08必修二Unit4Exploringliterature背誦清單（含練習(xí)與答案）-2025年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)能力提升全囊括（譯林版2020）

必修二Unit4Exploringliterature知識(shí)背誦清單一、背重點(diǎn)單詞1.___________________vt.&vi.喚起，被喚起；(使)醒來(lái)2.___________________vt.使(船)下水；開始從事3.___________________vt.包含，含有，容納4.___________________n.總結(jié)，概括，概要5.___________________n.特色，特征vt.以……為特色6.___________________adj.特定的；明確的，具體的7.___________________adv.因此，所以8.___________________n.重要議題，爭(zhēng)論的問(wèn)題vt.宣布，公布9.___________________adj.吝嗇的，小氣的；不善良的10.___________________n.章節(jié)；篇章11.___________________n.舞臺(tái)；階段；步驟vt.上演，舉辦12.___________________vt.擊敗，戰(zhàn)勝n.失敗，戰(zhàn)?。粨魯?3.___________________vt.&n.努力，嘗試，試圖14.___________________vt.挺直；(使)變直，變正15.___________________adv.在……旁邊；與……一起16.___________________n.閃光；閃現(xiàn)vt.&vi.(使)閃光；(使)閃現(xiàn)答案：1.awaken2.launch3.contain4.summary5.feature6.specific7.therefore8.issue9.mean10.chapter二、用核心詞匯1.literaturen.文學(xué)，文學(xué)作品→___________________adj.文學(xué)的2.appealvi.有吸引力；申訴；呼吁n.吸引力；申訴；呼吁→___________________adj.有感染力的；有吸引力的3.determinev.確定；支配；決心vi.決心→___________________adj.堅(jiān)定的；堅(jiān)決的；果斷的→___________________n.決心；果斷；決定4.significantadj.有重要意義的，顯著的→___________________n.意義；重要性5.describevt.描述；形容；把……稱為→___________________n.描述，形容，說(shuō)明6.reflectvt.&vi.反映，顯示；映出(影像);反射(聲、光、熱等);沉思→___________________n.反映；顯示；表達(dá)7.capableadj.有能力，有才能；能力強(qiáng)的→___________________adj.沒(méi)有能力→___________________n.能力；才能8.universen.宇宙；世界→___________________adj.普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的→_____________adv.普遍地9.particularadj.特別的；格外的；特指的；挑剔的→___________________adv.特殊地；特別地10.collectvt.收集→___________________n.收藏品；作品集；募捐11.transportvt.運(yùn)輸，運(yùn)送n.交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)；交通車輛；運(yùn)輸→____________________n.交通；運(yùn)輸12.generousadj.慷慨的，大方的→___________________n.慷慨，大方，寬宏大量13.poemn.詩(shī)→____________________n.詩(shī)人→___________________n.詩(shī)集，詩(shī)歌14.biographyn.傳記，傳記作品→___________________n.自傳15.extremeadj.極端的；極度的→____________________adv.極其，非常，極端16.destroyvt.摧毀，毀滅，破壞→___________________n.破壞；毀壞→__________adj.毀壞性的；破壞性的17.acplishvt.完成→___________________n.成就；完成18.confusevt.使困惑→___________________adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混亂的→___________________adj.令人困惑的；難懂的→___________________n.困惑答案：1.literary2.appealing3.determined;determination4.significance5.description6.reflection7.incapable;capability8.universal;universally9.particularly10.collection11.transportation12.generosity13.poet;poetry14.autobiography15.extremely16.destruction;destructive17.acplishment18.confused;confusing;confusion【語(yǔ)境活用】1.Fromthe___________________expressiononhisface,weknewthathewas___________________totakeupthejob,whichneededgreatpatienceand___________________.(determine)2.ThescientiststhinkTom'sinventionisofgreat___________________,becauseitis___________________tocurethepatientsofdeadlydisease.(significant)3.He___________________therobberyindetailtothepolicemanandhis____________________wasveryvaluable—thepolicecaughttherobberinashorttime.(describe)4.Someflowersare___________________intheriverandthe___________________isverybeautiful.(reflect)5.Theboyis___________________interestedinmakingmodelplanesbutheisnot___________________aboutwhatheeats.(particular)6.Georgeisafamous________________who__________ancientcoinsandantiques.Hisprivate__________areworthalargersumofmoney.(collect)答案：1.determined;determined;determination2.significance;significant3.described;description4.reflected;reflection5.particularly;particular6.collector;collects;collections三、記高頻詞匯1.appealvi.有吸引力；申訴；呼吁n.吸引力；申訴；呼吁背詞條用法(1)appealtosb.對(duì)某人有吸引力；使某人感興趣appealtosb.for..為……向某人呼吁或請(qǐng)求appealtosb.todosth.懇求/呼吁某人做某事(2)makeanappealtosb.for..為……向某人呼吁或請(qǐng)求makeanappealtosb.todosth.呼吁/懇求某人做某事背寫作佳句①ThegovernmentappealedtoInternationalRedCrosstohelppeoplesufferingfromthefloods.政府呼吁國(guó)際紅十字會(huì)幫助在洪水中受災(zāi)的群眾。②Therefore,wemakeanappealtoeveryonetokeepawayfromdrugsandcherishourlives.因此，我們呼吁大家遠(yuǎn)離毒品，珍愛(ài)生命。2.determinevt.確定；支配；決心vi.決心背詞條用法(1)determinetodosth.下決心做某事(表示動(dòng)作)determineon/upon(doing)sth.決定(做)某事(2)bedeterminedtodosth.決心做某事(表示狀態(tài))(3)withdetermination果斷地；堅(jiān)定地背寫作佳句①(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Iamfullyconvincedthataslongaswedeterminetomakethemostoftheonlineresourceswewillbeesmartonlinelearners.我完全相信，只要我們決心充分利用在線資源，就會(huì)成為明智的在線學(xué)習(xí)者。②(2020·浙江7月高考)Iamdeterminedtoperformwellinthefinalexam,soI'moccupiedinpreparingforit.我下決心在期末考試中好好發(fā)揮，所以我正忙著準(zhǔn)備考試。3.significantadj.有重要意義的，顯著的背詞條用法(1)besignificantfor對(duì)……是重要的besignificant=beofsignificance有意義；重要(2)beof(great/little/no)significance有(重大/很小/無(wú))意義；(非常/不太/不)重要attachsignificanceto...認(rèn)為……重要背寫作佳句①NomatterhowtheSpringFestivalcustomschange,itisstillverysignificantfortheChinesepeople.無(wú)論春節(jié)習(xí)俗如何變化，它對(duì)中國(guó)人民來(lái)說(shuō)仍然有重大意義。②(2021·浙江6月高考)Thisexhibitionofstudents'traditionalChinesepaintingsisofgreatsignificance,forwecanunderstandtheartoftraditionalChinesepaintingbetter這次學(xué)生國(guó)畫展意義重大，因?yàn)槲覀兛梢愿玫亓私鈬?guó)畫藝術(shù)。4.descriptionn.描述，形容，說(shuō)明背詞條用法(1)beyonddescription無(wú)法形容，無(wú)法描述(2)describesth.tosb.向某人描述某事describe...as...把……描述為/稱為……背寫作佳句①(2021·天津高考)ItisthoughtthatthesceneryoftheWestLakeisbeautifulbeyonddescription.人們認(rèn)為西湖的景色美得無(wú)法形容。②HeisroutinelydescribedasthegreatestscientistsinceEinstein.他通常被稱為繼愛(ài)因斯坦之后最偉大的科學(xué)家。5.reflectvt.&vi.反映，顯示；映出(影像);反射(聲、光、熱等);沉思；思考背詞條用法(1)reflect...in..在……中映出……的影像reflectsth.fromsth.從某物(表面)反射(聲、光、熱等)reflecton/uponsth.思考某事(2)belostinreflection陷入沉思中背寫作佳句①(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Asthesmallboatmovedgentlyalongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.當(dāng)小船沿著河邊輕輕移動(dòng)時(shí)，群山靜靜地倒映在水中，這幅畫面令他一時(shí)說(shuō)不出話來(lái)。②Onlyifyouspendtimereflectingon/uponyourlifeandworkwillyouhaveabrightfuture.你只有花時(shí)間反思自己的生活和工作，才會(huì)有一個(gè)光明的未來(lái)。6.capableadj.有能力，有才能；能力強(qiáng)的背詞條用法(1)becapableof...有能力………(2)thecapabilitytodosth./ofdoingsth.做某事的能力背寫作佳句①AnyonekeenonEnglishwritingandcapableofwordprocessingisexpectedtoapply.任何熱衷于英語(yǔ)寫作和有文字處理能力的人都可以申請(qǐng)。②Theresearchshowsthatpreschoolchildrenhavethecapabilityofthinkinginabstractterms.研究表明，學(xué)齡前兒童具有抽象思維能力。③Heistooyoungtohavethecapabilitytocarehimself.他太小了，沒(méi)有能力照顧自己。7.containvt.包含，含有，容納背詞條用法(1)containoneself克制自己；自制(2)sth.included或includingsth.包括某物背寫作佳句①Afterthemeal,aluckycharmandaredpocketwhichcontainsluckymoneywillbegiventoeveryoneandsomeluckywordsaresaidtoeachother.飯后，每個(gè)人都會(huì)收到一個(gè)吉祥飾物和一個(gè)裝著好運(yùn)錢的紅包，并互相說(shuō)一些吉利話。②Thecontainercontainsmanykindsoffruits,includingapineapple/apineappleincluded.這個(gè)容器里盛放著許多種水果，其中包括菠蘿。8.featuren.特色，特征vt.以……為特色，是……的特征背詞條用法featuresb./sth.as以……為特色；由……主演……featureinsth.起重要作用；占重要地位背寫作佳句①(2021·浙江6月高考)TheannualtraditionalChinesepaintingexhibitionheldinourschoolfeaturesstudents’works.由我們學(xué)校舉辦的一年一度的國(guó)畫展覽以學(xué)生的作品為主。②Torespecttheoldandtolovetheyoungisakeyfeatureofourcountry.尊老愛(ài)幼是我們國(guó)家的一個(gè)重要特征。9.meanadj.吝嗇的，小氣的；不善良的，刻薄的v.打算；意味著背詞條用法(1)bemeanwithsth.在……方面吝嗇bemeantosb.對(duì)某人刻薄(2)meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味著做……背寫作佳句①TheMastersaid,“Thesuperiormaniseasytoserveanddifficulttoplease.Themeanmanisdifficulttoserve,andeasytoplease.”子曰：“君子易事而難說(shuō)也。小人難事而易說(shuō)也。”②WearesupposedtolearnEnglishwellbecausehavingagoodmandofEnglishmeansmoreopportunitiesinthefuture.我們應(yīng)該學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，因?yàn)檎莆蘸糜⒄Z(yǔ)意味著在未來(lái)有更多的機(jī)會(huì)。10.attemptvt.&n.努力，嘗試，試圖背詞條用法(1)attempttodosth.努力做某事，試圖做某事(2)makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth.試圖做某事atthefirstattempt第一次嘗試背寫作佳句①(2019·全國(guó)卷I)HearingyouarehostingaChinesepaintingexhibition,Iattempttoapplytobeavolunteerfortheevent.得知你們要舉辦中國(guó)畫展覽，我想要申請(qǐng)成為這次活動(dòng)的志愿者。②Therewasnosignalinthatfarawayvillageandallmyattemptstocontactyoufailed.在那個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的村莊里沒(méi)有信號(hào)，我所有聯(lián)系你的嘗試都失敗了。11.straightenvt.挺直；(使)變直，變正背詞條用法(1)straightenup直起來(lái)；挺直straightenup=tidyup整理，收拾整齊(2)getsth.straight明確某事；把某事弄清楚(3)straightaway立即，馬上背寫作佳句①(2021·浙江1月高考)Iwasabletostraightenupwiththehugepumpkinrestingonmyshoulders.肩上扛著一個(gè)巨大的南瓜，我終于挺直了身子。②Heisdeterminedtostraightenupandmakehimselfusefultothecountry.他決心改過(guò)自新，讓自己成為一個(gè)對(duì)國(guó)家有用的人。四、短語(yǔ)再現(xiàn)1.___________________驚奇地 2.___________________一系列，各種3.___________________即將發(fā)生(在某人身上),等待著(某人) 4.___________________努力做……5.___________________總之 6.___________________引起某人的注意7.___________________在……面前；有……在場(chǎng) 8.___________________具有；呈現(xiàn)；承擔(dān)9.___________________總的來(lái)說(shuō) 10.___________________憑借，利用11.___________________致力，專心，獻(xiàn)身 12.___________________尤其，特別13.___________________半途，部分地 14.___________________保持某人頭腦清醒15.___________________(頭腦)清醒；使整潔 16.___________________正要做某事17.___________________再一次答案：1.withwonder2.arangeof3.instore(forsb.)4.makeanefforttodo5.inaword6.bring.toone'sattention7.inthepresenceof8.takeon9.insummary10.drawon11.devoteoneselfto12.inparticular13.partway14.keepone'sheadclear15.clearup16.beonthepointofdoingsth.17.oncemore短語(yǔ)活用1.devoteoneselfto致力，專心，獻(xiàn)身背相關(guān)短語(yǔ)(1)devote...to...把……奉獻(xiàn)于……;把……專注于……bedevotedto...專心于……;奉獻(xiàn)于……(2)devotionto...對(duì)……的奉獻(xiàn)背寫作佳句①(2019·全國(guó)卷I)IfIamchosen,Iwilldevotemyselftobeingaqualifiedvolunteer.如果被選中，我將致力于成為一名合格的志愿者。②(2020·全國(guó)卷I)Everybodyspokeinpraiseofherdevotiontothecauseofeducation.大家異口同聲地稱贊她對(duì)教育事業(yè)的奉獻(xiàn)。2.drawon/upon憑借，利用，依賴背相關(guān)短語(yǔ)drawup起草；停住drawin到達(dá)；進(jìn)站；吸引；吸入drawback退卻，撤回drawaconclusion得出結(jié)論drawone'sattention吸引某人的注意/關(guān)注背寫作佳句①(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Wecandrawupon/onvariousonlineresourcestolearnwhereverweareatanytime.我們可以利用各種在線資源，隨時(shí)隨地學(xué)習(xí)。②Fromthechartwecandrawaconclusionthatmostofthepeoplewereagainstthisplan.從圖表中我們可以得出結(jié)論，大多數(shù)人反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃。3.inparticular尤其，特別背相關(guān)短語(yǔ)beparticularabout對(duì)……講究/挑剔背寫作佳句①Ourgovernmentattachesgreatimportancetoallaspectsofdevelopment,educationinparticular.我們的政府非常重視各方面的發(fā)展，尤其是教育。②(2018·全國(guó)卷I)Asisknowntousall,theChineseareratherparticularabouttablemanners.眾所周知，中國(guó)人非常講究餐桌禮儀。4.clearup(頭腦)清醒；使整潔，清理；轉(zhuǎn)晴；解決背相關(guān)短語(yǔ)clearaway把……清除掉(以留出空間)clearoff離開；逃離；逃跑clearout把……清空；清理；丟掉背寫作佳句①WhenIwokeup,itwasbroaddaylight.Theweatherhadclearedup,thesunwasstreamingdownandtheseawascalm.當(dāng)我醒來(lái)的時(shí)候已是大白天了。天氣放晴了，陽(yáng)光普照，海面也平靜了。②Afterthebowlsanddisheswereclearedaway,thechildrensatatthetable,playingwithbuildingblocks.碗碟收拾好后，孩子們?cè)谧琅宰聛?lái)玩積木。5.beonthepointofdoingsth.正要做某事背相關(guān)短語(yǔ)beonthepointofdoing..when正要做……這時(shí)……atonepoint曾經(jīng)，一度offthepoint離題，偏題tothepoint簡(jiǎn)明，恰當(dāng)；簡(jiǎn)潔中肯的Thereisnopoint(in)doingsth.做某事是沒(méi)有意義的背寫作佳句①Iwasonthepointofgivingupthesearchwhensomethinginthebushescaughtmyeyes.我正準(zhǔn)備放棄搜索，這時(shí)灌木叢中有什么東西吸引住了我的目光。②Heexplainedpatientlywhenthediscussiongotoffthepoint.在討論離題時(shí)，他就耐心地進(jìn)行解釋。知識(shí)背誦檢測(cè)I.單詞拼寫1.Thebuildingwaspletely_____________(破壞)byfire.2.Thecountry_____________(發(fā)動(dòng))anationalcampaignagainstairpollution.3.Althoughthisdrinkdoesn't_____________(包含)anyalcohol,itisn'tfitforchildren.4.Theteacheraskedthestudentstowritedownthe______________(總結(jié))onthepaper.5.Themostdistinguishing_____________(特色)ofKoreanfoodisthespiciness.6.Aperson'ssuccessliesinchanginghimselfinsteadof_____________(擊敗)others.Ⅱ.語(yǔ)境辨義(寫出加黑部分的漢語(yǔ)意思)1.Themanagerisnowinneedofacapableassistanttotakecareofproblemsinhisabsence._____________2.AlthoughthereismorefemaleparticipationinITworkforce,thereremainsasignificantimbalancebetweenmaleandfemaleseniorpositions._____________3.Theissueofprotectingculturalheritagesisofsuchimportancethatwecannotaffordtoignoreit_____________4.Toreadwithoutreflectingislikeeatingwithoutdigesting._____________5.(熟詞生義)Youcanlaunchprogramsanddocumentsfromyourkeyboard._____________6.(熟詞生義)Thegovernmentwarnedthatpolicewouldtaketoughermeasurestocontainthetrouble._____________Ⅲ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.It'struethatonceyouformedabadhabit,you'llfindit______________(extreme)difficulttogetoutofit2.SpendingtheholidaysinBritainwasn'tparticularly_____________(appeal)tome.3.Hewas_____________(determine)tobuildanewlifeoutoftheruinsofhiscareer.4.Itisthefirstdrugthatseemstohaveavery_____________(significance)effectonthisdisease.5._____________(describe)ofthemoonisoneoftheuniquecharacteristicsinancientChinesepoems.6.Theideathatsoftwareiscapable_____________anytaskisbroadlytrueintheory.7.Thisquestionmustbebroughtuptimeandagaininthehopeofattracting_____________(universe)attention.IV.選詞填空devoteoneselfto,arangeof,reflecton/upon,inthepresenceof,partway,keepone'sheadclear,oncemore,instorefor,containoneself1.Youcan_____________for4—10hoursafterexercise.2.Theshychildwasinalittlenervousstate_____________thenewteacher.3.Soundengineersuse__________________________techniquestoenhancethequalityoftherecordings.4.Nobodycanexactlypredictwhatthefutureholds___________________________us.5.Theaccidentraisesquestionsaboutthesafetyoftheplan__________________________.6.Shecouldnownolonger__________________________,andwasconvincedthatsomedisasterwasimpending.7.Peoplecanoftenlookbackand__________________________happychildhoodmemories.8.Shegladlygaveupherparttimejobto__________________________herartentirely.9.Shewasonthehillside,__________________________up,tiredandhungry.V.關(guān)聯(lián)詞匯用準(zhǔn)用活1.用活——同義試試看(用本單元詞匯替換黑體詞匯)①Hereliesonhischildhoodmemoriesforthematerialofhisnovel._____________②Inconclusion,Chinashouldbeeamajoreconomicpowerhouseinthenextcentury._____________③Ifwe'dallworktogether,Ithinkwecouldattainourgoal._____________④Peoplearepuzzledaboutallthedifferentlabelsonfoodthesedays._____________⑤Thetransportservicecannotcopewiththepressureofsomanyadditionalpassengers._____________2.用準(zhǔn)——易錯(cuò)對(duì)對(duì)碰(1)confusedVSconfusing①Iwouldoftenget_____________(confuse)whe