應(yīng)用】(10)—Yourschoolisreallywonderful.—Yes，it'sfullyequipped.Andeverystudenthasfree________tothelibrary.A．a(chǎn)ccess B．chanceC．use D．right【答案】A7．differv．不同于……；有區(qū)別【經(jīng)典例句】①TheChineselanguagediffers_frommanyWesternlanguagesinthatitusescharacterswhich...(P38)漢語(yǔ)與許多西方語(yǔ)言的不同在于它使用漢字……②Englishdiffers_fromSpanishinthatitisnotpronouncedasitiswritten.英語(yǔ)與西班牙語(yǔ)的不同之處是英語(yǔ)的發(fā)音和拼寫不一樣。【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】用differ的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)完成下面小片段Thetwoanimalscomefromthesamefamilybutare(11)______eachotherinbobyshape，breedinghabitsandsoon.Thatistosay，they(12)______eachotherinmanyways.Soscientistsaretryingtofind(13)______them.【答案】(11)differentfrom(12)differfrom(13)thedifferencebetween8．combinevt.&vi.(使)聯(lián)合；(使)結(jié)合

combine...with...把……和……結(jié)合起來(lái)combine...and...把……和……結(jié)合起來(lái)【經(jīng)典例句】①Chinesewordsareoftenformedbycombiningdifferentcharacters.(P38)漢語(yǔ)詞匯常由不同的漢字構(gòu)成。②Combine_theeggswith_alittleflourandheatthemixturegently.把雞蛋和少量面粉攪勻，用文火加熱?！炯磿r(shí)應(yīng)用】(14)Thetwocountries______againsttheircommonenemy.A．connected B．unitedC．combined D．werecombined(15)She______milkandwater.A．a(chǎn)dd B．putC．connected D．combined(16)Somefilmscombineeducation______recreation.A．to B．withC．in D．by【答案】(14)B(15)D(16)B9．directionn．方向；朝向；指示；用法說(shuō)明inthedirectionof朝……方向inalldirections/everydirection向四面八方intheoppositedirection朝相反的方向asenseofdirection方向感followdirections按照使用說(shuō)明【經(jīng)典例句】①Othercharactersweredevelopedfordirectionsandnumbers.(P38)有的漢字發(fā)展成為表示方向或數(shù)字的。②Areyousurewe'regoingintherightdirection?你確信我們走對(duì)了方向嗎？【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】單項(xiàng)選擇(17)Besuretoreadthe______carefullybeforeyoutakethemedicinesothatitcanfunctionbetter.A．directions B．compositionsC．prescriptions D．presentation【答案】

A翻譯句子(18)我們駕車朝山的方向開去。_______________________________________________________(19)由于方向感極差，米歇爾總是迷路。________________________________________________________(20)記得按照標(biāo)簽上的說(shuō)明去做。____________________________________________________【答案】(18)Wedroveoffinthedirectionofthemountains.(19)Michelleisalwaysgettinglostbecauseofherterriblesenseofdirection.(20)Remembertofollowthedirectionsonthelabel.1．consistof由……組成；由……構(gòu)成【經(jīng)典例句】①Thelanguageconsisted_ofanAnglo-SaxonbasepluswordsfromthelanguagesofDenmarkandNorway.(P22)該語(yǔ)言是由盎格魯－撒克遜語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)加上丹麥和挪威的語(yǔ)言詞匯構(gòu)成的。②Thisclubconsists_ofmorethan200members.這個(gè)俱樂部由200多名會(huì)員組成。③Thebeautyofthecityconsists_in_itsmagnificentbuildings.這座城市的美就在于它那些宏偉的建筑?！炯磿r(shí)應(yīng)用】(21)Thistest______anumberofmultiplechoicequestions.A．isconsistedofB．consistsofC．composesof D．ismadeof【解析】表示“由……組成”可用bemadeupof/consistof/becomposedof?！敬鸢浮緽2．dependon/upon依賴；依靠；信任；取決于【經(jīng)典例句】①TherearemanydifferentdialectsofEnglishdepending_onwherepeoplelive.根據(jù)人的籍貫不同英語(yǔ)有許多方言。②Just_depend_onme.I'llbeabletoleadyouthere.放心吧，我會(huì)把你帶到那兒的。③Whetherwecanholdoursportsmeetingnextweekdepends_on_theweather.是否我們下周召開運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)取決于天氣。dependonhow/what/whether，etc.取決于……dependonsb.doingsth.依靠某人干某事dependonsb.forsth.依靠某人得到什么dependonsb.todosth.依靠某人干某事dependingonsth.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ))取決于It/Thatdepends.那要視情況而定?！炯磿r(shí)應(yīng)用】(22)—Canyoudomeafavor，please?—______A．Italldepends. B．Whataboutit?C．Sure，goahead. D．Don'tworry.【解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷，此處表示“那要看情況而定”，回答不肯定?！敬鸢浮緼3．takecontrolof控制【經(jīng)典例句】①In1066，theNormansconqueredEnglandandtook_control_ofthecountry.(P22)1066年諾曼人征服了英格蘭并控制了整個(gè)國(guó)家。②Heisin_the_control_ofevilmenandforcedtodowickedthings.他被壞人控制，被迫做了壞事。③Thefirewasfinallybroughtunder_control.火勢(shì)最終得到了控制。takecontrol操縱；控制incontrolof控制；掌控；管理beyond/outofcontrol無(wú)法控制losecontrolof無(wú)法控制in/underthecontrolofsb.在……的控制下undercontrol受控制【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】(23)Weshouldholdameetingtodecidewhoshouldbesentto______theproject.A．takescontrol B．takecontrolofC．incontrolof D．takingcontrolof(24)Itisnoeasytaskto______aclassofyoungchildren.A．takeholdof B．takechargeC．takecontrol D．takecontrolof【答案】(23)D(24)D1．Thequestioniswhat_ifIstillcannotunderstandthemeanings.問題是如果我仍然不懂其含義怎么辦?！揪涫椒治觥縲hatif是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句的省略形式，意為“如果……將會(huì)怎樣”，可以看作是whatwillhappenif...的省略形式。①Whatifastormshouldcomeup?要是發(fā)生風(fēng)暴怎么辦？②Whatifwemovethepictureoverthere？Doyouthinkitwilllookbetter?如果我們把畫移到那邊怎么樣？你覺得會(huì)不會(huì)好看些？③Whatifyoufeelcomfortableaboutdoingataskbyyourself？要是你自己做某一件事感到舒服將怎樣？【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】(25)—Theplaneisduetotakeoffat8∶00fromtheairport.—______wecan'tgetthereintime?—Trytotakeanotherflightthen.A．Asif B．EvenifC．Onlyif D．Whatif【解析】whatif“如果……怎么辦”，根據(jù)下文trytotakeanotherflight可推知上文為“如果我們不能及時(shí)趕到怎么辦？”。asif“似乎，好像”；evenif“即使”。【答案】D2．However，not_allcharactersareusedtodescribeobjects.然而，并不是所有的漢字都是用來(lái)描述物體的。【句式分析】本句是一個(gè)表示部分否定的句型，notall...相當(dāng)于all...not。①InNorthAmerica，notallstudentstakethebustoschool.在北美洲，并非所有的學(xué)生都乘坐公共汽車上學(xué)。②Allofthestudentsdon'tgotoplaybasketballafterclass.不是所有的學(xué)生下課以后都去打籃球。③Bothofthetwinsdon'tgotocollege.這對(duì)雙胞胎并不是都上了大學(xué)。④Acandlelosesnoneofitslightbylightinganothercandle.一根蠟燭點(diǎn)燃另一根蠟燭，本身的光芒沒有任何損失。(1)部分否定：all，both，each，every，everyboby，everything，always，complete，completely等代詞、形容詞和副詞與否定詞not連用，構(gòu)成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”的意思。(2)全部否定用：noone，none，neither，noboby，nothing，以及not...any來(lái)表示。(不可以說(shuō)any...not)【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】(26)—Theexamwasn'tdifficultatall，wasit?—No，butIdon'tbelieve______couldpassit.A．somebody B．a(chǎn)nybodyC．everybody D．nobody【答案】CⅠ.單詞拼寫1．T________theirmarriagehehadonlyonceseenhercry.2．ThoughEnglandisaE________country，itisseparatedfromthecontinent.3．Englishiso________languageinCanada，thoughFrenchisalsowidelyused.4．Asisafact，smokingcanc________tolungcancer.5．Withthed________ofmodernmedicine，peoplecanlivelongerthanbefore.6．Obamahas________(替代)BushastheAmericanpresident.7．AccordingtotheParty'sdiscipline，cadresshouldbe______(公仆)ofthepeople.8．Itoldhimthetruthundera________(答應(yīng))ofsecrecy.9．The________(水平)oflivinginourcountryisinsomewayaffectedbythefinancialtsunami.10．Shecanseeherself________(反射)inthereflectivemirror.【答案】

Ⅱ.選詞填空contributeto；standfor；consistof；pickup；takecontrolof；asawhole；dependon；lookup；careabout；differfrom1．Chinese________greatly________Englishinspelling.2．Whetherwewillgoforaspringouting______theweather.3．Idon't______theprice，solongasthecarisingoodcondition.4．________，boysaremorenaughtythangirls.5．Ifyoudon'tknowaword，youcan________it________inadictionary.6．Moreandmoreteachershaveto________magazinesornewspapersinordertoachieveatitle.7．Mostpeoplearefamiliarwiththeideathatallmatter______atoms.8．Whatdoesa．m.________？9．It'snoeasytaskto________awildhorse.10．ThephonerangandI________it________.【答案】1.differs；from2.dependson3.careabout4.Asawhole5.look；up6.contributeto7.consistsof8.standfor9.takecontrolof10.picked；upⅢ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Thesoup________(consist)oftomatoes，meat，andpeas.2．Wehaven'theardfromhimforalongtime.Wh