湖南省岳陽市岳陽樓區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題【含答案解析】

2023年上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測試卷高一英語溫馨提示：本試卷分試題卷和答題卷兩部分，請將答案填（涂）在答題卷上，考試結(jié)束后只交答題卷。本試卷共8頁，23道題，滿分150分，考試用時120分鐘。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingforhelp.B.Makinganinvitation.C.Postponinganappointment.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inanoffice.C.Athome.3.Whatdoesthemanneedtobuy?A.Tabletennisbats.B.Tabletennisballs.C.Trainingshoes4.WhendoesJohnneedtoleaveschooltoday?A.At8:45am.B.At8:50am.C.At9:15am.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Findingajob.B.Choosingsomeflowers.C.Doingthegardening.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howdoesthemanlooktothewoman?A.Annoyed.B.Tired.C.Excited.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Haveacupoftea.B.Tourthetown.C.Changeapairofshoes.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wheredoesthewomanplantogofirst?A.Thezoo.B.Theartmuseum.C.Therestaurant.9.Howmuchdoesthewomanpayforthe24-hourbuspass?A.$2.B.$4.C.$8.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Neighbors.C.Fellowtravelers.聽第8段材料，回答第11至14題。11.Whatwasthewomanresponsiblefor?A.Directingfilms.B.Translatingforthedirector.C.Drivingactorshome.12.Whatdoesthewomansaywasadifficultjob?A.Correctingothers’faults.B.Workingwiththeactors.C.Filmingscenesmanytimes.13.WhatdidthewomanthinkofSpielberg?A.Hewaskind.B.Hewasserious.C.Hewasambitious（有野心的）.14.Whatdoweknowaboutthefilm?A.Itwasa3-hourfilm.B.Ittook2yearstofilmit.C.Itwasfilmedinblackandwhite.聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題。15.WhatsportdoesthemanlikedoinginLondon?A.Jumping.B.Running.C.Climbing16.Whatdidthemandobeforehegotmarried?A.Hewasaboxer.B.Hewasateacher.C.Hewasamartialartist.17.HowmanyathletesarethereinUrbanFreeFlownow?A.8.B.10.C.20.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisincludedinthehouse?A.Astoreroom.B.Aparkinglot.C.Anexerciseroom.19.Whatisthegardenidealforinsummeraccordingtothespeaker?A.Keepingpets.B.Havingparties.C.Enjoyingmeals.20.Whatisthebestwaytogettotheskiingarea?A.Onfoot.B.Bycar.C.Bybike.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ABestappstolearnhowtoplayguitarTrueFireTrueFireisavideolessonplatformwithalotofbig-nameteachers.Coursesrangefromtheintroductionofwholetypestodeep-divesintospecifictheoryconcepts.Formostcourses,there’remultiplecameraanglesofferingclose-upsoftheleftandrighthands.Becauseofthispresentingstyle,however,thingscangetcrowdedonthemobileapp—it’sdefinitelyaplatformthatworksbetteronadesktop.Coursescanbepurchasedindividually,butthis’llbeexpensiveifyou’replanningonbuyingmorethanacouple.GrabbinganAllAccesssubscriptionwillinsteadgiveyouunlimitedstreamsofTrueFire’sentirelist.Price:Eitherper-course,or$29/monthor$249/yearTheGibsonAppGibson’snewsmartphoneappisaimedatguitaristsofalllevels.Essentially,thisisasystemthatrespondstoyouasyouplayalongtolessonsandexercises,makingtheexperiencefeellikeaninteractivelesson.Whatweespeciallylikeabouttheappishowplayersgetafreeone-on-onevideoguidancewithaprofessionalGibsonguitartech.Price:$14.99amonthor$89.99ayearYousicianYousicianisdesignedforbothbeginnersandintermediateplayers.Suitableforguitar,bassandevenukulele,theappoffersstep-by-stepvideotutorials,plustheabilitytoprovideinstantfeedbackonyourperformance.Theappisfreetodownloadbutitdoesrequireasubscriptionforunlimitedanduninterruptedplaytimeacrossallplatforms.Price:Free(subscriptionserviceofferedstartingat$19.99permonth)BandLabBandLabistheperfectDAW(DigitalAudioWorkstation)forcooperation.Youcanuploadtrackstothecloud-basedworkstationtofurtheryourmusicwithover100guitarandbasspresets.Notinthemoodtowrite?Thendiscoverandstreammillionsoftracksmadebyemergingandestablishedartiststostimulateyourcreativity.It’salsototallyfree,withnopaywallsorsubscriptions.Price:Free1.Whatissuggestedforthefirstapp?A.Usingitonadesktop. B.Selectingyourfavoriteteacher.C.Buyingthecoursesindividually. D.Startingwithspecifictheoryconcepts.2.WhatdoTheGibsonAppandYousicianhaveincommon?A.Neitherofthemcanbedownloadedforfree.B.Neitherofthemissuitableforbeginners.C.Theybothprovidepaidvideotutorials.D.Theybothprovidereal-timefeedback.3.Whichappcanbeusedtotallyfree?A.TrueFire B.BandLab C.Yousician D.TheGibsonApp【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個在線學(xué)習(xí)吉他的應(yīng)用程序。【詳解】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TrueFire部分中的”Becauseofthispresentingstyle,however,thingscangetcrowdedonthemobileapp—it’sdefinitelyaplatformthatworksbetteronadesktop”（然而，由于這種呈現(xiàn)風(fēng)格，移動應(yīng)用程序上的東西可能會變得擁擠——這絕對是一個在桌面上運(yùn)行得更好的平臺。）可知，該課程利用多鏡頭，從多角度對左手和右手進(jìn)行了特寫，在移動設(shè)備上觀看的話，畫面會顯得很擁擠。因此，作者建議用戶在臺式電腦上使用該應(yīng)用程序。故選A。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheGibsonApp中的“thisisasystemthatrespondstoyouasyouplayalongtolessonsandexercises,makingtheexperiencefeellikeaninteractivelesson”（這是一個系統(tǒng)，當(dāng)你跟著課程和練習(xí)一起玩的時候，它會對你做出反應(yīng)，讓你的體驗(yàn)感覺像是一個互動的課程。）和Yousician中的“plustheabilitytoprovideinstantfeedbackonyourperformance”（以及對你的表現(xiàn)提供即時反饋的能力。）可知，這兩個應(yīng)用程序都會實(shí)時對用戶的學(xué)習(xí)情況進(jìn)行反饋。故選D。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BandLab部分中的“It’salsototallyfree,withnopaywallsorsubscriptions”（它也是完全免費(fèi)的，沒有付費(fèi)墻和訂閱。）和“Price:Free”（價格：免費(fèi)）可知，BandLab是一個完全免費(fèi)的應(yīng)用程序。故選B。BJimSavagewassettingoutforaday’sfishingofftheFloridacoastwhenheheardthecriesofababydolphinintrouble.Thethree-month-oldhadgothertailcaughtintheropesofanabandonedcrabtrap.Jimknewthatifhelefther,thedolphinwouldhavelittlechanceofsurvival.Hecutherfreeandgotincontactwiththeauthorities.ShewastakentoClearwaterMarineAquarium,butherinjuriesweresoseverethatshelosthertail.TheaquariumstaffnamedthebabydolphinWinterandshegraduallylearnedhowtoswimagain.Unfortunately,becauseofthewayshewasmovinginthewaterwithouthertail,shewasindangerofdevelopingaproblemwithherspine(脊椎).KevinCarrollandDanStrzempka,whoranacompanymakingartificiallimbs,heardabouttheproblemandhadabrilliantidea.KevinandDantoldthestaffattheaquariumthattheywouldmakeanartificial(人造的)tailforWinter!TherewerealotofchallengesthatKevinandDanhadtodealwithalongtheway,liketryingtofitanartificialtailonaplayfulyoungdolphinthatdoesn’twanttostaystill!Ittookoverfiftyprototypes(模型)andayearandahalfbeforeWinterfinallygothernew30-inchtail.Afterseeingherswimwithitforthefirsttime,Kevinsaidthatthemonthsofhardworkhadbeentrulyworthit.Makingthetailwasonlyhalfthestory,though.ForWintertobeabletoswimproperly,theartificialtailneededtobeheldinplacewithoutdamagingherskin.Specialistscameupwithasoftmaterialthatfirmlyholdstheskinanddoesn’thurt.DesignedespeciallyforWinter,thismaterialwassosuccessfulthat“WintersGel”isnowbeingusedtomakeartificiallimbsmorecomfortableforpeoplewithfalsearmsandlegsallaroundtheworld.In2011thetale(故事)wasmadeintoafilm,“DolphinTale”,starringWinterherself.It’saboutadolphinthatwouldhavedied,butsurvivedbecauseafewpeoplecared.4.WhatdoweknowaboutJim?AHeworkedatanaquarium. B.Hefreedadolphinfromatrap.C.Heinjuredadolphinaccidentally. D.Hekeptababydolphinforthreemonths.5.WhatdidKevinandDandecidetodoaccordingtoparagraph2?A.TeachWintertoswim. B.Setupabranchcompany.C.HelpstraightenWinter’sspine. D.Makeaman-madetailforWinter.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeKevinandDan’sworkinparagraph3?A.Dangerous. B.Imaginative. C.Interesting. D.Difficult.7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Ataleofatail. B.Alessonfromadolphin.C.Animportantsurvivalskill. D.Achanceencounterwithadolphin.【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了人們救助一條小海豚，并最終為海豚安上一條人造尾巴的故事。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“JimSavagewassettingoutforaday’sfishingofftheFloridacoastwhenheheardthecriesofababydolphinintrouble.Thethree-month-oldhadgothertailcaughtintheropesofanabandonedcrabtrap.Jimknewthatifhelefther,thedolphinwouldhavelittlechanceofsurvival.Hecutherfreeandgotincontactwiththeauthorities.(JimSavage在佛羅里達(dá)海岸出海捕魚時，聽到了一只小海豚陷入困境的哭聲。這個三個月大的小海豚的尾巴被一個廢棄的捕蟹器的繩子纏住了。吉姆知道，如果他離開她，這只海豚幾乎沒有生存的機(jī)會。他割斷了她的繩子，并與當(dāng)局取得了聯(lián)系。)”可知，他把一只海豚從捕蟹器中救了出來。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“KevinandDantoldthestaffattheaquariumthattheywouldmakeanartificial(人造的)tailforWinter!(Kevin和Dan告訴水族館的工作人員，他們將為Winter做一條人造尾巴！)”可知，Kevin和Dan決定為Winter做一條人造尾巴。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“TherewerealotofchallengesthatKevinandDanhadtodealwithalongtheway,liketryingtofitanartificialtailonaplayfulyoungdolphinthatdoesn’twanttostaystill!Ittookoverfiftyprototypes(模型)andayearandahalfbeforeWinterfinallygothernew30-inchtail.Afterseeingherswimwithitforthefirsttime,Kevinsaidthatthemonthsofhardworkhadbeentrulyworthit.(Kevin和Dan一路上遇到了很多挑戰(zhàn)，比如給一只頑皮的小海豚裝上一條人造尾巴，它不想靜止不動！在Winter最終得到30英寸的新尾巴之前，我們花了一年半的時間做了50多個模型。在第一次看到她帶著它游泳后，凱文說這幾個月的努力是值得的。)”可知，在Kevin和Dan為Winter做人造尾巴的過程中遇到許多挑戰(zhàn)，花了一年半的時間做了50多個模型后才成功；由此可知，Kevin和Dan的工作很難。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第四段中“Makingthetailwasonlyhalfthestory,though.ForWintertobeabletoswimproperly,theartificialtailneededtobeheldinplacewithoutdamagingherskin.Specialistscameupwithasoftmaterialthatfirmlyholdstheskinanddoesn’thurt.(不過，制造尾巴只是故事的一半。為了讓溫特能夠正常游泳，人工尾巴需要固定到位，同時不損害她的皮膚。專家們想出了一種柔軟的材料，它能牢牢地抓住皮膚，不會受傷。)”可知，文章主要講述了人們救助一條小海豚，并最終為海豚安上一條人造尾巴的故事。選項(xiàng)A“Ataleofatail.(一個關(guān)于尾巴的故事)”能夠概括文章主旨，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。CChatGPTanewchatbotmodeldevelopedbyUS-basedAIresearchlaboratoryOpenAI,hasquicklybecomeahitgloballyduetoitsadvancedconversationalcapabilities,Itcanwriteemails,computercodes,evenacademicpapersandpoems,andhaspassedanumberoftestswithinseconds.AcademiciansworldwidearediscussingwhetherAIshouldbeusedineducation.Someuniversitieshavebannedit.TheNewYorkCity’sDepartmentofEducation,forexample,bannedthechatbotfromitspublicschooldevicesandnetworks,withsomepeoplewarningthatitcouldencouragemorestudentstocheat,especiallyinexams.Manymorewelcomethisapp,claimingthat,likemosttechnologicaladvancesandgroundbreakinginnovationsinhistory,ChatGPTisapowerfultoolforthedevelopmentofhighereducation.EmbracingAIasearlyaspossibleisadvisable.HighereducationinstitutionsshouldmakepreparationsforincludingAIintheirsyllabus(教學(xué)大綱).Theycanstartbyofferingrelatedcourses,becausebyunderstandinghowitworks,theycanmakebetteruseofit.Besides,studentswithgoodknowledgeofAIaremorecompetitivewhenitcomestogettingagoodjob,asanincreasingnumberofjobsarebeingdonebycomputerprogrammes-someincooperationwithhumans,AI-powerededucationtechnologiescanbeadoptedtomakethelearningexperiencemoresuitableforeachstudentbasedonhisorherstrengthsandweaknesses.Asforprofessors,AIcanfreethemfromdoingsomedulltaskssotheycanconcentrateonteachingandinteractingwithstudents.SincewecannotavoidChatGPTandotherAI-poweredapplicationsfromenteringthefieldofhighereducation,weshouldmakecollectiveeffortstoensuretheyhaveapositiveimpactonsocietyandthefutureofeducationDespiteAIhelpingmakelearningmuchmoreinterestingandenjoyable,humansneedtoworkveryhardtowintheracewithtechnology.8.WhydosomehighereducationinstitutionsforbidChatGPT?A.ChatGPTcanwriteemailsandcomputercodesquickly.B.Someprofessorsmightnotperformtheirdutiesproperly.C.Studentswouldhaveconversationswitheachotherviait.D.Studentsmightseekhelpfromitincompletingtheexams.9.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsAIapplicationsineducation?A.Fearful. B.Disapproving. C.Supportive. D.Uncertain.10.HowcanAIbenefitstudentsofhighereducation?A.Itoffersstudentsanincreasingnumberofjobs.B.Itpersonalizesstudents’learningexperience.C.Itequipsstudentswithcompetitiveskillstocooperatewithhumans.D.Ithandlesuninterestingtaskssostudentscanbetterfocusonlearning.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.WeshouldguardagainstAIapps.B.AIwillbemorewidelyusedineducation.C.ThefutureofeducationreliesonAIapps.D.Humanswillbeleftbehindbytechnology.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹的是人們就ChatGPT是否應(yīng)該應(yīng)用于教育之中進(jìn)行討論，作者認(rèn)為人類應(yīng)該與時俱進(jìn)，確保人工智能發(fā)揮積極作用?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“TheNewYorkCity’sDepartmentofEducation,forexample,bannedthechatbotfromitspublicschooldevicesandnetworks,withsomepeoplewarningthatitcouldencouragemorestudentstocheat,especiallyinexams.(例如，紐約市教育部禁止該聊天機(jī)器人進(jìn)入其公立學(xué)校的設(shè)備和網(wǎng)絡(luò)，一些人警告說，這可能會鼓勵更多學(xué)生作弊，尤其是在考試中)”可知，該一些高等教育機(jī)構(gòu)禁止ChatGPT，因?yàn)閷W(xué)生可能會在考試中尋求幫助。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“EmbracingAIasearlyaspossibleisadvisable.(建議盡早擁抱人工智能)”和最后一段中的“SincewecannotavoidChatGPTandotherAI-poweredapplicationsfromenteringthefieldofhighereducation,weshouldmakecollectiveeffortstoensuretheyhaveapositiveimpactonsocietyandthefutureofeducation.(既然我們無法避免ChatGPT和其他人工智能應(yīng)用進(jìn)入高等教育領(lǐng)域，我們應(yīng)該共同努力，確保它們對社會和教育的未來產(chǎn)生積極影響)”可推知，作者支持人工智能在高校教育中的運(yùn)用。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“AI-powerededucationtechnologiescanbeadoptedtomakethelearningexperiencemoresuitableforeachstudentbasedonhisorherstrengthsandweaknesses.(可以采用人工智能教育技術(shù)，根據(jù)每個學(xué)生的優(yōu)勢和劣勢，使學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)更適合每個學(xué)生)”可知，人工智能能夠根據(jù)學(xué)生個人情況定制學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“SincewecannotavoidChatGPTandotherAI-poweredapplicationsfromenteringthefieldofhighereducation,weshouldmakecollectiveeffortstoensuretheyhaveapositiveimpactonsocietyandthefutureofeducation.DespiteAIhelpingmakelearningmuchmoreinterestingandenjoyable,humansneedtoworkveryhardtowintheracewithtechnology.(既然我們無法避免ChatGPT和其他人工智能應(yīng)用進(jìn)入高等教育領(lǐng)域，我們應(yīng)該共同努力，確保它們對社會和教育的未來產(chǎn)生積極影響。盡管人工智能有助于使學(xué)習(xí)變得更有趣、更愉快，但人類需要非常努力地工作才能贏得與技術(shù)的競爭)”可推知，我們不能避免人工智能進(jìn)入高校教育，要與時俱進(jìn)，確保人工智能發(fā)揮積極作用。故選B項(xiàng)。DNaturalDisastersRequireSpecialBuildingDesignNaturaldisastershappeneverywhereintheworld.Manycausepropertydamageandlossoflife.Butresearcherssaytheseverity(嚴(yán)重性)oftheireffectscanbereducedifpeopletakestepstoprepare.Anewexhibitteacheswhatgovernmentsandindividualscandotolessentheeffects.ChrysantheBroikosorganizedtheexhibitattheNationalBuildingMuseum.Shesayslargebuildingsandotherstructurescansurvivestrongearthquakesiftheyarebuiltwithsomelevelofflexibility.Inotherwords,theyneedtobeabletobendandmoveastheearthshakes.“Weneedtoletbuildingsmoveandwecanactuallyunderstandwheretheymightfail,andthengoinanddesignbuildingswiththatinmind.”O(jiān)nebuildingdesigniscalleda“specialmomentframe”.Itenablesmovementatpointswherelargeload-bearingsupportsjoineachother.Rubber-basedfoundationblocksletbuildingsmove,whilehugeshockabsorbers(緩沖器)helptolimittheshaking.Themuseumexhibithasamodelofawindwall.Themodelshowshowsomeroofsortopsofbuildingsaremorelikelytobedestroyedthanothersbecauseofthestrongwindsofhurricanes.ChrysantheBroikossaystestsshowthatareasonableangledroofisbestabletowithstandwindstorms.Inareaswithpowerfulwinds,researchershavestronglyurgedthecreationofatleastone“saferoom”.Thisisaplacewherebuildingoccupantscanspendthemostdangerouspartofthestorm.Anotherconcernishowtodealwithstormsandflooding.SomecoastalcommunitiesintheU.S.havemadeartificialreefsfromoysters(牡蠣)shellsinsteadofrocks.Thebuildersuseshellscollectedfromrestaurantstocreatethebarriers.ChrysantheBroikosalsosuggestssettingasidelandalongthecoastforparksinsteadofhousing.Shesaysthisismorenaturalandkeepsvaluablepropertyawayfromdanger.Asforforestfires,researchersnowsuggestclearinganareaabout60meterswidearoundasingle-familyhouse.“Whatthatmeansistryingtokeepthatareafreeofmaterialthateasilyburns.”12.WhatdoesChrysantheBroikosthinkaboutthebuildingsthatcansurvivestrongearthquakes?A.Theyshouldbefixedenough. B.Theirheightneedstobereasonable.C.Theirlocationisthemostimportant. D.Theyaremobileandbendable.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inthethirdparagraphrefer?A.Lesseningtheeffects. B.Wheretheymightfail.C.Designingbuildings. D.Specialmomentframe.14.Whichofthefollowingbelongstothemeasurestodealwithstormsandflooding?A.Don’tbuildhousesalongthecoast.B.Setasidelandforparkingcars.C.Makeartificialreefsfromrocks.D.Raiseoystersinlargenumber.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Differenttypesofnaturaldisasters.B.Preparationsfornaturaldisasters.C.Reactionstonaturaldisasters.D.Effectsofnaturaldisasters.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了如果人們做好準(zhǔn)備，可以降低自然災(zāi)害影響的嚴(yán)重程度?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Shesayslargebuildingsandotherstructurescansurvivestrongearthquakesiftheyarebuiltwithsomelevelofflexibility.Inotherwords,theyneedtobeabletobendandmoveastheearthshakes.(她說，大型建筑和其他結(jié)構(gòu)如果在建造時具有一定程度的靈活性，就可以在強(qiáng)震中幸存下來。換句話說，它們需要能夠在地震時彎曲和移動)”可知，ChrysantheBroikos認(rèn)為可移動和可彎曲的建筑能在強(qiáng)震中幸存下來。故選D項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】詞句猜測題。分析劃線單詞，可知是代詞，代指前文提到的人或事，根據(jù)第三段“Weneedtoletbuildingsmoveandwecanactuallyunderstandwheretheymightfail,andthengoinanddesignbuildingswiththatinmind.(我們需要讓建筑移動，這樣我們才能真正了解它們可能會在哪里倒塌，然后在設(shè)計(jì)建筑時考慮到這一點(diǎn))”可知，that代指的是“它們可能會在哪里倒塌”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Anotherconcernishowtodealwithstormsandflooding.SomecoastalcommunitiesintheU.S.havemadeartificialreefsfromoystersshellsinsteadofrocks.Thebuildersuseshellscollectedfromrestaurantstocreatethebarriers.ChrysantheBroikosalsosuggestssettingasidelandalongthecoastforparksinsteadofhousing.(另一個問題是如何應(yīng)對風(fēng)暴和洪水。美國的一些沿海社區(qū)用牡蠣殼代替巖石制作了人工珊瑚礁。建造者使用從餐館收集的貝殼來建造屏障。ChrysantheBroikos還建議將沿海的土地留作公園而不是住宅)”可知，ChrysantheBroikos建議不要沿著海岸建房子。故選A項(xiàng)。15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Naturaldisastershappeneverywhereintheworld.Manycausepropertydamageandlossoflife.Butresearcherssaytheseverityoftheireffectscanbereducedifpeopletakestepstoprepare.(自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生在世界各地。許多事故造成財產(chǎn)損失和生命損失。但研究人員表示，如果人們做好準(zhǔn)備，其影響的嚴(yán)重程度可以降低)”可知，這篇文章主要講的是為自然災(zāi)害作準(zhǔn)備。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分。共12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoStopLifeGettingYouDownThere’sasaying—“Ifyouandeveryoneelsethrewyourproblemsontothepile,you’dtakeyoursbackimmediatelyonceyousaweveryoneelse’s”.____16____Othersareprobablydealingwiththeirownproblemsjustlikeyou.Sowhenthingsstarttogetyoudown,howcanyoupickyourselfbackup?____17____Ifyou’restrugglingorfeelingdown,alwaysrememberthatyoudon’thavetobealone.Youdon’tneedtobeonyourown,either.____18____Ifyoudon’tfeelabletotalktoyourparentsoryoursisters,you’llfindsupportgroupsthatcanprovideyouwithideasoratleastlistentoyou.You’llalsofindthatsocialmediasitescanprovideopportunitiestoconnectandaskforhelp.Tryoutanewhobby.Hobbiesdon’tjustfilltime;theyalsohelptogiveyouasenseofpurpose.Tryoutanewsport,learntodanceorperhapsjoinachessclub.Manyhobbiesalsoprovideopportunitiesforsocialinteraction.____19____Appreciatelittlethings.Thosethathavebouncedbackfromaseriousillnessoftenstatethatthey’vebeengivenanewchanceoflifeandthattheywakeeachmorninggratefuljusttobewakingup.____20____Gooutfordinnerandmakeeffortstotrulyappreciateyourmealorliebackonyourbed,surroundedbytotalsilence,andsimplyfocusonhowitfeelstobreatheandtorelax.Ifyoucan’tfocusonthesilence,youcaninsteadchoosebackgroundnoise.A.Reachout.B.Turntoyourfamily.C.Friendswillbewillingtohelpyou.D.Badexperiencesarepartoflifeforusall.E.Gettingridofourbademotiontakesalotoftime.F.Makingnewfriendsandtalkingwiththemwillraiseyourspirits.G.Anewattitudetoordinarylifecanmakeyoufeelmorepositive.【答案】16.D17.A18.B19.F20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了當(dāng)事情開始讓人沮喪時，能讓自己振作起來的方法和建議：尋求幫助，開展一個新的愛好，欣賞或感恩小事情?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“There’sasaying—‘Ifyouandeveryoneelsethrewyourproblemsontothepile,you’dtakeyoursbackimmediatelyonceyousaweveryoneelse’s’.(有句話是這樣說的：“如果你和其他人都把自己的問題扔到垃圾堆里，那么一旦看到其他人的問題，你就會立即把自己的問題拿回來。”)”用諺語提出了一個現(xiàn)象，即，每個人都會遭遇不愉快的事情，因此可推知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)用平實(shí)的語言再次提出這個現(xiàn)象，以使讀者更加明白文章要討論的核心話題。選項(xiàng)D“Badexperiencesarepartoflifeforusall.(糟糕的經(jīng)歷是我們生活的一部分)”再次總結(jié)了這一現(xiàn)象，符合分析。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】分析全文的行文結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處是本段的主旨句。根據(jù)后文“Ifyoudon’tfeelabletotalktoyourparentsoryoursisters,you’llfindsupportgroupsthatcanprovideyouwithideasoratleastlistentoyou.You’llalsofindthatsocialmediasitescanprovideopportunitiestoconnectandaskforhelp.(如果你覺得無法與父母或姐妹交談，你會找到支持小組，他們可以為你提供想法，或至少傾聽你的想法。你還會發(fā)現(xiàn)社交媒體網(wǎng)站可以提供聯(lián)系和尋求幫助的機(jī)會)”可知，該段強(qiáng)調(diào)的核心是“尋求幫助”，A項(xiàng)“Reachout.(提供援助。)”全面概括了這一段的內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)空后的“Ifyoudon’tfeelabletotalktoyourparentsoryoursisters,you’llfindsupportgroupsthatcanprovideyouwithideasoratleastlistentoyou.(如果你覺得無法與父母或姐妹交談，你會找到支持小組，他們可以為你提供想法，或至少傾聽你的想法)”可知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)提及“向家人求助”。B項(xiàng)“Turntoyourfamily.(向家人求助)”符合分析。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文中提到“Manyhobbiesalsoprovideopportunitiesforsocialinteraction.(許多愛好也為社會交往提供了機(jī)會)”可推知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)緊跟其后進(jìn)一步講述社交帶來的好處。F項(xiàng)“Makingnewfriendsandtalkingwiththemwillraiseyourspirits.(結(jié)交新朋友并與他們交談會提高你的精神)”與之呼應(yīng)，講到社交活動可以幫我們與人交流和結(jié)識新朋友。故選F項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】空前“Thosethathavebouncedbackfromaseriousillnessoftenstatethatthey’vebeengivenanewchanceoflifeandthattheywakeeachmorninggratefuljusttobewakingup.(那些從嚴(yán)重疾病中恢復(fù)健康的人通常會說，他們獲得了新的生命，每天懷著一顆感恩的心醒來)”提到了“每天懷著一顆感恩的心醒來”，這是一種態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變，因此可推知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)講述態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變帶來的好處。G項(xiàng)“Anewattitudetoordinarylifecanmakeyoufeelmorepositive.(用一種全新的態(tài)度對待平凡的生活能夠讓你感覺更加積極向上)”符合推斷。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。I’dspentmostofhighschoolstrugglingwithchronic(慢性的)illness.Foralmostthreeyears,Ibouncedbetweenhometutoringandshort-livedreturnstoschool.“Idon’twanttobeinthisbodyanymore,”Itoldmymom.OnenightMomcamehomewithayellow____21____andplaceditinmyhands.Onthefrontwasapoementitled“Don’tQuit.”“Iwantyouto____22____this,”saidMom.Thepoemwasfullof___23___wordsaboutovercomingchallengesanditwas____24____forme.Aftereachandeverystanza(詩節(jié))therefrain(疊句)almost____25____tome,“Don’tQuit.”SlowlyoverthenextfewdaysIbegantowriteinsidethatjournal.____26____hadbeenmypassionandsomehowMom____27____thecomfortI’dfindthroughmyownwords.InthepassingweekspoemsbegantoformbetweenthelinedpagesandIbeganto____28____thepain.InthedaysbeforetheInternet,____29____cameinthe______30______ofpenpals,namelyotherteenagerssufferingfromchronicillness.Imadealotoffriendswho______31______me.Ibegancompiling(編纂)thepoemswe______32______.Then,itbecamealiterarynewsletter(簡報).Bytheyear’senditwasbeingsentouttoadozenkidsjustlikemeacrossthecountry.Ibecame______33______becauseofthatnewsletter.Iwasnota______34______ofmycircumstance.______35______,Inowhelpteenagersnavigateillness.Itfeelsrightsomehow.21.A.newsletter B.pen C.journal D.page22.A.read B.mail C.select D.solve23.A.extra B.personal C.inspirational D.former24.A.normal B.difficult C.strange D.perfect25.A.sang B.belonged C.happened D.trusted26.A.Commenting B.Writing C.Collecting D.Chatting27.A.forgot B.compared C.refused D.knew28.A.makesenseof B.makeuseof C.putupwith D.makeupfor29.A.experience B.luck C.support D.donation30.A.absence B.form C.order D.request31.A.visited B.reminded C.remembered D.understood32.A.traded B.downloaded C.ignored D.replaced33.A.confused B.positive C.worried D.generous34.A.winner B.believer C.victim D.witness35.A.Otherwise B.Besides C.Therefore D.Instead【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.B34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是作者曾深受慢性疾病的困擾，但通過寫詩實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的愿望，同時還幫助了許多與作者有著相似經(jīng)歷的人?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一天晚上，媽媽拿著一本黃色的日記本回到家，把它放在我手里。A.newsletter簡訊；B.pen筆；C.journal日記，雜志；D.page頁碼。根據(jù)下文中的“SlowlyoverthenextfewdaysIbegantowriteinsidethatjournal.”可知，作者慢慢的開始在那本日記里寫東西，由此可知，此處指的是媽媽給作者拿來一本黃色的“日記本”符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我想讓你讀讀這個，”媽媽說。A.read讀；B.mail郵寄；C.select挑選；D.solve解決。根據(jù)語境和上文中的“Onthefrontwasapoementitled“Don’tQuit.””可知，作者生病在家，媽媽帶來一本日記本，在日記本的正面是一首題為“不要放棄”的詩，媽媽應(yīng)是想以此激勵作者，由此可知，此處指的是作者想讓作者“讀”這首詩。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這首詩充滿了關(guān)于克服挑戰(zhàn)的鼓舞人心的話語，這對我來說是完美的。A.extra額外的；B.personal個人的；C.inspirational鼓舞人心的；D.former以前的。根據(jù)上文中的“Onthefrontwasapoementitled“Don’tQuit.””可知，詩歌的標(biāo)題“不要放棄”，由此可知，此處應(yīng)是充滿“鼓舞人心的”話語，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這首詩充滿了關(guān)于克服挑戰(zhàn)的鼓舞人心的話語，這對我來說是完美的。A.normal正常的；B.difficult困難的；C.strange奇怪的；D.perfect正合適的。根據(jù)語境和上文中的“Thepoemwasfullof___3___wordsaboutovercomingchallenges”可知，這首詩充滿了關(guān)于克服挑戰(zhàn)的鼓舞人心的話語，結(jié)合作者因病在家，由此可知，此處應(yīng)指的是這對作者來說應(yīng)該是“正合適的”符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在每一節(jié)之后，疊句幾乎都在對我唱：“不要放棄?！盇.sang唱歌；B.belonged屬于；C.happened發(fā)生；D.trusted相信。根據(jù)常識和上文中的“Aftereachandeverystanza(詩節(jié))therefrain(疊句)”可知，詩歌可以吟唱，所以，此處指的是詩歌的每一節(jié)之后的疊句好像是在對作者“唱”著“不要放棄”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動名詞詞義辨析。句意：寫作一直是我的熱情所在，不知怎的，媽媽知道我會從自己的文字中找到安慰。A.Commenting評論；B.Writing寫作；C.Collecting收集；D.Chatting聊天。根據(jù)上文中的“SlowlyoverthenextfewdaysIbegantowriteinsidethatjournal.”可知，在接下來的幾天，作者額開始在日記本的里面寫作，由此可推斷，“寫作”是作者的熱情所在。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：寫作一直是我的熱情所在，不知怎的，媽媽知道我會從自己的文字中找到安慰。A.forgot忘記；B.compared比較；C.refused拒絕；D.knew知道。根據(jù)上文中的“OnenightMomcamehomewithayellow____1____andplaceditinmyhands.”可知，媽媽給作者待會一個日記本，結(jié)合下文中的“thecomfortI’dfindthroughmyownwords.”可以推斷，此處指的是媽媽給作者拿來日記本，媽媽“知道”作者喜歡寫作，會在文字中找到“安慰”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：在過去的幾個星期里，一行行的書頁之間開始形成詩歌，我開始理解這種痛苦。A.makesenseof理解；B.