大學英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷80（共110題）

大學英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷80（共4套）（共110題）大學英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、仔細閱讀(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Imagineeatingeverythingdeliciousyouwant—withnoneofthefatThatwouldbegreat,wouldn'tit?New"fakefat"productsappearedonstoreshelvesintheUnitedStatesrecently,butnoteveryoneishappyaboutit.Makersoftheproducts,whichcontainacompoundcalledolestra,sayfoodmanufacturerscannoweliminatefatfromcertainfoods.Critics,however,saythenewcompoundcanrobthebodyofessentialvitaminsandnutrientsandcanalsocauseunpleasantsideeffectsinsomepeople.Soit'suptoconsumerstodecidewhetherthenewfat-freeproductstastegoodenoughtokeepeating.Chemistsdiscoveredolestrainthelate1960s,whentheyweresearchingforafatthatcouldbedigestedbyinfantsmoreeasily.Insteadoffindingthedesiredfat,theresearcherscreatedafatthatcan'tbedigestedatall.Normally,specialchemicalsintheintestines(腸)"grab"moleculesofregularfatandbreakthemdownsotheycanbeusedbythebody.Amoleculeofregularfatismadeupofthreemoleculesofsubstancescalledfattyacids.ThefattyacidsareabsorbedbytheintestinesandbringwiththemtheessentialvitaminsA,D,E,andK.Whenfatmoleculesarepresentintheintestineswithanyofthosevitamins,thevitaminsattachtothemoleculesandarecarriedintothebloodstream.Olestra,whichismadefromsixtoeightmoleculesoffattyacids,istoolargefortheintestinestoabsorb.Itjustslidesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingbrokendown.Manufacturerssayit'sthatabilitytoslideunchangedthroughtheintestinesthatmakesolestrasovaluableasafatsubstitute.Itprovidesconsumerswiththetasteofregularfatwithoutanybadeffectsonthebody.ButcriticssayolestracanpreventvitaminsA,D,E,andKfrombeingabsorbed.Itcanalsopreventtheabsorptionofcarotenoids(類胡蘿卜素),compoundsthatmayreducetheriskofcancer,heartdisease,etc.ManufacturersareaddingvitaminsA,D,E,andKaswellascarotenoidstotheirproductsnow.Evenso,somenutritionistsarestillconcernedthatpeoplemighteatunlimitedamountsoffoodmadewiththefatsubstitutewithoutworryingabouthowmanycaloriestheyareconsuming.1、Welearnfromthepassagethatolestraisasubstancethat_____.A、containsplentyofnutrientsB、makesfoodsfat-freewhilekeepingthemdeliciousC、rendersfoodscalorie-freewhileretainingtheirvitaminsD、makesfoodseasilydigestible標準答案：B知識點解析：第2段第2句提到“生產(chǎn)含有Olestra化合物的食品的廠商認為使用Olestra能除掉某些食品中的脂肪”，在第6段，作者又指出“Olestra不為腸胃吸收，并能保持脂肪的美味而不對身體產(chǎn)生有害的影響”，因此B與文中所闡述的觀點一致；A與文中提到Olestra會阻止人體吸收某些維生素和類胡蘿卜素相悖；C、D同樣與原文的意思相悖。2、Theresultofthesearchforaneasilydigestiblefatturnedouttobe_____.A、justasanticipatedB、commerciallyuselessC、quiteunexpectedD、somewhatcontroversial標準答案：C知識點解析：第3段提到“20世紀60年代后期，化學家在尋找一種容易為嬰兒吸收的脂肪時發(fā)現(xiàn)了Olestra，但卻發(fā)現(xiàn)它根本不能為人體吸收”，因此，此結(jié)果是出乎意料的，C與此觀點一致。3、Olestraisdifferentfromordinaryfatsinthat_____.A、itfacilitatestheabsorptionofvitaminsbythebodyB、itpassesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingabsorbedC、ithelpsreducetheincidenceofheartdiseaseD、itpreventsexcessiveintakeofvitamins標準答案：B知識點解析：第6段首句提到“Olestra因體積太大，含有6—8個脂肪酸分子，而不能被腸胃分解吸收”，因此B正確。A、D與文中所表達的意思相悖；只有類胡蘿卜素才有此功能，因此C不對。4、Whatisapossiblenegativeeffectofolestraaccordingtosomecritics?A、Itmayincreasetheriskofcancer.B、Itmayspoiltheconsumers’appetite.C、Itmayimpairthedigestivesystem.D、Itmayaffecttheoverallfatintake.標準答案：A知識點解析：第6段第5句提到“一些批評家認為Olestra阻止人體吸收維生素A、D、E、K和類胡蘿卜素，而類胡蘿卜素卻是一種能減少癌癥及心臟病發(fā)病率的化合物”，因此，A正確；B與文章所陳述之意相悖；C和D文中沒有提及。5、Whyarenutritionistsconcernedaboutaddingvitaminstoolestra?A、Peoplemaybeinducedtoeatmorethanisnecessary.B、Itmaytriggeranewwaveoffakefoodproduction.C、Itmayleadtotheover-consumptionofvitamins.D、Thefunctionoftheintestinesmaybeweakened.標準答案：A知識點解析：文章最后一段第2句提到“一些營養(yǎng)學家擔心這樣一來，人們也許會不加限制地享用由代脂肪制成的食品，從而攝取更多的熱量”，A與文中所陳述的觀點一致；其他三項在文中均沒有進行陳述。ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorf'sassertionthatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationofknowledgeforpracticalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.Yetwewoulddowelltoremindourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation;itdoesnotexistnaturally.Aspearorarobotisasmuchaculturalasaphysicalobject.Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameorarobottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.Forabirdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthepurposeequallywell.TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidentatChernobyldrivehomethehumanqualityoftechnology;theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlywenthaywire(變得混亂)andtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.Sincetechnologyisahumancreation,weareresponsibleforwhatisdonewithit.Pessimistsworrythatwewilluseourtechnologyeventuallytoblowourworldandourselvestopieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfordecades,andsofarwehavemanagedtosurviveandevenflourish.Whetherwewillcontinuetodosointheyearsaheadremainsuncertain.Clearly,theimpactoftechnologyonourlivesdeservesacloserexamination.Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehadagreaterimpactonourlivesthanthecomputerrevolution.Scientistsandengineershavedesignedspecializedmachinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.Therearethosewhoassertthattheswitchtoaninformation-basedeconomyisinthesamecampasothergreathistoricalmilestones,particularlytheIndustrialRevolution.YetwhenweaskwhytheIndustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,wefindthatitwasnotthemachines.Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasarevolutionaryisthatitledtogreatsocialchange.Itgaverisetomassproductionand,throughmassproduction,toasocietyinwhichwealthwasnotconfinedtothefew.Insomewhatsimilarfashion,computerspromisetorevolutionizethestructureofAmericanlife,particularlyastheyfreethehumanmindandopennewpossibilitiesinknowledgeandcommunication.TheIndustrialRevolutionsupplementedandreplacedthemusclesofhumansandanimalsbymechanicalmethods.Thecomputerextendsthisdevelopmenttosupplementandreplacesomeaspectsofthemindofhumanbeingsbyelectronicmethods.Itisthecapacityofthecomputerforsolvingproblemsandmakingdecisionsthatrepresentsitsgreatestpotentialandthatposesthegreatestdifficultiesinpredictingtheimpactonsociety.6、Aspearorarobothasthequalityoftechnologyonlywhenit_____.A、isusedbothasaculturalandaphysicalobjectB、servesdifferentpurposesequallywellC、isutilizedbymanD、canbeofusetobothmanandanimal標準答案：C知識點解析：第2段第3句提到，除非人們用矛去捕獲獵物或用機器人去生產(chǎn)機器零件，否則二者都只不過是硬梆梆的物體而已。也就是說只有這些東西為人類所用的時候，它們才具有科技含量，C正確。其他選項利用原文個別信息，胡亂拼湊而成，不符題意。7、TheexamplesoftheChallengerandChernobylcitedbytheauthorservetoshowthat_____.A、ifnotgivencloseexamination,technologycouldbeusedtodestroyourworldB、technologyisahumancreation,soweareresponsibleforitC、technologyusuallygoeswrong,ifnotcontrolledbymanD、beingahumancreation,technologyisliabletoerror標準答案：D知識點解析：根據(jù)題干關鍵詞theChallengerandChernobyl查找到第2段第5句。該句提到，美國“挑戰(zhàn)者號”航天飛機的爆炸以及俄羅斯“切爾諾貝利”核泄露事件徹底暴露了技術(shù)的人為性特征。也就是說技術(shù)是人為創(chuàng)造出來的，容易出問題，D正確。B雖然文中有所提及，卻不是作者舉例要說明的問題，A、C在原文中找不到依據(jù)。8、Accordingtotheauthor,theintroductionofthecomputerisarevolutionmainlybecause_____.A、thecomputerhasrevolutionizedtheworkingsofthehumanmindB、thecomputercandothetasksthatcouldonlybedonebypeoplebeforeC、ithashelpedtoswitchtoaninformationtechnologyD、ithasagreatpotentialimpactonsociety標準答案：D知識點解析：第3段倒數(shù)第2句提到，工業(yè)革命之所以是一場革命，原因不在于機器的革新，主要原因是工業(yè)革命引發(fā)了巨大的社會變化，因此D正確。其他三個選項為這一變化的某一具體表現(xiàn)，不夠全面，因此排除。9、Byusingthephrase"thehumanqualityoftechnology"(Line6,Para.2),theauthorreferstothefactthattechnology_____.A、hasagreatimpactonhumanlifeB、hassomecharacteristicsofhumannatureC、canreplacesomeaspectsofthehumanmindD、doesnotexistinthenaturalworld標準答案：B知識點解析：根據(jù)題干查找到第2段，本詞組所在句以兩個技術(shù)事件說明技術(shù)的人為性特征，即技術(shù)同人性一樣，存在弱點，B正確。10、Thepassageisbasedontheauthor’s_____.A、keeninsightintothenatureoftechnologyB、prejudicedcriticismoftheroleoftheIndustrialRevolutionC、cautiousanalysisofthereplacementofthehumanmindbycomputersD、exaggerateddescriptionofthenegativeconsequencesoftechnology標準答案：A知識點解析：本題可用排除法。B中的“批判”、C中的“人類思維被電腦取代”在原文找不到作者的相關觀點；雖然文中提及科技帶來負面的東西，卻沒有對技術(shù)的負面影響進行夸大的描述，D項也可排除，A正確。InthebattlefortheyoungsodadrinkersofChina,U.S.-basedPepsi-Colamayhavefoundapowerfulnewweapon:youngstreetsellerstoting(背負)backpacksodadispensers.Itmaysoundtrivial,butinChina'steeming(擁擠的)cities,gettingcoldcarbonateddrinksintothehandsoftheyoungcanbeastruggle.Vendingmachinesareoftenoutoforder,hawkerswithpushcartscan'tkeepdrinkscoldenough,andthefriendlymom-and-popcomerstoresjustdon'tcutitwithteenagerstryingtoacthip.ThebackpackdispensersarethelatesttwistinacontinuingbattlebetweenPepsi-ColaandrivalCoca-ColaforChina'ssodadrinkers.Since1996,PepsihasvirtuallyconcededdominancetoCoca-Colainallbutafewinternationalmarkets.AmongtheexceptionsisChina,wherePepsi-Colabelievesitcanmakealaststandbyappealingtoyouth.Sofar,however,ithasn'tgainedmuchground.ResearchfirmACNielsensaysaJanuarysurveyindicatedCoca-Colahadcaptured47%ofChina'smarketforcarbonatedbeverages—SpriteandFanta.Pepsi-Cola'ssharelaggedwellbehindat19%,mostofwhichwasduetoPepsi,followedby7-UpandMountainDew.Globally,Coca-Colahada51%shareofbeveragesaleslastyear,comparedwith21%forPepsi-Cola.Coca-Cola'sChinamarketingdirectorinHongKong,JohnCheung,sayshisfirmtriedbackpackdispensersinChinaafewyearsagobutdecidedtheyweren'tpayingoffbecausethedrinkswarmeduptooquickly.ButPepsi-Cola'sTansaysthedispensershiscompanyuses—madebyU.S.-basedThirstEndersInternational—keeptherateofwarmingtoaminimum:twodegreesanhouronahotday.WithshoppersinChengdugulpingdownthe32cupsineachtankwithinanhour,thedrinksarealwayscool.CheungadmitsthatanotherreasonforCoca-Cola'sdisappointingresultswasthatitpickedolder,unemployedadultstowearthedispensers,ratherthanupbeatyoungpeople.Pepsi-Colaavoidedthatmistakebyrecruitingfromuniversities."Wewantpeoplewhocanbeidentifiedbytheyoungcustomerswithsellingthedrinks,"saysTan."Theyneedtobeyoung,energeticandoutgoing."Pepsi-ColaalsohasusedthedispensersinthePhilippinesandSingaporeforpromotionsandsportingevents.InChina,itmaystartusingthematsoccergames—itsponsorsthecountry'spremierleague.Tansayshewantstotakethepacksnationwide"assoonaspossible".Thatwillmeanconvincingbottlersanddistributorstostumpup$1,000foreachpack.(UnderPepsi-Cola'sarrangementswithitslocalpartners,thepartnersbearthefullcost.)Coca-Cola'sCheungadmitshe'swatchingPepsi-Cola'sgambit(策略)carefully."Ifthedaycomesthatthebackpackissuchabigadvantage,"hesays,"We'llusethemtoo."11、Accordingtothethirdparagraph,thebackpack-dispenserapproachappeared_____.A、promisingB、ineffectiveC、toworkinonlyfewinternationalmarketsD、tocausePepsitolosemoremarketshare標準答案：B知識點解析：第3段第4句及從第5句開始所顯示的數(shù)據(jù)都表明百事公司采用的背包式飲料機策略沒有效果，B為本題答案。從第3段首句可知百事可樂公司對背包式飲料機策略寄予了厚望，但該段的數(shù)據(jù)表明這個策略并沒有帶來成功，A不正確：C文中沒有提及；第3段最后兩句對比了兩家公司的市場份額，但這并不是使用了背包式飲料機之后的市場份額，D無從說起。12、Itcanbeinferredthatthemostsuccessfulbackpackdispensersmustbe_____.A、lightenoughforsalespeopletowearB、externallyappealingtoyoungpeopleC、thermallystableenoughD、technologicallyflawless標準答案：C知識點解析：第4段第1句和第2句圍繞的話題是背包式飲料機的保溫問題，百事公司在成都的成功就在于他們使用的飲料機能夠使飲料保持相對穩(wěn)定的溫度，C為本題答案。A和B原文并未討論；D過于絕對了。13、Coca-Cola’swrongchoiceofitsstreetsellersshowsthat_____.A、colaismorepopularwithyoungpeopleB、peopleprefertobuycolaatregularstoresC、universitystudentsaremorecapablesellersD、thecompanyconsiderstoomuchaboutcost標準答案：A知識點解析：第5段對比了可口可樂和百事可樂對背負飲料機的銷售人員的選擇，從這個對比可以看出，可口可樂公司的失敗就在于它沒有注重產(chǎn)品的消費對象是年輕人，由此可知，可樂更受年輕人歡迎，本題應選A。B與該對比無關：C和D都沒有原文依據(jù)。14、WhatisJohnCheung’sattitudetowardsthefeasibilityofthebackpackstrategy?A、Optimistic.B、Disappointed.C、Doubtful.D、Cautious.標準答案：D知識點解析：在第4段和第5段，JohnCheung分析了可口可樂公司使用背包式飲料機失敗的原因，這似乎表明他對飲料機很失望，但在末段他卻表示如果百事可樂公司的策略證明有用的話，他們也會跟著采用，其中的carefully表明他對飲料機的看法是審慎的，因此D為本題答案。15、WhatcanweinferaboutthePepsi’sbackpackstrategy?A、Thebackpackstrategyismosteffectivelyusedinsportsevents.B、ThebackpackdispensersneedtobefinancedbyPepsi’spartners.C、ThebackpackstrategywillbecarriedoutsoonthroughoutChina.D、ThebackpackdispensersusedinthePhilippinesprovedasuccess.標準答案：B知識點解析：選項B中的finance與第6段末句括號中的bearthefullcost意思相近，由此可知，B為正確的說法。A中的mosteffectively無從證實；該段提及百事希望飲料機可以“盡快”在中國普及，但“盡快”是多快卻難以推斷，C不正確；D中的provedasuccess沒有相關細節(jié)支持。Inthe1920sAmericaenjoyedwhatwastobecomeknownas"anAgeofExcess".From1921-1929manufacturingoutputincreasedwithonlyasmallcheck—themildrecessionof1924,andrealGNP(1929prices)rose45.6percent.Inrealtermsitwasavigorousexpansionwiththeaddedattractionsofstableprices,risingrealwages,andmainly"full"employment.Sothe1920s'boomremainsalegendintheAmericaneconomichistory.Theboomwascreatedbyseveralfactorsthatworkedtogether.Thethreepresidentsofthetwenties,Harding,CoolidgeandHooverwereallRepublicanswhosupportedbusinessandthestockmarket.TheRepublicanswereagainstanykindofwelfarestateorthegovernmentregulatingbusiness.TheyintroducedlowertaxratesandraisedtariffsonforeigngoodssotheycouldnotcompetewithAmericanbusiness.Thiswasknownas"protectionism".America'seconomyhadnotsufferedfromWorldWarI.Infactithadbeenstrengthenedbytradingarmstotheallies.Inthetwenties,therewasasubstantialgrowthinproduction,jobs,profits,wagesandthestandardofliving.Thegrowthinproductioncreatedmorejobs,andbecausemorepeoplehadmoremoneytheycouldbuythenewlyproducedgoods.Moregoodsneededtobeproducedsomorejobsandprofitswerecreated.Thisledtothetwentiesseeingthestartofmassproductionandconsumerism.Forthefirsttimeitemslikecarsandrefrigeratorswereavailableandaffordabletothemiddleclasses,andsecondaryindustriessuchasadvertisingbecameveryprofitable.Therewasaninevitablechangeintheideasandactionsofsociety.Peoplecouldaffordtoenjoytheirleisuretimeandtheleisureindustriesalsoboomed.MuchofAmericanSocietywaschangedbytheBoom.Morepeoplecouldgooutandenjoythemselvesbecauseoftheincreasedleisuretimeandaffluenceofsociety.WriterF.ScottFitzgeraldcalledit"theAgeofExcess".JazzmusichadamassiveeffectontheyouthofAmerica,astheybecamemoreoutgoing.Morestartedsmokingandgoingout,andwomenstartedtowearshorterskirtsandothermoreoutrageousfashions.Oldergenerationshatedthenewmusicandshowedapparentdisrespectofyoungerpeople.Anewkindofwomanwascreated,calleda"flapper".Hollywoodpromotedthesewomenandtheirfashionsastherogueactressesbecameiconsforotheryoungladies.Tomost,thesewomenwerenothingbutasignofthetimes,adeclineintraditionalstandards.16、Fromthepassage,welearnthat"theAgeofExcess"____.A、wastheresultof"protectionism"and"consumerism"B、wasthemosteconomicallyprosperoustimesintheU.S.C、wasatermfirstusedbyawriternamedF.ScottFitzgeraldD、wastheonlyperiodwhentheunemploymentratewaszero標準答案：C知識點解析：末段第3句雖然沒有直接說明Fitzgerald是首位使用“縱樂的年代”的人，但從句中的calledit可以推斷“縱樂的年代”這個叫法是由Fitzgerald創(chuàng)造的，因此C正確。第2段倒數(shù)第4句表明“消費主義”是由20年代(“縱樂的年代”)引發(fā)的，A把順序調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)了；雖然首段末句指出20年代的經(jīng)濟仍然是legend，但不能就此判斷當時的經(jīng)濟“最”繁榮，B錯；D的說法過于絕對了。17、ThethreerepublicanpresidentscontributedtotheboomofU.S.economyinthe1920’sbecausetheyadvocated______.A、theideaofwelfarestateB、businessregulatedbythegovernmentC、raisingdutiesonimportedgoodsD、businesscompetitionamongcountries標準答案：C知識點解析：C中的duties和importedgoods分別為第2段第4句中的tariff和foreigngoods的近義替換詞，C為本題答案。A和B都是三位總統(tǒng)反對的做法；第2段第4句表明美國提高外國貨品的關稅，使外國貨品不能與本國貨品競爭，由此可見，三位總統(tǒng)并不支持國家之間的商業(yè)競爭，D不正確。18、Itcanbeinferredthatmassproductionstartedwhen______A、theneedsforconsumergoodskeptgrowingB、themiddleclasscouldaffordtobuyluxuriesC、secondaryindustriesbecameprofitableD、peoplehadmoreleisuretimeactivities標準答案：A知識點解析：第2段倒數(shù)第4句中的thisledto表明大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的原因可在前面幾句話中找到。根據(jù)該段倒數(shù)第5句和第6句可以推斷，由于消費者有能力購買更多的商品，使大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)成為必要，A正確。其他選項都不是導致大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的原因。19、Theword"affluence"(Line2,Para.3)isclosestin,meaningto"___".A、wealthB、influenceC、standardD、diversity標準答案：A知識點解析：末段首句和第2句說的都是美國社會在20年代的變化，由此可知，社會的affluence與theBoom相關，而且是讓人們能enjoythemselves的條件，再聯(lián)系與之并列的increasedleisuretime，可知affluence應該是一個褒義詞，A是對affluence最恰當?shù)睦斫狻?0、Whatwasmostpeople’sattitudetoward"flappers"?A、Theyregardedthesewomenastheiricons.B、Theyreckonedthesewomentobefashionable.C、Theyheapedhatreduponthesewomen.D、Theythoughtthesewomenweredegenerated.標準答案：D知識點解析：末段末句中的tomost表明這一句就是大多數(shù)人對flappers的看法，而句中的nothingbut．．．a(chǎn)decline表明D是本題答案。由末段倒數(shù)第2句可知A并不是大多數(shù)人的看法：末句表明大多數(shù)人認為flapper是時代的象征，并不表示他們認同flapper是“時髦的”，B不能由此句推斷；人們對flappers的看法更多的是批判，而不是憎恨，C也不正確。大學英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、詞匯理解(本題共30題，每題1.0分，共30分。)Manycountrieshaveaholidaytocelebrateworkers'rightsonoraroundMay1,butLabourDayinCanadaiscelebratedonthefirstMondayofSeptember.Canada'sLabourDaywas【C1】______celebratedinthespringbutitwasmovedtothefallafter1894.TheoriginsofLabourDaycanbetracedbacktoApril15,1872,whentheTorontoTradesAssemblyorganizedCanada'sfirstsignificant【C2】______forworker'srights.Theaimofthedemonstrationwastoreleasethe24leadersoftheTorontoTypographicalUnionwhowereimprisonedfor【C3】______tocampaignforanine-hourworkingday.Atthistime,tradeunionswerestillillegalandwhattheydidwasseenasacriminalconspiracyto【C4】______trade.Inspiteofthis,theTorontoTradesAssemblywasalreadyasignificantorganizationandencouragedworkerstoformtradeunions,【C5】______indisputesbetweenemployersandemployeesandsignalledthe【C6】______ofworkers.Therewas【C7】______publicsupportfortheparadeandtheauthoritiescouldnolongerdenytheimportantrolethatthetradeunionshadtoplayinthe【C8】______Canadiansociety.Afewmonthslater,asimilarparadewasorganizedinOttawaandpassedthehouseofCanada'sfirstprimeminister,SirJohnMacdonald.Laterintheday,heappearedbeforethegatheringandpromisedto【C9】______allCanadianlawsagainsttradeunions.Thishappenedinthesameyearand【C10】______ledtothefoundingoftheCanadianLabourCongressin1883.Asimilarholiday,LabourDayisheldonthesamedayintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Canadiantradeunionsareproudthatthisholidaywasinspiredbytheireffortstoimproveworkers'rights.A)disruptB)enormousC)lashedD)mutteringE)strikingF)mediatedG)originallyH)perpetualI)eventuallyJ)emergingK)gestureL)mistreatmentM)repealN)paradeO)practically1、【C1】標準答案：G知識點解析：由was——celebrated動詞被動語態(tài)可知，此處應填副詞。根據(jù)本句和下一句句意，勞動節(jié)可追溯到1872年4月，后在1894年被改到秋季慶祝．可知此處意為“最初”，因此選originally。2、【C2】標準答案：N知識點解析：此處應填名詞。根據(jù)句意分析，貿(mào)易聯(lián)合會組織了一場運動，其目的是要求政府釋放工人領袖，且這場運動和下一句demonstration表達的意思應相近．巧合的是，第三段第一、二句中反復出現(xiàn)的一詞parade本身即為選項，因此選parade“游行”。3、【C3】標準答案：E知識點解析：由介詞for可知，此處應填名詞或動名詞。并且這個詞在意思上應與下一句criminalconspiracy接近，句意為工人領袖由于要求實行9小時的工作制被政府關押收監(jiān)，他們的作為在當時被視為犯罪陰謀，故選striking“罷工”。4、【C4】標準答案：A知識點解析：此處應填動詞。選項有兩個動詞disrupt和repeal，根據(jù)句意：工人的罷工行為被政府視為犯罪陰謀，干擾貿(mào)易更符合題意，因此選disrupt“妨礙．干擾”。5、【C5】標準答案：F知識點解析：由句中連詞and可知，此處應填表示并列結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞過去式?？蛇x項有l(wèi)ashed和mediated，短語mediateinsthbetween…and…更符合句意，調(diào)解勞資雙方的糾紛，故排除lashed而選mediated“調(diào)解”。6、【C6】標準答案：L知識點解析：此處應填名詞。因此，可選項有g(shù)esture、muttering和mistreatment。根據(jù)句意，曝光工人遭受的苛待符合題意，故選mistreatment“不公正的待遇”。7、【C7】標準答案：B知識點解析：此處應填形容詞?？蛇x項有enormous和perpetual，用來修飾名詞support．意為“民眾的大力支持有效地幫助游行者向政府施壓”，故enormous“大力的”更符合句意。8、【C8】標準答案：J知識點解析：此處應填形容詞。并且這個形容詞可以修飾名詞society，選項中只有emerging“新興的”符合題意，表示“新興的社會”。9、【C9】標準答案：M知識點解析：此處應填動詞，且能與laws構(gòu)成搭配?？蛇x項有disrupt和repeal，但disrupt已在前面的題目中選擇過，另外從句意來理解，總理承諾所有反對工會的法律條文，repeal“廢除”與句意相符。10、【C10】標準答案：I知識點解析：此處應填副詞。可選項有eventually和practically。根據(jù)句意，事件發(fā)生有先后之分和因果關聯(lián)，1872年總理做出承諾，這促使了之后1883年勞工議會的成立。應選eventually“最終”。Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhow【C1】______rewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviourists,whostudytherelationbetweenactionsandtheirconsequences,arguethatrewardscanimproveperformanceatworkandschool.Cognitiveresearchers,whostudyvariousaspectsof【C2】______life,【C3】______thoserewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapprovalandgiftsfromothers.Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,【C4】______amongeducators.Butthecarefuluseofsmall【C5】______rewardssparksingrade-schoolchildrensuggestingthatproperlypresentedinducementsindeed【C6】______inventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology."Iftheyknowthey'reworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelatively【C7】______task,theyshowthemostcreativity,"saysRobertEisenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark."Butit'seasytokillcreativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuch【C8】______forrewards."Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgradesforordinaryachievementendsupwithuninspiredstudents,Eisenbergerholds.Asanexampleofthelatterpoint,henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsand【C9】______fallinggrades.Inearliergrades,theuseofso-called【C10】______economies,inwhichstudentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,showspromiseinraisingeffortandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.A)maintainB)challengingC)eliminateD)internalE)hinderF)especiallyG)restoreH)monetaryI)ordinaryJ)aidK)externalL)anticipationM)generallyN)tokenO)mental11、【C1】標準答案：K知識點解析：此處應填形容詞。根據(jù)本句句意“心理學家對于從熱情的贊美到冷酷的現(xiàn)金的獎勵會影響一個人的動力和創(chuàng)造力持有截然不同的觀點”，可知warmpraisetocoldcash“熱情的贊美和冷酷的現(xiàn)金”都屬于externalrewards“外部的獎勵”，因此選external。12、【C2】標準答案：O知識點解析：此處應填形容詞。根據(jù)句意分析。Cognitiveresearchers，whostudyvariousaspectsoflife“研究生活方面的認知學研究專家”．此空應和認知學研究領域有關，縱觀選項，mental最合適，可指心理和精神，因此選mental。13、【C3】標準答案：A知識點解析：從語法可知，由who引導的定語從句將主語和謂語分開，此處應填動詞。再分析句意Cognitiveresearchers，whostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife，thoserewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapprovalandgiftsfromothers．“研究精神生活方面的認知學研究專家那些獎勵破壞了創(chuàng)造性。因為獎勵助長了對他人的認可和物質(zhì)方面的依賴”，縱觀選項．maintain“堅持認為，主張”符合題意。14、【C4】標準答案：F知識點解析：此處應填副詞?？蛇x項有兩個副詞有especially和generally，根據(jù)句意“后一種觀點贏得很多人的支持，教育學家”，especially“尤其”更符合題意，因此選especially。15、【C5】標準答案：H知識點解析：此處應填形容詞。聯(lián)系前文，認知學研究專家認為那些獎勵破壞了創(chuàng)造性，因為獎勵助長了對他人的認可和物質(zhì)方面的依賴，這種觀點尤其得到了教育學家的支持，“但是……獎勵……”，本句有轉(zhuǎn)折，平行閱讀后發(fā)現(xiàn)smallrewards和approvalandgifts應表示同樣的意思，選項中monetary“金錢的”符合句意。16、【C6】標準答案：J知識點解析：此處應填動詞。根據(jù)句意“但是《人格與社會心理學》雜志六月的一項研究表明在小學生中合理使用小數(shù)額的物質(zhì)獎勵顯示適當?shù)拇碳の飳嶋H創(chuàng)造力”，該句和前文所講的物質(zhì)獎勵破壞創(chuàng)造力存在前后轉(zhuǎn)折關系，所以該空意思應該是鼓勵而不是hinder“阻礙”，選項中aid“有助于”符合句意。17、【C7】標準答案：B知識點解析：此處應填形容詞?？蛇x項有challenging和ordinary，句意為“如果孩子們知道他們在為獲得獎勵而努力，并且能專注于相對的任務，那么他們就會表現(xiàn)出很強的創(chuàng)造力”，故challenging“挑戰(zhàn)的”更符合句意。18、【C8】標準答案：L知識點解析：此處應填名詞。該句句意為“但是如果孩子們表現(xiàn)糟糕也給予獎勵．或者造成他們對獎勵的過高，就很容易扼殺創(chuàng)造力”，選項中anticipation“期望”符合句意。19、【C9】標準答案：G知識點解析：此處應填動詞。Asanexampleofthelatterpoint，henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsandfallinggrades．“所以現(xiàn)在重點大學更加努力使評分標準更嚴格，低分?！甭?lián)系該段前文大意，若老師太過關注獎勵，對于表現(xiàn)平庸的孩子也給予高分，這會培養(yǎng)出沒有創(chuàng)見的學生。所以在評分標準嚴格之下，必有高分低分區(qū)別度，restore“恢復”低分．而不是eliminate“消除”低分。20、【C10】標準答案：N知識點解析：此處應填名詞或形容詞。根據(jù)句意Inearliergrades，theuseofso-called10economies，inwhichstudentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance—basedpointstowardvaluedrewards…即“在較低的年級．實行制度，即學生處理挑戰(zhàn)性的問題，根據(jù)其表現(xiàn)評分，以此決定得到什么價值的獎勵”?？芍笨諆?nèi)容應該和valuedrewards意思一致，選項中token“代幣”意思接近。另外，如果學生有詞匯積累，tokeneconomies有“標記獎勵法，代幣方法”的意思，進一步確認答案為token。Manychildrenfirstlearnthevalueofmoneybyreceivinganallowance.Thepurposeistoletchildrenlearnfromexperienceatanagewhenfinancialmistakesarenotvery【C1】______.Theamountofmoneythatparentsgivetotheirchildrentospendastheywishdiffersfromfamilytofamily.【C2】______isanotherconsideration.Somechildrengetaweeklyallowance.Othersgetamonthlyallowance.Inanycase,parentsshouldmakeclearwhat,ifanything,thechildisexpectedtopayforwiththemoney.Atfirst,youngchildrenmayspendalloftheirallowance【C3】______aftertheyreceiveit.Iftheydothis,theywilllearnthehardwaythatspendingmustbedonewithina【C4】______.Parentsareusuallyadvisednottooffermoremoneyuntilthenextallowance.Theobjectistoshowyoungpeoplethatabudgetdemandschoicesbetween【C5】______andsaving.Olderchildrenmaybe【C6】______enoughtosavemoneyforlargercosts,likeclothingorelectronics.Allowancesgivechildrenachancetoexperiencethethingstheycandowithmoney.Theycanshareitintheformofgiftsorgivingtoagoodcause.Theycanspenditbybuyingthingstheywant.Ortheycansaveandmaybeeven【C7】______it.Savinghelpschildrenunderstandthatcostlygoalsrequire【C8】______:youhavetocutcostsandplanforthefuture.Requiringchildrentosavepartoftheirallowancecanalsoopenthedoortofuturesavingandinvesting.Manybanksoffer【C9】______tohelpchildrenandteenagerslearnaboutpersonal【C10】______.A)budgetB)loansC)spendingD)patienceE)costlyF)responsibleG)secureH)cheapI)sacrificeJ)TimingK)limitL)soonM)servicesN)investO)finance21、【C1】標準答案：E知識點解析：此處應填形容詞。根據(jù)句意“很多孩子通過零花錢首次懂得金錢的價值。這樣的目的在于讓孩子在犯財務錯誤代價不年齡學習經(jīng)驗”，選項中形容詞costly和cheap可以備選，顯然句中意思是在犯財務錯誤代價不高的年齡學習經(jīng)驗，所以應選costly“昂貴的，代價高的”而不是cheap“便宜的”。22、【C2】標準答案：J知識點解析：此處應填名詞。根據(jù)句意分析“是另一個考慮。有些孩子每周得到零花錢，有些孩子每月得到零花錢?！贝丝諔蜁r間有關，選項中Timing表示“時機，時間安排”，復合句意，因此選Timing。23、【C3】標準答案：L知識點解析：從語法可知，此處缺副詞。再分析句意“起初，年幼的孩子可能會在拿到零花錢后——花完了所有的錢?！笨v觀選項，soon“很快”符合句意。24、【C4】標準答案：A知識點解析：此處應填名詞。聯(lián)系前后句“起初，年幼的孩子可能會在拿到零花錢后很快花完了所有的錢。他們?nèi)绻@樣做了，就歷經(jīng)艱難學到開支必須有”。這里所缺的名詞應表示限制，范圍的意思。選項中budget和limit備選，budget“預算”更符合本篇的語境和題材，另外，下一段首句也再次出現(xiàn)了budget，因此選budget。25、【C5】標準答案：C知識點解析：此處應填名詞。本句意思是“這樣做的目的是讓孩子們知道預算需要在和存款之間做出抉擇”，所缺名詞應該表示和存款saving相反的意思，選項中spending“支出”符合句意。26、【C6】標準答案：F知識點解析：此處應填形容詞。根據(jù)句意“年紀大一點的孩子可能足夠，他們省錢以備應付更大的開支，比如說衣服或者電子產(chǎn)品?！边x項中responsible“可靠的，負責的”符合句意。27、【C7】標準答案：N知識點解析：此處應填動詞。本段大意是零用錢給了孩子們一個機會去體驗他們能用錢做的事，他們可以買自己想要的東西，“可以存起來甚至是”。根據(jù)邏輯分析，從花錢spend到存錢save，存在遞進的關系，下一個名詞應該表示再進一步的關系．故invest“投資”比secure“保護”更符合句意。28、【C8】標準答案：I知識點解析：此處應填名詞。該句意為“儲蓄幫助孩子們明白，昂貴的目標需要：必須精簡開支．為未來打算”．選項中sacrifice“犧牲”比patience“耐心”更符合句意。29、【C9】標準答案：M知識點解析：此處應填名詞。該句意為“許多銀行為兒童和青少年提供”。選項中