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QuantitativeInformationAnalysis_南京大學(xué)中國大學(xué)mooc課后章節(jié)答案期末考試題庫2023年Whenoptimizingamodel,weshouldalwaysconsideratrade-offbetweenmodelinterpretationandmodelaccuracy.
參考答案:
正確
Thestagesofdataanalyticsusuallyincludefeatureselection,modelingandtesting,modelevaluationand.
參考答案:
optimization
WewillusePython,Rand____inthisclass.
參考答案:
Stata
Whatistheultimatepurposeofdataanalysis?
參考答案:
Togaininsightsandhelpwithdecisionmaking
TheoutputofLDAwillbethematrixandmatrix.
參考答案:
word-versus-topics;document-versus-topics
InthealgorithmforLDA,anewtopicisassignedtoeachword,wherewechoosetopictwithprobability.
參考答案:
P(topict|documentdj)
*
P(worddj|topict)
LDAcanbeutilizedtogeneratetextvectors.
參考答案:
正確
A_________isatypeofstatisticalmodelfordiscoveringtheabstract“topics”thatoccurinacollectionofdocuments.
參考答案:
topicmodel
Whichoneofthefollowingcategoriesdoestherankingofastudent'sscore(e.g.,2)belongto?
參考答案:
Ordinal
Whichoneofthefollowingcategoriesdoestheaveragescoreofacourse(e.g.,85.2)belongto?
參考答案:
Ratio
______istheconditionthatoneisexposedtoincausalinference.
參考答案:
treat
WhatmightbethepotentialdrawbacksofRandomControlTrial(RCT)?
參考答案:
Timeconsuming_Sometimesnotrandomizable_Budgetconsuming
isthesumoftheabsolutedifferencesoftwovectors’correspondingfeatures.
參考答案:
Manhattandistance
Whichofthefollowingistextclassification?
參考答案:
Identifyingwhethertheemotionofadocumentispositiveornegative._Identifyingadvertisementsinemails.
Euclideandistanceeliminatestheeffectoftextlength.
參考答案:
錯(cuò)誤
_______________looksforpreviouslyundetectedpatternsinadatasetwithnopre-existinglabelsandwithaminimumofhumansupervision.
參考答案:
Unsupervisedlearning
Whichoneofthefollowingcategoriesdoesthegenderofastudent(e.g.,female)belongto?
參考答案:
Nominal
Whichoneofthefollowingcategoriesdoestheageofastudent(e.g.,19)belongto?
參考答案:
Interval
Informationanalyticsinclude:
參考答案:
Allofabove.
focusesonthepolarityofagiventext.
參考答案:
fine-grainedsentimentanalysis
Forobjectivityanalysis,theautomaticmethodswillclassifytextinto.
參考答案:
objectiveandsubjective
Rule-basedsystemsareveryna?vesincetheydonottakeintoaccounthowwordsarecombinedinasequence,nordotheytakeintoaccountthedifferencemeaningsofthesamewords.
參考答案:
正確
Wearestudyingtheeffectofcollegeeducationonone’sfuturesalary.SupposeTomhasgonetocollegeandhissalaryis$5,000permonth.WhichofthefollowingisTom’spotentialoutcome(potentialsalary)andobservedoutcome(observedsalary)?
參考答案:
Tom’searningsifhehasnotgonetocollege;Tom’spresentearnings
Howcanquantitativedataanalysisbeappliedinhealthcare?Chooseallappropriateoptions:
參考答案:
Useneuralnetworkmodelstostudythedatafrom
wearabledevicesandpredictdisease_Usetextanalysistobuildelectronicmedicalrecord_Usenetworkanalysistostudythespreadofanepidemic_Useregressionanalysistofindtherelationshipbetweenhealthcareexpenseandage
Howcanquantitativedataanalysisbeappliedinsports?Chooseallappropriateoptions:
參考答案:
Analystshelpteamsidentifytrendsthatmayimproveon=courttacticsorpracticehabits_Athletesusewearabledevicestofindhowfatiguewouldaffecttheirperformance_Somewearabletechnologylikehelmetscouldhelpathletesminimizeinjurythroughreceivingdata_Acoachusedatatodeterminethebestplaytocallinaspecificsituation
Bysomeestimates,businessesandfinancialinstitutionsuseonly0.5%ofavailabledata.Themostprobablecausesforthisproblemshouldbe___.
參考答案:
thatthehugevolumedataandnewdataproducedatahighspeedmakedataanalyticsmoredifficult_difficultyindatapreprocessinganddataorganization
Quantitativeinformationanalysisismorereliablethanqualitativeinformationanalysis.
參考答案:
錯(cuò)誤
Whichoneofthefollowingdoesnotbelongtothedescriptivestatisticsofonequantitativevariable:
參考答案:
Distribution
Fortf-idfweightedbagofwords,rarewordsthatonlyappearinafewdocumentswillhaverelevantlylargerweight.
參考答案:
正確
Whatarethecriteriathatacausalrelationshipmustfulfill?
參考答案:
Thecauseandtheeffectmusthavetemporalorder._Thecauseandeffectmustbecorrelatedwithoneanother._Theobservedempiricalcorrelationbetweenthetwovariablescannotbeexplainedawayastheresultofathirdvariable._Repeatedpracticeofthecausealwaysleadstothesameeffect.
Theexistenceofoutputdeterminesthetypeofstatisticallearning.Theyare___and___.
參考答案:
supervisedlearning,unsupervisedlearning
Whenwemakepredictions,wecommonlyuseclusteringandclassification.Forexample,ifIwanttodecidethebreedofdogsusingtheirbiologicaldata,Iwilluse______.
參考答案:
classification
TheMattheweffectisexamplifiedinthislectureas:alimitednumberofpapershavea__numberofcitations:
參考答案:
large##%_YZPRLFH_%##big##%_YZPRLFH_%##great
Whichofthefollowingcannotbeusedforbivariatedataanalysis:
參考答案:
One-dimensionaldistribution
Insituation_,wewillusePearson’scorrelationcoefficient.
參考答案:
Continuous,normallydistributed,lineardata
Intheexampleaboutconfidenceintervalinthislecture,whydowedrawsamplesfor1000times?
參考答案:
Decreasethenegativeeffectfromunusualdatapoints
Whichofthefollowingisnotamethodusedformultivariatedataanalysis:
參考答案:
Singlescatterplot
Whichofthefollowingvalueshowsapositivecorrelation:
參考答案:
1.0
PCAcouldbeusedfordatavisualizationanddimensionreduction.
參考答案:
正確
PropensityScoreisoftencalculatedwitharegression.
參考答案:
Polynomial
Thefollowingtableliststhepropensityscoreforthetreatmentandcontrolgroup.Whendoinggreedymatchingwithoutreplacement,whichsubjectinthecontrolgroupismatchedtoSandyinthetreatmentgroup?【圖片】
參考答案:
Jack
Whenstudyingtherelationshipbetweencollegeeducationandfuturesalaries,whatmightbepossiblefactorsthatcauseselectionbias?
參考答案:
IndividualIntelligenceLevel_FamilyBackground_Theeffortonecandevotetohiscareer
Anisanempiricalinvestigation,inwhichtheobjectistoelucidatecauseandeffectrelationshipsinsettingsinwhichitisnotfeasibletousecontrolledexperimentation.
參考答案:
observation
Machinelearningisthesameasstatisticallearning.
參考答案:
錯(cuò)誤
Mostbasketballplayersareextremelytall.Therefore,playingbasketballmakesonegrowtaller.Whichmistakeisthestatementsubjectto?
參考答案:
ReverseCausality
Selectionbiascancauseendogeneityissue.
參考答案:
正確
Theassumesthatthetreatmentgroupwouldhavethesametimetrendasthecontrolgroupabsentfromthetreatment.
參考答案:
Paralleltrendsassumption
_____isamulti-dimensionaldatainvolvingmeasurementsovertime.
參考答案:
Paneldata
Whichofthefollowingstatementforomittingtheexplanatoryvariablesisnottrue?
參考答案:
Explanatoryvariable
x
inyourmodelisalwayscorrelatedwithestimatedresidualsifyouomittedsomeexplanatoryvariables.
Inmeasurementerror,thereexistsdeviationbetweenthesamplevalueandtherealvalue,if【圖片】istheobservedvalue,【圖片】istherealvalueand【圖片】isdeviationthenwhichofthefollowingisnottrue?
參考答案:
Covariancebetween
andresidualisnolongerzero.
Wecallthephenomenonofscientistsmovingfromadevelopingcountrytoadevelopedcountryas:
參考答案:
BrainDrain
Whatquasi-experimentmethodsareusedinthisresearch?
參考答案:
PSM-DID
Whichofthefollowingbelongstoselectionbias?
參考答案:
Aftermoving,onewillworkmoreefficientlybecausetheyareexposedtonewenvironmentandnewideas.
Inthisresearch,whichofthefollowingtwoindicatorsareusedtomeasurescientists’ability?
參考答案:
Thenumberofpaperstheypublishedperyear_Theirchancesofbeingcorrespondingauthors
Whichofthefollowingdescribeofendogeneityisnottrue?
參考答案:
Endogeneitywillnotdestroytheuniformityparameterestimates.
Whatkindofregressionmodelcanweusetoexplorerelationsbetweengenderandcitationscounts,giventhatthenumberofcitations(thedependentvariable)ishighlyskewedandthestandarddeviationofthenumberofcitationsissimilartoitsmean?
參考答案:
NegativeBinomialregressionmodel
Whichofthefollowingpublicationdependsstronglieronearlierpublications(bothreceived5citationsandhave3references).
參考答案:
A
Whichofthefollowingfigurehasabroadercitationimpact?【圖片】
參考答案:
B
Forprincipalcomponentanalysis,whichofthefollowingstatementisnottrue?
參考答案:
TheindependentvariablesafterusingPCAalwaysmakesense.
Thisisamatrixmultiplicationformultiplelinearregression,【圖片】,ifnisthenumberofindependentvariablesand【圖片】isann×1columnvector,pisthenumberofobservations,thenwhichofthefollowingstatementistrue?
參考答案:
isann×(p+1)matrix.
WhichofthefollowingmightviolatetheinternalvalidityofRDD?
參考答案:
Theobservationsonthetwosidesofthecutpointaretreateddifferentlybecauseoffactorsotherthanthetreatment.
WhenvisualizingRDD,thelargerbinwidthsweselect,thenoisewegetandtheinformationwelose.
參考答案:
less,more
InRegressionDiscontinuityDesign,therunningvariablecanmustbenumeric.
參考答案:
正確
Accordingtothisfigure,wecanarguethatcollaborationenhancesproductivity.【圖片】
參考答案:
錯(cuò)誤
Inthisresearch,whichofthefollowingisusedastherunningvariableforRDD?
參考答案:
Theevaluationscorefortheapplication
Thescreeningeffectisthesingleonefactorthatcausedthegapbetweennear-winsandnear-misses.
參考答案:
錯(cuò)誤
________effectsuggeststhatearly-careersuccesshelpsbringfuturevictoriesbecauseitnotonlybringscommunityrecognition,futureattentionandacademicresources,butalsobolstersself-confidence.
參考答案:
Matthew
_________mechanismsuggestthatifearly-careerfailuresscreenoutless-determinedresearchers,earlysetbacksamongthosewhoremaincould,perhapscounterintuitively,becomeamarkerforfutureachievement.
參考答案:
screening
Basedonwhatyouhavelearnedabouttypesofregression,whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?
參考答案:
PLSregressioncanbeusedforseveralquantitativedependentvariables.
Thefirstharticlesrankedbythecitationcountsindescendingorderformtheh-core,thenh-tailis
參考答案:
alltheotherarticlesoutsidetheh-core
WhichofthefollowingstatementforgoodnessoffittestforOLSisnottrue.
參考答案:
Goodnessoffittestisusedtodescribethevolatilityof
Yi
relativetoitsfittedvalue.
Theh-coreconsistspublication
參考答案:
A,B,C,D,E
Theextendedh-coreincludingpublications
參考答案:
A,B,C,D,E,F
Whichofthefollowinghasnochancestoaffectthevalueoftheh-index?
參考答案:
Increasingthenumberofco-authors
Thecentralfeatureofgrangercausalityis.
參考答案:
Predictability
Iftimeseries【圖片】canbeusedtopredict【圖片】,whichofthefollowinghypothesismuststandforthefollowingformula?【圖片】
參考答案:
Atleastoneof
isnotzero.
Grangercausalityonlyrevealscorrelation,notcausality.
參考答案:
正確
Weusuallyuse_totestPearsoncorrelationcoefficient.
參考答案:
t-test
Weusuallyuse__totestSpearmanrankordercorrelationcoefficient.
參考答案:
z-test
WhichofthefollowingstatementsofSpearmanrankordercorrelationcoefficientandKendallrankcorrelationcoefficientistrue?
參考答案:
WechangeoriginaldatatorankpairofdatainSpearmanrankordercorrelationcoefficienttoeliminatetheinfluenceofoutliers.
AccordingtotheruleofOLS,the__needstobethesmallest.
參考答案:
residualsumofsquares
Inthefollowingequation【圖片】,【圖片】is__.
參考答案:
residual
_____isthemostwidely-acceptedindextojudgetheacademicimpactofaresearchpaper.
參考答案:
Citation
Whendecidingthedirectionofcausalityusingthefollowingtwoformulas,whatresultsindicateunidirectionalgrangercausalityfromcitationstodownloads.【圖片】【圖片】
參考答案:
Atleastoneof
doesnotequal0whileall
isequalto0.
Whendecidingthedirectionofcausalityusingthetwoformulasinthelastquestion,whatresultsindicatebidirectionalcausality.
參考答案:
Atleastoneof
doesnotequal0andatleastoneof
doesnotequal0.
Withtheresult,wecandrawaconclusionthatdownloadsisagoodindicatorforfuturecitationimpact.【圖片】
參考答案:
錯(cuò)誤
Whichofthefollowingstatementaboutregressionanalysisisnottrue?
參考答案:
Regressionanalysisisomnipotent.
Onepotentialflawoftheh-indexisthatpublicationsandcitationsarenot_____oneachother.
參考答案:
independent
Aninformationnetworkconsistsof_______.
參考答案:
bothAandB
Anacademiccollaborationnetworkisonetypeofsocialnetwork.Insuchanetwork,anodewithdegreetwomeansthat:
參考答案:
Ascholarhascoauthoredpublicationswithtwootherscholars.
InGraph1,wecouldfindaEulercircuit:Startingfromnodea,wecouldtravelthroughalltheedgesincircuit(a,e,c,b,e,d,a)withoutrepetition.WhatabouttheSevenBridgesofK?nigsberg?CanyoufindaEulercircuitinit?【圖片】【圖片】Graph1SevenBridgesofK?nigsberg
參考答案:
錯(cuò)誤
Howmanynodesarethereinthisgraph?Howmanypathsaretherebetweennodeaandnodec?【圖片】
參考答案:
9,11
FillintheblankoftheadjacencymatrixAofthegraphbelow.【圖片】【圖片】
參考答案:
A31=1,A42=2
Thisisaweightedgraphmodelofanairlinesystem,wheretheweightonanedgeistheleastpriceavailableforaflightbetweenthetwocities.FindaroutewiththeleasttotalairfarebetweenSanFranciscoandMiami.【圖片】
參考答案:
SanFrancisco–NewYork-Miami
Acompletegraphonnnodes,denotedbyKn,isagraphthatcontainsexactlyoneedgebetweeneachpairofnodes.Thereisnoself-circleinacompletegraph.K1,K2andK3areshownbelow:【圖片】SohowmanyedgesarethereinaK4?HowaboutKn?(n>=2)?
參考答案:
6,
Theprocessofdrawingaconclusionaboutacausalconnectionbetweenthecauseandeffectiscalled______.
參考答案:
causalinference
Whichofthefollowingterminologyisthesameasreproducibility
參考答案:
Reliability
Normalizationwithz-valuecanbeusedfor
參考答案:
Normallydistributeddata
Theclosenesscentralitycanmeasurethe_______ofanetwork.
參考答案:
efficiency
Thebetweennesscentralityisthenumberoftimesanodeneedsagivennodetoreachanothernode,whichmeansitisthenumberofpathsthatpassthroughagivennode.
參考答案:
shortest
Whichofthefollowingconceptsisnotrelevanttothediversityindicators
參考答案:
Modularity
Anindicatorisamathematicalexpressionthatcanbeappliedto________data.
參考答案:
numerical
Balancedescribesthenumberofdistinctivecategories.
參考答案:
錯(cuò)誤
WhichofthefollowingstatementofclassicalanalysisandEDAisnottrue:
參考答案:
InEDA,weestimatethemodeldirectlyafterpreparingdata
Doestheh-indexmeasurehowGOODascientistis?
參考答案:
錯(cuò)誤
Readthefollowingtableandanswerquestions2-4Thehindexofthisauthoris.【圖片】
參考答案:
5
Sentimentanalysisisakindof.Itutilizestexttechniques.
參考答案:
Supervisedlearning;classification
Whatistheaveragepathlengthofthisgraph?(Hint:listtheshortestpathbetweeneachpairofnodesandcalculatetheaverageofthem.Refertothedefinitionofit.)Whataboutthediameter?【圖片】
參考答案:
23/15,3
Inasocialnetwork,whichofthefollowingwouldoneexpecttobetrueaboutthedegreesofitsnodes?
參考答案:
Avarietyofdegreesistobefound
Selectthefeaturesofasmallworldnetwork.
參考答案:
Ahugesize_Nohub_Sparse
Accordingtotheformulaofaverageclusteringcoeffcient,calculatetheaverageclusteringcoefficientofthisgraph.【圖片】
參考答案:
1
Ahubinanetworkisanodewithhighdegree.
參考答案:
正確
Hubsaremorelikelytobemoreimportantthanothernodes.
參考答案:
正確
Hubsonlyappearinnetworkswithmorethan2nodes.
參考答案:
正確
NetworkAhas50nodesand100links.TheaveragedegreeofnetworkAis_.
參考答案:
2
Howmanyconnectedcomponentsarethereinthegraphbelow?【圖片】
參考答案:
3
Determinewhetherthegraphsisstronglyconnectedorweaklyconnected.【圖片】
參考答案:
stronglyconnected
Determinewhethereachofthesegraphsisstronglyconnectedorweaklyconnected.【圖片】
參考答案:
weaklyconnected
Whatdoesthecriticalprobability【圖片】mean?
參考答案:
Itistheprobabilitythatdetermineswhetheranetworkwillhavesomeproperty.
Givenarandomnetworkof50nodesandaveragenodedegreek=10,whichofthefollowingislikelytobeclosesttotheaveragepathlengthofthatnetwok?
參考答案:
2
Considerthestep-by-stepprocessfromthepreviousquestion.Ateachstepintheprocess,supposeyourecordthesizeofthelargestcomponent.Whichofthefollowingtendstobetrueaboutthesequenceoflargestcomponentsizesasyouaddedges?
參考答案:
Increasesslowlyuntilsomethreshold,increasesveryquicklyforashorttime,andthenincreasesslowlyafterwards
Considerthefollowingprocess.First,startwithacollectionofNnodesandnolinks.Thisisclearlyadisconnectednetwork.Then,onebyone,addalinkbetweentwonodesnotalreadyconnectedtoeachother.Continueuntilyouhaveacompletenetwork.Howmanystepsareinthisprocess?
參考答案:
N-1
Whatistheruleofclustering?
參考答案:
Minimizethesimilaritybetweenclustersandmaximizethesimilaritywithinclusters
Nowwehaveadendrogramofournetwork.Howmanyclusterswouldyouretainifyoucutthedendrogramatthedistance6?【圖片】
參考答案:
5
Inarandomnetwork,thedegreedistributionofnodesalwaysfollows_____.
參考答案:
poissondistribution
Inarealnetwork,itusuallyfollows______.
參考答案:
powerlaw
Considertheexampleinthegraphbelow.Accordingtothelinearthresholdmodel,will
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