山西省晉中市2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題 含答案解析

晉中市2022～2023學(xué)年度高二年級上學(xué)期期末考試英語全卷滿分150分(聽力不計入總分),考試時間120分鐘。注意事項:1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上,并將條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后﹐用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后﹐將本試卷和答題卡一并收回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié))第一節(jié)(共5小題)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A,B,C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howwillthewomangettotheairport?A.Bytaxi.B.Onfoot.C.Byunderground.2.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Cutthegrass.B.Cookdinner.C.Dothewashing-up.3.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Neighbours.C.Husbandandwife.4.Wherewouldthewomanliketogoforawalk?A.Onthebeach.B.Bytheriver.C.Inthepark.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Thewoodworkcourseisboring.B.Thereisnophotographycoursethisyear.C.Acomputercourseismorehelpfulforherjob.第二節(jié)(共15小題)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題﹐從題中所給的A,B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料﹐回答第6、7題。6.Whatcanweinferfromthisdialogue?A.ThismanisanInternetpoliceman.B.Thewomanknowscyberbullyingwell.C.Lotsofteenagersparticipateincyberbullying.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofcyberbullying?A.Improper.B.Funny.C.Frightening.聽第7段材料﹐回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthejobofasupermarketcashier?A.Peoplehavetowakeupearly.B.Peopleneedn’tworkintheevening.C.Thepayofitisnottoohigh.9.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodofinally?A.Workasasupermarketclerk.B.Delivernewspaperbybike.C.Workinacoffeeshop.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthewomanmainlycareabout?A.Thehistoryofthemovingcompany.B.Thegoodserviceofthemovingcompany.C.Thediscountgivenbythemovingcompany.11.WhatwillthewomandoonDecember15th?A.Watchafashionshow.B.Organizethenewplace.C.Haveameeting.12.Onwhichdaydothespeakersdecidetomove?A.OnMonday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.What’stheattitudeofthewomantowardsthetestslastweek?A.Worried.B.Optimistic.C.Critical.14.Howmanytestsdidthemantakelastweek?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.15.Whatdoesthemanpreferamongthetests?A.Thethree-houressaypaper.B.Therole-playactingasdoctors.C.Hismultiplechoicetest.16.Whatisthewomanconfidentabout?A.Theabilityofsolvingproblems.B.Theabilityofreadingothers’minds.C.Theabilityoftakingresponsibilityforothers.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whydidthespeakerbuyaboattosail?A.Becauseofanimportantcomputerbusiness.B.Becauseofthedesireofexperiencingsailing.CBecauseoftoomuchpressureofcompetition.18.Howlonghasthespeakerbeensailing?A.Forfiveyears.B.Forsixyears.C.Forsevenyears.19.Whatisthedestinationofthespeaker’snextadventure?A.Texas.B.California.C.Mexico.20.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttodo?A.Huntforanexperiencedsailortobecomeapartner.B.Employanapplicantwithswimmingexperiences.C.Findamusicianoracooktoentertainthesailors.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分60分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題3分,滿分45分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C,D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATop‘TraditionalChineseMedicineMuseumsinChinaHuQingYuPharmacy(藥房)(HuQingYu‘Tang)inHangzhouItwasinitiallyfoundedbyHuXueyanwhowasasuccessfulbusinessmanandahigh-rankingofficialintheQingimperialcourt.Startingbusinessin1874duringtheruleofEmperorGuangxu,HuQingYuTangisstillopentoday,andknownas“KingofMedicine”inSouthChina.Ratherthanapharmacy,itismorelikeamuseumoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Address:QinghefangStreet,Hangzhou，ZhejiangProvinceOpeninghours:9:00—17:00，everydayBianQueMemorialHallinXi’anBianQuewasbornintheSpringandAutumnPeriod.BianQuetravelledthroughtheseveralvassalstates,practisedmedicineandsavedmanylives.ThemuseumgotthenamebecauseitwastransformedfromthesiteofBianQue’stombin1996.Ithasseveralhalls,tointroducethedevelopmentoftraditionalChinesemedicineandBianQuestories.Address:LintongDistrictXi’anCityOpeninghours:8:00—18:00,closedonMon.ShanghaiMuseumofTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)ltismadeupofTCMHistoryMuseum,theChineseMedicineSpecimen(標(biāo)本),MuseumandtheInstitute(ShanghaiUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine)HistoryMuseum.ShanghaiMuseumofTCMisaneducationalbaseinShanghaiandanidealplaceforsciencetourinShanghai.Builtin1938,theTCMHistoryMuseumisthefirstofitskindinChina.Openinghours:Tuesday—Sunday，9:00—16;00，closedonMon.Address:100CailunLu,PudongNewZone,nearJinkeLu,(insideShanghaiUniversityofTCM)GuangdongMuseumof‘TraditionalChineseMedicineThemuseumwasinitiallyestablishedin1996,andreopenedtothepublicin2006aspartofGuangzhouUniversityofTCM.ItismadeupoftheUniversityhistorymuseum,TCMhistorymuseumwithover5,000TCMrelics,Chinesemedicalspecimenmuseum,anda55,000-square-metreherbalmedicineplantation.Address:UniversityTown,PanyuDistrict,GuangzhouOpeningHours:9:00—17:30,Tuesday—Saturday(reservedgroupactivityonSunday)1.WhichcanbevisitedonMondays?A.BianQueMemorialHallinXi’an.B.ShanghaiMuseumofTraditionalChineseMedicine.C.GuangdongMuseumofTraditionalChineseMedicine.D.HuQingYuPharmacy(HuQingYuTang)inHangzhou.2.HowdidBianQueMemorialHallgetthename?A.ItwasoriginallybuiltbyBianQue.B.Itwasnamedbythelocalgovernment.CltwaschangedfromthesiteofBianQue’stomb.D.IthasmanyhallsintroducingBianQue’slifestories.3.WhatdoShanghaiandGuangdongMuseumofTCMhaveincommon?A.Longhistory.B.Openinghours.C.Hugeherbalmedicineplantation.D.Closerelationshipwithuniversity.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個傳統(tǒng)的中藥博物館?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個博物館HuQingYuPharmacy(藥房)(HuQingYu‘Tang)inHangzhou中的“Openinghours：9：00-17：00,everyday”（開放時間：每天9:00-17:00）可知，HuQingYuPharmacy(HuQingYuTang)周一也是開放的，而其他3個博物館則周一休息。故選D項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個博物館BianQueMemorialHallinXi’an的第三句話“ThemuseumgotthenamebecauseitwastransformedfromthesiteofBianQue’stombin1996.”（這個博物館之所以得名，是因?yàn)樗?996年由扁鵲墓遺址改建而成的。）可知扁鵲紀(jì)念館的名字，是從扁鵲墓的遺址改過來的。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個博物館ShanghaiMuseumofTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)的第一句話“ItismadeupofTCMHistoryMuseum，theChineseMedicineSpecimen,MuseumandtheInstitute(ShanghaiUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine)HistoryMuseum.”（它由中醫(yī)藥歷史博物館、中藥標(biāo)本館、博物館和上海中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)研究院歷史博物館組成。）和第四個博物館GuangdongMuseumof‘TraditionalChineseMedicine的第一句話“Themuseumwasinitiallyestablishedin1996,andreopenedtothepublicin2006aspartofGuangzhouUniversityofTCM.”（博物館始建于1996年，并于2006年作為廣州中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)的一部分重新向公眾開放。）可知，這兩個博物館都和大學(xué)有著緊密的關(guān)聯(lián)。故選D項。BIwanttosendyouallaquickemailandexpressmyfeelingsaboutschoolthisrainyMondaymorning.Icannotsayenoughabouttheexperiencesthatmy3kidsarehavingatGoshenPost!Ithasbeensuchanamazingstarttotheschoolyear.TheyallcomehomefilledwithenthusiasmandexcitementaboutwhattheyhavebeendoingatschoolandthePBlsthatinvolvethem.I’dliketosharewithyouastoryofmytwodaughtersusingPBLthisweekend—howmygirlsareapplyingwhattheyarelearningatschoolthroughaprojectwhileathome.WiththeveryrainySundaytheywerelookingforthingstodo.Andersonwantedtogooutsideandjumpinthemuddypuddles(小水坑)!Wesleywasexcitedabouttheideatoo,sotheyheadedoutsidetoplay.Whentheycameback,Wesleyexplainedtomethattheynoticedtherainwasflowingandfillingallofthestormdrains(排水管)inthefrontpathsofourstreet.ThisiswherethePBLcomesin!Theyturnedthislittleobservationintoaproject,andcameupwithaplantofigureoutwherethewaterwascomingfrom,whyitwasflowingthewaythatitwas,andwhereitended.Theyaskedustodrivethemdownthestreettoseewhereitstartedandwhereitendedsothattheycouldrecordthisinformation.Theythencameupwiththeirowntheories,headedhomeandwroteaboutitonWesley’snewnotebook.Allofthistookhours,filledtheirafternoon,andcreatedhugesmilesontheirfacesandlaughterbetweentwosisters!Theyhavealwaysbeencreative,butIcantellwhatyouaredoingatschoolisnotonlymotivatingthemtobemorecreative,butgivingthemaframeworkonhowtodoit!Thankyou!4.Whatcanwelearnabout“PBL”?A.Itisaplanofreadingbooks.B.Itisamachineinventedbyschools.C.Itisawayoflearningbasedonprojects.D.Itisaprojectneedingfathers’help.5.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlytalkingabout?A.Howthechildrencarriedouttheirproject.B.Whythechildrendidtheirresearch.C.Whatthechildrenachievedfromtheirproject.D.Howparentshelpedthechildrenfinishtheirplan.6.What’stheauthor’smainpurposeofwritingtheemail?A.Tocomplaintotheschool’sheadmaster.B.Togivecreditfortheschool’seffectiveteaching.C.Toresearchherchildren’screativeactivitiesathome.D.Tocongratulateontheschool’screation.7.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenwritingtheletter?A.Relaxedandproud.B.Pleasedandshocked.C.Relievedandhopeful.D.Gratefulandsatisfied.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一位家長寫給學(xué)校的感謝信。文章對學(xué)校里的PBL的教學(xué)方式給予了高度贊揚(yáng)?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句話“I’dliketosharewithyouastoryofmytwodaughtersusingPBLthisweekend-howmygirlsareapplyingwhattheyarelearningatschoolthroughaprojectwhileathome(我想和大家分享一個我的兩個女兒這個周末使用PBL的故事——我的女兒們是如何將她們在學(xué)校學(xué)到的知識通過一個項目應(yīng)用到家庭作業(yè)中的)”可以知道，PBL是一種基于項目的學(xué)習(xí)方式。故選C。2.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theyturnedthislittleobservationintoaproject,andcameupwithaplantofigureoutwherethewaterwascomingfrom,whyitwasflowingthewaythatitwas,andwhereitended.Theyaskedustodrivethemdownthestreettoseewhereitstartedandwhereitendedsothattheycouldrecordthisinformation.Theythencameupwiththeirowntheories,headedhomeandwroteaboutitonWesley’snewnotebook.(他們把這個小小的觀察變成了一個項目，并且想出了一個計劃來弄清楚水是從哪里來的，為什么它是這樣流動的，以及它的終點(diǎn)在哪里。他們讓我們開車帶他們?nèi)ソ稚峡纯词虑榈拈_始和結(jié)束，這樣他們就可以記錄下這些信息。然后他們想出了自己的理論，回到家里，在韋斯利的新筆記本上寫下來。)”主要講述的是兩個孩子開展這個項目的過程，也就是“他們是如何開展這個項目的”，故選A。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句話“IwanttosendyouallaquickemailandexpressmyfeelingsaboutschoolthisrainyMondaymorning.(在這個下雨的星期一早晨，我想給大家發(fā)一封簡短的電子郵件，表達(dá)我對學(xué)校的感受。)”和文章的最后一段的第一句話“Theyhavealwaysbeencreative，butIcantellwhatyouaredoingatschoolisnotonlymotivatingthemtobemorecreative，butgivingthemaframeworkonhowtodoit!(他們一直都很有創(chuàng)造力，但是我可以告訴你，你在學(xué)校所做的不僅僅是激勵他們變得更有創(chuàng)造力，而且給他們一個如何去做的框架！)”可知，作者寫這封郵件的主要目的是為了贊揚(yáng)學(xué)校的這種高效的教學(xué)方式。故選B。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文作者的敘述語氣以及文章最后一句話“Thankyou”可知，文章是一位家長寫給學(xué)校的感謝信，作者對學(xué)校里的PBL的教學(xué)方式給予了高度贊揚(yáng)。由此可推知，作者在寫這封信的時候，是感激并且滿意的。故選D。CSharingabedwithapetatnightisacommonfeatureofnighttimeroutinesintheUnitedStates.Accordingtoa2021—2022survey,43percentofpetdogsintheUnitedStatesand49percentofpetcatssleepontheirowner’sbed.Whenitcomestotheperksofsharingyourbedwithyourfavouritefurryfriend,however,expertsaredivided.First,it’sworthnotingthatthemajorityofresearchonthetopicofco-sleepingwithpetshasfocusedondogsratherthancats.MarkFierstein,aninternalmedicinespecialistatNYULangoneHealthinNewYorkCity,suggeststhisisbecausecatsmaywanttoplayorevenpurposelywakeuptheirowner.Rabbitsorhamstersarealsooutofthequestion.Abenefitofsleepingwithpetsisthatthepracticemaypreventloneliness,Fiersteinsays.“Often,peoplewhoco-sleepwithpetsreportanincreasedsenseofsecurity,companionship,andrelaxation,”henotes.“Forsomepeople,thedog’swarmth,steadyheartbeat,andprotectivenaturecanmakesleepingwiththemfeelsafeandcozy.”Thismaybeespeciallytrueofpeoplewhoaremanagingtrauma(創(chuàng)傷)orpost-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD).LeslieSinn,apsychologist,saysaccordingtoasurvey,60%ofPTSDsuffersfeelcalmdowniftheywakeuptoseethepresenceofthedog.Someresearchsuggestsco-sleepingwithpetsmayincreasemid-nightawakeningsforpeople.“Iftheownerisalightsleeper,heorshemaynotdowellwithadogorcatinthebedroom,”notesFierstein.Forexample,hepointsoutthatadogwhosnores(打呼嚕)loudlyisnotanidealsleepingmate.Dogsmayalsoshowaggressive(好斗的)behaviour—suchasbiting.Allowingpetsinthebedroomcanalsoexposeownerstopotentialallergens(過敏源),likepethair,aswellasvirusesthatcausedisease.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“perks”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Feelings. B.Dangers. C.Plans. D.Advantages.9.Whichmightbeasuitablepettoshareabedwith?A.Acat. B.Adog. C.Arabbit. D.Ahamster.10.Whatisabenefitofsleepingwithpets?A.Protectingpets. B.Avoidingloneliness.C.Savingmoney. D.Keepingbusy.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.WhoCanSleepwithaPet? B.IsItBeneficialtoKeepaPet?C.IsSleepingwithaPetaGoodIdea? D.WhatKindofPetCanweCo-Sleepwith?【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了讓自己的寵物和自己一起睡在床上的好處以及由此可能帶來的風(fēng)險。8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Abenefitofsleepingwithpetsisthatthepracticemaypreventloneliness,Fiersteinsays.(菲爾斯坦說，和寵物一起睡覺的一個好處是，這種做法可以防止孤獨(dú)感)”以及“Forsomepeople,thedog’swarmth,steadyheartbeat,andprotectivenaturecanmakesleepingwiththemfeelsafeandcozy.(通常情況下，與寵物共眠的人會有更強(qiáng)的安全感、陪伴感和放松感)”可知，文章前半部分主要談?wù)摰亩际桥c自己寵物分享床鋪的好處。故畫線詞的意思是“好處”。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“First,it’sworthnotingthatthemajorityofresearchonthetopicofco-sleepingwithpetshasfocusedondogsratherthancats.MarkFierstein,aninternalmedicinespecialistatNYULangoneHealthinNewYorkCity,suggeststhisisbecausecatsmaywanttoplayorevenpurposelywakeuptheirowner.Rabbitsorhamstersarealsooutofthequestion.(首先，值得注意的是，大多數(shù)關(guān)于與寵物共眠的研究都集中在狗身上，而不是貓。紐約市紐朗格尼健康中心的內(nèi)科專家馬克·菲爾斯坦認(rèn)為，這是因?yàn)樨埧赡芟胍嫠?，甚至故意吵醒它們的主人。兔子或倉鼠也不在考慮之列)”推知，狗是最合適的分享床鋪的寵物。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Abenefitofsleepingwithpetsisthatthepracticemaypreventloneliness,Fiersteinsays.(菲爾斯坦說，和寵物一起睡覺的一個好處是，這種做法可以防止孤獨(dú)感)”可知，讓寵物陪伴睡眠，可以防止孤獨(dú)寂寞。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“SharingabedwithapetatnightisacommonfeatureofnighttimeroutinesintheUnitedStates.Accordingtoa2021—2022survey,43percentofpetdogsintheUnitedStatesand49percentofpetcatssleepontheirowner’sbed.Whenitcomestotheperksofsharingyourbedwithyourfavouritefurryfriend,however,expertsaredivided.(在美國，晚上和寵物同睡一張床是一種常見的夜間習(xí)慣。根據(jù)2021-2022年的一項調(diào)查，美國43%的寵物狗和49%的寵物貓睡在主人的床上。然而，當(dāng)談到與你最喜歡的毛茸茸的朋友同床共枕的好處時，專家們意見不一)”以及這篇文章主要討論的是讓自己的寵物和自己一起睡在床上的好處以及由此可能帶來的風(fēng)險,故C選項“和寵物一起睡覺是個好主意嗎？”最合適文章標(biāo)題。故選C。DNearly40percentofAmericansovertheageof65takefiveormoredifferentdrugs,anddoctorsoftensimplyhavetomonitorpatientstoseeifanyofthosedrugscombinetocreatenegativesideeffects.Whenadoctorprescribes(給……開藥)apatientmorethanonedrugatthesametime,theycurrentlyhavenowaytopredictwhetherthatcombinationofthesedrugswillhaveanegativesideeffect.AnewsystemfromateamofcomputerscientistsatStanfordUniversitypresentsanovelsolution—anAI-drivencomputersystemthatcanpredicttheconsequencesofcombiningtwodrugs.Drugcombinationsarearemarkablyunstudiedarea,butasMarinkaZitnikexplains,“It’spracticallyimpossibletotestanewdrugincombinationwithallotherdrugs,becausejustforonedrugthatwouldbefivethousandnewexperiments.”Besides,tomaintainaccuracyalsoneedsstrictresearchprocedures.SoZitnikandherStanfordcolleaguessetouttofindasolutiontotheproblem.Theycreatedamassivedeeplearningsystemtrainedondataencompassing(包含)overl9,00oproteinsandhowdifferentdrugsinteractwiththoseproteins.ThesystemiscalledDecagon,anditcaneffectivelypredicttheconsequencesofcombininganytwodifferentdrugs.TotestoutDecagon’spredictiveabilitiestheteamexamined10ofthesystemspredicteddrugpairinteractionsthatdidn’thaveclearlyknownunfavourableinteractions.Theresearchersfoundnewsupportingcasestudyevidencebackingup8ofthose10predictions.Forexample,onepredictionfromDecagonsuggestedmuscleinflammation(炎癥)wouldbecausedbycombiningacertaincholesterol(膽固醇)drugwithabloodpressuremedication.Thisnegativesideeffectofcombiningthosetwodrugswasonlyrecentlyconfirmedbyacasestudypublishedin2017.ThenextstageintheprojectistotrytoturnDecagonintoamoreuser-friendlytoolthatdoctorscaneasilynavigate(導(dǎo)航)forinformationwhenprescribingcombinationsofdrugs,benefitingmorepeople.Atthisstage,thesystemonlyevaluates(評估)drugpairsbuttheresearchershopetoexpandthatintomorecomplexcombinationsofdrugsinthefuture.12.Whatproblemfacesdoctorswhenprescribingseveraldrugstogether?A.Theycan’tpreventsideeffectsofdrugs.B.Theydon’tknowthebadinfluencesofthecombination.C.Theyhavetomonitorwhetherpatientswilltakedrugs.D.TheymustpredicttheeffectsofdrugswithanAlsystem.13.Whyistheareaofdrugcombinationsalmostunstudied?A.Theyrequirenumerousexperiments.B.Theyarenotthatimportanttopeople.C.It’sratherexpensivetodotheresearch.D.It’simpossibletokeepresultsaccurate.14.WhatcanweknowaboutDecagon?A.Itcanpredictinfluencesofcombiningthreedrugs.B.Itwouldn’tcontributetopeople’sdeeplearning.C.Itcantelltheresultsofcombiningtwodrugs.D.Itanalyseshowproteinsinteractwitheachother.15.Whichaspectwillresearchersworkoninthefuture?A.Makingthesystemavailabletomorepeople.B.Improvingsomecriticalfunctionsofthesystem.CEnhancingpeople’srecognitiononitsaccuracy.D.Adoptingamorefriendlyattitudetowardpatients.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一個醫(yī)療方面的系統(tǒng)Decagon，該系統(tǒng)可以幫助醫(yī)生評估同時開出兩種藥有可能對病人產(chǎn)生的副作用，從而幫助醫(yī)生開出正確的處方?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句話“theycurrentlyhavenowaytopredictwhetherthatcombinationofthesedrugswillhaveanegativesideeffect(他們目前還沒有辦法預(yù)測這些藥物的組合是否會產(chǎn)生負(fù)面的副作用。)”可知，醫(yī)生開多種藥物的處方時會遇到的問題是，他們不知道這種組合會產(chǎn)生什么樣的負(fù)面影響。故選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“It’spracticallyimpossibletotestanewdrugincombinationwithallotherdrugs，becausejustforonedrugthatwouldbefivethousandnewexperiments.(幾乎不可能將一種新藥與所有其他藥物結(jié)合起來進(jìn)行測試，因?yàn)閮H僅一種藥物就需要進(jìn)行5000次新的實(shí)驗(yàn))”可知，要想知道一種藥物與其他一種藥物的反應(yīng)，需要5000次的實(shí)驗(yàn)，那如果要想知道這種藥物和其他所有藥物的反應(yīng)，可想而知要經(jīng)過大量的實(shí)驗(yàn)，所以說藥物組合的領(lǐng)域幾乎沒有被研究過是因?yàn)樗鼈冃枰罅康膶?shí)驗(yàn)。故選A。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句話“ThesystemiscalledDecagon,anditcaneffectivelypredicttheconsequencesofcombininganytwodifferentdrugs.(這個系統(tǒng)被稱為Decagon，它可以有效地預(yù)測任何兩種不同藥物結(jié)合的后果。)”可知，Decagon這個系統(tǒng)可以預(yù)測兩種藥物結(jié)合的后果。故選C。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“ThenextstageintheprojectistotrytoturnDecagonintoamoreuser-friendlytoolthatdoctorscaneasilynavigate(導(dǎo)航)forinformationwhenprescribingcombinationsofdrugs,benefitingmorepeople.Atthisstage,thesystemonlyevaluates(評估)drugpairsbuttheresearchershopetoexpandthatintomorecomplexcombinationsofdrugsinthefuture.(該項目的下一步是試圖將Decagon變成一個更加用戶友好的工具，醫(yī)生可以方便地在處方藥物組合時導(dǎo)航獲取信息，從而使更多的人受益。在這個階段，該系統(tǒng)只評估藥物對，但研究人員希望在未來將其擴(kuò)展到更復(fù)雜的藥物組合中。)”可知，下一個階段，這個項目是想把這個系統(tǒng)變得對使用者更為友好，更方便于定位到要找的信息，研究人員希望未來可以將這個系統(tǒng)延伸到更多復(fù)雜藥物的混合中去。比較四個選項，只有B選項“Improvingsomecriticalfunctionsofthesystem(改進(jìn)系統(tǒng)的一些關(guān)鍵功能。)”可以概括以上這些要點(diǎn)。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題3分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoReadandSpeakLikeaTVNewsReporterTVnewsreportersseemtoprojectconfidenceandauthoritywhentheyspeak.Asisthecasewithmanyskills,practicemakesperfectwhenitcomestoreporting.____16____Takenotesandwritedownanycharacteristicsyouwanttocopy.Then,printoutsomenewsstoriesandpractisereadingthemonyourown.Afteryou’vegainedalittlebitofconfidenceinyourreading,startpayingattentiontoyourbodylanguage,facialexpressions,andgestures(手勢).Watchthenewstolistentohowreporterssound.Closeyourevestofocusonthereporter’svoice.Usingtheirtone,thereportertellsyouwhatisimportant,whatissad,whatisexciting,andwhatyoudon’twanttomiss.____17____RecordyourseIfreadingareporttospotyourweaknesses.Breakoutthevideocameraorsmartphoneandeitherrecordvideooraudioofyourself.Playitbackandlistenclosely.Watchthenewsandcompareyourvoicetothereporter’s.____18____Youarecomparingyourselftoprofessionalnewscasterswhileyouarejustgettingstarted.Simplycomparetosechowyoucanimprove.____19____Typeupandprintanewsstorythatyouwanttopractisereading.Useafont(字體)thatis1.5“to2”tall.Thiswillmostaccuratelyreflecttheteleprompter(提詞器)type-style.Placethepapersonatableacrossfromyouandtrytoreadthemwhilemovingyoureyesaslittleaspossible.Bepreparedtogooff-scriptfromtimetotime.Thisiscalledad-libbing(即興演說),andyoumightseeexamplesofitbetweentwostoriesorattheendofastoryonthenews.____20____Comeupwithafewphrasesyoucanuseforavarietyofsituationssothattheysoundnatural.A.Youpractisethisway,too.B.Lookatthereporter’sbodylanguage.C.Trynottocriticizeyourselftooharshly.D.It’snotsomuchwhatthey’resaying,buthowtheyaresayingit.E.Practisekeepingyoureyesstillwhilereadingfromadistance.F.Thefirststepinlearningtoreportthenewsistowatchtheprofessionals.G.Areportermightgiveabriefopinionormakeacommentaboutthestory.【答案】16.F17.D18.C19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述如何像電視新聞記者一樣閱讀和說話。【詳解】1.根據(jù)下文“Then,printoutsomenewsstoriesandpractisereadingthemonyourown.(然后，打印出一些新聞故事，自己練習(xí)閱讀。)”中的“Then”可知，F(xiàn)項的“Thefirststep”是關(guān)鍵；根據(jù)下文“Takenotesandwritedownanycharacteristicsyouwanttocopy.(記下并寫下你想模仿的任何特征)”可知，記下并寫下你想模仿的任何特征，這需要先觀察，F(xiàn)項“學(xué)習(xí)報道新聞的第一步是觀察專業(yè)人士”符合題意。故選F。

2.根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“Watchthenewstolistentohowreporterssound.(看新聞，聽記者的聲音。)”可知本段主要建議“觀看新聞，聽聽記者的聲音”，注意他們的語氣和語調(diào)，故D項“看的不是他們說的什么內(nèi)容而是他們是如何說的”符合，對上文“Closeyourevestofocusonthereporter’svoice.Usingtheirtone,thereportertellsyouwhatisimportant,whatissad,whatisexciting,andwhatyoudon’twanttomiss(閉上眼睛，集中注意力聽記者的聲音。記者用他們的語氣告訴你什么是重要的，什么是悲傷的，什么是令人興奮的，什么是你不想錯過的)”的總結(jié)。故選D。3.上文建議“Watchthenewsandcompareyourvoicetothereporter’s.(觀看新聞并將你的聲音與記者的聲音進(jìn)行比較)”，下文“Youarecomparingyourselftoprofessionalnewscasterswhileyouarejustgettingstarted.(當(dāng)你剛剛開始時，你正在將自己與專業(yè)新聞播音員進(jìn)行比較。)”指出剛開始時，將自己與專業(yè)的新聞播音員進(jìn)行比較，所以不要過于嚴(yán)厲要求自己，C項“盡量不要過于嚴(yán)厲地批評自己”與上下文意思吻合。故選C。4.根據(jù)本段最后一句“Placethepapersonatableacrossfromyouandtrytoreadthemwhilemovingyoureyesaslittleaspossible.(把文件放在你對面的桌子上，閱讀的時候盡量不動眼睛)”可知，本段主要在講練習(xí)在遠(yuǎn)距離閱讀時保持眼睛靜止，E項“練習(xí)在遠(yuǎn)距離閱讀時保持眼睛靜止”作為小標(biāo)題符合題意。故選E。5.根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Bepreparedtogooff-scriptfromtimetotime.(做好時不時脫稿的準(zhǔn)備。)”和上句“Thisiscalledad-libbing,andyoumightseeexamplesofitbetweentwostoriesorattheendofastoryonthenews.(這被稱為即興表演，你可能會在兩個故事之間或在新聞的結(jié)尾看到相關(guān)的例子。)”可知，要做好脫稿的準(zhǔn)備，即對故事或新聞發(fā)表自己的意見，G項中的thestory是再現(xiàn)詞，G項“記者可能會對這個故事發(fā)表簡短的看法或評論。”符合語境。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A,B,C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。LouisTewanimaseemedborntorun.LikeotherHopipeopleinthelate19thcentury,Louisranforhismentaland____21____well-being.In1907,Louis____22____himselfridingononeofthelocomotives(火車頭)thathadamazedhimasaboy.WithnoknowledgeoftheEnglishlanguage,he____23____easttotheCarlisleIndianIndustrialSchoolinPennsylvania.The____24____inPennsylvaniawasmuchcolderthanwhatLouiswasusedto.Hemissedhisfamilyandhiswayoflife.Heturnedtosomething____25____,running.He’dseentheschool’strackteampractice,sohe____26____thecoach,GlennS.“Pop”Warner,andaskedifhecouldrunforhim.AfterwatchingLouisrun,Warner____27____realizedLouishadtalent.Warnercoachedhimon____28____hisstamina(耐力)andstrengthtotrackandfield.Itwasn’tlongbeforemedals,and____29____filledLouis’sroomattheCarlisleschool,andhe_____30_____acelebrity(名人)indistancerunninginAmerica.Evenwhenhewas_____31_____difficulties,Louisprevailed(戰(zhàn)勝).Heoncemissedhistraintoa_____32_____inHarrisburg.Insteadofcallingitaloss,heran18milestotheevent,_____33_____ontime.Heproceededtocompeteinthetwo-milerace,andhe_____34_____first!In1908,LouisenteredhisfirstOlympic,andplacedninthinthemarathon.Fouryearslater,he_____35_____inthe1912SummerOlympicinStockholm,Sweden.Thistim,heranthe10,000-metreraceandfinishedinsecondplace.21.A.social B.spiritual C.physical D.economic22.A.found B.caught C.employed D.occupied23.A.walked B.headed C.drove D.rode24.A.water B.school C.house D.weather25.A.practical B.slow C.doubtful D.familiar26.A.investigated B.criticized C.approached D.blamed27.A.rarely B.immediately C.eventually D.seriously28.A.applying B.directing C.delivering D.switching29.A.tricks B.prizes C.ideas D.smiles30.A.interviewed B.became C.inferred D.defeated31.A.facedwith B.satisfiedwith C.brokeninto D.filledwith32.A.station B.race C.meeting D.lesson33.A.coming B.working C.starting D.arriving34.A.adjusted B.finished C.ran D.explained35.A.competed B.volunteered C.stood D.continued【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.D26.C27.B28.A29.B30.B31.A32.B33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了1912年夏季奧運(yùn)會萬米賽的銀牌獲得者LouisTewanima的勵志故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：像其他霍皮人在19世紀(jì)后期，路易斯為他的精神和身體健康而跑。A.social社交的；B.spiritual精神上的；C.physical身體上的；D.economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的。由上文“Louisranforhismentaland”和下文“well-being”可知，此處指精神和身體上的健康。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：1907年，路易斯發(fā)現(xiàn)自己乘坐在一輛在他小時候就讓他驚嘆不已的火車上。A.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.caught捉住；C.employed雇傭；D.occupied占用。由下文“himselfridingononeofthelocomotives”可知，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己坐在一輛一直讓自己驚嘆不已的火車上，findsb.doingsth.意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)某人在做某事”。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：由于不懂英語，他向東去了賓夕法尼亞州的卡萊爾印第安工業(yè)學(xué)校。A.walked走路；B.headed前往；C.drove開車；D.rode騎行。由下文“easttotheCarlisleIndianIndustrialSchoolinPennsylvania.”可知，他向東去了賓夕法尼亞州的卡萊爾印第安工業(yè)學(xué)校，headeast意為“向東走”。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：賓夕法尼亞州的天氣比路易習(xí)慣的天氣要冷得多。A.water水；B.school學(xué)校；C.house房子；D.weather天氣。由下文“inPennsylvaniawasmuchcolderthanwhatLouiswasusedto.”可知，此處指天氣冷。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他轉(zhuǎn)向一個熟悉的東西——跑步。A.practical實(shí)用的；B.slow慢的；C.doubtful懷疑的；D.familiar熟悉的。由本文第一段第一句“LouisTewanimaseemedborntorun”可知，路易斯似乎天生就是跑步的料，所以他對跑步很熟悉，somethingfamiliar意為“熟悉的事情”。故選D。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他看過學(xué)校的田徑隊訓(xùn)練，所以他與教練GlennS接洽。A.investigated調(diào)查；B.criticized批評；C.approached接近；接洽；與……交談；D.blamed責(zé)備。由下文“askedifhecouldrunforhim.”可知，路易斯找到教練，與他交談，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：看到路易斯跑步后，華納立刻意識到路易斯很有天賦。A.rarely稀有地；B.immediately立即；C.eventually最后；D.seriously認(rèn)真地。由上文“AfterwatchingLouisrun”和下文“realizedLouishadtalent”可知，華