專題20動詞語態(tài)（牛津譯林版）

專題20動詞語態(tài)（解析版）一、主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)如何轉換二、被動語態(tài)的基本用法和特殊用法三、被動語態(tài)在中考題中的考察方向有哪些考點1被動語態(tài)的基本用法①不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者。如:ThecarwasmadeinChina.這輛汽車是中國產的。②由于某種原因沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者。如:Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.英語在世界上被廣泛使用。③需要強調動作的承受者。如:ProfessorBlackwillbeinvitedtothemeeting.Black教授將被邀參加會議。（2023·江蘇連云港·中考真題）5.Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter,moretrees________nextyear.A.plant B.willplant C.areplanted D.willbeplanted【答案】D【解析】句意：為了使環(huán)境更好，明年將種植更多的樹?？疾橐话銓頃r被動語態(tài)。主語moretrees與動詞plant之間被動關系，結合nextyear可知，此處用一般將來時被動語態(tài)willbedone的結構，故選D。（2023·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）Aftertheinterview,theastronautswere____43____(move）awayforhealthchecks.【答案】43.moved【解析】句意：采訪結束后，宇航員們被轉移到其他地方進行健康檢查。根據“Aftertheinterview,theastronautswere...awayforhealthchecks.”可知宇航員們被轉移到其他地方進行健康檢查，move“移動”，是動詞，此處動詞和主語之間是被動關系，應用被動語態(tài)，動詞用過去分詞，故填moved。（2023·江蘇泰州·中考真題）Universitystudents___64___(encourage)todomoreexerciseafterclass.Butsomejuststayintheclassroomalldaylong.【答案】areencouraged【解析】句意：鼓勵大學生在課后多做運動。本句主語是動作的承受者，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故填areencouraged。（2023·江蘇無錫·中考真題）47.ThisTshirt__________(make)ofsilkanditfeelsverysmooth.【答案】ismade【解析】句意：這件T恤是絲綢做的，摸起來很光滑。make“制作”，動詞。bemadeof“由……制成”，固定短語。本句是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，故用be動詞is。故填ismade。（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）12.TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.It________bypeopleofallages.A.isloved B.wasloved C.willlove D.isloving【答案】A【解析】句意：孫悟空是中國的一個傳統(tǒng)人物。它受到所有年齡段的人的喜愛?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)及動詞時態(tài)。根據“by”可知，此處是被動語態(tài)，指孫悟空被人們喜愛。本句陳述事實，故為一般現(xiàn)在時。故選A。（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）9.WhenIwasapupil,someofmypocketmoney________tobuyicbooks.A.use B.isused C.used D.wasused【答案】D【解析】句意：當我還是個學生的時候，我的一些零花錢被用來買漫畫書?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。分析題干可知，主語pocketmoney和動詞use之間是被動關系，結合“WhenIwasapupil”可知，應用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故選D。（2023·江蘇揚州·中考真題）12.Sandturnstoglasswhenit________bylightning.A.hits B.ishit C.ishitting D.willbehit【答案】B【解析】句意：沙子被閃電擊中會變成玻璃?？疾檎Z態(tài)。句子主語it指代的是“Sand”，與動詞hit之間是被動關系，應用被動語態(tài)，陳述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，故選B。（2023·江蘇揚州·中考真題）50.Theartistsare________totellgoodChinesestoriesintheirfavoriteartforms.(encourage)【答案】encouraged【解析】句意：藝術家們被鼓勵用他們喜歡的藝術形式講好中國故事。句子主語與動詞之間是被動關系，此處應用被動語態(tài)，空前有are，此處動詞用過去分詞，故填encouraged。（2023·江蘇南京·中考真題）47.AllthedialogueinBaiju_____________(speak)inNanjingdialect,easytounderstand,andfullofhumor.【答案】isspoken【解析】句意：白劇里所有的對白都是用南京方言講的，很容易理解而且充滿幽默感。考察被動語態(tài)。這里dialogue為一個不可數(shù)名詞，所以be動詞用單數(shù)形式is,isspoken為被動表達。1.Over$30,000_______forachildren'shospitalbyaBritishgirlseveralmonthsago.A.israisedB.wasraisedC.willberaisedD.hasbeenraised【答案】B2.Thenovelbymanypeopletoday.A.isreadB.arereadC.readsD.wereread【答案】A3.Theletter(write)byLinTaonow.【答案】iswritten4.Thebridge(finish)nextmonth.【答案】willbefinished5.TheCDROMs(sell)already.【答案】havebeensold6.Theblackboard(clean)whenIcamein.【答案】wascleaned考點2主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法語態(tài)轉換的幾種類型：1.Mystudentsalwaysshareideasinclass.Ideasalwaysbymystudentsinclass.【答案】are;shared2.Theuniversitywillinvitemanygraduatestocelebrateits100thbirthday.Manygraduateswillbytheuniversitytocelebrateits100thbirthday.【答案】beinvited3.Myfatherboughtmeawatchyesterday.(改為被動語態(tài))Awatchmeyesterday.【答案】wasboughtfor4.Atlasttheboywasmadeandbegantolaugh.A.stopcryingB.tostoptocryC.tostopcryingD.stoptocry【答案】C5.InmanyplacesinChina,theoldover90notonlybytheirfamilybutalsobythegovernment.A.istakinggoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.istakinggoodcareofD.aretakengoodcare【答案】B6.Amy,aswellasherbrothers,____________awarmwelewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.A.isgivenB.aregivenC.wasgivenD.weregiven【答案】C考點3被動語態(tài)的特殊用法帶雙賓語的主動句如何變?yōu)楸粍泳?(1)通常把指“人”的間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，指“物”的直接賓語保留不變。如:Hetoldusastory.→Weweretoldastory(byhim).他給我們講了一個故事。Myfathergavemeanewpen.→Iwasgivenanewpenbymyfather.我爸爸給我一支新鋼筆。(2)如果要把指“物”的直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，間接賓語前有時要加介詞to(在send,pass,write,give,show,bring等動詞之后)或for(在buy,cook,make,order,choose等動詞之后)。如:Myteachergavemesomeadvice.→Someadvicewasgiventomebymyteacher.我的老師給我提了一些建議。Mymotherboughtmeanewbag.→Anewbagwasboughtformebymymother.我媽媽給我買了一個新包。感官動詞或表示“變化”的動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)。需要記住的單詞有:look(看起來)sound(聽起來)taste(嘗起來)smell(聞起來)continue(繼續(xù))feel(摸起夾.感受)seem(似乎)remain(仍然)keep(保持)prove(證明)在口語中常用“get+過去分詞”來表示被動getmarried結婚gethurt受傷getdressed穿衣服getlost迷路get+過去分詞getdrunk喝醉了getpaid獲得報酬getstarted行動起來gettreated得到治療getelected當選例如:Shegotmarriedlastweek.她上周結婚了。Thepatientgottreatedonceaweek.那位病人一周得到一次治療。Hefelloffthecarandgotkilled.他從汽車上掉下來，摔死了。【注意】被動語態(tài)和系表結構都是be+過去分詞，但被動語態(tài)表示以主語為承受者的動作，而系表結構則表示主語的特點或所處的狀態(tài)，一般不和by短語連用。如:Theschoolgateisclosednow.(系表結構)Theschoolgateisshutbyanoldmanat6p.m.everyday.(被動語態(tài))有些動詞主動形式表示被動的含義有些被動形式表示主動的含義(1)有些不及物動詞的主動形式可表被動意義。這樣的動詞有act,open,close,catch,sell,read,keep,draw,drive,write等。如:Theshopopensatsixinthemorning.這家商店早上六點開門營業(yè)。(2)一些表示感知的連系動詞如look,feel,sound,taste,smell等常用主動形式表被動意義。如:Theredappletastesdelicious.這個紅蘋果很好吃。(3)在need,want,require,deserve等動詞后面常接動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義。如:Yourdeskneedsrepairing.你的課桌需要修理了。(4)動詞不定式作定語，與被修飾的名詞或代詞構成邏輯上的動賓關系，且又和句中另外一個名詞或代詞構成邏輯上的主謂關系時，這時不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。如:Myteachergavemesomehomeworktodo.我的老師給我布置了一些家庭作業(yè)去做。(todo與homework構成邏輯上的動賓關系，又和me構成邏輯上的主謂關系)(5)當動詞不定式作表語形容詞easy,hard,difficult,impossible,good等的狀語，又和句子的主語構成邏輯上的動賓關系時，該不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。如:Englishiseasytolearn.英語容易學。(6)在“too...to”和“enoughto”結構中，如果句子的主語是不定式的邏輯賓語，這時動詞不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。如:Thewateristoodirtytodrink.水太臟，不能喝。（2022·江蘇常州·中考真題）Duringholidays,groupsofyoungmuseumguides____42____(see)everywhereinChangzhouMuseum.【答案】areseen【解析】句意：假日期間，常州博物館里隨處可見一群群年輕的導游。本句主語是動作的承受者，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，故填areseen。（2022·江蘇連云港·中考真題）Asurveywill________nextweektoknowmoreaboutchildren’sdailyhabits.【答案】becarriedout【解析】句意：下周將進行一項調查，以了解更多關于兒童的日常習慣。根據“Asurveywill…nextweek”及備選詞可知，此處指進行一項調查，carryout“實施”符合，主語survey與動詞之間是被動關系，此處用一般將來時被動語態(tài)willbedone的結構，故填becarriedout。（2022·江蘇泰州·中考真題）64.Jiangsuautomatic(自動化)testoflisteningandspeaking_______(hold)inAprileveryyear.【答案】isheld【解析】句意：聽說江蘇省自動化考試在每年的4月舉行。主語是動作的承受者，結合“everyyear”可知，是一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，故填isheld。（2022·江蘇無錫·中考真題）12.UNICEF,partoftheUnitedNations,________inEuropein1946afterWorldWarII.A.setup B.wassetup C.tookup D.wastakenup【答案】B【解析】句意：聯(lián)合國兒童基金會，是聯(lián)合國的一部分，二戰(zhàn)后于1946年在歐洲成立?？疾橐话氵^去時的被動語態(tài)和動詞短語。setup建立；takeup占據，占用。根據“inEuropein1946afterWorldWarII”可知這是聯(lián)合國兒童基金會的成立時間，因此動詞短語應用setup來表示“成立”，且句子應用一般過去時。主語為UNICEF，與動詞setup存在邏輯上的被動關系，因此應用被動語態(tài)，其結構為：was/were+過去分詞。故選B。（2022·江蘇無錫·中考真題）53.You________(expect)tobemoreorganizedinhighschool.Soyoucankeepadiary.【答案】areexpected【解析】句意：你在高中時應該更有條理。所以你可以寫日記。根據“You…(expect)tobemoreorganizedinhighschool.”可知，beexpectedtodo“被期待做”，本句使用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為You，使用be動詞are。故填areexpected。（2022·江蘇徐州·中考真題）13.I________byaliensonmywayhometheotherday.Doyoubelieveme?A.haveattacked B.wasattacked C.wasattacking D.amattacked【答案】B【解析】句意：前幾天我在回家的路上被外星人襲擊了。你相信我嗎？考查一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。根據時間狀語“theotherday”可知，本句是一般過去時；再根據“byaliens”可知，此處是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)(was/weredone)。故選B。（2022·江蘇徐州·中考真題）Attheendoftheparty,onthedinnertable,MrZhang’sdaughterlaidtwobigbowlsofnoodleswhich____59____(eat)upinaminutebythewholefamily.【答案】wereeated【解析】句意：晚會結束時，張的女兒在飯桌上放了兩大碗面，一家人一會兒就吃完了。分析句子可知noodles和eat之間是被動關系，結合語境可知句子是一般過去時，所以應用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：was/weredone。主語是復數(shù)，be動詞用were，故填wereeaten。（2022·江蘇鹽城·中考真題）10.SpudWebb________atfirstbecauseofhisheight,buthedidn’tloseheart.A.refuses B.refused C.wasrefused D.willberefused【答案】C【解析】句意：斯普德·韋伯最初因為身高而被拒絕，但他沒有灰心。考查被動語態(tài)。主語SpudWebb與動詞refuse之間存在邏輯上的被動關系，即他被拒絕，故為被動語態(tài)。結合“buthedidn’tloseheart.”可知，時態(tài)是一般過去時，故為一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，結構是was/weredone。故選C。（2022·江蘇揚州·中考真題）13.—IhearthatyoutookpartinaforestcleanupactivitylastSunday.—Yes,it________byourschoolgreenclubtoprotectforests.A.organizes B.organized C.wasorganized D.willbeorganized【答案】C【解析】句意：——我聽說你上周日參加了森林清理活動。——是的。我們學校的環(huán)保俱樂部組織了這次活動來保護森林?？疾閯釉~的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據“l(fā)astSunday”可知是過去的事，是一般過去時。主語“it”指的是“aforestcleanupactivity”，和動詞之間是被動關系，表達“被組織”用一般過去時的被動結構“wasorganized”。故選C。（2022·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）6.It’salongtime!Ican’trememberwhenthispicture_______inJinshanPark.A.wastaken B.takes C.istaken D.took【答案】A【解析】句意：這是一段很長的時間！我不記得這張照片是什么時候在金山公園拍的。考查語態(tài)。句子主語“thispicture”與動詞take之間是被動關系，此處用被動語態(tài)，結合語境可知，拍照發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故選A。1.—DoyouknowthesongWherehasthetimegone?一Sure.Itbeautiful.Ilikeitalot.A.smellsB.tastesC.soundsD.looks【答案】C—ThreeDprintingtechnologycouldbeusedtobuildahouseinlessthan24hours.一Itamazing.It'smyfirsttimetogettoknowthenews.A.looksB.smellsC.soundsD.tastes【答案】C3.Watchoutthefireoryou'll.A.beburntB.burnC.getburntD.gotburnt【答案】C4.Ourroommust___clean.A.keep B.bekept C.tobekept D.tokeep【答案】B5.Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.A.didn't B.won't C.isn't D.doesn't【答案】B6.Whowasthebook___?A.write B.wrote C.written D.writtenby【答案】D一、被動語態(tài)填空1English_____(speak)allovertheworld.

2Thesong______(write)byhim2yeasago.

3Thepictures_____(take)byhimtomorrow.

4Thefilm_____(show)heretwice.

5Theputer_____(canuse)intheroom.

6Thearticle_______(translate)intomanylanguagessinceitwaspublished.

7Theroom______(paint)now.

8Thatclock______(call)BigBen.

9LastweekI____(ask)aboutEnglishculture.10.Thefood_____________(smell)delicious.【答案】1.isspoken2.waswritten3.willbetaken4.hasbeenshown5.canbeuse6.hasbeentranslated7.isbeingpainted8.iscalled9.wasasked10.smells二、單項選擇( )1.——Howcleanthewindowis!——Yes,itjustnow. A.hasbeencleaned B.wascleaned C.iscleaned D.willbecleaned( )2.UsuallypeopleinJapanandKoreawhentheymeetforthefirsttime.A.aresupposedtokiss B.aresupposedtobow C.supposetokiss D.supposetobow( )3.Englishinmanycountries.ButnowmoreandmorecountriesopenupChineselessons.A.isspoken B.arespoken C.isspeaking D.speaks( )4.Whenyouleavetheroom,makesurethedoor.A.waslocked B.islocked C.willbelocked D.shouldbelocked( )5.Fewstudentscanunderstandthesentenceuntilittwiceorthreetimes.A.explains B.isexplained C.willbeexplainedD.hasexplained( )6.NowChinese’sbeethepopularlanguagethatwidelyintheworld.A.is,learned B.is,learning C.will,learn D.was,learned( )7.——Won’tyougotothedinnertonight?——IwillifI.A.willbeinvited B.haveinvited C.aminviting D.aminvited( )8.ManypeoplelearnEnglishbecauseitwidelyintheworld.A.is,used B.was,used C.is,using D.was,using( )9.Mariaat6:30everymorningbyhermothertogetreadyforschool.A.waswokenup B.wokeup C.wakesupD.iswokenup( )10.Mikewasn’tathomeyesterday.HetohelpwithJenny’sEnglish.A.wasasking B.isaskedC.isasking D.wasasked( )11.ThetelephonebyAlexanderGrahamBellin1876. A.wasinvented B.hasbeeninvented C.isinvented D.willbeinvented( )12.ThenewbridgeovertheJingshaRiverlastyear,whichmakesitveryeasytogotothecitycenter.built B.wasbuilt C.hasbuiltD.hasbeenbuilt【答案】BBABBADADDAB三、句型轉換1.Mikebrokethewindowyesterday.(改為被動語態(tài))ThewindowbyMikeyesterday.2.MoreandmoreforeignersspeakChineseintheworldnow.(改成被動語態(tài))Chinesebymoreandmoreforeignersintheworldnow.3.Didn’ttheytellyouaboutit?（改為被動語態(tài)）________you________aboutit?4.PeoplebroughtsomepandasfromWolongtothecapitalonSaturday.(改成同義句)SomepandasfromWolongtothecapitalonSaturday.5.Manyspaceships(send)toexploreotherplanetsinthesolarsystemafewyearsago.【答案】wasbroken;isspoken;weretold;werebrought;weresent（2023年淮安市開明中學集團中考二模英語試題）Ⅱ.完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）EveryeveningbeforemyeldersisterAnnaandIwenttosleep,wewouldspendfiveminuteshavinga____11____party.Nomatterwhatwentonthatdayorhowmadwewereateachother,wewoulddance.Itwasa____12____mydadhelpedstartwhenwewerelittle.Oneday,AnnaandIhadabigargument(爭論)about____13____wouldplaywithadoll.Beforebedtime,wewerestill____14____witheachother.Ourdad____15____themusic,“Forfiveminutes,notalking.Justdance.”hesaid.Heplayedthemusicuntilwe____16____agreedtostartdancing.Afterthefiveminuteswereover,wewerelaughingsohardthatbothofus____17____whywewereangry.Sincethatnight,andupuntilrecently,ourfiveminutedancepartywassomethingwereturnedtoeveryevening.NowAnnaandIsatwithmomanddadatthedinnertable.Itwasthenight____18____Annamovedtoattendcollege.MommadeAnna’sfavoritemeal.Iwassadbecausethiswouldbethe____19____timeweallatetogether.ButAnnaate_____20_____.“IhavetogoandsaybyetomyfriendJeanie!”sheexplainedandthenleft.Lookingatthe____21____chair,IrealizedItreasuredthosedailydancepartieswithmysister.Icouldn’tstopthinkinghowsadIwouldbe____22____wemissedourlastdanceparty.Somehourspassed,andIbegantogetreadyforbed,givinguponthethoughtthatourlastdancepartywould____23____.SuddenlyIheardaknockonmydoor.Annacamein.“Julie,youdidn’tseriouslythinkIwasgoingtoleavetomorrowwithoutdancingonemoretime,didyou?”Annaplayedthemusicandstarteddancing.Ifollowed____24____,laughing.ThoughIdidn’twanttoseemysister____25____,thefactthatthislastdancewasasimportanttoherasitwastomemadethemomentevenmorespecial.11.A.dance B.birthday C.song D.dinner12.A.show B.match C.tradition D.day13.A.who B.when C.how D.why14.A.happy B.sad C.angry D.bored15.A.turnedout B.turnedoff C.turneddown D.turnedon16.A.all B.every C.both D.neither17.A.forgot B.understood C.realized D.remembered18.A.after B.since C.before D.until19.A.first B.last C.next D.same20.A.carefully B.quickly C.widely D.politely21.A.empty B.last C.big D.only22.A.unless B.though C.if D.so23.A.change B.happen C.stop D.fail24.A.her B.his C.their D.my25.A.dancing B.laughing C.sleeping D.leaving【答案】11.A12.C13.A14.C15.D16.C17.A18.C19.B20.B21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D【解析】本文講述了作者和姐姐有每晚跳舞的傳統(tǒng)，但在姐姐離家去上大學前一晚，她要去和朋友告別，作者以為不會有最后一次跳舞，結果姐姐告訴她不會在沒有跳最后一次舞的情況下就離開。【11題詳解】句意：每天晚上，在我和姐姐安娜睡覺之前，我們都會花五分鐘舉辦一個舞會。dance跳舞；birthday生日；song歌曲；dinner晚餐。根據“Nomatterwhatwentonthatdayorhowmadwewereateachother,wewoulddance.”可知，此處表達舉辦一個舞會，故選A?！?2題詳解】句意：這是我父親在我們小時候幫助我們開始的一個傳統(tǒng)。show展示；match比賽；tradition傳統(tǒng)；day一天。根據“Itwasa...mydadhelpedstartwhenwewerelittle.”可知很小時候就建立的應該是傳統(tǒng)，故選C?！?3題詳解】句意：有一天，安娜和我就誰來玩娃娃的問題大吵了一架。who誰；when什么時候；how怎樣；why為什么。根據“Oneday,AnnaandIhadabigargument(爭論)about...wouldplaywithadoll.”可知，本句為賓語從句，從句中缺主語，用who引導，故選A?！?4題詳解】句意：睡覺前，我們仍然互相生氣。happy開心的；sad傷心的；angry生氣的；bored枯燥的。根據“Afterthefiveminuteswereover,wewerelaughingsohardthatbothofus...whywewereangry.”可知，我們仍然互相生氣。故選C?！?5題詳解】句意：我們的爸爸打開音樂。turnedout發(fā)生；turnedoff關掉；turneddown調低；turnedon打開。根據“Forfiveminutes,Notalking.Justdance.”可知，爸爸打開音樂，并告訴她們不說話，只跳舞。故選D?！?6題詳解】句意：他一直放著音樂，直到我們都同意開始跳舞。all所有的；every每一個；both都（兩者）；neither兩者都不。根據“Afterthefiveminuteswereover,”可知，她們都同意跳舞，因為是作者和姐姐兩個人，所以用both表示兩者都。故選C?！?7題詳解】句意：五分鐘結束后，我們笑得很厲害，以至于我們都忘記了為什么生氣。forgot忘記；understood理解；realized意識到；remembered記得。根據“Afterthefiveminuteswereover,wewerelaughingsohardthatbothofus...whywewereangry.”可知，此處表達笑得很厲害，以至于都忘記了為什么生氣。故選A。【18題詳解】句意：那是安娜去上大學的前一天晚上。after在……之后；since自從；before在……之前；until直到。根據“IhavetogoandsaybyetomyfriendJeanie!”可知，安娜要去和她的朋友珍妮道別，所以應該是去上大學的前一天晚上。故選C?！?9題詳解】句意：我很難過，因為這將是我們最后一次一起吃飯。first第一；last最后；next下一個；same相同的。根據“ItwasthenightbeforeAnnamovedtoattendcollege.”可知，安娜去上大學的前一天晚上是她們一起吃的最后一次飯，故選B?！?0題詳解】句意：但安娜吃得很快。carefully仔細地；quickly迅速地；widely廣泛地；politely有禮貌地。根據“‘IhavetogoandsaybyetomyfriendJeanie!’sheexplainedandthenleft.”可知，因為安娜著急去跟朋友告別，所以應該是吃得很快。故選B?！?1題詳解】句意：看著那把空椅子，我意識到我很珍惜和姐姐每天的舞會。empty空的；last最后的；big大的；only僅僅，只有。根據“‘IhavetogoandsaybyetomyfriendJeanie!’sheexplainedandthenleft.”可知，姐姐離開了，所以應該是空的椅子。故選A?！?2題詳解】句意：我忍不住想，如果我們錯過了最后一次舞會，我會多么難過。unless除非；though雖然；if如果；so所以。根據“Icouldn’tstopthinkinghowsadIwouldbe...wemissedourlastdanceparty.”可知，本句為條件狀語從句，表達如果錯過了最后一次舞會，會很難過。故選C?！?3題詳解】句意：幾個小時過去了，我開始準備睡覺，不再去想我們最后一次舞會將會舉行change改變；happen發(fā)生；stop停止；fail失敗。根據“Somehourspassed,andIbegantogetreadyforbed,givinguponthethoughtthatourlastdancepartywould...”可知，此處表達作者不再想最后一次舞會的事，即不再想舞會會發(fā)生。故選B。【24題詳解】句意：我跟著她，笑了。her她；his他的；their他們的；my我的。根據“Annaplayedthemusicandstarteddancing.”可知，作者跟隨她的姐姐，人稱代詞用her。故選A?！?5題詳解】句意：雖然我不想看到我姐姐離開，但這最后一支舞對她和我一樣重要，這讓這一刻變得更加特別。dancing跳舞；laughing笑；sleeping睡覺；leaving離開。根據“ThoughIdidn’twanttoseemysister...thefactthatthislastdancewasasimportanttoherasitwastomemadethemomentevenmorespecial.”可知，本句為讓步狀語從句，表達雖然作者不想看到姐姐離開，但這最后一支舞對她和作者一樣重要，這讓這一刻變得更加特別。故選D。Ⅲ.閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）Oncetherewasafamousmaster.Helivedinatemple(廟宇)withhisstudents.Hetaughtwellandmanyofhisstudentsbecamegreatmasterslater.Oneday,oneofthestudentscalledBenstolesomethingfromhisclassmates.Theotherstudentsreportedhimtothemaster.However,themastertooknoactionagainstBen.Theywereveryangry.Afewdayslater,Benstoleagain.Andagain,themasterdidnothingtopunishhim.Thismadetheotherstudentsevenangrier.Theyaskedthemastertotakeitseriously.TheysaidifBenwasallowedtostayinthetemple,theywouldleave.Themastercalledameeting.Whenallthestudentssatdown,hesaid,“Ifyouleave,you’llbeabletogotootherschools,becauseyouaregoodstudents.You’vealreadyknownwhat’srightandwhat’swrong.ButwhataboutBen?Heevendoesn’tknowanythingabouthisaction.Who’llteachhimifIdon’t?Ican’taskhimtogoevenifitmeanslosingallofyou.”Hearingthat,Benrealizedhismistake.Hefeltquiteashamed(感到慚愧的)andneverstoleagain.Heworkedhardandmadesomeachievementsinhislaterlife.Andhewasfamousforhishonestytoo.26.Whatcanweinferfromtheunderlined(劃線的)sentence?A.Theotherstudentswantedtoleave.B.TheotherstudentswereinterestedinBen.C.TheotherstudentswantedBentoleave.D.Themasterwasn’tallowedtostayinthetemple.27.TohelpBenrealizehismistake,themaster________infrontofallthestudents.A.punishedhim B.showedapicture C.shoutedathim D.saidsomething28.Benbecamea(n)________manlater.A.honest B.clever C.shameful D.lazy29.Thestorywantstotellusthat________.A.weshouldhelpeachotherwhenwe’reintroubleB.weshouldalwayslistentoourteachersC.weshouldtakeothers’adviceD.weshouldtreatotherswithakindheart【答案】26.C27.D28.A29.D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。介紹了一個大師和學生們住在寺廟里，一個男孩因為偷東西被其他同學要求離開寺廟，否則這些學生就會自行離開。大師告訴他們，如果這個男孩離開了，那么就沒有人能教導他什么是對的什么是錯的了，這個男孩意識到了自己的問題，長大后成為了一個有很多成就的人。故事告訴人們一個道理，沒有人是完美的，我們要以一顆善良的心對待身邊的每一個人?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據“TheysaidifBenwasallowedtostayinthetemple,theywouldleave.”可知如果本被允許留在寺廟里，他們就會離開，由此可推知其他學生要求本離開。故選C?！?7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據“Whenallthestudentssatdown,hesaid”以及“Hearingthat,Benrealizedhismistake”可知這個大師在所有學生面前說一些話讓本意識到他的錯誤。故選D。【28題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據“Andhewasfamousforhishonesty”可知他成為了一個誠實的人。故選A?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文通過本的故事告訴我們，沒有人是完美的，我們要以一顆善良的心對待身邊的每一個人。故選D。BDoyouknowanythingaboutourcolourfulnationalquintessences(國粹)?Now,let’sgettoknowsomeofthem.SilkChinaissaidtobethefirstcountrytohavemasteredthesericulturetechnology(蠶桑技術)toproducesilkandthesilkindustryreacheditstopintheHanandTangdynasties.Atpresent,becauseofthetradeoftheBeltandRoad,thesilkculturewiththeSilkRoadhasplayedanincreasinglyimportantroleintheworld.ChinesekungfuChinesekungfuhasalonghistoryofabout6,000years.Inthe1960s,BruceLeespreadChinesekungfuthroughmoviesandthenmadeitpopularallovertheworld.Nowadays,theinfluenceofChinesekungfucanbefoundinculture,poetry,novels,moviesandsoon.TraditionalChineseMedicineTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM),createdbytheHanChinese,madegreatprogressintheSongdynasty.TCMintoday’ssocietynotonlykeepsanddevelopsthetraditions,butalsomakesgooduseofadvancedtechnologyandothercountries’essence(精華)ofmedicine.Anditiseventhoughttobeamysterybyforeigners.PaperCuttingAsatraditionalfolkart,Chinesepapercuttingisverypopularwithalonghistory.PapercuttingcancreatelotsofdesignsandimageswhichshowChineseworkingpeople’sideasandfeelings.Todaytheeraftsmen(工匠)arecreatingworksofarttoshowvaluesofmodernsocietywithadvancedtechnology,morecreativeskillsandartistictechniques.30.Chinesesilkindustryreacheditstop________.A.intheHanandTangdynasties B.6000yearsagoC.intheHandynasty D.intheSongdynasty31.________isthoughttobeamysterybyforeigners.A.Silk B.ChinesekungfuC.TCM D.Chinesepapercutting32.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUE?A.Thesilkcultureisbeinglessandlessimportantintheworld.B.ItisSilkRoadthatmadeChinesekungfupopularallovertheworld.C.PapercuttingonlyshowsChineseartists’ideasandfeelings.D.Nowadays,TCMandChinesepapercuttinguseadvancedtechnology.33.Wecanprobablyfindtheinformationaboveinthepartof________onawebsite.A.fashion&style B.science&technologyC.culture&art D.travel&food【答案】30.A31.C32.D33.C【解析】本文主要介紹了中國的國粹：絲綢、中國功夫、中醫(yī)、剪紙?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一個表格“thesilkindustryreacheditstopintheHanandTangdynasties.”可知絲綢工業(yè)在漢唐時期達到了頂峰。故選A?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三個表格“Anditiseventhoughttobeamysterybyforeigners.”可知外國人認為中醫(yī)是個謎。故選C?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據“TCMintoday’ssocietynotonlykeepsanddevelopsthetraditions,butalsomakesgooduseofadvancedtechnologyandothercountries’essence(精華)ofmedicine.”及“Todaytheeraftsmen(工匠)arecreatingworksofarttoshowvaluesofmodernsocietywithadvancedtechnology,morecreativeskillsandartistictechniques.”可知如今，中醫(yī)和中國剪紙都采用了先進的技術。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知本文主要介紹了中國的國粹：絲綢、中國功夫、中醫(yī)、剪紙。主要是跟文化藝術相關。故選C。（2022·江蘇常州·中考真題）閱讀理解CResearchersareusinganunderwaterdrone(無人機)togetinformationoncarbondioxide(CO?)levelsintheocean.Itisbelievedtobethefirsttimethatsuchadevice(裝置)hasbeenusedpurposelytotestCO?levels.Thedevice,whichtheteamalsocallsaglider,isdesignedtogodownto1,000metersindeepoceanareasandcanoperateforweeksatatime.Thepurposeoftheresearchistoprovidescientistswithdata(數(shù)據)abouthowclimatechangeisinfluencingtheocean’schemistry.TheselfswimmingdronewasplacedintheGulfofAlaskathisspring.ReportersfromTheAssociatedPressrecentlyjoinedresearchersonaboatinAlaska’sResurrectionBaytoseethedroneinaction.Theteamsaystheprojectcouldbeamajorstepforwardinmeasuring(測量)theenvironmentalhealthofoceans.Thescientistsaremostinterestedinlevelsofoceanacidification(酸性).ThishappenswhenCO?emissions(排放)intheairmaketheirwayintotheocean.Oceanacidificationcanharmorkillsomekindsofsealife.ScientistshaveconnectedCO?emissionswithglobal(全球)warmingcausedbyhumanactivities.Inaway,oceanshavegivenhumansahelpinghandbytakingin(吸收)someoftheCO?.Iftherewerenooceans’uptake,therewouldbemuchmoreCO?intheair.Thiswouldtrapmoreofthesun’sheatandfurtherwarmtheEarth.“Buttheproblemnowisthattheoceanischangingitschemistrybecauseofthisuptake,”saidteammemberClaudineHauri.OneofthebestwaystomeasureoceanacidificationistocollectCO?measurements.Untilnow,thesecollectionsweremostlydonefromshipsorwithdevicesfloatingattheoceansurfaceorontheoceanfloor.30.Whatisprobablythispassage?A.Anadvertisement. B.Partofanewsreport.C.Partofasciencefiction. D.Atextfromachemistrytextbook.31.Whatdoweknowaboutaglider?A.Itmustbeusedtogetherwithfloatingdevices.B.Itisusedtomeasureoceanacidification.C.ItisusedtostopCO?fromenteringtheocean.D.ItisusedtomeasureCO?levelsintheair.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“uptake”inParagraph6mostprobablymean?A.Theactofcoveringanarea. B.Theactofslowingsomethingdown.C.Theactoftakingsomethingin. D.Theactofkillingorharmingsomething.33.Whatistroublingthescientists?A.Theunderwaterdronecan’tswimbyitself.B.Thedronecanonlylastoneweekatatime.C.OceansarestoppingtakinginCO?fromtheair.D.ToomuchCO?ismakingitswayintooceans.【答案】30.B31.B32.C33.D【解析】本文是一篇新聞報道，向我們介紹研究人員正在使用水下無人機獲取海洋中二氧化碳水平的信息?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。本文主要向我們介紹研究人員正在使用水下無人機獲取海洋中二氧化碳水平的信息，所以推測可能在新聞報道上看到這篇文章，故選B?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據“Researchersareusinganunderwaterdrone(無人機)togetinformationoncarbondioxide(CO?)levelsintheocean.Itisbelievedtobethefirsttimethatsuchadevice(裝置)hasbeenusedpurposelytotestCO?levels.”和“Thedevice,whichtheteamalsocallsaglider”可知，滑翔機設備專門用于測定海洋二氧化碳水平，故選B?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。分析“Inaway,oceanshavegivenhumansahelpinghandbytakingin(吸收)someoftheCO?.Iftherewerenooceans’uptake,therewouldbemuchmoreCO?intheair.”可知，海洋在某種程度上幫助了人類，吸收了一些二氧化碳，如果沒有海洋的吸收，空氣中的二氧化碳就會更多。所以此處uptake的意思是“吸收”，故選C?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據“ThishappenswhenCO?emissions(排放)intheairmaketheirwayintotheocean.Oceanacidificationcanharmorkillsomekindsofsealife.”可知，空氣中的二氧化碳大量排放進