小學(xué)英語動(dòng)詞及專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

小學(xué)英語動(dòng)詞及專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練動(dòng)詞的定義：表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞叫做動(dòng)詞。表示動(dòng)詞的詞如ask,walk等動(dòng)詞的分類：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞又叫行為動(dòng)詞，能獨(dú)立做謂語：如open，hold,learn系動(dòng)詞又稱連系動(dòng)詞，不能獨(dú)立做謂語，后邊必須接表語組成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，說明主語的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征等：be動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞，主要協(xié)助動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成謂語動(dòng)詞詞組的詞叫做助動(dòng)詞。它本身沒有詞義，和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)，也可構(gòu)成否定或疑問結(jié)構(gòu)：do、will、should、would情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示說話人對(duì)有關(guān)行為或事物的態(tài)度和看法，認(rèn)為其可能、應(yīng)該或必要等。由于詞義不完全，不能單獨(dú)作謂語，要后接動(dòng)詞完成謂語部分：must、can、could、may、will動(dòng)詞的基本形式動(dòng)詞原形：動(dòng)詞未經(jīng)任何變化的原來形式。如：have、cut、see第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在時(shí)：動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成和名詞復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成法相似。A.直接加“s”：read--readsleave---leavesB.以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接加“s”:come--comesclose---closesC.以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾的單詞,加“es”:watch---watchesfix---fixeswash---washesgo--goesD.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，變“y”為“i”,再加“es”:cry---criesE.以“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加“s”:play---plays過去式的變化規(guī)則：A.直接加“ed”：look--lookedwatch---watchedB.以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接加“d”:live--livedlove--lovedC.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，變“y”為“i”,再加“ed”:cry---criedD.以“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加“s”:play---playedE.動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則變化表Infinitive

Pasttense

Infinitive

Pasttense1.am,is

was

2.keep

kept3.are

were

4.let

let5.become

became

6.make

made7.begin

began

8.meet

met9.bite

bit

10.put

put11.blow

blew

12.read

read13.buy

bought

14.ride

rode15.catch

caught

16.run

ran17.come

came

18.say

said19.cost

cost

20.see

saw21.cut

cut

22.sing

sang23.dig

dug

24.sit

sat25.do

did

26.sleep

slept27.draw

drew

28.speak

spoke29.drink

drank

30.sweep

swept31.eat

ate

32.take

tookC．一般疑問句：Did+主語+V+其它DidyoucomefromChina?be(Was,Were)+主語+其它WereyoufromChina?D．特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+did+主語+V+其它Wheredidyoufrom?特殊疑問詞+be(was,were)+主語+其它Wherewerefrom?四、一般將來時(shí)：表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。結(jié)構(gòu)：1.begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形is,am,are放在主語前幫助疑問句；is,am,are后面加上not幫助否定句。2.will+動(dòng)詞原形will放在主語前幫助疑問句，后面接動(dòng)詞用原形；will后面加上not幫助否定句，后面接動(dòng)詞用原形。A.肯定句：主語+will+V+其它Hewilldigahole.主語+begoingto+V+其它Heisgoingtodigahole.B.否定句：主語+willnot+V+其它Hewon’tdigahole.主語+benotgoinggo+V+其它Heisn’tgoingtodigahole.C．一般疑問句：Will+主語+V+其它Willhedigahole?Be(Is,Am,Are)+主語goingto+V+其它Ishegoingtodidahole?D．特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+will+主語+V+其它Whatwillhedo?特殊疑問詞+be(is,am,are)+主語goingto+V+其它Whatishegoingtodo?五、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示過去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。結(jié)構(gòu)：1.be動(dòng)詞(was,were)+動(dòng)詞ing；was,were放在主語前幫助疑問句，后面的動(dòng)詞加ing；was,were后面加上not幫助否定句，后面的動(dòng)詞加ing。A.肯定句:主語+be（was,were）+VingHewasdiggingahole.B.否定句：主語+be（was,were）+not+VingHewasn’tdiggingahole.C.一般疑問句：be（Was,Were）+主語+VingWashediggingahole?D.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+be（was,were）+主語+VingWhatwashedoing（二）時(shí)態(tài)意義與結(jié)構(gòu)一覽表：時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)意義與動(dòng)詞主語 動(dòng)詞形式常用時(shí)間肯定句否定句(特殊)疑問句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。be動(dòng)詞三單isisnot(疑問詞)is+主語always,often,nowusually,sometimes,ever,never,inthemorning’intheafternoon,intheevening,atnight,onSunday,everyonceaweek,twiceamonth,3timesayearIamamnot(疑問詞)am+主語you,復(fù)arearenot(疑問詞)are+主語2.表示經(jīng)常性習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作、興趣愛好或能力。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞所有主語can+Vcannot+V(疑問詞)can+主語+Vmay+Vmaynot+V(疑問詞)may+主語+Vmust+Vmustnot+V(疑問詞)must+主語+Vshould+Vshouldnot+V(疑問詞)should+主語+V行為動(dòng)詞三單Vsdoesn’t+V(疑問詞)does+主語+V非三單Vdon’t+V(疑問詞)do+主語+V3.祈使句be無BeDon’tbeBequick.Don’tbeworried.行為無VDon’t+VListentome.Don’tpush.4.感嘆句Whatamess!Whatabeautifuldesert!Whatbeautifulflowers!Howbeautiful!Howbeautifulthefloweris!Howbeautifultheflowersare!一般過去時(shí)表示過去了的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。be動(dòng)詞單—youwaswasnot(疑問詞)was+主語yesterday,thismorning,beforethat,last…復(fù)+youwerewerenot(疑問詞)were+主語行為所有主語Veddidn’t+V(疑問詞)did+主語+V現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。行為動(dòng)詞三單is+Vingisnot+Ving(疑問詞)is+主語+Vingnow,Listen!Look!Where’sIam+Vingamnot+Ving(疑問詞)am+主語+Vingyou,復(fù)are+Vingarenot+Ving(疑問詞)are+主語+Ving過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。行為單—youwas+Vingwasnot+Ving(疑問詞)was+主語+Vingyesterdaythismorningatthattimeatnine…復(fù)+youwere+Vingwerenot+Ving(疑問詞)were+主語+Ving一般將來時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。1be所有主語will+bewon’t+be(疑問詞)will+主語+betomorrow,thisevening,later,inaminute,afterthat,next…行為Will+Vwon’t+V(疑問詞)Will+主語+V2行為動(dòng)詞三單isgoingto+Visnotgoingto+V(疑問詞)is+主語goingto+VIamgoingto+Vamnotgoingto+V(疑問詞)am+主語goingto+Vyou,復(fù)aregoingto+Varenotgoingto+V(疑問詞)are+主語goingto+V習(xí)題：I______(benot)amiddleschoolstudent.

2．She______(be)inClassSix,GradeOne.We________(be)allYoungpioneers.

3．SamandI________(be)indifferentclasses.

5．There_______(be)amaponthewall.There_______(be)someboatsintheriver.

7．There__________(be)apencil-boxandsomebooksinthebag.

8．There__________(be)twobikesandacarnearthehouse.

9．Ican___________(see)someflowersonthetable.

10.Youmust__________(find)thosethings.

11.______you________(have)anewwatch?

12.Letme_________(see),please.I__________(nothave)awatch.

13.Ithinkhe___________(be)backinaweek.

14.It'stime___________(play)games.

15.Iwant___________(take)somebookstotheclassroo