職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)歷年考試真題及答案匯總

好學(xué)教育–用戶體驗(yàn)最好的O2O學(xué)習(xí)平臺(tái)職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)歷年考試真題及答案匯總2014年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)考試真題、模擬題盡收其中，千名業(yè)界權(quán)威名師精心解析，精細(xì)化試題分析、完美解析一網(wǎng)打盡！在線做題就選針題庫(kù)：/oXVZF第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或者短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。1.Herfatherwasaquietmanwithgracefulmanners.A.badB.politeC.similarD.usual2.Patriciastaredattheothergirlswithresentment.A.loveB.surpriseC.doubtD.anger3.Yourdogneedsatleast20minutesofvigorousexerciseeveryday.A.energenticB.physicalC.regularD.free4.Ouraggrangementswerethrownintocompleteturmoil.A.failureB.confusionC.doubtD.relief5.Steepstairscanpresentaparticularhazardtoolderpeople.A.evidenceB.dangerC.caseD.picture6.Ienjoyedtheplay-ithadacleverplotandveryfunnydialogues.A.longB.originalC.humorousD.boring7.Hedemolishedmyargumentsinminutes.A.disprovedB.disputedC.acceptedD.supported8.Thetwobankshaveannouncedplanstomergenextyear.A.combineB.sellC.closeD.break9.Regularvisitsfromasocialworkercanbeofimmensevaluetooldpeoplelivingalone.A.immediateB.greatC.equalD.moderate10.Iwanttoprovidemyboyswithadecenteducation.A.privateB.generalC.goodD.special11.Lowertaxeswouldspurinvestmentandhelpeconomicgrowth.A.attractB.encourageC.requireD.spend12.Hewaskeptinappallingconditionsinprison.A.criticalB.tembleC.necessaryD.normal13.Ican'tputupwithmyneighbor'snoiseanylonger,it'sdrivingmemad.A.measureB.generateC.tolerateD.reduce14.Theprojectrequiredtenyearsofdiligentresearch.A.hardworkingB.scientificC.basicD.social15.Hewasrathervagueaboutthereasonswhyheneverfinishedschool.A.unclearB.brightC.badD.general答案1．B2．D3．A4．B5．B6．C7．A8．A9．B10.C11.B12.B13．C14.A15．A第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷;如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。"Wannabuyabody?"ThatwastheopeninglineofmorethanafewphonecallsIgotfromself-employedphotographerswhenIwasaphotoeditoratU.S.News.Likemanyinthemainstreampress,Iwantedtoseparatetheworldofphotographersinto"them",whotradeinpicturesofbodiesorrunafterfamouspeoplelikePrincessDiana,and"us",theseriousnewspeople.Butafter16yearsinthatrole,Icametowonderwhetherthetwoworldswereeasilydistinguishable.Workinginthereputableworldofjournalism,Itoldphotographerstocoverotherpeople'sdifficultlifesituations.Ijustifiedmarchingintomomentsofsadness,undertheappearanceofthereader'srighttoknow.Iworkedwithprofessionalstalkingtheirwayintosituationsorshootingfrombehindpolicelines.AndIwasn'talone.InanyAmericantown,afteracarcrashorsomeotherhorribleincidentwhenordinarypeoplearehurtorkilled,yourarelyseephotographerspushingpastrescueworkerstotakephotosofthebloodandinjuries.Butyouarelikelytoseelocalnewspaperandtelevisionphotographersonthescene–andfast…Howcanwejustifydoingthis?Journalistsaretaughttoseparate,doingthejobfromworryingabouttheconsequencesofpublishingwhattheyrecord.Repeatedly,theyareremindedofanews-businesssaying:Leaveyourconscienceintheoffice,Avictimmayliebleeding,unconscious,ordead.Yourjobistorecordtheimage(圖象).You'reaphotographer,notanemergencymedicalworker.Youputawayyourfeelingsanddocumentthescene.Butcatastrophiceventsoftenbringouttheworstinphotographersandphotoeditors.Inthefirstminutesandhoursafteradisasteroccurs,photoagenciesbuypictures.Theyrushtoobtaintherightstobetheonlyonetoowntheseshockingimagesanddeathisusuallythesubject.Often,anagencybuysapicturefromalocalnewspaperoranamateurphotographerandputsitupforbidbymajormagazines.Themostsought-afterspecialpicturescommandtensofthousandsofdollarsthroughbiddingcontests.Iworkedonallthosestoriesandmanylikethem.Whentheyhappen,youmovequickly:buying,dealing,tryingtobeattheagenciestothepictures.Now,manypeoplebelievejournalistsarethehypocrites(偽君子)whoneedtobebroughtdown,andit'sourpicturesthatmostangerothers.Readersmaynotbelieve,aswedo,thatthereisadistinctionbetweenclear-minded"us"andmean-spirited"them".Intoomanycases,byourchoicesofimagesaswellashowwegetthem,weproveourreadersright.16.Thewriternevergotanofferforaphotographofadeadperson.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned17.Thewriterwasaphotographersixteenyearsago.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned18.Thewriterbelievesthatshootingpeople’snightmaresisjustifiable.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned19.Newsphotographersareusuallyaproblemforsecureworkersatanaccident.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned20.Journalistsaren’tsupposedtothinkaboutwhethertheyaredoingtherightthing.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned21.Editorssometimeshavetopayalotofmoneyforexclusivepictures.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned22.ManypeoplesaythattheyareannoyedbytheUSNewspictures.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned參考答案：BBACBAA第3部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23~26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落每段選擇1個(gè)小標(biāo)題;(2)第27~30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。TheStoryteller1.StevenSpielberghasalwayshadonegoal:totellasmanygreatstoriestoasmanypeopleaswilllisten.Andthat’swhathehasalwaysbeenabout.Thesonofacomputerscientistandapianist,SpielbergspenthisearlychildhoodinNewJerseyand,later,Arizona.Fromtheverybeginning,hisfertileimaginationfilledhisyoungmindwithimagesthatwouldlaterinspirehisfilmmaking.2.Evendecadeslater,Spielbergsayshehasclearmemoriesofhisearliestyears,whicharetheoriginsofsomeofhisbiggesthits.HebelievesthatE.T.istheresultofthedifficultyearsleadinguptohisparent’s1966divorce,“Itisreallyaboutayoungboywhowasinsearchofsomestabilityinhislife.”“Hewasscaredofjustabouteverything,”recallshismother,LeahAdler.“Whentreesbrushedagainstthehouse,hewouldheadintomybed.Andthat’sjustthekindofscarystuffhewouldputinfilmslikePoltergeist.”3.Spielbergwas11whenhefirstgothishandsonhisdad’smoviecameraandbeganshootingshortflicksaboutflyingsaucersandWorldWarΙΙbattles.Spielberg’stalentforscarystorytellingenabledhimtomakefriends.OnBoyScoutcampingtrips,whennightfell,Spielbergbecamethecenterofattention.“Stevenwouldstarttellinghisghoststories,”saysRichardY.HoffmanJr.,leaderofTroop294,“andeveryonewouldsuddenlygetquietsothattheycouldallhearit.”4.SpielbergmovedtoCaliforniawithhisfatherandwenttohighschoolthere,buthisgradesweresobadthathebarelygraduated.BothUCLAandUSCfilmschoolsrejectedhim,soheenteredCaliforniaStateUniversityatLongBeachbecauseitwasclosetoHollywood.Spielbergwasdeterminedtomakemovies,andhemanagedtogetanunpaid,non-creditinternship(實(shí)習(xí))inHollywood.Soonhewasgivenacontract,andhedroppedoutofcollege.Heneverlookedback.5.Now,manyyearslater,Spielbergisstilltellingstorieswithasmuchpassionasthekidinthetent.Askhimwherehegetshisideas,Spielbergshrugs.“Theprocessformeismostlyintuitive(憑直覺(jué)的),”hesays.“TherearefilmsthatIfeelIneedtomake,foravarietyofreasons,forpersonalreasons,forreasonsthatIwanttohavefun,thatthesubjectmatteriscool,thatIthinkmykidswilllikeit.AndsometimesIjustthinkthatitwillmakealotofmoney,likethesequel(續(xù)集)toJurassicPark.”23.Paragraph1___F___24.Paragraph2____A_____25.Paragraph3____E_____26.Paragraph4____D_____A.InspirationsforhismoviesB.ThetroubleofmakingmoviesC.AfunnymanD.GettingintothemoviebusinessE.TellingstoriestomakefriendsF.Anaimoflife27.SomeofSpielberg’smostsuccessfulmoviescamefrom____E___28.WhenSpielbergwasaboy,heusedtobescaredof____A_____29.Spielbergisverygoodat_____B____30.Spielbergsayshemakesmoviesfor____C____A.almosteverythingB.tellingscarystoriesC.anumberofreasonsD.makingchildrenlaughE.hischildhoodmemoriesF.alotofmoney第4部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。第一篇TheNationalTrustTheNationalTrustinBritainplaysanincreasinglyimportantpartinthepreservationforpublicenjoymentofthebestthatisleftunspoiledoftheBritishcountryside.AlthoughtheTrusthasreceivedpracticalandmoralsupportfromtheGovernment,itisnotarichGovernmentdepartment.ItisavoluntaryassociationofpeoplewhocarefortheunspoiledcountrysideandhistoricbuildingsofBritain.Itisacharitywhichdependsforitsexistenceonvoluntarysupportfrommembersofthepublic'.Itsprimarydutyistoprotectplacesofgreatnaturalbeautyandplacesofhistoricalinterest.TheattentionofthepublicwasfirstdrawntothedangersthreateningthegreatoldhousesandcastlesofBritainbythedeathofLordLothian,wholefthisgreatseventeenth-centuryhousetotheTrusttogetherwiththe4500-acreparkandestatesurroundingit.ThisgiftattractedwidepublicityandstartedtheTrust's"CountryHouseScheme”.Underthisscheme,withthehelpoftheGovernmentandthegeneralpublic,theTrusthasbeenabletosaveandmakeaccessibletothepublicaboutonehundredandfiftyoftheseoldhouses2.Lastyearaboutoneandthreequartersofamillionpeoplepaidtovisitthesehistorichouses,usuallyataverysmallcharge.InadditiontocountryhousesandopenspacestheTrustnowownssomeexamplesofancientwindandwatermills,naturereserves,fivehundredandfortyfarmsandnearlytwothousandfivehundredcottagesorsmallvillagehouses,aswellassomecompletevillages.Inthesevillagesnooneisallowedtobuild,develop'ordisturbtheoldvillageenvironmentinanywayandallthehousesaremaintainedintheiroriginalsixteenth-centurystyle.Overfourhundredthousandacresofcoastline,woodland,andhillcountryareprotectedbytheTrustandnodevelopmentordisturbancesofanykindarepermitted.Thepublichasfreeaccesstotheseareasandisonlyaskedtorespectthepeace,beautyandwildlife.SoitisthatoverthepasteightyyearstheTrusthasbecomeabigandimportantorganizationandanessentialandrespectedpartofnationallife,preservingallthatisofgreatnaturalbeautyandofhistoricalsignificancenotonlyforfuturegenerationsofBritonsbutalsoforthemillionsoftouristswhoeachyearinvadeBritaininsearchofagreathistoricandculturalheritage.31.Thenationaltrustisa____A.governmentagencydependingonvoluntaryservice.B.non-profitorganizationdependingonvoluntaryserviceC.governmentdepartmentbutisnotrich.D.privateorganizationsupportedbythegovernment32.TheNationalTrustisdedicatedtoA.preservingthebestpublicenjoymentB.providingthepublicwithfreeaccesstohistoricbuildingsC.offeringbetterservicestovisitorshomeandabroadD.protectingthounspoiledcountrysideandhistoricbuildings."n/33.Wecaninferfromparagraph2thatLordLothion____A.donatedallhismoneytotheTrustB.startedtheCountryHouseSchemeC.savedmanyoldcountryhousesinBritainD.wasinfluentialinhistime34.Allthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassageexcept_____A.thetrustmoreinterestedinprotectingthe16centuryhousesB.manypeoplecametovisitthehistorichousessavedbytheTrustC.visitorscanyetfreeaccesstusomeplacesownedbytheTrustD.theTrusthasahistorywhichislongerthan80years.35.Theword“invade”inparagraph4isclosestinmeaningtoA.comeinwithoutpermissionB.enterwithinvitationC.visitinlargenumberD.appear3'lofasudden第2篇HowweformfirstimpressionWeallhavefirstimpressionofsomeonewejustmet.Butwhy?Whydoweformanopinionaboutsomeonewithoutreallyknowinganythingabouthimorher–asideperhapsfromafewremarksorreadilyobservabletraits.Theanswerisrelatedtohowyourbrainallowsyoutobeawareoftheworld.Yourbrainissosensitiveinpickingupfacialtraits,evenveryminordifferenceinahowaperson’seyes,ears,nose,ormouthareplacedinrelationtoeachothermakeyouseehimorherasdifferent.Infact,yourbraincontinuouslyprocessesincomingsensoryinformation–thesightsandsoundsofyourworld.Thesesincoming“signals”arecomparedagainstahostof“memories”storedinthebrainareascalledthecortex(大腦皮層)systemtodeterminewhatthesenewsignals“mean”.Ifyouseesomeoneyouknowandlikeatschool,yourbrainsays“familiarandsafe”.“Ifyouseesomeonenew,itsays,“new—potentiallythreatening”.Thenyourbrainstartstomatchfeaturesofthisstrangerwithother“known”memories.Theheight,weight,dress,ethnicity,gesturesandtoneofvoiceareallmatchedup.Themoreunfamiliarthecharacteristics,themoreyourbrainmaysay,“Thisisnew.Idon’tlikethisperson.”O(jiān)relse,“Iamintrigued.”O(jiān)ryourbrainmayperceiveanewfacebutfamiliarclothes,ethnicity,gestures–likeyourotherfriends;soyourbrainsays:“Ilikethisperson.”Butthesespreliminary“impressions”canbedeadwrong.Whenwestereotypepeople,weusealessmatureformofthinking(notunliketheimmaturethinkingofaveryyoungchild)thatmakessimplisticandcategoricalimpressionsofothers.Ratherthanlearnaboutthedepthandbreadthofpeople–theirhistory,interest,values,strengths,andtruecharacter–wecategorizethemasjocks,geeks,orfreaks.However,ifweresistinitialstereotypicalimpressions,wehaveachancetobeawareofwhatapersonistrulylike.Ifwespendtimewithaperson,hearabouthisorherlife,hopes,dreams,andbecomeawareoftheperson’scharacter,weuseadifferent,morematurestyleofthinking—andthemostcomplexareasofourcortex,whichallowustobehumane.36.Ourfirstimpressionofsomeonenewisinfluencedbyhisorher_____A.pastexperienceB.characterC.facialfeaturesD.hobbies37.Ifyoumeetastrangerwithfamiliargestures,yourbrainismostlylikelytosay____A.“Heisfamiliarandsafe”B.“Heisnewandpotentiallythreatening”C.“Ilikethisperson”D.“ThisisnewIdon'tlikethisperson”38.Theword“preliminary”means____A.simplisticB.stereotypicalC.initialD.categorical39.Ourthinkingisnotmatureenoughwhenwestereotypepeoplebecause_____A.weneglecttheirdepthandbreadthB.theyarenotalllocks,peeks,orfreaksC.ourthinkingissimilartothatofaveryyoungchildD.ourjudgmentisalwayswrong40.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?A.One’sphysicalappearancecaninfluenceourfirstimpressionB.ourfirstimpressionisinfluencedbythesensitivityofourbrainC.StereotypicalimpressionscanbedeadwrongD.Weshouldadoptmaturethinkingwhengettingtoknowpeople第3篇ANewStrategytoOvercomeBreastCancerPost-menopausal(絕經(jīng)后)womenwhowalkforanhouradaycancuttheirchanceofbreastcancersignificantly,astudyhassuggested.Thereport,whichfollowed73,000womenfor17years,foundwalkingforatleastsevenhoursaweekloweredtheriskofthedisease.TheAmericanCancerSocietyteamsaidthiswasthefirsttimereducedriskwasspecificallylinkedtowalking.UKexpertssaiditwasmoreevidencethatlifestyleinfluencedcancerrisk.ArecentpollforthecharityRamblersaquarterofadultswalkfornomorethananhouraweek,butbeingactiveisknowntoreducetheriskofanumberofcancers.Thisstudy,publishedinCancerEpidemiology,Biomarkers&Prevention,followed73.615womenoutof97,785aged50-74whohadbeenrecruitedbytheAmericanCancerSocietybetween1992and1993,soitcouldmonitortheincidenceofcancerinthegroup.Theywereaskedtocompletequestionnairesontheirhealthandonhowmuchtimetheywereactiveandparticipatinginactivitiessuchaswalking,swimmingandaerobics(有氧運(yùn)動(dòng))andhowmuchtimetheyspentsittingwatchingtelevisionorreading.Theycompletedthesamequestionnairesattwo-yearintervalsbetween1997and2009.Ofthewomen,47%saidwalkingwastheironlyrecreationalactivity.Thosewhowalkedforatleastsevenhoursperweekhada14%lowerriskofbreastcancercomparedtothosewhowalkedthreeorfewerhoursperweek.Dr.AlpaPatel,aseniorepidemiologistattheAmericanCancerSocietyinAtlanta,Georgia,wholedthestudy,said:”Giventhatmorethan60%ofwomenreportsomedailywalking,promotingwalkingasahealthyleisure-timeactivitycouldbeaneffectivestrategyforincreasingphysicalactivityamongstpost-menopausalwomen.Wewerepleasedtofindthatwithoutanyotherrecreationalactivity,justwalkingonehouradaywasassociatedwithalowerriskofbreastcancerinthesewomen.””Morestrenuous(緊張的)andlongeractivitiesloweredtheriskevenmore.”BaronessDelythMorgan,chiefexecutiveofBreastCancerCampaign,said:“Thisstudyaddsfurtherevidencethatourlifestylechoicescanplayapartininfluencingtheriskofbreastcancerandevensmallchangesincorporateintoournormalday-to-dayactivitycanmakeadifference.”Sheadded:”Weknowthatthebestweapontoovercomingbreastcanceristheabilitytostopitoccurringinthefirstplace.Thechallengenowishowweturnthesefindingsintoactionandidentifyothersustainablelifestylechangesthatwillhelpuspreventbreastcancer.”41.AllofthefollowingfactorsrelatingtocancerriskwerementionedinthepassageEXCEPT________A.breathingexerciseB.regularwalkingC.recreationalactivityD.lifestylechoices42.ItcanbeinferredfromDr.AlpaPatel’sstudythat____.A.womenhavefewerchancesofphysicalactivityB.dailywalkingcouldcutthechanceofbreastcancerC.leisure-timeactivityisnotassociatedwithcancerriskD.walkingisnotrecommendedforwomenwithbreastcancer43.Dr.AlpaPatelwas_____.A.headofthesurveystudyB.chiefeditorofCancerEpidemiologyC.chairoftheAmericanCancerSocietyD.chiefexecutiveofBreastCancerCampaign44.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Mostwomentakewalkingastheironlyrecreationalactivity.B.Thestudyaimstotrackthehealthconditionsofitssubjects.C.WalkingwastheonlyrecreationalactivityforabouthalfofthewomenD.Irregularwalkingincreasedtheriskofbreastcancerinpost-menopausalwomen45.Theword“sustainable”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto?A.continuableB.affordableC.availableD.persistent第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共10分)下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章面貌。WronglyconvincedmanandhisaccusertelltheirstoriesNEWYORK,NY,January5,2010.St.Martin’sPresshasannouncedthereleaseofthepaperbackeditionofPickingCotton,aremarkabletruestoryofwhatnovelistJohnGrishamcallsan“accountofviolence,rage,redemption(救贖)，and,ultimatelyforgiveness.”Thestorybeganin1987,inBurlington,NorthCarolina,withtherapeofayoungwhilecollegestudentnamedJenniferThompson.Duringherordeal(折磨),Thompsonswore(發(fā)誓)toherselfthatshewouldneverforgetthefaceofherrapist(強(qiáng)奸犯),amanwhoclimbedthroughthewindowofherapartmentandassaulted(攻擊)herbrutally.Duringtheattack,shemadeanefforttomemorizeeverydetailofhisface,lookingforscars,tattoos(紋身)，orotheridentifyingmarks.(46F)Whenthepoliceaskedherifshecouldidentifytheassailant(襲擊者)fromabookofmugshots(嫌疑犯照片),shepickedonethatshewassurewascorrect,andlatersheidentifiedthesamemaninalineup(行列).Basedonherconvincingeyewitnesstestimony,a22-year-oldblackmannamedRonaldCottonwassentencedtoprisonfortwolifeterms.Cotton’slawyerappealedthedecision(提出上訴),andbythetimeoftheappealshearing(上訴聽(tīng)證會(huì)),evidencehadcometolightsuggestingthattherealrapistmighthavebeenamanwholookedverylikeCotton,animprisonedcriminalnamedBobbyPoole.Anothertrialwasheld.(47D)JenniferThompsonlookedatbothmenfacetoface,andonceagainsaidthatRonaldCottonwastheonewhorapedher.Elevenyearslater,DNAevidencecompletelyexonerated(證明??清白)Cottonandjustasunequivocally(明確地)convictedPoole,whoconfessedtothecrime.Thompsonwasshockedanddevastated(使震驚)(48E)“ThemanIwassosureIhadneverseeninmylifewasthemanwhowasinchesfrommythroat,whorapedme,whohurtme,whotookmyspiritaway,whorobbedmeofmysoul,”shewrote.“AndthemanIhadidentifiedsosurelyonsomanyoccasionswasabsolutelyinnocent.”JenniferThompsondecidedtomeetCottonandapologizetohimpersonally.(49A)Remarkablybothwereabletoputthistragedybehindthem,overcometheracialbarrierthatdividedthem,andwriteabook,whichtheyhavesubtitled“Ourmemoir(回憶錄)ofinjusticeandredemption(拯救).”Nevertheless,Thompsonsays,shestilllives“withconstantpainthatmyprofoundmistakecosthimsodearly.Icannotbegintoimaginewhatwouldhavehappenedhadmymistakenidentificationoccurredinacapital(可判死刑的)case.(50C)”A.JenniferThompsondecidedtomeetCottonandapologizetohimpersonally.B.Man