湖北省部分省級示范高中2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題【含答案解析】

湖北省部分省級示范高中2023～2024學(xué)年上學(xué)期高二期末測試英語試卷考試時間：2024年1月31日試卷滿分：150分★?？荚図樌镒⒁馐马棧?.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhenwillthemanmeetCooper?A.Thisafternoon. B.Thisevening. C.Tomorrowmorning.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:WhattimeareyoupickingCooperupfromhisfriend’shousethisafternoon?Iwanttogowithyou.M:Coopercalledtosaythathewouldstaythereovernight.SoI’llpickhimuptomorrowmorning.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhereisprobablyJuno?A.Inthepalyground. B.Atamuseum. C.Athome.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Honey,wakeJunoup.I’mfreetoday.Let’sgototheGreenwoodMuseum!W:Well,Juno’salreadyatschool.M:School?Butit’sSaturday!W:Todayistheschoolsportsday.Shemustbecheeringherclassmatesonnow.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemantellthewomantodo?A.Openherbackpack.B.Gobacktotherailwaystation.C.Writedownsomeinformation.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme.Ilostmybackpack.IthinkIleftitonabenchattherailwaystation.WhatshouldIdonow?M:Don’tworrytoomuch,ma’am.Pleasefillinthisformfirst.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howdoesthegirlfeel?A.Curious B.Relaxed. C.Scared.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Canwegobacknow?I’mafraidofthedark.M:Relax,sweetie!Don’tyoufindthestarsbeautiful?W:Yes,but...Oh,listen!There’sasoundfromthebushes!Let’sgetoutofhere,please!5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatactivityattractsmanatpresent?A.Readingbooks. B.Playingboardgames. C.WatchingTV.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:YourfavoriteTVshowisabouttostart.Whyareyoustillinthestudy?M:I’mtiredofallthetelevisionprograms.W:Thenwhat’syournewhobby?Readingbooks?M:No.I’minterestedinboardgamesnow!第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatwasthenormalpriceofthebackpillow?A.￡46. B.￡40. C.￡36.7.HowdoesClaireexerciseherback?A.Bydoingyoga. B.Bygoingswimming. C.Byliftingweights.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:Claire,thankyouforbuyingmethisbackpillow.Ihopeitdidn’tcostyoutoomuch.W:You’rewelcome.Itonlycostme36pounds.I’mamemberofthatstore,soIgota10%discount.M:Thanks.Thepillowhelpsmeeasethepaininmyback.W:Great.Youcanalsodoyogaorgoswimmingtorelievebackpain.M:OK.Iguessyou’veneversufferedfrombackpain.W:Yeah.Idoweighttrainingeverydaytoworkthemusclesofmyback.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatisthewomangoingtolearnbyherself?A.Alanguage. B.Photography. C.Amusicalinstrument.9.Whydoesthewomanrefusetosignupforonlinecourses?A.Theyaretooexpensive.B.Theyrequirelongscreentime.C.Theteachingmodeisn’tsuitableforher.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Iadmitthatyou’requitecapableofteachingyourselfthings.Youmanagedtoteachyourselfphotographyandguitar.W:Yeah.SoI’mconfidentthatIcanmasterGerman.M:ButGermanisnotthateasytolearnonyourown.You’dbetterjoinalanguagecenter.W:NoThecoursesinthelanguagecenterarealwaysexpensive.Besides,Iprefertostudyalone.Learningingroupsisn’tsuitableforme.M:Thenhowaboutonlinecourses?Theyarerelativelyinexpensive.Andyoucanhaveclassesathome.W:Well,Idon’tliketolookatthescreenfortoolong.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatisthewomancomplainingaboutatfirst?A.Thefood. B.Herpetdog. C.Theweather.11.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodotosavewater?A.Turnthetapoffintime.B.Collecttheusedwater.C.Avoidwashingclothesfrequently.12.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Livingahealthylifestyle.B.Reducinglivingcosts.C.Protectingtheenvironment.【答案】10.C11.A12.B【解析】【原文】W:I’mback.It’sboilingoutside.Wecanfryeggsonthesidewalk!Ican’tstandtheheatanymore.M:Well,we’reinthedogdaysofsummer.W:Butwhydidn’tyouturnontheairconditioner?M:Ithinktheairconditionerusesalotofelectricity.TodayIpaidtheelectricityandwaterbill.That’salotofmoney.Weneedtocutdownonourlivingexpensesifwewanttobuyanewcar.W:Alright.Ithinkweshouldcookfoodforourselvesathomemoreoften.Asforsavingwater,wecancollecttheusedwatertomopthefloor.M:Goodidea.Youalwayskeepthetaprunningwhilebrushingteeth.Youshouldturnitoff.W:Gotit.I’llalsospendlessonnewclothes.M:Me,too.Webuyclothesalmosteverymonth.Buyingexcessiveclothesisalsobadfortheenvironment.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whenwilltheman’sclassstart?A.At2:15. B.At2:45. C.At3:00.14.Whatistheman’smajor?A.Marketing. B.Spanish. C.Journalism.15.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutstudyingabroad?A.Quiteembarrassed. B.Generallysatisfied. C.Terriblydisappointed.16.Whatdifficultydoesthemanfailtoovercome?A.Cookingbyhimself. B.Thelanguagebarrier. C.Homesickness.【答案】13.B14.A15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,I’mareporterfromtheschoolnewspaper.Canyousparemeafewminutesforaninterview?M:Hmm...It’s2:00.I’llhaveaclassinthreequartersofanhour.Okay,let’sstart.W:Well,canyouintroduceyourselffirst?M:MynameisEvanMiller,ajuniorinMarketing.AndI’mfromSpain.W:That’sacountryfarawayfromhere.Whydidyoudecidetostudyabroad?M:Well,Ithinkstudyingabroadisanopportunitytodiscoveranewcultureandlearnnewthings.W:Doyouenjoyyourlifenow?M:Yes.ImademanyEnglish-speakingfriends.AndI’velearnedhowtocookrecently.W:Whataboutdifficulties?M:Hmm,sinceIlivefarawayfrommyfamily,Ialwaysmissmyparents.W:Iknowhowyoufeel.Well,thenextquestionis...聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatdoesthespeakeruseinitialwordsmainlyfor?A.Makingiteasiertocommunicatewithfriends.B.Improvingherworkefficiency.C.Addingfuntoconversations.18.Whichofthefollowingisusedmostinthespeaker’scountry?A.LOL. B.TBH. C.OMG.19.Inwhichstatedidpeopleusethefewestinitialwords?A.Minnesota. B.Georgia. C.Idaho.20.Whydoesthespeakermentionothercountriesatlast?A.Tostatethefactthatinitialwordsarewidelyused.B.Toprovesomecountriesrarelyuseinitialwords.C.Tocomparetheuseofinitialwordsindifferentcountries.【答案】17.A18.A19.C20.A【解析】【原文】W:FromLOLtoOMG,thesearethetextinginitialwordsAmericanscan’tgetenoughof.Thesewordsaremadeupofthefirstlettersofthewordsinaphrase,whichmakesiteasiertouse.Myfriendsalwaystalktomewiththesespecialwords,soIhavetolearntheirmeaningsinordertousethemregularly.Theymakeourconversationsmoreinteresting,too.Sometimesmyfriendscreatenewinitialwords,soIneedtoguesswhattheymean.Recently,IlearnedfromastudyontheappWordTipsthattheinitialismforLaughoutloud”-LOLwasthemostcommoninthenation.TBH,whichstandsfor“tobehonest”,wasthemostpopularin7states-Washington,Oregon,Minnesota,NewMexico,Wisconsin,IllinoisandIndiana.SomeotherfindingsofthisWordTipsstudyincludestatisticslikewhichstate’stextinginitialwordsareusedthemost.Inthiscategory,Georgiasweptthecompetition.Incontrast,peopleinIdahousedthesmallestnumberofinitialwordsoutofall50states.BesidestheUS,whereIwasborn,Iknowpeopleinothercountries,likeFranceandChina,alsousethetextinginitialwords.Butweshouldknowthesespecialwordscanonlybeusedinformally.Itisrudeifweusetheminformalsituations.Forexample,wehardlyseeinitialwordsintheofficialnewsorletters.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWhetheryou’reathrill-seekerlookingfortheworld’smostintenserollercoastersorafamilyplanningavacationfilledwithfunforparentsandkids,themeparkshavesomethingforeveryone.DisneyandUniversalrankfirstwiththeirfamousthemeparksintheU.S.andabroad,butregionaloptionsofferuniqueexperiences,rides,andthemesthatyouwon’tfindanywhereelse.TokyoDisneySea,JapanTokyoDisneyResorttopsthemust-visitlistformanyDisneythemeparkfans.TokyoDisneylandisverysimilartoMagicKingdominFloridaorDisneylandParkinCalifornia,butTokyoDisneySeaisuniquewithitsnautical(海上的)theme,fantasticallands,andbeautifulsectionsinspiredbytheMediterranean,Arabian,andAmericancoasts.FerrariWorldAbuDhabi,UnitedArabEmiratesThisprimarilyindoorFerrari-inspiredthemeparkinAbuDhabiisamust-visitforcarandthrilllovers.It’shometotheworld’sfastestrollercoasterFormulaRossa,whichreachesspeedsof149mph.Whenvisiting,makesureyoualsotakeadvantageofthedrivingexperiences,onwhichyoucangoaroundYasIslandbehindthewheelofaFerrari.TivoliGardens,DenmarkOneoftheworld’soldestoperatingamusementparks,TivoliGardensisamust-visitattractionintheheartofCopenhagen.Theparkdatesbackto1843,andithasrides,theaters,andrestaurantsspreadacrossitscharminggroundsandgardens.Duringtheholidays,theparkisextramagicalwithitsannualfestivalwhenthescenelightsupwithdecorations.Efteling,NetherlandsEftelingistheNetherlands’largestandoneofEurope’smost-visitedamusementparks.Itsimaginativerides,gardens,andattractionsarethemedtoDutchfolkloreandfairytales,includinga15-acreFairytaleForestwithmorethantwodozenscenes.Forexample,adrenaline-seekerscanlineupforathrillrideontheFlyingDutchmanwatercoaster.21.Whichoneshouldyouchooseifyouareintobeaches?A.TokyoDisneySea. B.FerrariWorldAbuDhabi.C.TivoliGardens. D.Efteling.22.WhatisspecialaboutFerrariWorldAbuDhabi?A.ItistheonlyindoorthemeparkinAbuDhabi.B.Itprovidesimaginativeridesfortourists.C.Itismostlyvisitedbycarandthrilllovers.D.Ithasthefastestrollercoasterintheworld.23.Whomightbethetargetreaderofthisarticle?A.DisneyorUniversalthemeparkfans.B.Familiesplanningastaycation.C.Distinctivethemeparkseekers.D.Thrillingridesloversonly.【答案】21.A22.D23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾個區(qū)域性提供獨特體驗的公園。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TokyoDisneySea,Japan標題下“TokyoDisneylandisverysimilartoMagicKingdominFloridaorDisneylandParkinCalifornia,butTokyoDisneySeaisuniquewithitsnautical(海上的)theme,fantasticallands,andbeautifulsectionsinspiredbytheMediterranean,Arabian,andAmericancoasts.”（東京迪士尼樂園與佛羅里達州的神奇王國或加利福尼亞州的迪士尼樂園非常相似，但東京迪士尼海洋樂園的獨特之處在于它的航海主題，夢幻般的土地，以及受地中海，阿拉伯和美國海岸啟發(fā)的美麗部分）可知，如果你喜歡海灘你應(yīng)該選擇東京迪士尼海洋樂園。故選A項?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FerrariWorldAbuDhabi,UnitedArabEmirates標題下“It’shometotheworld’sfastestrollercoasterFormulaRossa,whichreachesspeedsof149mph.”（這里有世界上最快的過山車FormulaRossa，時速可達149英里）可知，阿布扎比法拉利世界的特別之處在于它有世界上最快的過山車。故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“DisneyandUniversalrankfirstwiththeirfamousthemeparksintheU.S.andabroad,butregionaloptionsofferuniqueexperiences,rides,andthemesthatyouwon’tfindanywhereelse.”（迪士尼和環(huán)球以其著名的主題公園在美國和國外排名第一，但區(qū)域選擇提供獨特的體驗，游樂設(shè)施和主題，你在其他地方找不到）可知，文章介紹了一些區(qū)域性提供獨特體驗的公園，所以這篇文章的目標讀者是特色主題公園的尋求者。故選C項。BBytradition,onLunarNewYear,you’resupposedtoputonnewclothes,frominnertoouterones.Ifthey’retheluckyred,allthebetter.Youcanneverhavetoomuchluck.Butwhenyouturnamultipleof12,24,36,48,60andsoon—thetraditiongetsextended:Redunderweareverydayofthatlunarcalendaryear.WhenIfirstheardaboutthepracticeafewyearsago,Iconsidereditnonsense.Italsoseemedridiculoustobuysomanypairsinacolorvividunderlightclothes.MypracticalimmigrantChineseparents,anengineerandscientist,didn’tpassthistraditiondown.Addinganothersuperstition(迷信)alsoseemedlikeathingIcoulddowithout.ButasIapproachmyfourthtimearoundthewheelforthe“YearoftheDragon,”—inwhat’sknownas“benmingnian”orthethresholdyear—I’vebeenreflectinguponthemilestonesofthosepastintervals:pubertyatage12,movingacrossthecountryforajobat24andgivingbirthtomytwinsonsat36.ThemoreI’velookedintothepractice,themoreIrealizethesignificanceofitspopularity.AsanAmerican-bornChinese,Ihavealwaysadoptedandadaptedwhatcomesfrommybirthplace.Logically,Iknowitwon’tmatterifIwearredornot,butforme,fornow,thissharedtraditionstrengthensmybondwithmyculture.Sooften,lifegoesbysoquicklybeforewecouldrealize.Daysbecomeweeks,months,yearsandsuddenlyadozenyearsgoby.MynewbornshavegrownintotweensandI’vetransformedfromnotquitemiddle-agedtonowverymuchso.WiththeturnoftheLunarNewYear,IvalueachancetoreflectonmypaststrugglesandhowIfoundawaythrough.It’samindsetwecouldallbenefitfrom.24.WhatisthetraditiononLunarNewYear?A.Wearingluckyredclothesallyearround.B.Puttingonnewclothesfromheadtotoe.C.Neverhavingtoomanyluckyclothes.D.Extendingthesuperstitionatamultipleof12.25.Whydidtheauthormentionherparents?A.Toproveitisridiculoustowearredclothes.B.Tohonorherpracticalimmigrantparents.C.Toblameherparentsfornotpassingthetraditiondown.D.Tojustifyhernotfollowingtheextendedtradition.26.Whatfinallychangedtheauthor’sattitudetothepractice?A.Herapproachingtheageof48. B.Itsconnectionwithherculture.C.Herillogicalthinkingpatterns. D.Itspopularityamongimmigrants.27.Whatmighttheauthordoatherfourthtimearoundthewheel?AReflectonherwaythrough. B.Developanewbeneficialmindset.C.Buyunderwearinthevividred. D.Realizetimegoingbyquickly.【答案】24.B25.D26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了作者通過自己的體會和感觸介紹了穿紅色在中國農(nóng)歷新年和本命年的意義?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“Bytradition,onLunarNewYear,you’resupposedtoputonnewclothes,frominnertoouterones.(按照傳統(tǒng)，在農(nóng)歷新年，你應(yīng)該穿上新衣服，從內(nèi)到外。)”可知，農(nóng)歷新年的傳統(tǒng)是從頭到腳穿上新衣服。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第二段講到“WhenIfirstheardaboutthepracticeafewyearsago,Iconsidereditnonsense.Italsoseemedridiculoustobuysomanypairsinacolorvividunderlightclothes.MypracticalimmigrantChineseparents,anengineerandscientist,didn’tpassthistraditiondown.(幾年前，當(dāng)我第一次聽說這種做法時，我認為這是無稽之談。買這么多顏色鮮艷的淺色衣服似乎也很可笑。我務(wù)實的中國移民父母是一名工程師和科學(xué)家，他們沒有把這一傳統(tǒng)傳下來。)”可知，作者提到她的父母是為她不遵循傳統(tǒng)辯解。故選D?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。文章第三段講到“AsanAmerican-bornChinese,Ihavealwaysadoptedandadaptedwhatcomesfrommybirthplace.Logically,Iknowitwon’tmatterifIwearredornot,butforme,fornow,thissharedtraditionstrengthensmybondwithmyculture.(作為一個在美國出生的中國人，我一直采用和適應(yīng)來自我出生地的東西。從邏輯上講，我知道我是否穿紅色并不重要，但對我來說，就目前而言，這種共同的傳統(tǒng)加強了我與我的文化的聯(lián)系。)”可知，最終改變了作者對習(xí)俗的態(tài)度是因為這個習(xí)俗與她的文化有關(guān)。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。文章倒數(shù)第二段講到“Logically,Iknowitwon’tmatterifIwearredornot,butforme,fornow,thissharedtraditionstrengthensmybondwithmyculture.(從邏輯上講，我知道我是否穿紅色并不重要，但對我來說，就目前而言，這種共同的傳統(tǒng)加強了我與我的文化的聯(lián)系。)”以及最后一段“MynewbornshavegrownintotweensandI’vetransformedfromnotquitemiddle-agedtonowverymuchso.WiththeturnoftheLunarNewYear,IvalueachancetoreflectonmypaststrugglesandhowIfoundawaythrough.(我的新生兒已經(jīng)長成了十一二歲的孩子，我已經(jīng)從不到中年變成了現(xiàn)在的中年。隨著農(nóng)歷新年的到來，我很珍惜有機會反思我過去的掙扎，以及我是如何找到出路的。)”可知，由文章最后兩段可知作者對于本命年穿紅色內(nèi)衣的態(tài)度改變了，開始接納這一傳統(tǒng)。因此在她即將到達第四個本命年的時候，她可能會買紅色內(nèi)衣來穿。故選C。CAfewmonthsagoIwasinacinemaqueuebehindamanwhosetwosonswereaskingiftheycouldhaveTangoIceBlastsbrightbluepartlyfrozendrinks.Thefatherhesitatedforamoment.They’dalreadyhadtoomuchsugarystuffthatday,hesaid.“Butit’ssugar-free,”repliedoneoftheboys.Thatsealedthedeal.Theboyswalkedoffhappilyintothecinemaholdingtheirdrinks.InanerawhensugariswidelyseenasenemyNo.1,sugar-freedrinksandtreats,sweetenedwithlow-calorieadditives(添加劑),becomewell-likedandpromiseguilt-freesweetness.Somepeopledeliberatelychooselow-sugaroptionsinthehopeoflosingweightormanagingdiabetes;othersjustenjoythetaste.Butevenifyouaren’tseekingthemout,it’shardtoavoidartificialsweeteners.In2021,researcherslookedatfoodsforsaleinHongKongandfoundthatsweetenerswerepresentnotjustinproductswhereyouwouldexpectthem,suchassugarlesschewinggum,butalsoinsaladdressings,breads,instantnoodlesandmanycrisps.Theyhavebecomesuchacommonpartofourdietthatenvironmentalscientistshavestartedlookingfortracesofthem-particularlyacesulfamepotassium,whichpassesthroughthebodylargelyundigested—asamarkerforhumanwasteinlakesandrivers.Theriseofsweetenersis,inpart,asignofthespectacularsuccessofsugartaxes,whichhavebeenintroducedinmorethan40countriessince2010.IntheUK,thesoftdrinksindustrytaxwasannouncedin2016andfullycarriedoutin2018,aspartofaplanto“tacklechildhoodobesity”.Thetaxchargedmanufacturers24palitreforanydrinkwith8gormoreofaddedsugarper100ml.AlmostallthemajorsoftdrinksbrandsintheUKcutthesugarcontentoftheirproductsandreplacedthemissingsweetnesswithsomekindofartificialalternative.“Original”Coca-Colaand“blue”Pepsiwereamongthefewdrinkstokeeptheirrecipesthesame.Oncetheybecamemoreexpensive,comparedtothesugar-freealternatives,theirsalesfell.28.Whatmadesugar-freedrinksandtreatspopular?A.Thepublic’spursuitofhealth. B.Thetasteoflow-calorieadditives.C.People’spromisetomanagediabetes. D.Parents’expectationofguilt-freesweetness.29.Whyisithardtoavoidartificialsweeteners?A.Becausetheyarepresentineveryfoodproduct.B.Becausetheycanbefoundintheenvironment.C.Becausetheyarewidelyusedinourdiet.D.Becausetheyarepartofaplantodealwithobesity.30.WhatdiddrinkmanufacturersintheUKdowiththesugartax?A.Majorsoftdrinksbrandsreducedtheirproducts’sugarcontent.B.Coca-ColaandPepsirefusedtochangetheirrecipes.C.Nearlyallbigsoftdrinksbrandsturnedtoartificialsweeteners.D.Drinkcompaniesloweredthepricetoraisetheirsales.31.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.Sugar,EnemyNo.1. B.TheRiseofArtificialSweeteners.C.TheSecrettoHealth:Low-calorieAdditives. D.ScientificFactsBehindHealth.【答案】28.A29.C30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章從無糖飲料的流行入手，講述了甜味劑被廣泛使用的現(xiàn)象和原因?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Somepeopledeliberatelychooselow-sugaroptionsinthehopeoflosingweightormanagingdiabetes;othersjustenjoythetaste.(有些人故意選擇低糖食品，希望能減肥或控制糖尿病;其他人只是享受它的味道)”可知，無糖可樂變得流行是因為人們追求健康或喜歡這和口味，故選A?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“In2021,researcherslookedatfoodsforsaleinHongKongandfoundthatsweetenerswerepresentnotjustinproductswhereyouwouldexpectthem,suchassugarlesschewinggum,butalsoinsaladdressings,breads,instantnoodlesandmanycrisps.(2021年，研究人員對香港出售的食品進行了調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)甜味劑不僅存在于無糖口香糖等你會想到的產(chǎn)品中，還存在于沙拉醬、面包、方便面和許多薯片中)”以及第四段“Theyhavebecomesuchacommonpartofourdiet(它們已經(jīng)成為我們?nèi)粘ｏ嬍持泻艹Ｒ姷囊徊糠?”可知，很難避免人造甜味劑是因為它們在我們的飲食中被廣泛使用。故選C?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“AlmostallthemajorsoftdrinksbrandsintheUKcutthesugarcontentoftheirproductsandreplacedthemissingsweetnesswithsomekindofartificialalternative.(英國幾乎所有主要的軟飲料品牌都減少了產(chǎn)品中的糖含量，并用某種人工替代品代替了缺失的甜味)”可知，幾乎所有的大型軟飲料品牌都轉(zhuǎn)而使用人工甜味劑。故選C。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“InanerawhensugariswidelyseenasenemyNo.1,sugar-freedrinksandtreats,sweetenedwithlow-calorieadditives(添加劑),becomewell-likedandpromiseguilt-freesweetness.Somepeopledeliberatelychooselow-sugaroptionsinthehopeoflosingweightormanagingdiabetes;othersjustenjoythetaste.(在一個糖被普遍視為頭號敵人的時代，無糖飲料和零食，添加低熱量添加劑的甜味，變得很受歡迎，并承諾沒有負罪感的甜味。有些人故意選擇低糖食品，希望能減肥或控制糖尿??；其他人只是享受它的味道)”結(jié)合文章從無糖飲料的流行入手，講述了甜味劑被廣泛使用的現(xiàn)象和原因。B選項“人造甜味劑的興起”最符合文章標題。故選B。DImaginewalkingintoyourlocalgrocerystoreonafreezingJanuarydaytopickupfreshlyharvestedlettuce,fragrantbasil,juicysweetstrawberries,andriperedtomatoes—allofwhichwereharvestedatalocalfarmonlyhoursbeforeyou’darrived.Youmightbeimaginingbuyingthatfreshproducefromvertical(垂直的)farmswherefarmerscangrowindoorsyear-roundbycontrollinglight,temperature,water,andoftentimescarbondioxidelevelsaswell.Generally,freshproducegrowninverticalfarmstravelsonlyafewmilestoreachgrocerystoreshelvescomparedtoconventionalproduce,whichcantravelthousandsofmilesbytruckorplane.Beyondprovidingfreshlocalproduce,verticalagriculturecouldhelpincreasefoodproductionandexpandagriculturaloperationsastheworld’spopulationisprojectedtobeover9billionby2050.Andbythatsameyear,twooutofeverythreepeopleareexpectedtoliveinurbanareas.Producingfreshgreensandvegetablesclosetothesegrowingurbanpopulationscouldhelpmeetgrowingglobalfooddemandsinanenvironmentallyresponsibleandsustainablewaybyreducingdeliverychainstoofferloweremissions,providinghigher-nutrientproduce,andcompletelyreducingwaterusageandrunoff.Recently,USDAandtheDepartmentofEnergyheldaworkshopfocusedonverticalagriculture.Atthisworkshop,fieldexpertssharedpresentationsfollowedbysmallgroupdiscussionsfocusedonareassuchasplantbreeding,pestmanagement,andengineering.Workshopattendeesworkedtogethertoidentifythechallenges,needs,andopportunitiesforverticalfarming.AreportonthisworkshopwillbereleasedtohelpinformDepartmentalstrategicplanningeffortsforresearchprioritiesatUSDAandfundingopportunitiesforresearchers.Verticalagriculturepresentspotentialopportunitiestoaddressfoodsecurity.That’swhyUSDAalreadyhassomeofthesefundingandresearchchancesinplace.TheNationalInstituteforFoodandAgriculturehasfundingopportunitiesthatcouldsupportfutureverticalagricultureconferencesandresearch.Similarly,theAgriculturalResearchServiceisworkingonaprojecttoincreaseU.S.tomatoproductionandqualityingreenhousesandotherprotected-environments.32.Whatistheadvantageofverticalfarms?A.Deliverychainscanbeextended.B.Foodyieldcanbeincreased.C.Freshproducecanbesoldbyconsumers.D.Producecantravellongdistancebytruckorplane.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“projected”meaninparagraph2?A.suspected B.estimated C.proved D.displayed34.Whatdoweknowabouttheworkshop?A.AreleasedreporthelpspromoteDepartmentalstrategies.B.Smallgroupdiscussionsconcentratedonagriculturalareas.C.Peopleattendingtheworkshopsharedpresentations.D.Researchersmightbenefitalotfromthisworkshop.35.WhydidUSDAprovidefundingandresearchchancesforverticalagriculture?A.Tosupportfutureagriculturalconferences.B.Toincreasetomatoproductionandquality.C.Topresentpotentialchancestoconsumers.D.Toexplorepossibilitiesforfoodsecurity.【答案】32.B33.B34.D35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了垂直農(nóng)業(yè)，說明了其特點和優(yōu)勢等情況?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Generally,freshproducegrowninverticalfarmstravelsonlyafewmilestoreachgrocerystoreshelvescomparedtoconventionalproduce,whichcantravelthousandsofmilesbytruckorplane.(一般來說，垂直農(nóng)場種植的新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品只需幾英里就能到達雜貨店貨架，而傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品可以通過卡車或飛機運輸數(shù)千英里)”可知，第一段講的是垂直農(nóng)業(yè)的運輸優(yōu)勢，以及第二段中“Beyondprovidingfreshlocalproduce,verticalagriculturecouldhelpincreasefoodproductionandexpandagriculturaloperations(除了提供新鮮的當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)產(chǎn)品外，垂直農(nóng)業(yè)還可以幫助增加糧食產(chǎn)量和擴大農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營)”可知，垂直農(nóng)場的優(yōu)點是糧食產(chǎn)量可以增加。故選B。【33題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“astheworld’spopulationisprojectedtobeover9billionby2050.Andbythatsameyear,twooutofeverythreepeopleareexpectedtoliveinurbanareas.（到2050年，世界人口projected將超過90億。到同一年，預(yù)計三分之二的人將居住在城市地區(qū)。）”可知，人口預(yù)估會超過9billion，A.suspected懷疑；B.estimated估計；C.proved證明；D.displayed展示。故選B?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“AreportonthisworkshopwillbereleasedtohelpinformDepartmentalstrategicplanningeffortsforresearchprioritiesatUSDAandfundingopportunitiesforresearchers.（關(guān)于這個研習(xí)會的報告將會被公布，以幫助告知農(nóng)業(yè)部在戰(zhàn)略計劃上的努力，這些戰(zhàn)略計劃是針對美國農(nóng)業(yè)部研究重點與研究者的資金補助)”，研究人員可能會從這次研討會中受益匪淺。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Verticalagriculturepresentspotentialopportunitiestoaddressfoodsecurity.That’swhyUSDAalreadyhassomeofthesefundingandresearchchancesinplace.

（垂直農(nóng)業(yè)為解決糧食安全問題提供了潛在機會。這就是為什么美國農(nóng)業(yè)部已經(jīng)提供了一些資助和研究機會。）”可知，USDA提供資助與研究機會是為了探索糧食安全的可能性。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分7.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中可以填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifyou’vespentanytimeonlineinthefirstfewweeksof2023,youmayhavealreadypickeduponthebuzzsurroundingChatGPT.Butwhatexactlyisit?____36____WhatisChatGPT?ChatGPTisanartificialintelligencechatbotfromOpenAI.Itenablesusersto“converse”withitinawaythat’smeanttocopynaturalconversation.____37____Theeasy-to-understand,easy-to-use,andfreetoolhasalreadygainedpopularityasbothanalternativetotraditionalsearchenginesandasatoolforAlwriting,amongotherthings.WhatdoesGPTstandfor?____38____WhileolderAIchatbotscouldanswerquestionswithdetailedresponses,ChatGPTusesadialogformat,whichallowsittoanswerfollow-upandclarifyingquestions,aswellasrecognizeandrejectinappropriateordangerousrequests(suchasquestionsaboutillegalactivity).HowtouseChatGPTtoincreaseyourwork?____39____KnowinghowtoeffectivelycommunicatewithChatGPT,oranygenerativeAImodel,iscalledpromptengineering.YoucaneitherincludeChatGPTinyourday-to-dayworktoconductaresearchortohelpyougetstartedonawritingprojectwhilestaringatablankpage.____40____ChatGPTusesnaturallanguageprocessing(NLP),anAItechnologythatdealswithunderstanding,analyzing,andgeneratinghuman-likelanguage.Itanalyzessampletextsfromtheinternetandconversationsprovidedbyrealhumans,andthenranksoutputsbasedonthequalityoftheresponse.Providingoccasionalfeedbackfromhumansisatechniquethatcanhelpfine-tunetheoutputbyimprovingbothsafetyandreliability.A.Asauser,youcanaskquestionsormakerequests,andChatGPTwillrespond.B.ChatGPThasbecomeapowerfultooltosavetimeandenergy.C.Inthisarticle,youcanfindallyouneedtoknowaboutChatGPT.D.ChatGPTrepresentsthefutureofallchatbotswithoutdoubt.E.The“GPT”inChatGPTisshortforgenerativepre-trainedtransformer.F.HowdoesChatGPTwork?G.ThetechniquetoapplywhenusingChatGPT.【答案】36.C37.A38.E39.B40.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了ChatGPT，包括ChatGPT是什么、可以做什么以及ChatGPT是怎么做的?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyou’vespentanytimeonlineinthefirst