福建省漳州市高三畢業(yè)班第三次質(zhì)量檢測考試英語試題

漳州市2024屆高三畢業(yè)班第三次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題本試題卷共8頁，67題。全卷滿分150分。考試用時120分鐘。注意事項:1.答題前,考生務必將自己的姓名、班級、考場填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題的答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上,寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時,先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Writingapaper.B.Watchingamovie.C.Meetingthedeadline.2.Wherecouldthewomanprobablybe?A.Inacoffeeshop.B.Inahospital.C.Inaplane.3.Whichskirtdoesthemanlikebetter?A.Theblueone.B.Theyellowone.C.Theredone.4.Whatistheman?A.Acyclist.B.Ashopkeeper.C.Apoliceman.5.Howwilltheygettotheairport?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Bysubway.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6,7題。6.Whatmistakedidthewomanmake?A.Shedeletedsomethingimportant.B.Shedidn’tfinishthedocumentontime.C.Sheaccidentallybroketheputer.7Wheredidthedialogueprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inaclassroom.聽第7段材料,回答第8,9題。8.Whatwasthemanmostworriedabout?A.Therecoverytimeafterthesurgery.B.Thedurationofthesurgery.C.Thepotentialpainofthesurgery.9.Howlongwillthesurgerytake?A.Lessthananhour.B.Abouttwohours.C.Morethanthreehours.聽第8段材料,回答第10至13題。10.Whatdoesthejobrequirethemantodo?A.Answercustomers’inquiries.B.Satisfyworkmates’requirements.C.Organizemunicationmeetings.11.Howmuchwillthemangetpaidforaday?A.$15.B.$90.C.$120.12.Whatwillthemanlearninthetrainingprogram?A.Updatedknowledge.B.Somepanypolicies.C.Theselectionprocess.13.Whenwillthemangetfurtherinformationabouttheinterview?A.In2days.B.In3days.C.In4days.聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Whatisthemanplainingabout?A.Thequalityoftheshirt.B.Theserviceoftheshop.C.Therefundpolicyoftheshop.15.Whydoesthewomanrefusetorefundtheshirtatfirst?A.Itwasboughtover7daysago.B.Itisofgoodqualityinheropinion.C.Hermanagerdisagreedtodothat.16.Whodoesthemanadvisethewomantoconsultwith?A.Anothercustomer.B.Hermanager.C.Asalesman.17.Whatdoesthemangetintheend?A.Astorecredit.B.Anexchange.C.Arefund.聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.HowlongdoestheLushengFestivalinGuizhoulast?A.3days.B.5days.C.7days.19.WherecanyouenjoytheLushengFestivalinNovember?A.InKaili.B.InZhouxiTown.C.InHuangpingCounty.20.Whatisthepurposeofholdingtheceremony?A.Towishforagoodharvest.B.Toboostthelocaleconomy.C.Toshowloveforeachother.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。AIlovelearningaboutcustomsandpracticesinothercountries.Forthispost,IaskedallofmyfriendsintheMulticulturalKidBloggergrouptogivemetheirfavoritebirthdaytraditions!CHINAThemostspecialofthebirthdaytraditionsinChinaisforbabies.Newparentsgiveredeggs(anevennumber)tofriendsandfamilyforgoodluck.monpresentsincludefood,silverware,andmoneywrappedinredpaper.Onbirthdays,itismontoeatlongevitynoodles(長壽面)withoutbreakingthemforgoodlucktolivealonglife.ISRAELSometimeschildreninIsraelwearacrown(王冠)madefromleavesorflowersfortheirbirthday.Thebirthdaychildsitsinachair,andgetspickedupandraisedandloweredthechaironetimeforeachyearofage,plusonemoreforgoodluck.Guestsatthebirthdaypartysinganddancearoundthechair.Atbirthdayparties,kidsoftenplaygames,suchasraceswithpotatoesonspoons.GHANAInGhana,oneofthemostmonbirthdaytraditionsisthatkidsgettoeatotoforbreakfast:sweetpotatoesmixedwithonions,madeintopatties,andfriedwithhardboiledeggs.Laterintheday,Ghanaianssometimeshaveapartyforthechildwithstew,rice,andkelewele.Attheparty,girlsoftenliketoplayagamecalledampe.MEXICOMexicofamiliesloveparties,andcelebratebirthdaysengrande(盛大地).The15thbirthday,quincea?eraisthemostimportant,formal,andwellprepared.MexicansalwayssingLasMa?anitastowakeupthechildontheirbirthdays.Whenthebirthdaygirlorboyblowsouttheircandles,guestscallforthemtotakeabiteofthecake(“mordidamordida!”)andalwayspushtheirfaceintothefrosting.AMexicanbirthdaypartyalwayshasapi?atafilledwithlittletoysandcandies.1.WhatdoparentsbothinChinaandGhanadofortheirkids’birthdays?A.Offerthemaspecialfood. B.Givethemmoneyinredpapers.C.Playauniquegamewiththem. D.Makeaspecialclothingforthem.2.WhatdokidsinMexicogetfortheirbirthdays?A.Ablessingsong. B.Abeautifulcrown. C.Redeggs. D.Awonderfulbreakfast.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anoticeboard. B.Atravelguidebook. C.Awebsite. D.Ageographymagazine.【答案】1.A2.A3.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個國家獨特的生日傳統(tǒng)習俗。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CHINA中“Onbirthdays,itismontoeatlongevitynoodles(長壽面)withoutbreakingthemforgoodlucktolivealonglife.(在生日的時候，人們通常會吃長壽面，但不讓它們斷掉，以獲得長壽的好運)”和GHANA中“InGhana,oneofthemostmonbirthdaytraditionsisthatkidsgettoeatotoforbreakfast:sweetpotatoesmixedwithonions,madeintopatties,andfriedwithhardboiledeggs.(在加納，最常見的生日傳統(tǒng)之一是孩子們的早餐吃oto：甜土豆和洋蔥混合做成肉餅，和煮熟的雞蛋一起煎)”可知，中國和加納的父母都會在孩子的生日時為他們提供一種特殊的食物。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MEXICO中“MexicansalwayssingLasMa?anitastowakeupthechildontheirbirthdays(墨西哥人過生日時總是唱LasMa?anitas來叫醒孩子)”可知，墨西哥的孩子們過生日時會收到一首祝福歌。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Forthispost,IaskedallofmyfriendsintheMulticulturalKidBloggergrouptogivemetheirfavoritebirthdaytraditions!(為了這篇帖子，我請我在多元文化兒童博客群中的所有朋友分享給我他們最喜歡的生日傳統(tǒng))”可知，作者的這篇文章是一個分享多個文化中生日傳統(tǒng)的帖子。由此推知，文章應該來自網(wǎng)站。故選C項。BLearninganythingcanbechallenging,especiallywhenitestofiguringouthowandwhattopractice.Repetitionisusuallyessential.Butyoudon’twantsomethingthattakesthejoyoutofyou.I’vebeenteachingmyselftodrawforafewyears.Ihadimprovedalotbutforalongwhilewasgoingnowhere.I’dtriedlotsofbooksandcourses,andfilledendlesspageswithboxes,parallellinesandfigures.Noneoftheseseemstobeworking.ButsomethingclickedwhenIstartedsketchbookingthisyear.Thesketchbooksledtoashiftinmindset.Ratherthantryingtopractise,Iwasengaginginapractice—scribbling(涂鴉).Thescribblesweren’tallgoodbuttheyhavebeepartofawhole.I’vebeenabsorbedeversince.Iscribbledmybreakfast,thefruitintheoffice,andotherpeopleonthetrain.IspoketoDannyGregory,awriterwhoblogsandmakesvideosaboutsketchbooking,totrytofigureoutwhyIhadbeesotakenbymynewpractice.“Wethinkthepracticeindrawingislikethatinpiano,whereyouhavetoplaythroughaseriesofmusicalnotesstepbystep,”Gregorysays.“Butwhatifyouthinkaboutpracticeinotherterms—likeayogapracticeormedicalpractice?Withthosekindsofpractices,you’velearnedsomestuff,right?Progresshappensnaturally.It’snotpreparatory.Sojustfollowtheprocessandtakepleasureinit.Thisiswhatmatters.”Ihavenowfilledtwosketchbooksjustwithportraits—morethan100scribbledoveracoupleofmonths.InthemIchallengedmyselftoincludepeopleoneverypage.Usedtodrawingghosttownversions,thefirstfewpageswereastruggle.ButIstartedvaryingmymorningcoffeeroutinetofindnewplaceswhereIcouldobservelife.Mylatestsketchbookwilltacklethechallengeofallmydrawings—hands.I’vealwayshadproblemsdrawinghands.It’searlydays,butI’mnotfearingitasIwouldhavebeforebecauseitisn’tjustpracticeanymore.4.Whatwasthechallengetheauthorfacedwhenlearningtodraw?A.Lackofinterestintraditionalpracticemethods. B.Littleprogressdespiteextensiveefforts.C.Difficultyinobtainingnecessaryresources. D.Inabilitytomasterspecificdrawingtechniques.5.Whatdidtheauthorbenefitfromscribbling?A.Improvinghandcontrol. B.Enrichingcreativeexpression.C.Graspingwaystopaintdetails. D.Acceptingimperfectionsinart.6.AccordingtoGregory,whichattitudetowardpracticeshouldbeemphasized?A.Focusonspecificsisessential. B.Repetitionisafundamentalkey.C.Theemphasisliesinenjoyingtheprocess. D.Thehighlightisinwellorganizedexercises.7.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Everybeginningisdifficult. B.Tailoredmethodsdriveprogress.C.Artisthelanguageofthesoul. D.Integratinglifeenhanceslearning.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了作者學習素描的經(jīng)歷，以此來強調(diào)如何將生活與學習融為一體，以促進藝術學習的提升。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中“I’vebeenteachingmyselftodrawforafewyears.Ihadimprovedalotbutforalongwhilewasgoingnowhere.I’dtriedlotsofbooksandcourses,andfilledendlesspageswithboxes,parallellinesandfigures.Noneoftheseseemstobeworking.(幾年來，我一直在自學畫畫。我原來進步了很多，但有很長一段時間又沒有進步。我試過很多書和課程，在無窮無盡的頁面上畫滿了方框、平行線和圖形。這些似乎都不起作用)”可知，作者在學習繪畫時面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是：盡管作者付出了巨大努力，但進展甚微。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段中“Thescribblesweren’tallgoodbuttheyhavebeepartofawhole.I’vebeenabsorbedeversince.(這些涂鴉并不全是好的，但它們已經(jīng)成為一個整體的一部分)”可知，雖然這些涂鴉并不都是好的，但作者接受它們成為整體的一部分，由此可推知，作者從涂鴉中獲得的益處是接受了藝術的不完美。故選D項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。由第四段中““Wethinkthepracticeindrawingislikethatinpiano,whereyouhavetoplaythroughaseriesofmusicalnotesstepbystep,”Gregorysays.“Butwhatifyouthinkaboutpracticeinotherterms—likeayogapracticeormedicalpractice?Withthosekindsofpractices,you’velearnedsomestuff,right?Progresshappensnaturally.It’snotpreparatory.Sojustfollowtheprocessandtakepleasureinit.Thisiswhatmatters.”(Gregory說：“我們認為素描練習就像彈鋼琴一樣，必須一步一步地演奏一系列音符。但是，如果你從其他角度考慮練習——比如瑜伽練習或醫(yī)學練習，那又會怎么樣呢？通過那種類型的練習，你學到了一些東西，對吧？進步自然而然地發(fā)生了。這不是準備好的。所以只需遵循過程并享受其中。這才是最重要的?！?”可知，對于練習，Gregory強調(diào)練習的重點在于享受過程。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文講述了作者學習素描時，有一段時間進步緩慢，后來通過涂鴉的方式將繪畫與生活結(jié)合，取得了一定進展，在作者看來，這種方式有助于提升學習效果，由此可推知，這個故事傳達了“融入生活，促進學習”的思想。故選D項。C“Theoppositeofplayisn’twork;it’sdepression,”saysplayresearcherStuartBrown.“Theadultplayshortageisbeingapublichealthcrisis.”Playmayappearinsignificant,butrecentstudiesindicateitmaybeasessentialastheneedforsleep.Playfulnesshelpssomeyounganimalslearntomastertheirbodiesandtheirenvironments—andoncetheydo,moststopplayingasadults.“Adultplaypromotesqualitiesthatwehumanscouldusemoreof,”saysJeffHarry,aplayconsultant.Unfortunately,socialstandardsrestrain(抑制)oururgetoletloose.“Beingaplayfuladultisreallydisapprovedinoursociety,”hesays.“Youdon’twantpeopletothinkthatyou’rechildish.”“Ithasn’talwaysbeenthisway,”saysPeterGray,aplayresearcheratBostonUniversity.WhenGrayrevieweddescriptionsofthelastremaininghuntergatherertribes,henoticedthattheywereoftendescribedas“goodhumored”and“joyful”.“Whatwewouldcallwork—huntingandgathering—wasfun,”hesays.“Generallyspeaking,weliketodothethingsthatarenecessaryforoursurvival.Humanstookonegiantstepawayfromfunwhenwestartedplantingcrops.Thenweinventedfactoriesandlostsightofplayentirely,”Grayadds.Wemaybeabletoreversethissituation,saysHarry.Aswefullymakethetransitiontoaknowledgebasedeconomy,workandplayarebeginningtomerge(合并)again.Someoftoday’smostsuccessfulpanies,suchasGoogleandApple,werestartedbypeopletinkering(小修補)intheirgarages.“Playisallaboutlookingatatoughworldwithcreativityandoptimism,”Brownsays.Hegoessofarastodeclarethat“adultplayisnecessaryforoursurvivalasaspecies”.ThenexttimeI’mcaughtplaying,IknowexactlywhatI’llsay,“Iamnotwastingtime,oractingimmature.I’mplayingforthebenefitofallhumanity.You’rewele.”8.WhydoesStuartBrownconsideradultplayessential?A.Itpromotescreativity. B.Itbattlesdepression.CItfacilitatescooperation. D.Itimprovesadaptivity.9.WhatsocietalfactorrestrainsadultplayaccordingtoJeffHarry?A.Fearofjudgmentfromothers. B.Lackofsufficienttimeforleisure.C.Culturalemphasisonpersonalvalues. D.Pressurefromworkrelatedresponsibilities10.WhichstatementwillPeterGrayagreewithaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Adultplaycontributespositivelytowork.B.Socialattitudestowardplayregularlyshift.C.Humansinitiallyfoundjoyinsurvivalactivities.D.Industrializationcloselyconnectedworkandplay.11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tostressthesignificanceofadultplay. B.Todiscusstheevolutionofworkandplay.C.Toadvocateplayfulnessinmodernbusinesses. D.Toexploretheimpactofadultplayondepression.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了成人玩游戲?qū)€體和社會的重要性，呼吁社會重新認識并重視成人玩游戲的作用。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中StuartBrown所說的話“Theoppositeofplayisn’twork;it’sdepression(游戲的反義詞不是工作，而是抑郁)”和“Theadultplayshortageisbeingapublichealthcrisis.(成人游戲的短缺正成為一場公共健康危機)”可知，StuartBrown認為成人玩游戲重要的原因在于它可以對抗抑郁。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中JeffHarry所說的話“Beingaplayfuladultisreallydisapprovedinoursociety(在我們的社會里，做一個愛玩的成年人是不被認可的)”和“Youdon’twantpeopletothinkthatyou’rechildish.(你不想讓別人覺得你幼稚)”可知，JeffHarry認為成人害怕被別人評判的心理導致他們限制自己進行游戲。故選A項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“WhenGrayrevieweddescriptionsofthelastremaininghuntergatherertribes,henoticedthattheywereoftendescribedas“goodhumored”and“joyful”.“Whatwewouldcallwork—huntingandgathering—wasfun,”hesays.(當Gray回顧對最后幸存的狩獵采集部落的描述時，他注意到他們經(jīng)常被描述為“幽默”和“快樂”?！拔覀兯^的工作——狩獵和采集——很有趣，”他說)”和“Generallyspeaking,weliketodothethingsthatarenecessaryforoursurvival.(一般來說，我們喜歡做生存所必需的事情)”可知，PeterGray發(fā)現(xiàn)這些部落在狩獵和采集這樣的生存活動中得到了樂趣，變得幽默而快樂。由此推知，他會贊同“人類最初在生存活動中找到快樂”的觀點。故選C項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合第一段中“Playmayappearinsignificant,butrecentstudiesindicateitmaybeasessentialastheneedforsleep.(玩?？赡芸雌饋砦⒉蛔愕?，但最近的研究表明，它可能和睡眠一樣重要)”可知，文章主要討論了成人玩游戲?qū)€體和社會的重要性。研究表明，游戲不僅可以幫助小動物學會控制自己和環(huán)境，還可以幫助成人對抗抑郁。然而，社會往往并不認可成人玩游戲的行為。但實際上，狩獵采集部落中的工作實際上是有趣而快樂的。由此可知，文章的寫作目的在于強調(diào)成人玩游戲的重要性。故選A項。DTheclimatecrisismayleadthehumanracetoshrinkinsize,asmammalswithsmallerframesappearbetterabletodealwithrisingglobaltemperatures,aleadingfossilexperthassaid.ProfessorSteveBrusatte,apalaeontologistattheUniversityofEdinburgh,suggestedthatthewayinwhichothermammalshavepreviouslyrespondedtoperiodsofclimatechangecouldofferaninsightintohumans’future.Heparedthepotentialproblemofpeopleassimilartothatofearlyhorses,whichbecamesmallerinbodysizeastemperaturesrosearound55millionyearsago.WritinginTheRiseandReignoftheMammals,Brusattenotesthatanimalsinwarmerpartsoftheworldtodayareoftensmallerthanthoseincolderareas,anecologicalprincipleknownasBergmann’srule.“Thereasonsarenotentirelyunderstood,butitisprobably,inpart,becausesmalleranimalshaveahighersurfacearearelativetotheirvolumethanbiggeranimalsandcanthusimprovethedissipationoftheextraheat,”hewrites.Brusattesaidthatbeingsmallerwas“amonwaythatmammalsdealwithclimatechange”.Headded,“That’snottosayeveryspeciesofmammalwouldgetsmaller,butitseemstobeamonsurvivaltrickofmammalswhentemperaturesriseprettyquickly.Thatdoesraisethequestion:Iftemperaturesdorisereallyquickly,mighthumansgetsmaller?AndIthinkthat’scertainlyreasonable.”However,notallexpertsagreethatrisingtemperaturecausesmammalstoshrink.ProfessorAdrianLister,oftheNaturalHistoryMuseuminLondon,saidtherelationshipshownbytherecenthumanremainsstudyisweak.“Wearenotreallycontrolledbynaturalselection,”hesaid.“Ifthatwasgoingtohappen,you’dneedtofindlargepeopledyingbeforetheycouldreproducebecauseofclimatewarming.Thatisnothappeningintoday’sworld.Wewearclothes,wehavegotheating,wehavegotairconditioningifitistoohot.”12.HowdomammalscopewithclimatechangeaccordingtoBrusatte?A.Movingtocolderregions. B.Reducingtheirbodysize.C.Losingtheirweight. D.Adaptingtheirdiet.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dissipation”inParagraph3mean?A.Exchange. B.Formation. C.Absorption. D.Emission.14.WhatisAdrianLister’sattitudetowardstherecentstudy?A.Worried. B.Objective. C.Skeptical. D.Approving.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthistext?A.TheThreatofClimateChangetoHumanSurvivalBTheImpactofClimateChangeonMammalBodySizesC.TheEvolutionaryTrendsinMammalBodySizesD.TheAdaptiveStrategiesofMammalstoClimateChange【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇議論文。文章本文探討了氣候變化對哺乳動物尤其是人類的體型的影響?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Theclimatecrisismayleadthehumanracetoshrinkinsize,asmammalswithsmallerframesappearbetterabletodealwithrisingglobaltemperatures,aleadingfossilexperthassaid.(一位著名化石專家表示，氣候危機可能會導致人類體型縮小，因為體型較小的哺乳動物似乎更能應對不斷上升的全球氣溫。)”及第四段中“Brusattesaidthatbeingsmallerwas‘a(chǎn)monwaythatmammalsdealwithclimatechange’.(Brusatte說，變小是“哺乳動物應對氣候變化的一種常見方式”。)”可知，根據(jù)Brusatte的說法，哺乳動物減小體型來應對氣候變化。故選B項?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞句前文“WritinginTheRiseandReignoftheMammals,Brusattenotesthatanimalsinwarmerpartsoftheworldtodayareoftensmallerthanthoseincolderareas,anecologicalprincipleknownasBergmann’srule.(在《哺乳動物興起和統(tǒng)治》一書中，Brusatte指出，當今世界上溫暖地區(qū)的動物通常比寒冷地區(qū)的動物要小，這是一個被稱為Bergmann法則的生態(tài)原則。)”和劃線詞句中“Thereasonsarenotentirelyunderstood,butitisprobably,inpart,becausesmalleranimalshaveahighersurfacearearelativetotheirvolumethanbiggeranimals(原因尚不完全清楚，但可能在一定程度上是因為比較起更大的動物，較小的動物相對于其體積有更高的表面積)”可知，體型較小的動物比體型較大的動物更容易散熱，從而推知劃線部分“andcanthusimprovethedissipationoftheextraheat(從而可以提高額外熱量的dissipation)”其中劃線部分意思是“散發(fā)”。故選D項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“However,notallexpertsagreethatrisingtemperaturecausesmammalstoshrink.ProfessorAdrianLister,oftheNaturalHistoryMuseuminLondon,saidtherelationshipshownbytherecenthumanremainsstudyisweak.(然而，并不是所有的專家都認為氣溫升高會導致哺乳動物體型縮小。倫敦自然歷史博物館的AdrianLister教授說，最近的人類遺骸研究顯示的這種關系很弱。)”以及“Thatisnothappeningintoday’sworld.(這在今天的世界是不會發(fā)生的。)”等內(nèi)容可知，AdrianLister對最近的研究持懷疑態(tài)度。故選C項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段“Theclimatecrisismayleadthehumanracetoshrinkinsize,asmammalswithsmallerframesappearbetterabletodealwithrisingglobaltemperatures,aleadingfossilexperthassaid.(一位著名化石專家表示，氣候危機可能會導致人類體型縮小，因為體型較小的哺乳動物似乎更能應對不斷上升的全球氣溫。)”可知，本文探討了氣候變化對哺乳動物尤其是人類的體型的影響。B“氣候變化對哺乳動物體型的影響”符合主題，故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。It’ssummer.You’reonyourfavouritebeachtowel,afriendbesideyou.You’rebothabsorbedinbooks,occasionallytakingsipsofwater.Butwhathappenswhenit’stimetoheadhome?Willyoucarryonreadingtogetherlater?Generallyspeaking,readingtendstobeseenasasolitary(孤獨的)pastime.___16___However,thebenefitsofsharingtheexperiencearenumerousandworthstickingwiththroughouttheyear.___17___Forexample,youdon’thavetobrainstormtoorganizeaconversation,becauseyoubothhaveabookinyourhands.Youcangetlostinyourbookwithoutworryingaboutseemingrudebynotkeepingupaconstantstreamofchatter.Asyoubothenterthesamestate,yourbloodpressurewillgodown,muscletensionwillease,andyourworrieswillfadeaway.Alltheseputyouatease.___18___Aquietcorneroftheplayground,ablanketspreadoutonthegrassinthegarden,oranycalmspacewhereyoufeelrelaxedwilldo.Spendingtimetogetherreadingcanstrengthenfriendships.Asyouturnthepages,youmightdiscoverinterestingfactstopassalongorfunnyanecdotetogiggle(咯咯笑)over.Sometimes,you’lleacrossmoreseriousthemes,suchaslosingalovedoneoracherishedpet,orfacinganyoneoflife’smanychallenges.___19___Readingfictionhasbeenshowntoenhanceempathy(同理心),whichistheabilitytounderstandandsharethefeelingsofanother.Asyouknow,novelsallowustolivecountlessexperiencesthroughtheircharacters,whichwillresultinheightenedsensitivity.___20___Forexample,aperson’sempatheticresponseincreasesasheemergesfrombeingimmersedinastory.A.Readingwithothersisfortinginmanyways.B.Andthissensitivitycanleadtoanimmediateimpact.C.Readingcansurelybringthejoyofrelaxationtopeople.D.Besides,youdon’tneedtofindaspecificplacetogetintothiszone.E.Soitmightseemunusualtopulloutanovelinthepanyofothers.F.Readinginpairmayhelpyouandyourfriendstaymoremittedtoreading.G.Discussingthesethemescanhelpdeepenthebondbetweenyouandyourfriend.【答案】16.E17.A18.D19.G20.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了共同閱讀的好處。【16題詳解】上文“Willyoucarryonreadingtogetherlater?Generallyspeaking,readingtendstobeseenasasolitary(孤獨的)pastime.(你們以后會繼續(xù)一起讀書嗎？一般來說，閱讀往往被視為一種孤獨的消遣)”講閱讀往往被視為一種孤獨的消遣，說明共同閱讀不常見，下文“However,thebenefitsofsharingtheexperiencearenumerousandworthstickingwiththroughouttheyear.(然而，分享經(jīng)驗的好處是多方面的，值得全年堅持)”講這種共同閱讀的經(jīng)歷好處多多，該空內(nèi)容應與“共同閱讀不常見”相關，與下文也形成轉(zhuǎn)折，表明共同閱讀雖不常見，但好處多多，E選項“因此，在別人的陪伴下讀一本小說似乎很不尋常。”切合語境。故選E項?！?7題詳解】設空處是段首句，為本段的主旨句。下文“Forexample,youdon’thavetobrainstormtoorganizeaconversation,becauseyoubothhaveabookinyourhands.Youcangetlostinyourbookwithoutworryingaboutseemingrudebynotkeepingupaconstantstreamofchatter.Asyoubothenterthesamestate,yourbloodpressurewillgodown,muscletensionwillease,andyourworrieswillfadeaway.Alltheseputyouatease.(例如，你們不必集思廣益來組織對話，因為你們手里都有一本書。你可以迷失在你的書中，而不用擔心不停地閑聊會顯得粗魯。當你們進入相同的狀態(tài)時，你們的血壓會下降，肌肉緊張會緩解，你們的擔憂也會消失。所有這些都讓你放心)”列舉了共同閱讀的多種好處，A選項“和別人一起閱讀在很多方面都令人感到欣慰。”引出下文，A項中的“isfortinginmanyways”能夠概括本段中提到的多種好處。故選A項?！?8題詳解】由下文“Aquietcorneroftheplayground,ablanketspreadoutonthegrassinthegarden,oranycalmspacewhereyoufeelrelaxedwilldo.(操場上一個安靜的角落，在花園的草地上鋪一條毯子，或者任何你感到放松的平靜空間都可以這樣做)”可知，共同閱讀并不限制場地，一個安靜的地方就行，D選項“此外，你不必找一個特定的地方來進入這種狀態(tài)?！蹦芤鹣挛牡睦?。故選D項?！?9題詳解】由上文“Spendingtimetogetherreadingcanstrengthenfriendships.(花時間一起閱讀可以加強友誼)”可知共同閱讀可以加強友誼，再結(jié)合上文“Sometimes,you’lleacrossmoreseriousthemes,suchaslosingalovedoneoracherishedpet,orfacinganyoneoflife’smanychallenges.(有時，你會遇到更嚴重的主題，比如失去親人或心愛的寵物，或者面臨生活中的任何一個挑戰(zhàn))”講共同閱讀時會碰到的更嚴重的主題，可知該空應該講共同閱讀下這些主題會對加強友誼所起到的積極作用，G選項“討論這些主題有助于加深你和朋友之間的聯(lián)系?！鼻泻险Z境。故選G項。【20題詳解】上文“Asyouknow,novelsallowustolivecountlessexperiencesthroughtheircharacters,whichwillresultinheightenedsensitivity.(正如你所知，小說讓我們通過小說中的人物來體驗無數(shù)的經(jīng)歷，這將提高我們的敏感度)”提到了小說閱讀將提高我們的敏感度，下文“Forexample,aperson’sempatheticresponseincreasesasheemergesfrombeingimmersedinastory.(例如，當一個人沉浸在故事中時，他的移情反應會增加)”講了高敏感度產(chǎn)生的影響：人的移情反應會增加，B選項“這種敏感性會立即產(chǎn)生影響?！鼻泻险Z境。故選B項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iamemployedinaneducationalinstitution.Followingthe___21___ofthestudentseachday,adelightfulyoungwomannamedClaireoftenarrivestocleantheclassroomsandoffices.Onceaweek,I___22___afterhours,doingsomeextrawork.SoIoftenchatforafewminuteswithher.Shealwaysmakesmefeelgoodbecauseshe’sagoodlistenerandwillingtotalkaboutherchildren.Our___23___areconsistentlyenjoyable.Lastweek,sheseemedunlikeher___24___self.Shetoldmethatherhusbandhadbeen___25___,leavingthemworriedabouttheirfinancial___26___.Laterthatweek,whileIwasinadepartmentstore,myattentionwasdrawntotheshelveslinedwithsunglasses.After___27___variouspairs,Idiscoveredtheidealsunglasses.AsIadmiredmy___28___,itoccurredtomethatClairewouldlookgreatwhilewearingthem.___29___withmycurrentpair,IpurchasedthesunglassesforClaire.Eagertosurpriseher,Iplacedtheminanelegantbagand____30____puttheminherclosetforherdiscovery.Thefollowingday,Clairewaschattingwithacoworkerasshe____31____thecloset.Upon____32____thebagandtakingoutthesunglassesandaSmileCard,herfacelitupwithjoy.Sheexpressedthatithadbeendayssinceshehadreasontosmileandthatthisactofkindness____33____herspirits.Shepennedanoteexpressinghergratitudeformyheartwarming____34____.Choosingtogiftherthesunglassesinsteadofmyselfbroughtmemuchsatisfaction.Ieagerly____35____creatingmoremomentsofjoy.21.A.exit B.queue C.guidance D.plan22.A.wait B.work C.remain D.think23.A.trips B.jobs C.conversations D.arrangements24.A.regular B.calm C.worried D.usual25.A.rewarded B.dismissed C.blamed D.forted26.A.aid B.stability C.report D.support27.A.wearingout B.puttingaside C.takingup D.tryingon28.A.reflection B.mirror C.ambition D.decision29.A.Bored B.Content C.Familiar D.Careful30.A.occasionally B.cautiously C.secretly D.accurately31.A.approached B.closed C.found D.removed32.A.covering B.hiding C.receiving D.spotting33.A.maintained B.struck C.restored D.lifted34.A.preparation B.ment C.gesture D.award35.A.anticipate B.doubt C.imagine D.admit【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.D25.B26.B27.D28.A29.B30.C31.A32.D33.D34.C35.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者購買太陽鏡作為禮物送給同事Claire，使她感到驚喜和感激，文章強調(diào)了善意和同理心的重要性?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每天學生們離開后，一位名叫克萊爾的可愛的年輕女子經(jīng)常來打掃教室和辦公室。A.exit出口、離去；B.queue隊列；C.guidance指導；D.plan計劃。由下文“adelightfulyoungwomannamedClaireoftenarrivestocleantheclassroomsandoffices”可知，學生放學離開之后打掃衛(wèi)生。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每周一次，我下班后留下來做一些額外的工作。A.wait等待；B.work工作；C.remain留下；D.think認為。由上文語境和下文“doingsomeextrawork”可知，學生放學離開之后，作者下班后留下來做些額外的工作。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的談話總是令人愉快。A.trips旅途；B.jobs工作；C.conversations對話；D.arrangements安排。由上文“SoIoftenchatforafewminuteswithher.(所以我經(jīng)常和她聊幾分鐘)”可知，此處指作者和Claire的交談。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：上周，她似乎和往常不一樣了。A.regular定期的；B.calm冷靜的；C.worried擔憂的；D.usual通常的。由上文“eachday,adelightfulyoungwomannamedClaireoftenarrivestocleantheclassroomsandoffices(每天，一位名叫克萊爾的可愛的年輕女子經(jīng)常來打掃教室和辦公室)”和本處語境可知，此處指上周Claire似乎不像平時那樣快樂。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她告訴我，她的丈夫被解雇了，這讓他們擔心自己的財務穩(wěn)定。A.rewarded獎勵；B.dismissed解雇；C.blamed責備；D.forted安慰。由下文“l(fā)eavingthemworriedabouttheirfinancial”可知，應該是因為Claire的丈夫被解雇了，所以他們很擔心經(jīng)濟問題。故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她告訴我，她的丈夫被解雇了，這讓他們擔心自己的財務穩(wěn)定。A.aid幫助；B.stability穩(wěn)定；C.report報告；D.support支持。由本處語境可知，此處指因為Claire的丈夫被解雇了，Claire