UNIT4READINGLANGUAGEFOCUS課件牛津版高中英語選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

Book5unit4LivingwithtechnologyReading(2)languagepointsI.重點(diǎn)短語:1.建空中樓閣；幻想，空想2.實(shí)現(xiàn)3.目的是5.有能力…6.適應(yīng)7.做…的方法8.有做…的能力9.略舉幾例buildcastlesintheair(L3)cometrue(L5)aimto(L6)becapableof(L8)adjustto(L8)anapproachtodoing…(L9)havethecapacityof(L12)namebutafew(L25)10.轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)11.分界線12.承諾給某人一個(gè)美好未來13.對(duì)某人有利14.犯罪15.力勸某人做某事16.受傷，被害ataturningpoints(L32)dividinglines(L34)promisesbabrightfuture(L36)worktoone’sadvantage(L37)commitcrimes(L42）urgesb.todosth（L43）fallvictimto(L48)重點(diǎn)句型解析：1....,butgiventherateatwhichartificialintelligence,orAI,isbeingdeveloped,inthefuturesuchdreamsmayactuallycometrue.(L3)……,但鑒于人工智能(AI)目前的發(fā)展速度，這樣的夢(mèng)想將來也許真的可以實(shí)現(xiàn)。此處為but連接的并列復(fù)合句。but后的分句句子主干為“suchdreamsmaycometrue”,given構(gòu)成的介詞短語中含有“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句“atwhichartificialintelligence,orAI,isbeingdeveloped”修飾先行詞rate。主句重點(diǎn)句型解析：1....,butgiventherateatwhichartificialintelligence,orAI,isbeingdeveloped,inthefuturesuchdreamsmayactuallycometrue.(1)given:prep.鑒于；考慮到=considering/inviewof

adj.規(guī)定的；指定的，所述的（常做前置定語）常見搭配：giventhat從句

鑒于/考慮到......（常在句子做狀語）

E.gGiventheirexperience,they’vedoneagoodjob.考慮到他們?nèi)狈?jīng)驗(yàn)，他們已經(jīng)做的不錯(cuò)了。Theyweretomeetatagiventimeandplace.他們要在規(guī)定的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)會(huì)晤。

(give)herinterestinchildren,teachingseemstherightjobforher.考慮到她喜歡孩子，教書看來是很適合他的工作。Exercise:Given重點(diǎn)句型解析：1....,butgiventherateatwhichartificialintelligence,orAI,isbeingdeveloped,inthefuturesuchdreamsmayactuallycometrue.（2）raten.速度（比）率；價(jià)格vt&vi.評(píng)價(jià)，評(píng)估；劃分等級(jí)ratingn.等級(jí)；級(jí)別常見搭配：ata/an...rate以...速度

interestrates利率thebirth/deathrate出生率/死亡率atanyrate(強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的真實(shí)性）無論如何，不管怎樣atthis/thatrate照此情形，如此下去

Babiesdonotgrowatasteadyratebutinstopsandstarts.Sheiscurrentlyratednumbertwointheworld.E.g1)Imaybeawayonbusinessnextweekbut

（無論如何）willbebackbyfriday.2)

(照這樣下去）wewantgethomeuntilmidnight.3)Thisyear,ourschoolhasbeen

(rate)asoneofthemostexcellentschoolsinthelocalarea.

4)翻譯：你可能會(huì)感到焦慮，因?yàn)槟惆l(fā)現(xiàn)自己發(fā)育的速度和朋友們不同.

Exercises:atanyrate

AtthisrateratedYoumayfeelanxiousthatyouaredevelopingatadifferentratetoyourfriends.2.OneoftheessentialaimsofAIistodevelopcomputerintelligencecapableoflearningfromexperience,adjustingtonewinputsandperformingtaskslikehumans.AI的基本目標(biāo)之一,是開發(fā)能夠?qū)W習(xí)過往經(jīng)驗(yàn)、適應(yīng)新的輸入內(nèi)容并且能夠像人類一樣執(zhí)行任務(wù)的計(jì)算機(jī)智能。重點(diǎn)句型解析：此處不定式短語“todevelop...likehumans”做表語。其中的形容詞短語“capableof...likehumans做后置定語修飾“computerintelligence”,介詞of后跟了三個(gè)v-ing短語learningfromexperience,adjustingtoinput和performingtasks作介詞賓語。2.OneoftheessentialaimsofAIistodevelopcomputerintelligencecapableoflearningfromexperience,adjustingtonewinputsandperformingtaskslikehumans.重點(diǎn)句型解析：（1）capable

adj.有能力；有才能capabilityn.能力；才能capacity

n.(usuallysing.)領(lǐng)悟（或理解、辦事）能力;容量常見搭配：becapableof(doing)sth.有能力做某事E.gMostlivingcreaturesarecapableofadaptationwhentheyareforcedtodoso.Anniewasintelligentandcapableofpassingherexamswithease.

1.有限的資源正制約著我們開發(fā)新產(chǎn)品的能力。(capacity)Limitedresourcesare____________________________________________newproducts.

2.Naturehasthecapacityto________wastesandchangethemintonewresources.A.receive B.recycle C.reuse D.repeatrestricting

ourcapacityfordevelopingBExercises:3.Yearsbeforetheterm“artificialintelligence”wascornedinamid-1950s,thetheoryhadbeenexploredbyAlanTuring,oneofthepioneersinthefieldofcomputerscience.重點(diǎn)句型解析：早在“人工智能”這個(gè)詞在20世紀(jì)50年代中期被創(chuàng)造出來的許多年前，計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的先驅(qū)之一艾倫?圖靈就已探索了人工智能理論。此處主句用了過去完成時(shí)“hadbeenexploded”。此處的“oneofthepioneersinthefieldofcomputerscience”做AlanTuring的同位語。

3.Yearsbeforetheterm“artificialintelligence”wascornedinamid-1950s,thetheoryhadbeenexploredbyAlanTuring,oneofthepioneersinthefieldofcomputerscience.重點(diǎn)句型解析：

coinvt.創(chuàng)造

n.(c)(一枚）硬幣，金屬貨幣；（u)(統(tǒng)稱）硬幣常用搭配tocoinaphrase套用一句老話becoiningmoney發(fā)大財(cái)；賺大錢theothersideofthecoin事情的另一面4.Thenin2017,acomputerprogramnamedAlphaGodefeatedKeJie,arguablythebesthumanGoplayer,whichdemonstratedasignificantadvanceindeep-learningAIsystems.此處thebesthumanGoplayer做KeJie的同位語;which引導(dǎo)的定語從句“whichdemonstratedasignificantadvanceindeep-learningAIsystems”修飾前面整個(gè)主句。之后在2017年，一個(gè)叫阿爾法圍棋的計(jì)算機(jī)程序贏了可謂人類最強(qiáng)的圍棋棋手柯潔，這說明了深度學(xué)習(xí)AI系統(tǒng)的一大顯著進(jìn)步。重點(diǎn)句型解析：4.Thenin2017,acomputerprogramnamedAlphaGodefeatedKeJie,arguablythebesthumanGoplayer,whichdemonstratedasignificantadvanceindeep-learningAIsystems.E.gIdon’twanttoarguewithyou.Wehadanargumentwiththewaiteraboutthebill.Heisarguablythebestactorofhisgeneration.arguablyadv.(常用于形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)前）可論證地，按理arguableadj.有論據(jù)的；無把握的，可疑的arguev.爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)吵；爭(zhēng)辯；證明argumentn.爭(zhēng)論；辯論；論據(jù).重點(diǎn)句型解析：5.Nowadays,AIisalreadybeingappliedinmanyfields:finance,healthcare,machinetranslationandart,tonamebutafew.tonamebutafew:略舉幾例(suchas;...andsoon)Wewillbewellbehind—_____________（僅舉幾例）——Iceland,SwedenandNewZealand.tonamebutafew重點(diǎn)句型解析：如今，人工智能已被應(yīng)用于許多領(lǐng)域，金融、醫(yī)療保健、機(jī)器翻譯和藝術(shù)等。Exercise:6.WhileAIenthusiastspromiseusabrightfuturewhereintelligentrobotswillbeworkingtoouradvantages,theseundoubtedbenefitsalsobringconcernsandfears.此處為while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀從句，該從句中又有一個(gè)where引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾，先行詞abrightfuture。

AI的熱烈支持者向我們承諾未來會(huì)是美好的，到那時(shí)智能機(jī)器人將為人類謀利；但這些毋庸置疑的好處也帶來了憂慮和恐懼。重點(diǎn)句型解析：6.WhileAIenthusiastspromiseusabrightfuturewhereintelligentrobotswillbeworkingtoouradvantage,theseundoubtedbenefitsalsobringconcernsandfears.重點(diǎn)句型解析：

tosb’sadvantage:對(duì)某人有利常見與work的搭配：takeadvantageof利用havethe(an)advantageover(of)優(yōu)于，比……占有優(yōu)勢(shì)7.Howwouldtheybepunishediftheycommittedcrimesorevenmurderedhumans?commitvt.承諾；保證（某個(gè)人、機(jī)構(gòu)等）vi.忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活動(dòng)等）→

committed

adj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的；堅(jiān)信→commitment

n.承諾；交托；信奉在學(xué)習(xí)上取得進(jìn)步的秘密是要把自己投入進(jìn)去。（commit）____________________________________________________________________________Thesecrettomakingprogressinstudiesistocommityourselftoit.重點(diǎn)句型解析：

如果他們犯了罪甚至謀殺了人類，又該如何懲罰？Exercise:【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示完成下面句子(每空一詞)。1)Whentakentothepolicestationforquestioning,themansaid,

“Ihavenever___________________________(犯任何罪).”2)Shehas___________________________________(答應(yīng)去看)adoctoratonce.3)They’llhaveto________________________(花更多的錢)totheprojectiftheywantittosucceed.4)Theyhave____________________________(作出承諾)tokeepworkingtogethertocopewiththeissue.madeacommitmentcommittedanycrime

committedherselftoseeingcommitmoremoneyExercises:8.Aswebecomemoreandmoredependentoncomputers,somescientistareurgingustothinkaboutthedangersposedbytheadvancesinAI.

urge

v.敦促;催促;力勸n.(c)強(qiáng)烈的愿望；沖動(dòng)urgencyn.緊迫，迫切urgentadj.緊急的；急切的urgentlyadv.迫切地；急切地常用搭配urgesb.todosth.；

urge+that從句，從句謂語用should+動(dòng)詞原形,should可省略

隨著我們對(duì)電腦的依賴越來越深，一些科學(xué)家正敦促我們思考AI的進(jìn)步所帶來的危險(xiǎn)。E.gThereporturgedthatallchildren(should)betaughttoswim.這份報(bào)告呼吁教所有的兒童游泳。a.?Hecouldnolongerresistthe_______(強(qiáng)烈的沖動(dòng))togoandseeAmanda.b.ThevacationiscomingandIhavean

totravel。假期快到了，我很想去游泳。c.Though

(urge)togotobedmanytimes,thelittleboykeptonreadinghisbook.盡管已經(jīng)多次被催促上床睡覺了，那個(gè)小男孩兒還在繼續(xù)看書。urgeExercises:urgehavingbeenurged9.Apparently,suchwarningdemandourattention.demandvt.強(qiáng)烈要求；需要

顯然，這樣的警告需要得到我們的重視。常見搭配：demandsth.of/fromsb.向某人要求某物demandtodosth.要求做某事demandthat從句/Itisdemandedthat...要求...（從句用虛擬語氣，即從句謂語動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可省略）demand常見搭配：indemand需求大，受歡迎的meet/satisfyone’sdemands(for...)滿足某人（對(duì)......)的需求/要求demandthat.........的要求（從句用虛擬語氣）

n.(堅(jiān)決的）要求；需要