中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句

九年級(jí)定語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞，在句子中起定語(yǔ)作用的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，連接先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫引導(dǎo)詞，也叫關(guān)系詞。Themanwhospokeatthemeetingjustnowismyuncle.（）（）（）練習(xí)：Thisisanoldputerthat/whichworksmuchslower.1、引導(dǎo)詞作用先行詞例句who在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)Thegirlwhoisreadingoverthereismyfriend.whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ)Thegirl(whom)wemetjustnowismysister.whose在從句作定語(yǔ)。引導(dǎo)詞后面是名詞，且可以與前面的名詞構(gòu)成所有關(guān)系時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用whoseThedogwhosenameisLuckybelongstoJim.which在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)ThebookwhichwaswrittenbyMoisverypopular.that在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)Doyouknowthegirlthathasgotan“A”intheexam?Shegotaputerthatherparentsboughtforher.練習(xí)：1.Icaughtasightofanoldman_______hatispink.A.which B.whom C.whose D.who2.Accordingtoasurvey,people___areabletospeaktwolanguagescanmanagetwothingsatthesametimemoreeasily.A.which B.whom C.whose D.who3.UncleXiisagreatchairman________Ihaveadoredforfiveyears.A.who B.who/whom C.what D.whose4.Veniceisacity_______isfamousforbeautifulsceneryandalonghistory.A.who B.which C.what D.whose2、只用that的情況：先行詞由all,no,some,any,only,little,much,many,every等修飾時(shí)。Everybookthatourlibraryhasboughtisgood.先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞以及only,thevery,thelast,thesame修飾時(shí)。ThisistheverybookthatIwanttobuy.先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)。Iwon'tforgettheclubandthefriendsthatImetlastsummer.先行詞為something,everything,anything,nothing等不定代詞時(shí)。IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?當(dāng)主句中已有who或which,為了避免重復(fù)時(shí)。Whoisthegirlthatstandingthere?練習(xí)：Theytalkedofthingsandpersons_______theyrememberedintheschool.

A.which B.who

2.Thefirstlesson____Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.

A.who B.that

3.Ihavereadallthebooks_____canbeborrowedhere.

A.who B.that

4.That'stheverytool____wearelookingfor.

A.who B.that

5.Whoistheman_____isstandingoverthere?

A.that B.whose

3、只用which的情況先行詞本身是that時(shí)Thatwatchisthatwhichtellsthetime.關(guān)系詞前有介詞時(shí)ThisistheroominwhichIlivedlastnight.前有逗號(hào),用which指事或物時(shí)Hecamelateagain,whichmademeangry.一個(gè)句中含有兩個(gè)定從，一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞用that,另一個(gè)宜用which。LetmeshowyouthebookthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous.4、只用who的情況先行詞由those,one,ones,he或anyone時(shí),多用whoHewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.在therebe開(kāi)頭的句子中時(shí)Thereisaladywhoiswaitingforyououtside.一個(gè)句子中兩個(gè)定從，一個(gè)用that,另一個(gè)who時(shí)Themanthatwaspraisedatthemeetingisthemonitorwhoisverymodest.5、只用whom的情況在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，whom指人時(shí)。Thepersonforwhomyou’rewaitingisonthewaynow.☆注意：引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與所修飾的先行詞保持一致。Hehasadaughterwho___________verypretty.hehastwodaughterswho____________verypretty.6、關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞：連接從句，充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)（缺失意思仍然完整）when先行詞是表時(shí)間的名詞when在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)where先行詞是表地點(diǎn)的名詞where在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)why先行詞是表原因的名詞why在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)①when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞，用when，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)一般可以用介詞＋which來(lái)代替；Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichwestudiedtogether.Istillremembertheyearwhen/inwhichIcamehere.②where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，用where，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)一般可以用介詞＋which來(lái)代替；Thefactorywhere/inwhichhisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.③why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句先行詞是表示原因的名詞，即reason，用why，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)一般可以用for＋which來(lái)代替；Idon'tknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhedidit.7、區(qū)別關(guān)系副詞&代詞注意：當(dāng)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因的名詞在從句中不是作狀語(yǔ)，而是在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，還是應(yīng)用which/that。Thisisthefactory_______________mymotherworks.Thisisthefactory_______________wevisitedlastweek.練習(xí)：1.Thisisthedate______________we'reproudof.2.Thisisthedate______________________hewasborn.3.Thisisthefactory_________________mymotherworks.4.Thisisthefactory______________wevisitedlastweek.5.Idon'tbelievethereason_______________hegaveforhisdecision.6.Anotherreason___________________hemadethisdecisionisthathehadtoconsiderthefeelingsofothers.定語(yǔ)從句解題方法1、首先分清主句和定語(yǔ)從句；2、確定定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞；3、看先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做什么語(yǔ)法成分（主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)）；4、若先行詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)則選擇關(guān)系代詞,若在從句中做狀語(yǔ)，則選擇關(guān)系副詞。專項(xiàng)鞏固練習(xí)—定語(yǔ)從句（）1、Mysistersentmeanovel________iswrittenbyGuoJingmingonmy15thbirthday.A.

who

B.

which

C.

what

D.

when（）2、—Linda,canyoutellmesomethingaboutMoYan?—Sure.Heisthewriter______wontheNobel(諾貝爾)LiteraturePrize.A.

whom

B.

whose

C.

who（）3、Thisisthemostbeautifulplace____Ihaveevervisited.A.

which

B.

that

C.

whom

D.

who（）4、Doyouknow____ourChineseNationalSymbolofDay（國(guó)家公祭日）is?Yes,it'sonDecember13th.It'sinmemoryofthepeople_____werekilledinNanjingMassacre.A.

whether;that

B.

when;who

C.

how;which

D.

why;that（）5、Theytalkedaboutthepeopleandthings________theyremembered.A.

who

B.

whose

C.

which

D.

that（）6、Theyounglady__________wemetyesterdayisournewmathteacher.A.

who

B.

where

C.

whose

D.

which（）7、Idon'tlikestories_______haveunhappyendings.A.

who

B.

that

C.

where

D.

those（）8、—Haveyoufoundtheinformation

isaboutPresidentXi'svisittoRussia?—Notyet.IwillsurftheInternet.A.

who

B.

what

C.

whom

D.

which（）9、Iwillhaveagoodmemoryofallthegoodtimes______we'vespenttogether.A.

that

B.

when

C.

which

D.

whom（）10、We'reverygratefultotheteachers_______taughtusinourprimaryschool.A.

which

B.

what

C.

who

D.

whom（）11、RunningmanisaveryrelaxingTVprogram

ishotamongtheyoungpeople．

A.

what

B.

which

C.

who

D.

whom（）12、—WhereistheSchoolEnglishSpeechContestgoingtobeheldtonight?—I'mnotsure.Isitinthehall_____canhold300people?A.

where

B.

what

C.

that

（）13、Ihatethedogs

liveinthenexthouse.Theymakeloudnoisesallnight.A.

who

B.

that

C.

what

D.

whom（）14、ExplorerIIisaspacecraft

waslaunchedwithalunarprobein2010.A.

what

B.

that

C.

which

D.

bothBandC（）15、Whoistheman

wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?A.

he

B.

that

C.

which

D.

whom（）16、Iknowaplace______wecanhaveabigmeal.A.

that

B.

where

C.

which

D.

what（）17、Doyouknowtheman_______gaveoutfoodafewdaysago?A.

who

B.

which

C.

whose

D.

whether（）18、—Doyouknowthescientist________discoveredradium?—Yes,MarieCurie.A.

what

B.

which

C.

whom

D.

who（）19、PremierLiKeqiangpromisedtopunishthecriminals_______soldtheillegalvaccines(非法疫苗)A.

where

B.

which

C.

who

D.

Whose（）20、Youaretalentedyoungadults

arefullofhopeforthefuture.A.

which

B.

when

C.

who

D.

where（）21、Friendsarethose____makeyousmile,alwaysopentheirheartstoyouandencourageyoutosucceed.（）22、Manytourists____onceconsideredvisitingMalaysiadon'twantgothereafterthedisappearanceofFlightMH370.A.

where

B.

whose

C.

which

D.

who（）23、Wedislikepeople______talkmuchbutneverdoanything.A.

whom

B.

which

C.

who

D.

whose（）24、——Look，it'sthemostbeautifulpark___________I'veevervisitedbefore.——Really？HowIwishtogotoseeitformyself!A.

that

B.

which

C.

whom

D.

who（）25、Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers

IvisitedinLondonyearsago.A.

what

B.

who

C.

that

D.

which（）26、Tonyatethebigcake

Imadethismorning.A.

what

B.

that

C.

who（）27、Doyouknowtheman______istalkingtoMissWu?

A.

he

B.

whom

C.

who（）28、Thefirstthing________IdidonMother'sDaywastomakebreakfastforher.（）29、Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.A.

thathavebeenshownthisyear

B.

thathaveshownC.

thathasbeenshownthisyear

D.

thatyoutalked（）30、Afriendissomeone____says,"What!Youtoo?IthoughtIwastheonlyone!"

A.

who

B.

whom

C.

whose（）31、XiaoFangpaid￥360forthebag____onlycost￥200.A.

who

B.

howmuch

C.

what

D.

that（）32、—Ilikethephoto

Itookonthebeachyesterday.Whatdoyouthinkofit?

—Well,reallynice!A.

where