Unit6Survival知識點梳理清單高中英語選擇性

高中英語選擇性必修第二冊Unit6Survival知識點梳理核心詞匯1.estimatev．估計，估算n．(對數(shù)量、成本等)估計；估價【單句語法填空】Theyestimatethecostofthetripat$3,000.Thetreeisestimatedtobe(be)atleast700yearsold.Peopleestimatethat80%ofallconversationinEnglishissmalltalk.句式升級Itisestimatedthat80%ofallconversationinEnglishissmalltalk.[用主語從句升級句（3）]【要點歸納】estimatesthat估算beestimatedtobe/have/cost估計是/有/花費estimatethat估計……Itisestimatedthat...據(jù)估計……2.appreciatev．欣賞，賞識；感激，感謝【單句語法填空】（1）Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldeandguideus.（2）HereIsincerelyexpressmyappreciation(appreciate)ifyoucouldhelpfindthelostsuitcase.（3）Ireallyappreciateworking(work)withsomeonewhofullyappreciatesthesignificanceofhardwork.【翻譯句子】（4）(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)當(dāng)Bernard接過裝滿爆米花的籃子時，感激的淚水涌上了他的眼睛。TearsofappreciationwelledupinhiseyesasBernardacceptedthebasketfilledwithpopcorn.【要點歸納】（1）appreciate＋n./pron./v.ing重視/感激……Iwouldappreciateitif...假如……，我將不勝感激。appreciate＋that/wh從句理解/意識到……（2）appreciationn.欣賞；感激convey/expressone'sappreciation表達感激3.reactv．(作出)反應(yīng)；起(化學(xué))反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)【單句語法填空】Whichofthemetalsinthetablereactsthemostwithoxygenandwater?TheywerenotsurehowtheAmericanswouldreacttothenewtypeofmusic.Peoplewhoarehardonthemselveshaveahugenegativereaction(react)everytimetheymakeamistake.Childrentendtoreactagainsttheirparentsbygoingagainsttheirwishes.【補全句子】（5）Parentsaresometimessosensitivetoeachchild'sreactionsthattheyoffertoomuchpraisetotheirchildren.父母有時對每一個孩子的反應(yīng)都很敏感，所以他們會給孩子們過多的贊揚?！疽c歸納】（1）reactwith...與……起反應(yīng)reactto對……作出反應(yīng)reactagainst反對；反抗；反叛（2）reactionn.反應(yīng)4.getridof擺脫，除去，甩掉；扔掉，丟棄；改掉【單句語法填空】Gradually,thisnoisebegantoappearduringashow,andtogetridofit,Ihadtochangetoanotherchannelandthenchangeitback.Whycouldn'theeverridhimself(he)ofthosethoughts,thoseworries?【補全句子】（3）Second,gooutdoorsandplayteamgameswithyourfriends,whichisaneffectivewaytogetridofyouranger.其次，和朋友一起去戶外做一些團隊游戲，是一個使你擺脫憤怒的有效方法?！疽c歸納】rid...of...使……免除……；使……擺脫……ridoneselfof...使某人自己擺脫……beridof...擺脫……5consistv．由……組成【單句語法填空】TheInternationalOlympicmitteeconsistsofmembersfrommanycountries.Atpresent,theresultsareconsistentwithearlierresearch.【一句多譯】(2019·全國Ⅲ卷)這個音樂節(jié)由兩部分組成，將使我們更加了解中國民間音樂。Themusicfestival,whichconsistsof/ismadeupof/isposedoftwoparts,willenableustoknowmoreaboutChinesefolkmusic.(定語從句)Themusicfestival,consistingof/madeupof/posedoftwoparts,willenableustoknowmoreaboutChinesefolkmusic.(分詞作定語)【要點歸納】consistmainly/largelyof...主要由……組成consistin＝liein在于；取決于consistof＝bemadeupof＝beposedof由……組成consistentadj.一致的beconsistentwith...和……一致/與……相符6.exposev．使暴露(于險境)；揭露，使曝光；使接觸，使體驗【單句語法填空】/【補全句子】Theresearchshowsthatthemorebirdsareexposedtolight,themoreactivetheyareatnight.Buttoomuchexposuremayleadtothemdying.(expose)Wewanttoexposethekidstoasmuchartandcultureaspossible.Beingexposedto/Exposingourselvestoadvertisements(接觸廣告)constantlycanhelptochangeouropinionsovertime.句式升級Ifchildrenareexposedtotheoutsideworld,theywillbebetterequippedforthefuture.→Ifexposedtotheoutsideworld,childrenwillbebetterequippedforthefuture.(狀語從句的省略)【要點歸納】expose...to...使……接觸……；使……暴露于……exposeoneselfto...使自己面臨……；使自己暴露于……exposesthtosb向某人揭發(fā)某事(be)exposedto...暴露于/接觸……（3）exposuren.暴露；受凍詞性轉(zhuǎn)換1．crimen．罪，罪行→criminaln．罪犯adj.犯罪的2．suburbn．郊區(qū)，城郊→suburbanadj.郊區(qū)的；市郊的3．greedyadj.貪婪的，貪心的→greedn．貪婪；渴望4．mitv．犯(錯誤或罪行)→mitmentn．承諾；保證；獻身；投入5．a(chǎn)ppreciatev．欣賞；賞識→appreciationn．欣賞；感激→appreciativeadj.贊賞的；感激的6．restrictv．限制，控制→restrictionn．限制；限定→restrictiveadj.限制性的7．hikern．徒步旅行者，遠足者→hikev．去遠足8．optimisticadj.樂觀的；樂觀主義的→optimismn．樂觀主義→pessimisticadj.悲觀的9．consumptionn．(精力、油、電等的)消耗量→consumev．消耗→consumern．消費者10．reactv．(作出)反應(yīng)→reactionn．反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)11．monthlyadj.每月一次的→monthn．月，月份12．a(chǎn)dvancedadj.高級的；先進的→advancev．前進；取得進展n．進展，進步13．terrifyingadj.極其可怕的，駭人聽聞的→terrifiedadj.害怕的→terrifyv．使害怕14．consistv．由……組成→consistentadj.一致的15．exposev．使暴露(于險境)→exposuren．暴露，顯露→exposedadj.暴露的重點短語1．inone'sway擋某人的路2．havenochoicebuttodosth別無選擇只好做某事3．outofreach夠不到4．underconstruction在建設(shè)之中5．fitinwith適應(yīng)，與……合得來6．getatastefor嘗一嘗，體驗，感受7．crashinto撞擊，闖入8．a(chǎn)mountto總計9．copewith應(yīng)付10．bring...undercontrol使……處于控制之下11．getridof擺脫，除去12．wipeout徹底摧毀，消滅13．consistof由……構(gòu)成，由……組成14．inthemeantime在此期間，與此同時重點句型一、句型公式：that引導(dǎo)同位語從句【單句語法填空】Theideathatputerscanrecognisehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.Hemadeapromisetohissonthathewouldbuyabikeforhim.ShehasexpressedherhopethattheforeignstudentswillspreadthegoodwillandsincerityoftheChinesepeopletootherpartsoftheworld.【補全句子】（4）Thefacthasworriedmanyscientiststhattheearthisbeingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.這些年來地球逐漸變暖的事實，使科學(xué)家們非常擔(dān)心?！疽c歸納】that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，常作news,fact,hope,idea,suggestion,promise,truth等名詞的同位語。that引導(dǎo)同位語從句和定語從句時的區(qū)別在于：引導(dǎo)定語從句時，that為關(guān)系代詞，在從句中作主語或賓語，有意義；而引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，that在從句中只起引導(dǎo)詞的作用，不作成分，沒有意義。二、with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)Spottingthecarwithitswindowleftopen,thegreedythiefdidn'thesitate.貪婪的小偷看到汽車車窗開著，毫不猶豫地行動了。三、“only＋狀語(從句)”置于句首引起的部分倒裝Onlythencanwelooktowardsharmoniouslysharingoururbanhabitats.只有這樣，我們才能和諧地共享我們的城市棲息地。重點語法第一步：單元思維導(dǎo)圖回顧知識第二步：單元重難知識易混易錯“疑問詞＋ever”和“nomatter＋疑問詞”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句1.“疑問詞＋ever”包括“疑問代詞＋ever”和“疑問副詞＋ever”（1）疑問代詞＋ever：whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever（2）疑問副詞＋ever：whenever,wherever,however2.“疑問詞＋ever”與“nomatter＋疑問詞”引導(dǎo)從句時的區(qū)別引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，“疑問詞＋ever”與“nomatter＋疑問詞”可以互換使用。Thequalitywillbethesame,whichever/nomatterwhichofthemyouchoose.它們當(dāng)中無論你選哪一個，品質(zhì)都一樣。Whoever/Nomatterwho