中外文學(xué)作品精讀與鑒賞 課件 英文 Chapter 1 The New Years Sacrifice

TheNewYear’sSacrificeLuXunContents主要內(nèi)容123WordTestQuestionsforunderstandingIntroductiontotheAuthor4Thediversityofsentences5UnittaskPartOneTestforWordsWordTest1.TheUShashardlydoneanythingpracticaltoactivelycombatthecoronavirus.Instead,Washingtonhaspinnedallitshopesonthevaccinationinthecountry,whichis__________launched.(hurriedly)2.SuchascenarionotonlyisunsurprisingbutalsoshowsthatmanyWesterncountriesarefrustratedand_______________duetothedeclineoftheirinternationalcompetitiveness.(extremelyannoyed)3.Itisurgenttoovercometheshortcomingsinruralareas,and____________handlesporadiccasesandclusterinfectionstoavoidthevirusfromspreading.(immediately)hastilyIexasperatedpromptly

4.Iguesseveryone__________overthingsonceinawhile.(thinkmoodilyoranxiouslyaboutsomething)5.HerrelationshipwithMarkhasbecome_________.(lackingfreshness,boring)6.IntheplaybookofWesternanti-Chinapoliticians,thestoryofthispublichealthcrisisshouldbe-ChinesepeoplestrugglinginthequagmireofCOVID-19,whiletheWestplaystheroleofthesavior,andeveryonebecomes________believersoftheWesternsystem,valuesandideology.(deeplyreligious)7.Heevenearnedhisopponents'__________respect.(givenordoneunwillingly,reluctant)

broodsstaledevoutgrudging8.TheUShasharmedthebasisofhumanrightsoversurvivalanddevelopmentwhile_________talkingaboutpeople'spoliticalrights.(inawaythatisnotdetailedorexact,mistily)9.Japaneseshouldtakefurthermeasuresto__________itsactionsandapologizetothecomfortwomenwhowereforcedintoprostitutionandsexuallyabusedatJapanesemilitarybrothelsbeforeandduringWorldWarII.(makeamendsfor)10.I

was

_________________

to

find

that

everyoneelsealready

knew

it.

(anxious,confused,orembarrassed)vaguelyatonefordisconcertedPartTwoQuestionsforunderstandingQuestionsforunderstandingWhydidn’tmyauntallowHsiangLin'sWifetosetoutthewinecupsandchopsticks?WhathappenedtothesonofHsiangLin'sWife,AhMao?WhydidsomeoldwomengospeciallytolookforHsiangLin'sWife?HowdidpeoplefeelafterHsiangLin'sWifetoldhersadstoryoverandoveragain?II.Questionsforunderstanding5.WhydidLiuMaonlywashthesacrificialdishes?6.WhydidLiuMasaytheKingofHellwouldcutHsiangLin'sWifeintwo?7.WhatdidHsiangLin'sWifedoaftersheaftertheconversationbetweenherandLiuMa?8.WhathappenedtoHsiangLin'sWifeaftershewasstillforbiddentotouchthesacrificialutensils?II.PartThreeIntroductiontotheAuthorIntroductiontotheAuthorIII.Famous

litterateur,oneofthemostinfluentialChinesewritersofthe20thcentury.Thinker.Anotedtranslator.founderofChinesemodernliterature,modernbaihua(白話),orvernacularliterature.ImportantparticipantofMay4thNewCultureMovement.LuXun-

ZhouShuren.

(1881-1936)ThelifeofLuXunIn1902,hewenttoJapantostudyabroad.

HewasadoctorinSendaiMedicalCollege.Helaterworkedinliteratureandart,hopingtochangethenationalspirit.HereturnedtoChinain1909andtaughtinHangzhouandShaoxingsuccessively.

InAugust1926,hewentsouthtoXiamenUniversitytobethechairmanoftheChineseDepartment.

InJanuary1927,hewenttoGuangzhouandservedasDeanoffacultyatZhongshanUniversity.HediedoftuberculosisonOctober19,1936.FeaturesofLuXun’sWorksHisessays,whicharefullofmodernity,freedom,criticism

and

combat,arethemostfrequentlyused"criticalweapons"bylaterwriters.HeharshlycriticizesthesocialproblemsinChina,particularlyinhisanalysisofthe"Chinesenationalcharacter."Hehasoftenbeenconsideredtohavehadleftist

leanings.WorksofLuxun:collectionofnovelsWorksofLuxun:collectionofessaysTranslationPartFourThediversityofsentences①主語(yǔ)＋不及物動(dòng)詞（S+Vi）e.g.Thingschange.②主語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞＋表(S+LV+predicative)e.g.Sheisakindgirl.e.g.Itisatraditionalcustomtoeatmoon-cakesduringtheMid-AutumnFestival.③主語(yǔ)＋及物動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)(S+Vt+O)e.g.Anneatsjunkfoodtwiceaweek.④主語(yǔ)＋雙賓動(dòng)詞+間賓+直賓(S+Vt+O.indir+O.dir)e.g.Afriendgavemeapresent.⑤主語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(S+Vt.+O+O.complement)e.g.Today,wecallEinsteinagenius.簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型Thewomanbroughttwoglassesofbeerandtwofeltpads.Sheputthefeltpadsandthebeerglassesonthetableandlookedatthemanandthegirl.Thegirlwaslookingoffatthelineofhills.Theywerewhiteinthesunandthecountrywasbrownanddry.(HillsLikeWhiteElephants)Hemingway’sNovelsThemostimportanteventinmyuncle‘shouseholdwastheancestralsacrifice.FormerlythishadbeenthebusiesttimeforHsiangLin'sWife.Nowshehadverylittletodo.Themostimportanteventinmyuncle'shouseholdwastheancestralsacrifice,_______formerlythishadbeenthebusiesttimeforHsiangLin'sWife;_______nowshehadverylittletodo.(Para1)Coordination:addingconjunctionsandbut

Thisstorywasrathereffective.Menhearditandtheyoftenstoppedsmilingandwalkedawaydisconcerted.Thisstorywasrathereffective,_________menheardittheyoftenstoppedsmilingandwalkedawaydisconcerted（8） Subordination:linkinglinguisticunitsandwhene.g.Ourneighborhasacat.ItsnameisWillieShakespeare.ItisaSiamese.Itisextremelyintelligent.OurneighborhasanextremelyintelligentSiamesecat,namedWillieShakespeare.e.g.Themoonisnowdriftingawayfromtheearth.Itmovesawayattherateofaboutoneinchayear.Themoonisnowdriftingawayfromtheearthattherateofaboutoneinchayear.Howtoimprovethefollowingsentences?ThomasJeffersonwasbornin1743.HediedatMonticello,Virginia,onJuly4,1826.Heaccomplishedanumberofthingsduringhiseighty-fouryears.HewasknownforhisdraftoftheDeclarationofIndependence.Jeffersonwasamanofmanytalents.Hehadawideintellectualrange.Hewasapatriot,andhewasoneoftherevolutionaryfounderoftheUnitedStates.Howtoimprovethefollowingpassage?ThomasJeffersonwasbornin1743anddiedatMonticello,Virginia,onJuly4,1826.Duringhiseighty-fouryearsheaccomplishedanumberofthings.AlthoughbestknownforhisdraftoftheDeclarationofIndependence,Jeffersonwasamanofmanytalentswhohadawideintellectualrange.HewasapatriotwhowasoneoftherevolutionaryfounderoftheUnitedStates.Revisedversion:Coordination&subordinationHowdodiversifythesentences?Usecompoundpredicates;Useinversions;Usepresentparticipleasadverbialadjunct;Use“With”compositestructure;Useparenthesis.1.Compoundpredicates我一清早起來(lái)就開(kāi)了門(mén)，拿小籃盛了一籃豆，叫我們的阿毛坐在門(mén)檻上剝豆去。Igotupatdawnandopenedthedoor,filledasmallbasketwithbeansandcalledourAhMaotogoandsitonthethresholdandshellthem.我就在屋后劈柴，掏米，米下了鍋，要蒸豆。我叫阿毛，沒(méi)有應(yīng)，……Then

Ichoppedwoodatthebackofthehouseandwashedtherice,andwhenthericewasinthepanandIwantedtoboilthebeansIcalledAhMao,buttherewasnoanswer;祥林嫂似很局促了，立刻斂了笑容，旋轉(zhuǎn)眼光，自去看雪花。Asifratherembarrassed,HsiangLin‘sWifeimmediatelystoppedsmiling,avertedhereyesandlookedatthesnow-flakes.（Para25）2.Inversion直到下半天，幾個(gè)人尋到山坳里，看見(jiàn)刺柴上掛著一只他的小鞋。Onlyintheafternoon,afterlookingeverywhereelse,didtheygotolookintheglenandseeoneofhislittleshoescaughtonabramble.（Para7）早飯之后，她便到鎮(zhèn)的西頭的土地廟里去求捐門(mén)檻，廟祝起初執(zhí)意不允許，直到她急得流淚，才勉強(qiáng)答應(yīng)了。Thetemplepriestswouldnotagreeatfirst,andonlywhensheshedtearsdidtheygiveagrudgingconsent.Thepricewastwelvethousandcash.（Para29）2.Inversion快夠一年，她才從四嬸手里支取了歷來(lái)積存的工錢(qián)，換算了十二元鷹洋，請(qǐng)假到鎮(zhèn)的西頭去。Onlyafternearlyayeardidshetakefrommyauntherwageswhichhadaccumulated.（Para33）直到四叔上香的時(shí)候，教她走開(kāi)，她才走開(kāi)。Onlywhenmyunclecametoburnincenseandtoldhertogo,didshewalkaway.（Para36）2.Inversion-Exercise山腳下有座廟。Atthefootofthemountainis/lies/standsatemple.出席會(huì)議的是來(lái)自許多城市的專(zhuān)家。Gonearethedayswhenphysicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.只憑體力勞動(dòng)就能謀生的日子一去不復(fù)返了。Presentattheconferencearemanyteachersfromdifferentcities.3.Presentparticipleasadverbialadjunct她全不理會(huì)那些事，只是直著眼睛，和大家講她自己日夜不忘的故事：Shedidnotmindthisintheleast,only,lookingstraightinfrontofher,shewouldtelleverybodyherstory,whichnightordaywasneveroutofhermind.（Para6）直到她（祥林嫂）說(shuō)到嗚咽，她們也就一齊流下那停在眼角上的眼淚，嘆息一番，滿足的去了，一面還紛紛的評(píng)論著。Whenhervoicetrailedawayandshestartedtocry,theyjoinedin,shedding

thetearswhichhadgatheredintheireyes.（Para8）3.Presentparticipleasadverbialadjunct她就只是反復(fù)的向人說(shuō)她悲慘的故事，常常引住了三五個(gè)人來(lái)聽(tīng)她。Sheaskednothingbetterthantotellhersadstoryoverandoveragain,oftengatheringthreeorfourhearers.（Para9） 他們立即打斷她的話，走開(kāi)去了。Promptlycuttingshortherrecital,theywalkedaway.（Para11）你站在橋上看風(fēng)景（斷章）Youstandonthebridgewatchingthescenery.3.PresentparticipleasattributivesWe’lltakethebus(whichis)waitingbytheroadsidetogototheOceanPark.Thepicturehangsonthewall.Itwaspaintedbyafamousartist.Thepicturehangingonthewallwaspaintedbyafamousartist.Andsureenoughwhentheywentfurtherintherehewas,lyinginthewolf'slair,withallhisentrailseatenaway,hishandstilltightlyclutchingthatsmallbasket....4.“With”

compositestructure再進(jìn)去；果然，他躺在草窠里，肚里的五臟已經(jīng)都給吃空了，可憐他手里還緊緊的捏著那只小籃呢。with+賓語(yǔ)+adj.adv.nounprepositionalphrasev-ingv-edtodo主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行被動(dòng)、完成將要發(fā)生“With”compositestructure1.