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考研《英語(yǔ)一》河南省駐馬店市西平縣2023年統(tǒng)考試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Friendsandneighborspouredintogreether.Thephonesringendlesslyandsheanswersthemtoaccept1fromallthewishers.Sheis2hergoldendayasshereaches50yearsofage.Hermotherwelcomedherintothisworldwithtearsof3,forshewasnotthesonhermotherhaddesired.Herfatherfeltblessedtohaveasweetlittledaughterlikeher4Asshegrewup,she5joytothewholefamily.Hergrandparentsmadeherlifeaprincess,buthermothernevershowedany6toher.Sheneverreallygotachanceto7aspecialmother-daughterbonding8,shewasalwayssurroundedbyherfriends.Butwhatshe9forwassometenderwordsoflovefromhermother.Asshegrewup,shefoundherownwaysto10hersorrowofsuchmentalhurt.Atcollege,shefoundsomeclosefriendsto11alifelongfriendshipwith.Herfriendsfelt12ofherandremarkedhowluckyshewastolivelikeaprincess.Latershemarriedayoungbachelorwho13herabrighterfuture.Therewereseveralupsanddownsintheir14buthissupportbroughtfresh15toherlife.Shesharedamagicalrelationshipwithherdaughter,andthusshe16asababywhenherdaughtermarriedandimmigratedabroad.Shesaidherdaughterhadhelpedher17thesorrowofherpast.Ourconversationwas18interruptedbyacall.Itdidn’ttakelongformeto19whothecallerwas.Itmustbeher20.1、A.warnings B.greetings C.suggestions D.opinions2、A.celebrating B.expecting C.receiving D.foreseeing3、A.gratefulness B.excitement C.sorrow D.a(chǎn)stonishment4、A.though B.yet C.therefore D.otherwise5、A.took B.a(chǎn)dmitted C.fetched D.brought6、A.patience B.love C.comfort D.terror7、A.share B.welcome C.increase D.improve8、A.Pitifully B.Regretfully C.Fortunately D.Normally9、A.longed B.prepared C.searched D.thanked10、A.predict B.a(chǎn)void C.resist D.overcome11、A.develop B.take C.compare D.fight12、A.tired B.envy C.a(chǎn)fraid D.a(chǎn)shamed13、A.a(chǎn)nswered B.promised C.a(chǎn)dvised D.informed14、A.quarrels B.studies C.relations D.lives15、A.hope B.disaster C.a(chǎn)pplause D.a(chǎn)greement16、A.laughed B.whispered C.cried D.a(chǎn)rgued17、A.off B.with C.through D.in18、A.casually B.gradually C.suddenly D.frequently19、A.detect B.guess C.imagine D.conclude20、A.daughter B.mother C.father D.brotherSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1We’vebeencoveringstandingdesksforalongtimenowbecauseexpertsagreethatsittingalldayiskillingus.Wewanttobeproductivewhilealsokeepingourbodieshealthy.Overtheyears,therehavebeenseveralsolutionstothisfromfixedstandingdeskstoadjustableones,portabledeskstoonesthatchangeintoshelves.However,themosthightechandelegantsolutionhastobethisnewsmartdeskcalledTheStirKineticDesk.Thedesklearnsyourdailybehaviorsandmovesbetweenasittingandstandingheightregularlythroughoutthedaytokeepyoumovingwithoutinterruptingyourworkflow.Youcanprogramspecificsittingandstandingintervalsorletthedesksettheschedule.Ifyoutendtositwhilereturningemailsinthemorning,butalwayswanttostandduringthatafternoonconferencecall,thedeskwilllearnthoseregularhabitsandadjustthescheduletofitthem.Ofcourse,thedeskcanalwaysbemanuallyloweredorraisedbyusingthetouchscreenonthelowerleftcomerofthedesk.Whenswitchingpositions,thedeskgentlydipsandrisestoletyouknowthatachangeiscomingup.Ifyou’renotreadytoswitchpositionsatthattime,youcantapthetouchscreentostaysittingorstandingforawhilelonger.Thebuilt-intouchscreenalsokeepstrackofyourdailysittingandstandingtimesandtellsyouhowmanycaloriesyou’veburned.Youcanevensetgoalsforhowlongoroftenyouwanttostand.ThedeskalsoworkswithfitnessdevicesliketheFitBittotrackyourmovements.Allofthatsmarttechdoesn’tcomecheapthough.TheM1desk,whichistheeverydaymodel,runsasteep$2,990,whilethemoreexecutivemodelwithaddedfeatures,theF1,goesfor$4,190.Whileexpensive,it’sworththinkingofhowmuchtimewespendatourdesks.Muchlikeagoodmattress(床墊),agooddeskthatworkswithyouisworththeinvestment.Hopefullyinafewyearsthesesmart,integrateddeskswillbemorecommonandlessexpensive.1、TheStirKineticDeskhasbeendesignedto_______.A.helpuserswiththeirwork B.keepusersmovingallthetimeC.getuserstoexercisewhileworking D.remindusersoftheirworkingschedule2、Whichisthefeatureofthetouchscreenofthedesk?A.Itcantelluserswhentochangepositions. B.Itcantrackusers’changesofpositions.C.Itcankeepusersinafixedposition. D.Itcandetectusers’healthcondition.3、Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethedesk?A.Productivebutchallenging. B.Convenientbutunaffordable.C.Complexandimpractical. D.Multi-functionalandintelligent.4、WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthelastparagraphA.Tospendmoneyonsuchadeskisrewarding.B.Weshouldgetsuchadeskassoonaspossible.C.Itwon’tbelongbeforethedeskiswidelyused.D.Desksplayaveryimportantroleinourdailylife.Text2Bambooisoneoftheworld'smostusefulplants.Forthousandsofyears,bamboohasbeenusedinmanydifferentways-fromfoodtomedicinetoclothingand,insmallways,asabuildingmaterial.However,bambooisnotoftenusedasabuildingmaterialinthedevelopedworld.AprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburghinPennsylvaniaistryingtochangethat.Theprofessorandhisstudentsaretestingthestrengthofbamboo.Theyaretestinghowmuchpressureorweightitcantakebeforebreaking.KentHarriesisaprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Harriessaysthattestingmethodsforbambooneedtobethesameforall.Theyneedtobestandardized.Standardizingtestmethodsforbamboowillhelptobringtheplantintocommonuse.Itwillalsogiveengineersandbuildersaroundtheworldadependablestandard.Harriessaysthatbambooisstronginnature.Thestrengthofatleastthreespeciesofbambooissimilartosteel.Besidesitsstrength,bamboohasotherfeaturesthatmakeitveryusefulinbuilding.Hesaysitisresilient(有彈力的),meaningitkeepsitsshapeandstrengthevenunderpressure.Bambooalsogrowsquickly.Bamboothatissuitableforconstructionneedsmuchlessresourcesthanwood.Theharvestcycleofbambooisabout3years.Softwoodssuchascedar,pineandsprucehaveaharvestcycleofabout10years.Andhardwoodsthatcomefromfloweringplantssuchasoakandwalnutneedmorethan30years.Bambooiswidelyusedasfoodforpandabears.Itisalsousedforflooringandwindowcovers.However,forbuilding,bambooisnotusedmuchoutsideitsnativegrowingarea.Thisismostlybecauseofitsroundshape.Butthereareotherreasonstoo.Peoplethink--orhavethementality--thatbambooisalowqualitybuildingmaterial.1、What
is
the
author
mainly
talking
about
in
the
passage?A.Make
bamboo
a
commonbuilding
material.B.Take
advantage
of
bamboo
in
our
everyday.C.Consider
bamboo
to
be
a
common
plant.D.Use
bamboo
to
replace
building
materials.2、What
is
the
purpose
of
what
Kent
Harries
and
his
students
did?A.To
prove
what
is
the
most
useful
plant.B.To
introduce
bamboo
to
the
developed
world.C.To
give
engineers
and
builders
some
advice.D.To
make
sure
of
the
strength
of
bamboo.3、What
does
Harries
think
of
bamboo
in
the
passage?A.Harries
sees
bamboo
as
a
great
building
material.B.Harries
thinks
bamboo
is
as
strong
as
steel.C.Harries
sees
bamboo
as
the
most
ideal
Plant.D.Harries
thinks
bamboo
has
the
reliable
shape.4、What
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage?A.Bamboo
Is
an
environmentally
friendly
building
material.B.Bamboo
material
will
go
to
the
market
in
the
soon
future.C.Hardwoods
are
much
more
popular
than
softwoods.D.Bamboo
grows
not
only
faster
but
takes
up
less
space.Text3Whenoldpeoplelivewithchildrenandotherrelativestherelationshipisnotalwaysahappyone.Evenoldparentsandadultchildrenwholiveseparatelycanhavedifficulties.Herethegenerationgapbecomesmostvisibleastheneedsandinterestsofthemiddle-agedandolddiverge.Somemiddle-agedchildrenaresoannoyedbythedemandsoftheirparentsthattheymakesuchcommentsas“Whydon’ttheoldfoolsdie?”Althoughsuchuglycommentsexist,asurveyconductedbytheAmericanAssociationofRetiredPersonsreflectsapositiveattitudebyAmericanpopulationtowardstheold.Thatsurveyshowedthat69%adultchildrenhaveweeklycontactwiththeirmothersand20%havedailycontactwiththeirmothers.Othersurveyshaveshownthat40%ofadultshaveface-tofacecontactwiththeirparentsonceaweek.The2014NationalSurveyofFamilyandHousehold(NSFH)showedthat78%ofadultsviewtheirrelationshipwiththeirmotherandfatherasexcellent.Only0.03%ofthosesurveyedviewedthatrelationshipas“bad”.Theremainderswereambivalentintheirperceptionoftheirparents.ThisfindingisconfirmedbymucholderstudiesofthesamephenomenonalsoconductedbytheNationalSurveyofFamiliesandHouseholds.Ofthosesurveyed,66%contactedtheirparentsonceaweekormoreandonly10%didnotcontacttheirparentsatall.Inpart,thisisaproductofthedistanceatwhichadultchildrenlivefromtheirparents.The2014surveyshowedthat67%ofadultchildrenlivewithin100milesoftheirparentsandthat38%livewithintenmilesoftheirparents.However,afull20%ofthosesurveyedlive1,000milesormoreawayfromtheirparents.1、Accordingtothepassage,therelationshipbetweenmostAmericanoldpeopleandtheiradultchildrenis______.A.terribleanddistant B.a(chǎn)nnoyinganddifficultC.greatandclose D.neithergoodnorbad2、Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“diverge”inparagraph1?A.differ B.meet C.exist D.transfer3、Fromthepassage,welearnthat______.A.generationgapbecomesinvisibleifoldparentsandadultchildrenliveseparatelyB.relationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenhasbecomemuchbetterthanbeforeC.someoldparentswouldratherdiebecausetheirchildrenareannoyedatthemD.livingfarawaymayleadtopeople’slessornocontactwiththeirparentsText4It'srarethatyouseethewords"shyness"and"leader"inthesamesentence.Afterall,thecommonviewpointisthatthoseoutgoingandsociableguysmakegreatpublicspeakersandexcellentnet-workersandthatthoseshypeoplearenot.AsurveyconductedbyUSATodayreferredto65percentofexecutiveswhobelievedshynesstobeabarriertoleadership.Interestingly,thesamearticlestressesthatroughly3percentofleadersactuallyarequiteshy—they'rejustbetteratadaptingthemselvestosituationaldemands.BillGates,WarrenBuffetandCharlesSchwabarejustafew"innies".Unliketheiroutgoingcounterpartswhoaremoresensitivetorewardsandrisk-taking,shypeopletakeacautiousapproachtochance.Ratherthantheflashychit-chatthatdefinessocialgathering,shypeoplelistenattentivelytowhatotherssayandabsorbitbeforetheyspeak.They'renotthinkingaboutwhattosaywhiletheotherpersonisstilltalking,butratherlisteningsotheycanlearnwhattosay.Alongthesamelines,shypeopleshareacommonloveoflearning.Theyareintrinsically(內(nèi)在地)motivatedandthereforeseekcontentregardlessofachievinganoutsidestandard.Beingshycanalsobringotherbenefits.Rememberbeinginschoolandhearingthesamekidscontribute,untilshylittleJohnny,whoalmostneversaidaword,cutin?Thenwhathappened?EveryoneturnedaroundtolookwithgreatrespectatlittleJohnnyactuallytalking.Thisishowshypeoplemadegooduseoftheirpowerofpresence:they"own"themomentbyspeakingcalmlyandpurposefully,whichtranslatetoapositiveimage.Shynessisoftenrelatedtomodesty.Nottosaythatlimelight-seekersaren'tmodest,butshypeopletendtohaveanaccuratesenseoftheirabilitiesandachievements.Asaresult,theyareabletoacknowledgemistakes,imperfections,knowledgegapsandlimitations.Sinceshypeoplehavealowersensitivitytooutsiderewardsthanoutgoingones,they'remorecomfortableworkingwithlittleinformationandstickingtotheirinnerdesires.Shypeoplearealsomorelikelytoinsistonfindingsolutionsthataren'tprimarilyapparent.Don'tbelieveme?Maybeyou'llbelieveAlbertEinstein,whooncesaid,"It'snotthatI'msosmart,it'sthatIstaywithproblemslonger."Obviously,findingcertaintywhereuncertaintyistypicallypopularisahugeplusforanysuccessfulperson.Themyththatshypeoplearelesseffectiveleadersthantheiroutgoingfellowsisjustamisunderstanding.Makewiseuseofyourpersonalitystrengthstoleadyourbusinessnomatterwhatsideoftherangeyoufallon.1、WecanlearnfromParagraph2that___________.A.shypeoplearesensitivetorewardsB.shypeoplecaremoreaboutcontentC.outgoingpeoplearemorecarefulaboutchancesD.outgoingpeopleconsiderwhattolearnwhilelistening2、TheexampleofJohnnyshows____________.A.shypeoplearelikelytobemodestB.hardworkingstudentsspeaklittleinpublicC.somestudentskeepsilentonpurposeatschoolD.shypeoplemayhaveanadvantageindiscussion3、WecanlearnfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph5that____________.A.successresultsfromdevotion B.shynesscontributestopopularityC.outsiderewardleadstoinsistence D.uncertaintycountsmorethancertainty4、Theauthorsupportshisideasmainlyby____________.A.givingdefinitionsandpresentingresearchresultsB.explainingproblemsandprovidingsolutionsC.quotingauthoritiesandmakingevaluationsD.makingcontrastsandgivingexamplesPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)VoyagesofpeoplefromEnglandplay1.importantpartinspreadingEnglish2.isfrequentlyspokenasanofficialorcommonlanguageinmanycountriesAllbasedonBritishEnglish,theEnglish3.(speak)inthosecountriescanbewellunderstoodbynativeEnglishspeakers4.(actual)theseEnglisheshavebeengraduallychanginginaccents,spellings,5.(express)andtheusagesofvocabularyBecause6.thisfact,youcanmakeuseofthedifferences7.(tell)whichcountrytheforeignersofyourblockarefromForexample,ifabossfluently8.(command)hisdriver,“Comeupstraighttomyapartmentbyelevatorandtakesomegasformytrucksandcabs”,insteadof9.(request),“Pleasecometomyflatbyliftandtakesomepetrolformylorriesandtaxis”,youcanrecognize10.(he)Americanidentity,whilethelattersuggeststhatheisBritishJohannStrausswasborninViennain1.Althoughhisfatherdidnotwanthimtobecomea2.(music),StraussJuniorstudiedtheviolin3.(secret)asachild,Whenhisfatherdiscoveredhissonpractisingonaviolinoneday,hegavehimabeating,4.(say)thathewasgoingtobeatthemusicoutoftheboyButthatdidn’tpreventtheboyfrombecomingoneofthe5.(great)composersofalltimeHewrotehisfirstwaltz(華爾茲)attheageofsixAtnineteen,hedecidedtodevote6.(he)tomusicHeformedhisownorchestraandmadeasuccessfultourofEuropeandsoonbecameknown7.theWaltzKingTheemperorofAustriawasso8.(please)withhismusicthatheappointedhimtheconductoratthecourtballsofViennaItwasfortheseoccasions9.hewrotesomeofhismostpopularwaltzes,among10.wasthewell-knownfavoriteTheBlueDanube(藍(lán)色多瑙河)inall,thetalentedJohannStrauss11.(write)morethan500masterpiecesSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Thereareseveraldifferenttypesoffiredepartments.Somehirefull-timepaidfirefightersandsomearerunentirelybyvolunteers.1、,afirefightermustgothroughstrictphysicalandacademictrainingtoensureastrongknowledgeoffiresafetyandthephysicalstrengthtohandlethetasksrequiredbymemberofafiredepartment.Joiningafiredepartmentrequiresthatbothphysicalandwrittentestsarepassedwithscoresshowingathoroughknowledgeoffiresafety.2、.Thefirststepinjoiningafiredepartmentasapaidfirefighteristosubmitanapplicationaswellasacquiretheappropriatetraining.Usuallyfirefightersmusthaveahighschooldiploma,andsomecompletetwo-or-four-yearprogramsinfirescienceatcommunitycollegesanduniversities.3、,andifacandidatealreadyhasconnectionsatafiredepartment,hemayapplyforapositionstraightoutofhighschool.Onceacandidateappliesandisacceptedfortrainingatafiredepartment,hemustthencompleteseveralweeksoftrainingatthedepartment’strainingcenter.4、.Whenthisisdone,thecandidateissenttoafirecompanyforaperiodofprobation(實(shí)習(xí)).Hehastocontinuetraininginthenewpositionwhilebeingdirectedbyexperiencedfirefighters.5、.Anapplicationmustbesubmittedtothevolunteerfiredepartment,theniftheapplicationisaccepted,thecandidatewilltakeatrainingprogramandthenberequiredtopassaphysicalandwrittentest.Firefightersmustalsobecomecertified(認(rèn)證)asEmergencyMedicalTechnicians(EMTs).ThelevelofEMTcertificationisdeterminedbytheindividualdepartments.A.AlthoughitisdemandingB.WhichevertypeisdesiredC.However,anacademicprogramisnotrequiredD.ForvolunteerfirefighterstheprocedureissimilarE.ButjoiningavolunteerfiredepartmentistotallydifferentF.TrainingconsistsofclassroomworkandpracticaltrainingG.Also,acandidatemustbeabletorespondquicklyinemergencies根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。CultureShockCultureshockreferstotheanxietyandfeelings(ofsurprise,uncertainty,confusion,etc.)feltwhenpeoplehavetooperatewithinadifferentandunknownculturalorsocialenvironment,suchasaforeigncountry.Gener
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