2022年北京順義區(qū)第四中學(xué)高一英語摸底試卷含解析

2022年北京順義區(qū)第四中學(xué)高一英語摸底試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Manyreportershurriedto________theaccidentafterthefamousactor’sdeathwascertain.A.coverB.seesC.discoverD.write參考答案：A略2.Theofficeorderedhissoldiers________.A.tostandstill

B.tonotstandstillC.notstandstill

D.standstill參考答案：A3.LiuXiangwassofastintheracethatnoonecould____him.A.runfor

B.runagainst

C.runat

D.runafter參考答案：B4.BeforeLiamcrossedthestreet,hestoodwatchingforthetraffic________tochange.A.signal B.sight C.rule D.post參考答案：A5.Thereis_____argumentaboutwhowillbethemonitor.

A.nosuch

B.noso

C.suchno

D.sono參考答案：A略6.Thereissomethingwrongwithhiscomputer，sohewantstohaveit_______．（）A．repairing B．repaired C．torepair D．repairs參考答案：B考查過去分詞，句意：他的電腦出了問題，所以他想把它修好．it和repair之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作賓補．havesb．dosth．讓某人一直做某事，havesb．do讓某人做，havesth．done讓某事被做．7.

--Haveyoumovedintothenewofficebuilding?

--Notyet.It_________.A.isdecorating

B.hasbeendecoratedC.isbeingdecorated

D.hasbeendecorating參考答案：C8.MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself________ofhisowndreams.A．reminding

B．toremindC．reminded

D．remind參考答案：C[考查非謂語動詞。句意：Michael把姚明的圖片張貼在床邊是為了提醒自己要實現(xiàn)自己的夢想。remindsbofsth表示“提醒某人某事”，himself與remind之間是動賓關(guān)系，故用動詞的過去分詞形式。]9.Thewifeis______whatshewearswhilethehusbandpays_______attentiontowhatheeats.A.particularabout;particular

B.especialabout;especiallyC.particularfor;particular

D.especialasto;especial參考答案：A10.Hehas____letterstodealwith.Hehastoworkfrommorningtonight.A.manyof

B.agreatdealof

C.massesof

D.thenumberof參考答案：C11.The______newsmadeallofus______todeath.

A.frightening;frightened

B.frightened;frighteningC.frightening;frightening

D.frightened;frightened參考答案：A略12.Thoughitwasdarkandraininghard,thechildrenwentout____theirlostdog.A.inhonorof

B.incelebrationof

C.indangerof

D.insearchof參考答案：D略13.-----Ididn’tseeyouatTom’sbirthdayparty._________you______?-----No,Iwasillthatday.A.Weren’t,invited

B.Hadn’t,beeninvitedC.Haven’t,beeninvited

D.Hadn’t,invited參考答案：B14.Thedoctorinsistedthatthepatient_______seriouslyillandthatanoperation_______innotime.A.was;becarriedout

B.shouldbe;becarriedoutC.was;wascarriedout

D.shouldbe;wascarriedout參考答案：A15.Whathehadsaidabouttheincidentanddonewithit________ourtrouble.A.addedupto

B.addedto

C.addedup

D.wereaddedto參考答案：B16.____________

theglobalfinancialcrisis,theChinesegovernmenthastakenmanymeasures____________people’slifetodealwithit.A.Facingwith;related

B.Faced;relatingto

C.Facedwith;relating

D.Facing;relatedto參考答案：D17.Thisisareallydifferenthotel_______19floorswiththeroof_______ahanginggarden.A.makingupof;consistedof

B.consistingof;makingupC.consistedof;takingup

D.madeupof;consistingof

參考答案：D【知識歸納】1.consistof---，由---組成（無被動語態(tài)）2.bemadeupof由---組成二、新的題型18.詞語填空根據(jù)句意或所給提示用詞語的正確形式填空(注意：前8個填短語；后7個填單詞)46.Hardworkcanoften_______________alackofintelligence.(彌補智慧上的欠缺)47.Thisisreallyimportantandpleasemakesurethateverythingis______________(記下來).48._______________myhighschoollife(回顧高中生活),Istillrememberthepreciousadvicegivenbymyheadteacher.49.Communicatingmorewiththeirchildrenisaneffectivewayfortheparentstonarrowthe________betweentheirchildrenandthem.50.ThemomentI__________thisbook(偶遇這本書)inthatoldbookstore,Idecidedtobuyit.51.Iwillmeetmyfriendinthecaféatthestreetcorner,wherewecantalkand________witheachother.(敘舊)52.Theyoungmanwhohadsavedthegirlfrombeingdrowned(溺水)________hisbraveactionlater.(因為他的英勇行為而受到表揚)53.Myfather,agreatwriter,achievedgreatsuccess___________(在他四十多歲時).54.D________theterribleweather,thosebraveclimbersmadeittothetopofthemountain.55.Inwesterncountries,peopleusuallyo___________Christmasbygettingtogetherwiththeirfamilyandhavingabigmeal.56.Itissuchanimportanti_______thatwecan’tnotignoreitinanycase.(如此重要的問題)57.Weshouldnevermakerudec____________onpeople’sphysicalappearances.58.Whenhea____________tohismotherforbeinglate,sheforgavehimimmediately.59.Hislegswereshakingwhenhestoodinfrontsomanypeople.O________,hewastoonervousabouthisspeech.60.MyparentsarereallybusynowadaysandIdohopethattheycantakesometime________workandrelax.參考答案：46.makeupfor

47.takendown/writtendown

48.Lookingbackon/to

49.generationgap

50.cameacross

51.catchup

52.was(highly)praisedfor

53.inhisforties

54.Despite

55.observe

56.issue

57.comments

58.apologized/apologised

59.Obviously

60.off【46題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：勤能補拙。makeupfor…補償；彌補，情態(tài)動詞can后接動詞原形，故填makeupfor。【47題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這真的很重要，請確保都寫下來。takedown/writedown"寫下"，everything與takedown/writedown之間是動賓關(guān)系，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故填takendown/writtendown?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：回顧高中生活，我仍然記得班主任給我的寶貴建議。lookbackon/to"回顧；回憶起"，I與look之間是主謂關(guān)系，而句子的謂語是remember，所以此處要非謂語形式，即用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填Lookingbackon/to。【49題詳解】考查名詞。句意：多和孩子交流是父母縮小他們和孩子之間的代溝的有效途徑。generationgap"代溝"。故填generationgap。【50題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：在那家舊書店我一看到這本書，我就決定買它。comeacross"碰到；遇到；無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)"，根據(jù)下文中的decided，所以此處要用一般過去時。故填cameacross?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：我將在街角的咖啡館和我的朋友見面，在那里我們可以談一談，彼此敘舊。catchup"了解近況，敘舊"，情態(tài)動詞can后接動詞原形。故填catchup?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：那個救了溺水女孩的年輕人后來因為他的英勇行為而受到表揚。praisefor因為…贊美，man與praisefor之間是動賓關(guān)系，且事情是在過去發(fā)生，要用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故填was（highly）praisedfor。【53題詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：我父親是一位偉大的作家，在四十多歲時獲得了巨大的成功。inone'sforties在某人四十幾歲時。故填inhisforties?！?4題詳解】考查介詞。句意：雖然天氣很糟糕，那些勇敢的登山者最終達到山頂。根據(jù)句意和首字母提示可知這里使用介詞despite"盡管，雖然"。故填Despite。【55題詳解】考查動詞。句意：在西方國家，人們通常通過與家人聚會和吃大餐來慶祝圣誕節(jié)。根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)，要填入動詞，表示慶祝，根據(jù)狀語usually，要用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填observe?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這是一個非常重要的問題，無論如何我們都不能忽視它。根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)，要填入名詞表問題，且不定冠詞an后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。故填issue?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。句意：我們決不應(yīng)該對人們的外表做出粗魯?shù)脑u論。根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)，要填入評論，makecommentson發(fā)表評論。故填comments?！?8題詳解】考查動詞。句意：當(dāng)他因遲到向他母親道歉時，她立即原諒了他。根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)，要填入動詞，與下文中的forgave原諒?fù)x，且要用一般過去時。故填apologized/apologised?！?9題詳解】考查副詞。句意：當(dāng)他站在這么多人面前時，他的腿在發(fā)抖。顯然，他對演講太緊張。根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)，要填入顯然地，副詞修飾句子。故填Obviously?！?0題詳解】考查介詞。句意：我父母現(xiàn)在真地很忙，我真的希望他們能請假休息一下。taketimeoffwork休息；請假。故填off。三、閱讀理解19.Liketheirancienttoga-wearingcounterparts,modernphilosopherscontinuetodisagreeonthenatureoffreewill.Dowereallyhaveanycontroloverthechoiceswemakeandthethingswedesire,andifso,towhatdegree?Theoriesoffreewillvary,buttheancientwordsofPlatostilllineupwithourmodernperceptions(概念)oftemptationandwillpower.TherespectedGreekphilosopherarguedthatthehumanexperienceisoneofconstantstrugglebetweentheintellectandthebody,betweenrationalityanddesire.Alongtheselines,truefreedomisonlyachievablewhenwillpowerunchainsusfrombodily,emotional,instinctualslavery.Youcanfindsimilarthoughtsthroughoutworldreligions,mostofwhichofferaparticularandoftendifficultpathtoriseaboveourdarkernatures.Andscience?Well,sciencemostlyagreeswithallofthis.Willpowerisallaboutovercomingyournaturaldesirestoeatcupcakes,skipyourmorningworkout,playgamesonmobilephone,hitthesnoozealarmandcheckyoure-mailduringafuneral.Yourwillpower,however,islimited.Iflifewereavideogame,you'dseeaglowing"willpower"or"ego"(自我)meteratthetopofthescreennexttoyour"life"meter.Successfullyresistonetemptation,andthemeterdrainsalittle.Thenexttemptationdrainsthe"willpower"meterevenmore,untilthere'snothingleftatall.Ourmodernscientificunderstandingofwillpowerinlargepartstemsfroma1996researchexperimentinvolvingchocolateandradishes(小紅蘿卜)PsychologistRoyBaumeisterledastudyinwhich67testsubjectswerepresentedwithtemptingchocolatechipcookiesandotherchocolate-flavoredtreatsbeforeapersistence-testingpuzzle.Here'sthecatch:Theresearchersaskedsomeoftheparticipantstowithdrawfromsweetsandsnackonradishesinstead.Baumeister'sresultstoldafascinatingstory.Thetestsubjectswhoresistedthesweetstuffinfavorofradishesperformedpoorlyonthepersistencetest.Theysimplydidn'thavethewillpowerlefttoresistslackingoff(松懈).Theresearchinspiredmorethanathousandadditionalstudiesdiscussingeverythingfromtheinfluenceofpositivemessagestotheego-sappingpowerofdailydecisions.Studiesalsoshowthatcognitivecapacityalsoaffectsourabilitytoholdoutagainsttemptation.Cognitivecapacityisessentiallyyourworkingmemory,whichyouemploywhenresistingatemptation...orholdingastringofnumbersinyourhead.A1999studyfromtheUniversityofIowaprofessorBabaShivfoundthatpeopletaskedwithrememberingatwo-digitnumberheldoutbetterthanpeoplerememberingaseven-digitnumberwhentemptedwithchocolatecake.1.Whatdoyouunderstandby‘freewill’?A.Thecontrolwehaveoverthechoices.B.Thechoiceswemakeandthethingswedesire.C.Thechoicesthatphilosophersforceustomake.D.Ourperceptionoftemptation.2.AccordingtoPlato,whenistruefreedomavailable?A.Willpowertorealizeone’sownego. B.Ourabilitytoovercometemptation.C.Ourabilitytorememberthings. D.Thedesiretogiveintotemptation.3.Whatismeantby‘cognitivecapacity’?A.Whenthereisastrugglebetweentheintellectandthebody.B.Whenourwillpowerhelpsusto