大學(xué)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解練習(xí)題及答案

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解練習(xí)題及答案Passage1ManypeoplewhoworkinLondonprefertoliveoutsideit,andtogointotheirofficesorschoolseverydaybytrain,carorbus,eventhoughthismeanstheyhavetogetupearlyinthemorningandreachhomelateintheevening.OneadvantageoflivingoutsideLondonisthathousesarecheaper.EvenasmallflatinLondonwithoutagardencostsquitealottorent.Withthesamemoney,onecangetalittlehouseinthecountrywithagardenofone’sown.Then,inthecountryonecanreallygetawayfromthenoiseandhurryofbusyworkinglives.Eventhoughonehastogetupearlierandspendmoretimeintrainsorbuses,onecansleepbetteratnightandduringweekendsandonsummerevenings,onecanenjoythefresh,cleanairofthecountry.Ifonelikesgarden,onecanspendone’sfreetimedigging,planting,wateringanddoingthehundredandoneotherjobswhichareneededinagarden.Then,whentheflowersandvegetablescomeup,onehasgottherewardtogetherwiththosewhohavesharedthesecretofNature.Somepeople,however,takenointerestincountrythings:forthem,happinessliesinthetown,withitscinemasandtheatres,beautifulshopsandbusystreets,dance-hallsandrestaurants.SuchpeoplewouldfeelthattheirlifewasnotworthlivingiftheyhadtoliveitoutsideLondon.Anoccasionalwalkinoneoftheparksandafortnight’s(twoweeks)visittotheseaeverysummerisallthecountrytheywant:theresttheyarequitepreparedtoleavetothosewhoaregladtogetawayfromLondoneverynight.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.PeoplewholoveNatureprefertoliveoutsidethecity.B.AllthepeoplewhoworkinLondonprefertoliveinthecountry.C.SomepeopleenjoyingcitylifeprefertoworkandliveinsideLondon.D.Manynaturelovers,thoughworkinginLondon,prefertoliveoutside.2.Withthesamemoneyneededfor________,onecanbuyalittlehousewithagardeninthecountry.A.gettingasmallflatwithagardenB.havingasmallflatwithagardenC.rentingasmallflatwithoutagardenD.buyingasmallflatwithoutagarden3.Whenthegardenisinblossom,theone________hasbeenrewarded.A.livinginthecountryB.havingspenttimeworkinginthegarden.C.havingagardenofhisown.D.havingbeendigging,plantingandwatering4.Peoplewhothinkhappinessliesinthecitylifewouldfeelthat________iftheyhadtoliveoutsideLondon.A.theirlifewasmeaninglessB.theirlifewasinvaluableC.theydidn’tdeserveahappylifeD.theywerenotworthyoftheirhappylife5.Theunderlinedphrase“getawayfrom”inthe3rdparagraphrefersto________.A.dealwithB.doawaywithC.escapefromD.preventfrom很多在倫敦工作的人喜歡住在倫敦郊外，然后每天乘火車(chē)、汽車(chē)和公交車(chē)去上班或上學(xué)。這也就意味著他們不得不早出晚歸。住在倫敦郊外的一個(gè)好處就是房子便宜。在倫敦即使是沒(méi)有花園的小公寓也需要一筆不菲的租金，用同樣的錢(qián)，你可以在郊區(qū)買(mǎi)一個(gè)帶花園的小房子了然后，他在鄉(xiāng)村就可以遠(yuǎn)離喧囂和忙碌的工作生活。即使他不得不起得更早，花更多的時(shí)間乘火車(chē)或公交車(chē)，但他晚上可以睡得更好。在周末和夏季的夜晚，他可以享受鄉(xiāng)村清新干凈的空氣。要是他喜歡花園，在花園里干一些想挖土、種植、澆水等許多園藝的活，那么當(dāng)鮮花和蔬菜生長(zhǎng)起來(lái)的時(shí)候，他就與其他分享大自然秘密的人們一樣得到獎(jiǎng)賞。然而有些人對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村并不感興趣。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，幸福就在市區(qū)里，那里有電影院、劇院、漂亮的商店、繁忙的街道、舞廳和飯店。如果不得不住在倫敦郊外的話，這些人就覺(jué)得生活沒(méi)意義了。（對(duì)于那些熱愛(ài)都市生活的人來(lái)說(shuō)）他們所需要的鄉(xiāng)村生活，就是偶爾去公園散步，每個(gè)夏天去海邊過(guò)上兩個(gè)星期，其他跟鄉(xiāng)村有關(guān)的東西，讓那些每天晚上都急于離開(kāi)倫敦的人們（住在郊外的人們）去享受吧?！敬鸢概c解析】本文介紹在倫敦工作的人對(duì)是在市里居住還是在鄉(xiāng)下居住所持的不同看法和態(tài)度。1.B。推斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容：雖然有很多喜歡鄉(xiāng)村生活，但文章最后講也有些人喜歡城市生活，從而可推知此題答案為B。2.C。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第2段第二、三句可推知此題答案為C。3.B。推斷題。根據(jù)文章第3段最后兩句可知：要是他喜歡花園，在花園里挖土、種植、澆水等等，那么當(dāng)鮮花和蔬菜生長(zhǎng)起來(lái)的時(shí)候，他就得到了與大自然分享秘密的獎(jiǎng)賞，所以選B。4.A。推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第2句SuchpeoplewouldfeelthattheirlifewasnotworthlivingiftheyhadtoliveitoutsideLondon可推知此題答案為A。5.C。推斷題。根據(jù)其上文：這些人偶爾去公園散散步后去海邊度兩周假；本句接著說(shuō)：其余的就留給那些每天晚上喜歡離開(kāi)倫敦的人，那么，“其余的”顯然指“其余的鄉(xiāng)村”。從而可推知題答案為C。Passage2Bydefinition,heroesandheroinesaremenandwomendistinguishedbyuncommoncourage,achievements,andself-sacrificemademostforthebenefitsofothers-theyarepeopleagainstwhomwemeasureothers.Theyaremenandwomenrecognizedforshapingournation’sconsciousnessanddevelopmentaswellasthelivesofthosewhoadmirethem.Yet,somepeoplesaythatoursisanagewheretrueheroesandheroinesarehardtocomeby,wheretheveryideaofheroismissomethingbeyondus-anartifactofthepast.Somemaintain,thatbecausetheColdWarisoverandbecauseAmericaisatpeace,ourageisessentiallyanunheroicone.Furthermore,theoverallcrimerateisdown,povertyhasbeeneasedbyastrongandgrowingeconomy,andadvancescontinuetobemadeinmedicalscience.Culturaliconsarehardtodefine,butweknowthemwhenweseethem.Theyarepeoplewhomanagetogobeyondcelebrity,whoarelegendary,whosomehowmanagetobecomemythic,.Butwhatmakessomefiguresiconsandothersmerecelebrities?That’shardtoanswer.Inpart,theirliveshavethequalityofastorytotell.Forinstance,thebeautifulyoungDianaSpencerwhoat19marriedaprince,renouncedmarriageandthethrone,anddiedatthemomentshefoundtruelove.Goodlookscertainlyhelp.Sodoesaspecialindefinablecharm,withthehelpofthemedia.Butnothingconfirmsaniconmorethanatragicdeath—suchasMartinLutherKing,Jr.,JohnF.Kennedy,andPrincessDiana.1.Thepassagemainlydealswith________.A.lifeanddeathB.heroesandheroinesC.heroesandiconsD.iconsandcelebrities2.Heroesandheroinesareusually________.A.courageousB.goodexamplestofollowC.self-sacrificingD.alloftheabove3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?A.PovertyinAmericahasbeeneasedwiththeeconomicgrowthB.SuperstarsarefamousforbeingfamousC.One’slookcancontributetobeingfamousD.Heroesandheroinescanonlyemergeinwartimes4.BeautifulyoungDianaSpencerfoundhergenuinelove________.A.whenshewas19B.whenshebecameaprincessC.justbeforeherdeathD.aftershegavebirthtoaprince5.Whatismorelikelytosetanicon’sstatus?A.Goodlooks.B.Tragicandearlydeath.C.Personalattraction.D.Thequalityofone’sstory.就定義而言，英雄之所以與眾不同是因?yàn)樗麄冇蟹欠驳挠職?、取得了卓著的成就、常常為他人的利益而做出犧牲——他們是我們?cè)u(píng)價(jià)別人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。他們是大家公認(rèn)的對(duì)我們國(guó)家意識(shí)的形成和我們國(guó)家的發(fā)展，還有對(duì)他們的崇拜者的一生起了重大作用的人?？墒?，有人說(shuō)，我們的時(shí)代是很難出現(xiàn)真正英雄的時(shí)代，英雄主義這一概念本身我們就難以理解——它已經(jīng)成為歷史。有些人堅(jiān)持說(shuō)，由于冷戰(zhàn)的結(jié)束和美國(guó)對(duì)外的和睦，我們的時(shí)代本質(zhì)上不是一個(gè)英勇豪壯的時(shí)代。更進(jìn)一步地說(shuō)，總體犯罪率正在降低，經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展與增長(zhǎng)已經(jīng)緩解了貧困，醫(yī)療科學(xué)也在不斷的進(jìn)步。給文化偶像下定義就更難了，但是我們看到他們就認(rèn)識(shí)了他們。他們超越了名流，成為傳奇式人物，甚至在某種程度上已是神話式的人物。但究竟是哪些因素使有些人成為偶像，另一些人僅成了名流呢？這就太難說(shuō)了。部分原因是他們的生平帶有傳奇故事的色彩。比如說(shuō)，年輕貌美的戴安娜·史賓塞，19歲時(shí)嫁給了王子，放棄了婚姻與王權(quán)，卻在找到真愛(ài)的那一刻死去了。漂亮的長(zhǎng)相當(dāng)然有用，另外，在媒體的炒作下某種難以描述的、特殊的個(gè)人魅力也起作用。然而悲劇性地過(guò)早離開(kāi)這個(gè)世界，卻是造成偶像最重要的因素——例如：小馬丁·路德·金、約翰·F·肯尼迪和戴安娜。Passage3Shynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeople.Shypeopleareanxiousandself-conscious;thatis,theyareexcessivelyconcernedwiththeirwonappearanceandactions.Worrisomethoughtsareconstantlyoccurringintheirminds:whatkindofimpressionamImaking？Dotheylikeme?DoIsoundstupid?AmIwearingunattractiveclothes?Itisobviousthatsuchuncomfortablefeelingsmustnegativelyaffectpeople.Aperson’sconceptionofhimselforherselfisreflectedinthewayheorshebehaves,andthewayapersonbehavesaffectsotherpeople’sreactions.Ingeneral,thewaypeoplethinkaboutthemselveshasaprofoundeffectonallareasoftheirlives.’Shypeople,havinglowself-esteem,arelikelytobepassiveandeasilyinfluencedbyothers.Theyneedreassurancethattheyaredoing“therightthing.”Shypeopleareverysensitivetocriticism;theyfeelitconfirmstheirfeelingsofinferiority.Theyalsofinditdifficulttobepleasedbycomplimentwithastatementlikethisone,“You’rejustsayingthattomakemefeelgood.Iknowit’snottrue.”Itisclearthatwhileself-awarenessisahealthyquality,overdoingitisharmful.Canshynessbecompletelyeliminated,oratleastreduced?Fortunately,peoplecanovercomeshynesswithdeterminedandpatienteffortsinbuildingself-confidence.Sinceshynessgoeshandinhandwithalackofself-esteem,itisimportantforpeopletoaccepttheirweaknessesaswellastheirstrengths.Eachoneofusisaunique,worthwhileindividual,interestedinourownpersonalways.Thebetterweunderstandourselves,theeasieritbecomestoliveuptoourfullpotential.Let’snotallowshynesstoblockourchancesforarichandfulfillinglife.1.Whatdoestheauthortrytoprovebyciting“whatkindofimpressionamImaking?”A.Shypeoplebenefitfromtheircaringabouttheirappearance.B.People’sshynessmadethemcaretoomuchabouttheirappearanceandactions.C.It’snaturalthatshypeopledon’tbelieveother’scompliments.D.Shypeoplethinktheyaredifferentfromothers.2.Accordingtothewriter,self-awarenessis________.A.agoodqualityB.thecauseofunhappinessC.harmfultopeopleD.aweakpointofshypeople3.Whenbeingpraised,shypeoplefeelthatitis________.A.goodB.unrealC.veryreasonableD.harmful4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.ShynesshelpsustodevelopourpotentialB.ShynessenablesustounderstandourselvesbetterC.ShynesscanblockourchancesforarichlifeD.Shynesshasnothingtodowithlackofself-esteem5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatshypeople________.A.shouldfindmoreoftheirweaknessB.shouldunderstandthemselvesintherightwayC.hadbetterignoretheirweaknessD.cangetridoftheirshynesswhilemaintaininglowself-esteem參考譯文：害羞是由于在眾人面前感覺(jué)不自在而引發(fā)的。害羞的人容易焦慮，自我意識(shí)強(qiáng)，他們過(guò)分在意自己的外表和行為。他們頭腦里常有這樣不安的想法：我給別人留下了怎樣的印象？別人喜歡我嗎？我是否聽(tīng)起來(lái)很蠢？我穿的衣服難看嗎？顯而易見(jiàn)，這些不適的感覺(jué)對(duì)人有負(fù)面影響。一個(gè)人的自我認(rèn)識(shí)體現(xiàn)在他/她的言行舉止上，這些行為影響著他人對(duì)此作出反映?？傮w來(lái)說(shuō)，人們對(duì)自身的看法深刻影響到他們生活的方方面面。害羞的人往往自信不足，常常被動(dòng)，易受他人影響。他們需要有相信自己的心態(tài)，認(rèn)識(shí)到自己所做的是正確的。害羞的人對(duì)批評(píng)意見(jiàn)比較敏感。他們感到自卑意識(shí)由此增強(qiáng)。害羞的人難以取悅。他們會(huì)說(shuō)這樣的話：“你說(shuō)那些是讓我高興，其實(shí)我知道我沒(méi)那么好?！憋@然，自我意識(shí)是一種良好的品質(zhì)，過(guò)份的自我意識(shí)就不好了。害羞能夠消除或至少減輕嗎？當(dāng)然。只要人們堅(jiān)定耐心地培養(yǎng)自信就可克服害羞。既然害羞源自缺乏自信，人們應(yīng)該在看到自己長(zhǎng)處的同時(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)自己的短處。每個(gè)人都是獨(dú)特的，有價(jià)值的個(gè)體，有自己的行為方式。我們對(duì)自己了解越多，我們就越能發(fā)揮自己的潛能。不要讓害羞妨礙我們享受豐富的人生。1.一段第—二句話提到“害羞的人很緊張和敏感，他們對(duì)于自己的外表和行為過(guò)分關(guān)心?！彼赃xB為正確答案。2．[答案]A。[解析]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句，可知自我意識(shí)是—種好的品質(zhì)，所以選A。選項(xiàng)C有干擾性，過(guò)度的自我意識(shí)是有害的，而不是說(shuō)自我意識(shí)是有害的。3．[答案]B。[解析]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段第五句。4.[答案]C。[解析]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)文中最后一句“我們不應(yīng)該讓害羞阻礙我們過(guò)豐富的有價(jià)值的生活?！笨芍_答案是C。5．[答案]B。[解析]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。第五段第二句話提到，“我們?cè)搅私庾约壕驮皆饺菀装l(fā)揮自己的潛質(zhì)?！笨梢酝茢喑鑫覀儜?yīng)該正確了解自己，所以選B。Passage4Whatmakesapersonascientist?Doeshehavewaysortoolsoflearningthataredifferentfromthoseofothers?Theansweris“no”.Itisnotthetoolsascientistusesbuthowheusesthesetoolsthatmakeshimascientist.Youwillprobablyagreethatknowinghowtouseapowerisimportanttoacarpenter.Youwillprobablyagree,too,thatknowinghowtoinvestigate,howtodiscoverinformation,isimportanttoeveryone.Thescientist,however,goesonestepfurther,hemustbesurethathehasareasonableanswertohisquestionsandthathisanswercanbeconfirmedbyotherpersons.Healsoworkstofittheanswershegetstomanyquestionsintoalargesetofideasabouthowtheworldworks.Thescientist’sknowledgemustbeexact.Thereisnoroomforhalfrightorrightjusthalfthetime.Hemustbeasnearlyrightastheconditionspermit.Whatworksunderonesetofconditionsatonetimemustworkunderthesameconditionsatothertimes.Iftheconditionsaredifferent,anychangesthescientistobservesinademonstrationmustbeexplainedbythechangesintheconditions.Thisisonereasonthatinvestigationsareimportantinscience.AlbertEinstein,whodevelopedthetheoryofrelativity,arrivedatthistheorythroughmathematics.Theaccuracyofhismathematicswaslatertestedthroughinvestigations.Einstein’sideaswereshowntobecorrect.Ascientistusesmanytoolsformeasurements.Thenthemeasurementsareusedtomakemathematicalcalculationsthatmaytesthisinvestigations.1.Whatmakesascientistaccordingtothepassage?A.Thetoolsheuses.B.Thewayheuseshistools.C.Hiswaysoflearning.D.Thevarioustoolsheuses.2.“Thescientist,however,goesonestepfurther…”.Theauthorsaysthistoshow________.A.theimportanceofinformationB.theimportanceofthinkingC.thedifferencebetweenscientistsandordinarypeopleD.thedifferencebetweencarpentersandpeoplewithotherjobs3.Asoundscientifictheoryshouldbeonethat________.A.worksnotonlyunderonesetofconditionsatonetime,butalsounderthesameconditionsatothertimesB.doesnotallowanychangesevenunderdifferentconditionsC.canbeusedformanypurposesD.leavenoroomforimprovement4.TheauthorquotesthecaseofAlbertEinsteintoillustrate________.A.themeasurementsarekeystosuccessinscienceB.thataccuracyofmathematicsC.thattheinvestigationsareimportantinscienceD.thatthemathematicalcalculationsmaytesthisinvestigations5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thetheoryofrelativity.B.Exactnessisthecoreofscience.C.Scientistsaredifferentfromordinarypeople.D.Exactnessandwaysofusingtoolsarethekeystothemakingofascientist.是什么使一個(gè)普通人成為科學(xué)家？他有與從不同的學(xué)習(xí)方法和工具嗎？答案是否定的。不是因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)家使用的工具，而是因?yàn)樗褂霉ぞ叩姆椒ㄊ顾蔀榭茖W(xué)家。你也許認(rèn)同怎么用力對(duì)一名木匠來(lái)說(shuō)很重要。你也許也認(rèn)同怎么研究調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)信息對(duì)每個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)都很重要。然而，科學(xué)家比這更進(jìn)一步，他必須確定他對(duì)自己的問(wèn)題得出了一個(gè)合理的答案，并且他的答案通過(guò)別人也可以得到證實(shí)。他同時(shí)把自己得出的許多答案歸結(jié)為一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的關(guān)于世界如何運(yùn)作的觀點(diǎn)?？茖W(xué)家的知識(shí)必須很確切。不能給半錯(cuò)半對(duì)或者只有一半機(jī)會(huì)對(duì)的情況留任何空間。他必須在條件允許的情況下盡可能正確。在一種條件下成功一次的話必須在同樣的條件下都能成功。如果條件不同，科學(xué)家在證明過(guò)程中觀察到的任何變化都必須解釋他的條件是如何變化的。這是關(guān)于調(diào)查研究在科學(xué)研究中十分重要的其中一個(gè)理由。愛(ài)因斯坦通過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)方法提出了相對(duì)論。他的數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)用的正確性被后人通過(guò)調(diào)查研究的方法證實(shí)該理論是正確的。一個(gè)科學(xué)家會(huì)用很多工具來(lái)測(cè)量。測(cè)量的結(jié)果用來(lái)進(jìn)行數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算，再進(jìn)行調(diào)查研究的測(cè)試。Acitymanwasonholidayinthemountains.Hetalkedwithamountainmanandfoundthatthemanwasstupid.Sohesuggestedtheyplayagame.“We'llaskeachotherquestions,”hesaid,“andthepersonwillpayadollarifhecan'tansweronequestion.”Themountainmanthoughtaboutthisforafewminutes,thensaidthatthecitymanpaidadollarandhepaidonly50cents.Thecitymanagreed.“Whathasthreelegsandcanfly?”askedthemountainman.Thecitymanthoughtawhile,thenanswered“Idon'tknow.Hereisyourdollar.”Thenheaskedthesamequestion:“Whathasthreelegsandcanfly?”“Idon'tknow,either,”saidthemountainman.“Hereisyour50cents.”1.Acitymanwasonholiday________.A.inafarawayplaceB.onthehighhillsC.inacityD.inavillage2.Thecitymanfoundthemountainmanwas________.A.notcleverB.onthehighhillsC.cleverD.strong3.Thecitymansaid,“We'll________.”A.fighteachotherB.helpeachotherC.askeachotherquestionsD.lookateachother4.Themountainman________.A.knewtheanswerhimselfB.didn'tknowtheanswerhimselfC.toldtheanswertothecitymanD.didn'twanttotellthecitymantheanswer5.Atlast________.A.thecitymangotonedollarB.thecitymangot50centsC.themountainmangotonedollarD.themountainmangot50centsLookattheinstructionsonthebottleofthemedicineandthenchoosetherightanswers.Johnistwelveyearsold.Hehadabadcoldandcougheddayandnight.Hewenttoseeadoctor.Thedoctorgavehimsomecoughmedicine.CoughMedicineShake(搖動(dòng))itwellbeforeuse.Takeitthreetimeseachdaybeforemeals.Dose(藥量):Age:over142teaspoonfuls(勺)8—131teaspoonful4—71／2teaspoonfulNotrightforchildrenbelowtheageofthree.Putitinacoldplace.UseitbeforeDecember1st2002.1.Johnshouldtake________aday.A.2teaspoonfulsB.3teaspoonfulsC.4teaspoonfulsD.1teaspoonful2.Themedicineshouldbekeptin________.A.afridgeB.hotwaterC.anyplaceD.thesun3.Johnshould________beforehetakesit.A.shakethemedicinewellB.eatnothingC.dosomeexerciseD.drinkacupoftea4.Whenpeopleare________yearsold,theycannottakethismedicine.A.eightyB.thirtyC.twoD.twelve5.Johnwill________themedicinewhenitisleftafter,2002.A.throwawayB.stoptotakeC.takeonceD.takesixtimesmore【答案與解析】約翰病了，咳嗽得很厲害。醫(yī)生給他開(kāi)了些藥?？人运幧险f(shuō)明書(shū)的內(nèi)容主要包括了藥品的服用方法、藥量、貯存條件以及保質(zhì)期等。1.B。根據(jù)“Johnistwelveyearsold.”和“8—131teaspoonful”可知B為正確答案。2.A?！癙utitinacoldplace.”是本題答案的依據(jù)。3.A。答案就在“Shake(搖動(dòng))itwellbeforeuse.”中。4.C。由“Notrightforchildrenbelowtheageofthree”這句話可知，此藥不適用于三歲以下的兒童。5.A。本說(shuō)明的最后一句說(shuō)的是此藥品的保質(zhì)期。答案顯然為A。InEngland,peopleoftentalkabouttheweatherbecausetheycanexperiencefourseasonsinoneday.Inthemorningtheweatheriswarmjustlikespring.Anhourlaterblackcloudscomeandthenitrainhard.Theweathergetsalittlecold.Inthelateafternoontheskywillbesunny,thesunwillbegintoshine,anditwillbesummeratthistimeofaday.InEngland,peoplecanalsohavesummer.Soinwintertheycanswimsometimes,andinsummersometimestheyshouldtakewarmclothes.WhenyougotoEngland,youwillseethatsomeEnglishpeopleusuallytakeanumbrellaoraraincoatwiththeminthesunnymorning,butyoushouldnotlaughatthem.Ifyoudon’ttakeanumbrellaoraraincoat,youwillregretlaterintheday.1.WhydopeopleinEnglandoftentalkabouttheweather?A.Becausetheymayhavefourseasonsinoneday.B.Becausetheyoftenhaveverygoodweather.C.Becausetheweatheriswarmjustlikeinspring.D.Becausetheskyissunnyallday.2.Fromthestoryweknowthat________comeandthenthereisaheavyrain.A.sunshineandsnowB.blackcloudsC.summerandwinterD.springandautumn3.“Peoplecanalsohavesummerinwinter”means“Itissometimes________inwinter.”A.warmB.coolC.coldD.rainy4.InthesunnymorningsomeEnglishpeopleusuallytakearaincoatoranumbrellawiththembecause________.A.theirfriendsaskthemtodoso.B.itoftenrainsinEnglandC.theyaregoingtosellthemD.theyaretheirfavoritethings5.Thebesttitleforthispassageis________.A.BadSeasonB.SummerorWinterC.TheWeatherinEnglandD.StrangeEnglishPeopleLong,longagotherewasnozero.Towritethenumbersixty-threepeoplewrote63.Towritesixhundredandthree,peoplewrote63.Thespacebetweensixandthreewastheretomean."notany"tens.Sometimespeopledidnotrememberthespace.Itwashardtoseeandread.Laterpeopleusedadottoholdthespace.Sixhundredandthreelookedlikethis.Butthedotwashardtosee.Sopeopleputacirclearounditlikethis6⊙3.Thenpeoplecouldseethedot.Theyrememberedthespace.Atlast,onlythecirclearoundthedotwasused.Itwaslikeazero.Thisisonestoryofhowthezerocametobeused.Nowzerohasmanyimportantuses.Zerotellshowmany.Canyoutellsomeotherwaysofusingzero?1.Long,longagopeopledidn’tknowhowto________.A.writeB.writezeroC.writenumbersD.writesixty-three2.Long,longagoiftheywrotetwohundred-eight,peoplewrote________.A.28B.28C.228D.2083.Later________wasusedtomeanspace.A."notany"B.letter"0"C.zeroD.adot4.Peopleusedcircles________.A.torememberwaysB.toremembernumbersC.nottoforgetthespaceD.tomeannothing5.Thestorytellsus________.A.howzerocametobeusedB.howtowritezeroC.what’stheuseofzeroD.thatzeromeansadot,acircleorspaceIoftendreamedaboutPisawhenIwasaboy.IreadaboutthefamousbuildingcalledtheLeaningTowerofPisa.ButwhenIreadthewordPisa,Iwasthinkingofpizza.Ithoughtthistowerwasaplacetobuypizza.Itmustbethebestplacetobuypizzaintheworld,Ithought.ManyyearslaterfinallysawtheLeaningTower.IknewthenthatiswasPisaandnopizza.Buttherewasstillsomethingspecialaboutitforme.Thetowergotitsnamebecauseitreallydoesleantooneside.Somepeoplewanttotrytofixit.Theyareafraiditmayfalloverandtheydon’tlikethatitleansoverthecity.Idonotthinkit’sagoodideatotrytofixit.Thetowerprobablywillnotfalldown,itis600yearsold.Whyshouldanythinghappentoitnow?And,ifyouaskme,Ilikewhatitlookslike.Tomeitisaveryhumankindofleaning.Nothingisperfect,itseemstosay.Andwhocares?Whydopeoplewantthingstobeperfect?Imperfectthingsmaybemoreinteresting.Let’stakethetowerinPisa.Whyisitsofamous?Therearemanyotherolder,morebeautifultowersinItaly.ButPisatoweristhemostfamous.Peoplecomefromallovertheworldtoseeit.1.Thispassageisabout________.A.ItalianpizzaB.Italy’sproblemsC.howtheLeaningTowerofPisagotitsnameD.whythewriterlikesPisa2.ThewriterusedtothinkPisa________.A.inSpainB.notveryfamousC.notthesameaspizzaD.thesameaspizza3.TheLeaningTowerofPisais________.A.modernB.fallingdownC.600yearsoldD.60yearsold-4.Thewriter_______.A.doesn’tlikewhatthetowerlookslikeB.likeswhatthetowerlookslikeC.thinksit’sthemostbeautifultowerinItalyD.doesn’tliketowers5.ThewriterlikestheLeaningTowerofPisabecause_______.A.it’soldB.it’sperfectC.itsellspizzaD.it’simperfect【答案與解析】這是關(guān)于比薩斜塔的一篇雜感。作者由兒時(shí)對(duì)比薩斜塔的曲解談起，說(shuō)到了自己對(duì)人們想要重新修正斜塔的看法。最后作者由此闡發(fā)感想：沒(méi)有什么東西是十全十美的。人們不應(yīng)當(dāng)事事追求完美。如比薩斜塔一樣，正因?yàn)樗牟煌昝?，才吸引了世界上眾多人的目光?.C。由作者所敘述的內(nèi)容，可知該塔之所以被叫做斜塔是因?yàn)樗莾A斜的。2.D。這層意思是作者對(duì)比薩斜塔的誤解，答案在“ButwhenIreadthewordPisa,Iwasthinkingofpizza”一句中。3.C。本題屬表層理解題?！癟hetowerprobablywillnotfalldown,itis600yearsold.”是答案的出處。4.B。答案即在“And,ifyouaskme,Ilikewhatitlookslike.”中。5.D。根據(jù)“Imperfectthingsmaybemoreinteresting.”及作者所流露出的對(duì)比薩斜塔的感情可以看出他認(rèn)為缺憾也是一種美。Ifyoudonotuseyourarmsoryourlegsforsometime,theywillbecomeweak,andwhenyoustartusingthemagain,theyslowlybecomestrongagain.Everybodyknowsthat.Yetmanypeopledonotseemtoknowthatmemoryworksinthesameway.Whensomeonesaysthathehasagoodmemory,hereallymeansthathekeepshismemoryinpracticebyusingit.Whensomeoneelsesaysthathismemoryispoor,hereallymeansthathedoesnotgiveitenoughchancetobecomestrong.Ifafriendsaysthathisarmsandlegsareweak,weknowthatitishisownfault.Butifhetellsusthathehasapoormemory,manyofusthinkthathisparentsmaybeblamed,andfewofusknowthatitisjusthisownfault.Haveyoueverfoundthatsomepeoplecan'treadorwritebutusuallytheyhavebettermemories?Thisisbecausetheycannotreadorwriteandwhentheyhavetorememberthings,theycannotwritethemdowninasmallnotebook.Asaresult,theyhavetorememberdays,names,songsandstories,sotheirmemoryisbeingexercisedthewholetime.Soifyouwanttohaveagoodmemory,learnfromthepeople:practicerememberingthingsinawayasotherpeopledo.1.Someonecan'thaveagoodmemoryif________.A.hecan'treadorwriteB.hisparentshaven'tagoodmemoryC.hedoesn'tmakegooduseofhismemoryD.hedoesn'tusehisarmsorlegsforsometime標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C2.Ifyoudonotuseyourarmsorlegsforsometime,________.A.theywillbecomethinB.theywillbecomeweakC.theybegintoachealloverD.youcan'tusethemanymore標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Yourmemoryneedschanceforpractice.B.Agoodmemoryisinheritedfromparents.C.Yourmemoryworksinthedifferentwaysasyourarmsorlegs.D.Don'tlearntoreadandwriteifyouwanttohaveagoodmemory.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A4.Fewpeopleknowthatifsomeonehasapoormemoryitis________.A.hisownfaultB.hisparents'faultC.histeachers'faultD.hisfriends'fault標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A5.Thewriterwantstotellus________.A.howtoreadandwritewellB.howtohaveagoodmemoryC.howtouseourarmsorlegsbetterD.howtolearnfromthepeoplewhocan'treadorwrite標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：BAforeigner'sfirstimpressionofthe.islikelytobethateveryoneisinarush-oftenunderpressure.Citypeoplealwaysappeartobehurryingtogetwheretheyaregoingrestlessly,seekingattentioninastore,andelbowingothersastheytrytocompletetheirerrands(任務(wù)).Racingthroughdaytimemealsispartofthepaceoflifeinthiscountry.Workingtimeisconsideredprecious.Othersinpubliceatingplacesarewaitingforyoutofinishsothattheytoocanbeservedandgetbacktoworkwithinthetimeallowed.Eachpersonhurriestomakeroomforthenextperson.Ifyoudon’t,waiterswillhurryyou.Youalsofinddriverswillbeabruptandpeoplewillpushpastyou.Youwillmisssmiles,briefconversations,andsmallcourtesieswithstrangers.Don'ttakeitpersonally.Thisisbecausepeoplevaluetimehighly,andtheyresentsomeoneelse"wasting"itbeyondacertaincourtesypoint.Theviewoftimeaffectstheimportanceweattachtopatience.IntheAmericansystemofvalues,patienceisnotahighpriority.Manyofushavewhatmightbecalled“ashortfuse.”Webegintomoverestlesslyaboutifwefeeltimeisslippingawaywithoutsomere-turnbethisintermsofpleasure,workvalue,orrest.Thosecomingfromlandswheretimeislookedupondifferentlymayfindthismatterofpacetobeoneoftheirmostdifficultadjustmentsinbothbusinessanddailylife.ManynewcomerstotheStateswillmisstheopeningcourtesyofabusinesscall,forexample,Theywillmisstheritualinteractionthatgoeswithawelcomingcupofteaorcoffeethatmaybeaconventionintheirowncountry.Theymaymissleisurelybusinesschatsinacaféorcoffeehouse.Normally,Americansdonotassesstheirvisitorsinsuchrelaxedsurroundingsoverprolongedsmalltalks.Weseekoutevidenceofpastperformanceratherthanevaluateabusinesscolleaguethroughsocialcourtesies.Sincewegenerallyassessandprobeprofessionallyratherthansocially,westarttalkingbusinessveryquickly.1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?A.Americansseemtobealwaysunderpressure.B.Americansattachlessimportancetopatience.C.Americansdon’tcaremuchaboutritualsocializing.D.Americansareimpolitetotheirbusinesscolleagues.2.Inthefourthparagraph,“ahighpriority”means________？A.alessimportantthingB.afirstconcernC.agoodbusinessD.anattractivegift3.Americansevaluateabusinesscolleague________.A.throughsocialcourtesyB.throughprolongedbusinesstalksC.byestablishingbusinessrelationsD.bylearningabouttheirpastperformance4.Thispassagemainlytalksabout________.A.howAmericanstreasuretheirtimeB.howbusyAmericansareeverydayC.howAmericansdobusinesswithforeignersD.whatAmericanwayoflifeislike5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthor’stoneinwritingis________.A.criticalB.ironicalC.appreciativeD.objective一個(gè)外國(guó)人對(duì)于美國(guó)的第一印象很有可能是每個(gè)人都在壓力下匆匆忙忙。城市里的人總是表現(xiàn)得匆匆忙忙不知疲倦的，為了盡快做完一件事情，他們會(huì)在店里拼命引起店員的注意或者用胳膊肘推搡別人。白天匆忙就餐也是這個(gè)國(guó)家生活節(jié)奏的一個(gè)部分。工作時(shí)間被認(rèn)為是很珍貴的。在一些公共飲食場(chǎng)所，其他人會(huì)等在你旁邊等你吃完，這樣大家都可以得到服務(wù)，并趕在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)回去工作。每個(gè)人都會(huì)盡快給下一個(gè)人騰出地方。如果你不這樣，侍者會(huì)催促你的。你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)司機(jī)也都很匆忙，人們從你身邊匆匆走過(guò)。你會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)一些微笑，簡(jiǎn)短的交談和一些與陌生人的小禮節(jié)。不要在意，這是因?yàn)樗麄兎浅Ｕ湎r(shí)間，而且他們認(rèn)為一旦太注重這些社交禮節(jié)就是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。對(duì)時(shí)間的觀念還會(huì)影響到我們對(duì)耐心的理解。在美國(guó)價(jià)值體系中，耐心并不是首要要考慮的。我們中的很多人被稱(chēng)為”短保險(xiǎn)絲”。如果我們覺(jué)得時(shí)間在毫無(wú)意義的溜走，既沒(méi)有娛樂(lè)價(jià)值，工作價(jià)值，也不在休息，那就會(huì)開(kāi)始不停地徘徊。那些來(lái)自時(shí)間觀念不同的國(guó)家的人發(fā)現(xiàn)他們?cè)谏虡I(yè)和日常生活中最困難的就是對(duì)時(shí)間節(jié)奏的適應(yīng)。許多剛到美國(guó)來(lái)的人都會(huì)想念他們?cè)谏虡I(yè)會(huì)談中一些開(kāi)場(chǎng)禮節(jié)。舉個(gè)例子，他們會(huì)想念因歡迎你到來(lái)而泡的一杯茶或咖啡這樣的社交禮儀，這在他們國(guó)家是常規(guī)禮儀。他們會(huì)想念在咖啡屋悠閑的會(huì)談。而通常，美國(guó)人不會(huì)與來(lái)訪者在這么悠閑的環(huán)境中進(jìn)行一些冗長(zhǎng)的小會(huì)談。對(duì)于同事，我們總是看他過(guò)去的表現(xiàn)而不是與他的社交禮儀。因?yàn)槲覀円话愣际歉⒅貙?zhuān)