高中英語北師大版選擇性必修一UNIT 3 Period 5　Lesson 2 Lesson 3-Language Points

Period5Lesson2&Lesson3—LanguagePointsⅠ.單詞拼寫1．Twothirdsoftheforesthasbeendestroyedinthepastdecade(s)．2．IfeelupsetthatIhavegotstuckinajobwhichbringsinalowincome.3．Humanactivitiesaretoblamefortheincreaseofgreenhousegases(氣體)．4．Weneedmorefeedbackfromconsumers(消費者)inordertoimprovethequalityofourgoods.5．Toprotecthisbooksfromtherain，hewrappedthemwithapieceofplasticsheet.6．Beingextremelyhungryandthirsty，theboyswallowed(吞下)allthefoodlikeawolf.7．Weshouldusereusablecutleryratherthandisposablechopsticks(筷子)orcartons.8．Itisbelievedthattoomuchstresscancontributetocancers(癌癥)．9．Thereisnodoubtthatthecouncil(委員會)shouldalsodoitspartinmonitoringthemining.10.Determinedtogiveupsmoking，hethrewthelastpacket(小盒)ofcigarettesintotherubbishcan.Ⅱ.詞形變化填空1．Allcandidates,anxioustoknowtheinterviewresults，werewaitinginthehallwithextremeanxiety.(anxious)2．Towearsuitablyonmycousin’swedding，Iboughtanewsuitinafashionshop，whichisverysuitableforsuchoccasions.(suit)3．Manypeopleareunawareoftheurgencyofheritageconservation，sowemusttakeactiontopromotetheirawareness.(aware)4．Alargecollectionofpreciouspaintingswascontributedtothecitymuseumbyamillionaire，whichwascollectedallthroughhislife.(collect)5．Iamextremelyannoyedatyouforyourannoyingbehaviorinthepartylastweek，whichwasreallyanannoyancetoeveryone.(annoy)Ⅲ.完成句子1．每當(dāng)我焦慮不安時，媽媽總是第一個來安慰我。WheneverIfeelstressedout，mymotherisalwaysthefirsttocometomycomfort.2．我們一大早就開始粉刷房子，但是到現(xiàn)在只完成了一半。Wesetouttopaintthehouseintheearlymorningbutsofarwe’vejustfinishedahalf.3．下班后去接兒子時，我被繁忙的交通困住了。Iwasstuckinaheavytrafficjamwhenpickingmysonupafterwork.4．我們的幸福感未必跟財富有關(guān)，但一定跟健康密切相連。Oursenseofhappinessisnotnecessarilyrelatedtowealthbutsurelytohealth.5．我對孩子們在院子里發(fā)出的噪音感到很生氣。Iamannoyedatthenoisesthatthekidsletoutintheyard.awareadj.意識到的，明白的(unawareadj.未察覺的；不知道的awarenessn．知道；意識)?be/becomeawareof知道，明白；意識到be/becomeawarethat...知道……；意識到……?raise/promote/arouse/develop/strengthenone’sawarenessof...提升/促進(jìn)/激發(fā)/培養(yǎng)/增強(qiáng)某人的……的意識注意：修飾aware可用well，much，verymuch，fully，但不可用very。單句語法填空/完成句子/句式升級(1)Peoplearoundtheworldshouldbecomeawareoftheimportanceofwildlifeconservation.(2)Itisimportantthatstudentsdevelopanawareness(aware)ofcontributingtotheircountry.(3)Jessicacontinuouslycomplainedabouthernewboyfriend，completelyunaware(aware)ofmydistraction.(4)Shewaswellawarethatthetwoboyswereatriskandsheneededtotakesomemeasuresurgently.她很清楚這兩個男孩有危險，她迫切需要采取一些措施。(5)(應(yīng)用文寫作之通知)Inordertoarousethepublicawarenessofenvironmentalprotection，theStudentUnionwillorganizeaspeechcontestwhosetopicis“Whatcanwedofortheenvironment”．為了激發(fā)公眾的環(huán)保意識，學(xué)生會將組織一次主題為“我們能為環(huán)境做什么”的演講比賽。(6)Shewasnotawareofthedanger，andshewalkedintothedepthoftheforest.→Notawareofthedanger，shewalkedintothedepthoftheforest.(形容詞短語作狀語)anxiousadj.焦慮的，不安的；急切的；渴望的(anxiouslyadv.焦急地，憂慮地anxietyn．憂慮，擔(dān)心；渴望)?beanxioustodosth急于做某事beanxiousfor/aboutsb/sth為……擔(dān)心/憂慮?withanxiety(＝anxiously)焦慮地單句語法填空/完成句子/一句多譯(1)Apersonwhoistooanxiousfor/aboutsuccessismorelikelytofail.(2)AsAugustdrawstoaclose，thestudentismoreanxioustoreceive(receive)hisadmissionnotice.(3)(讀后續(xù)寫之情緒描寫)Thenightfellandwestoodatthefootofthemountain，waitingforhisreturnwithanxiety/anxiously.夜幕降臨，我們站在山腳下，焦急地等他回來。annoyedadj.惱怒的，生氣的(annoyvt.使惱怒；打擾；使煩惱；使生氣annoyingadj.令人生氣的annoyancen．憤怒；生氣)?beannoyedwithsb對某人生氣beannoyedabout/atsth為某事生氣?toone’sannoyance令某人生氣的是單句語法填空/一句多譯(1)Shewasannoyedwiththedesignerforhisforgettingtophoneher.(2)Iamannoyedat/aboutthenewsthatIwillbefinedforillegalparking.(3)Itisannoying(annoy)togetstuckinthetrafficjamfor5hours.(4)Muchtomyannoyance(annoy)，mostvillagersherewerenotawareofthesignificanceofwildlifeconservation.(5)讓她生氣的是，她的男朋友竟然拒絕了她的邀請。①Shewasannoyedthatherboyfriendshouldrejectherinvitation.(annoyedadj.)②Whatannoyedherwasthatherboyfriendshouldrejectherinvitation.(annoyv．)③Toherannoyance，herboyfriendshouldrejectherinvitation.(annoyancen．)relatevi.相聯(lián)系，有關(guān)聯(lián)(relationn．關(guān)系，聯(lián)系relativeadj.相比較而言的；相關(guān)聯(lián)的n.親屬，親戚relationshipn．關(guān)系)?relate...to/with...把……和……聯(lián)系在一起relateto...和……有關(guān)聯(lián)；和……合得來?berelatedto...和……有關(guān)的；和……有聯(lián)系的?inrelationto關(guān)于；與……相比單句語法填空/完成句子/一句多譯(1)Theshopkeepertoldhisemployeestomaintaingoodrelations(relate)withconsumers.(2)Asthesayinggoes，afar-offrelative(relate)isnotashelpfulasanearneighbour.(3)Infact，wecanrelateallthesetrafficaccidentsto/withcarelessdriving.(4)(應(yīng)用文寫作之環(huán)保)Theever-increasingprivatecarsarecloselyrelatedtoairpollution.不斷增加的私家車和大氣污染密切相關(guān)。(5)他的評論好像跟正在討論的話題沒有任何關(guān)系。①Itseemedthathisremarksdidn’trelatetothetopicunderdiscussionatall.(relateto)②Itseemedthathisremarkswasn’trelatedtothetopicunderdiscussionatall.(berelatedto)③Itseemedthathisremarkswasnotinrelationtothetopicunderdiscussionatall.(inrelationto)setout開始做某事，著手進(jìn)行；安排；陳述，闡明；出發(fā)，動身setaside將……放在一邊；為……節(jié)省或留出(錢或時間)；不理會；宣布……無效，撤銷setoff動身，出發(fā)；引爆；引發(fā)setup建立；樹立setdown寫下；放下；記下setaboutdoingsth著手做某事用set相關(guān)短語的正確形式填空/完成句子(1)Oncetheclubwassetup，themembersimmediatelysetouttoworkouttherulesandsetthemdown.ItwasplannedthateverymembershouldsetasideSaturdaymorningstocleanthepark.Aftertheruleswerepassed，theclubsetaboutcarryingouttheirplansandsetoffforthepark.(2)(應(yīng)用文寫作之通知)Wewillgatherattheentranceoftheparkat7∶00amtomorrowandthensetoffforourdestinationatthetopofthemountain.我們將于明天早上7點在公園入口處集合，然后動身前往我們位于山頂?shù)哪康牡?。stressedout焦慮的(stressn．壓力；重音；重要性vt.強(qiáng)調(diào)；重讀stressfuladj.壓力重的；緊張的)?lay/place/putstressonsth強(qiáng)調(diào)某事；給某物壓力understress在壓力下?stressout(使)焦慮不安，疲憊不堪用所給詞的正確形式填空/完成句子(1)Linda，anewsreporter，isreallystressedoutthesedays.Thechiefeditorstressedthetimelimiteveryday.Undergreatstress，shecouldn’tsleepwellandherhairfelloff.Sheoftencomplainedthatbeingareporterwasreallystressful.(stress)(2)Thosewhoarestressedoutaremorelikelytobeanxiousandannoyed.焦慮的人更容易緊張或生氣。(3)ItupsetmethatthemoreIput/lay/placestresson/stressedtheimportanceofbeingcareful，themoredistractedmysonbecame.讓我難過的是，我越強(qiáng)調(diào)要認(rèn)真，兒子就越開小差。goup上升gothrough經(jīng)歷；通過；仔細(xì)檢查；用完goby(時間)流逝；消逝goover復(fù)習(xí)；溫習(xí)用go相關(guān)短語的正確形式填空(1)Itmakescountlesspeopleworriedthatthepriceofhouseshasgoneupinsomecities.(2)IwillsharewithyousomeadvicebecauseIwentthroughthesamethinglastyear.(3)Withtimegoingby，heforgotthewholething.(4)Inaddition，you’dbettergooverthelessonsbeforetheexams.形容語(短語)作狀語教材原句Howoftendowearriveatworkorschool，stressedout，tiredandangry?又有多少次，當(dāng)我們抵達(dá)工作地點或?qū)W校時感到心力交瘁、心煩氣躁？(P58)?本句中的“stressedout，tiredandangry”是形容詞(短語)作狀語。?形容詞(短語)作狀語，通常說明主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征等，主要表示原因、方式或伴隨等。有時與賓語聯(lián)系密切，可位于句首、句末或句子中間，通常和句子的其他成分用逗號分開，但單個的形容詞可以連在一起。完成句子(1)Shestoodthere，unabletobelievewhathadhappenjustnow.她站在那里，不敢相信剛才發(fā)生的事。(2)Toourgreatamazement，themissingboyreturnedhome，safeandsound.令我們非常驚訝的是，失蹤的小男孩安然無恙地回了家。(3)Twodayslater，wefinishedthishike，tiredbutexcited.兩天后，我們結(jié)束了此次徒步，雖然很累，但很興奮。(4)Extremelycurious，littleTomcouldn’twaittoopenthesmallpacketgivenbythatstranger.因為很好奇，小湯姆迫不及待地打開了那個陌生人送給他的小包裹。非謂語獨立結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語教材原句Tobefrank，I’maddictedtomycar.坦率地說，我離不開車。(P59)本句中的“tobefrank”是非謂語獨立結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。英語中常用的類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有：?現(xiàn)在分詞類：honestly/personally/generally/strictlyspeaking，judgingfrom/by，takingeverythingintoaccount，considering/seeing/assuming/providingthat等。?過去分詞類：given/providedthat，comparedto/with等。?不定式類：totellthetruth，tobehonest，tosumup，tomakethestoryshort，tomakethingsworse，tobegin/startwith等。完成句子(1)Seeingthatnobodywasveryenthusiasticaboutit，theydeterminedtocancelthetrip.鑒于沒人對這次旅行很感興趣，他們決定取消它。(2)Considering/Giventhattheyareinexperienced，theyhavedonequiteagoodjob.考慮到他們沒有經(jīng)驗，他們做得已經(jīng)挺不錯了。(3)Tobehonest/Totellthetruth，Idon’tthinkwehaveachanceofwinning.說實話，我認(rèn)為我們沒有獲勝的可能。(4)Assuming/Providing/Providedthatyouareamillionaire，whatwouldyoudo?假設(shè)你是個百萬富翁，你會做什么？(5)Comparedwith/tothebigsacrificeyourparentshavemadeforyou，yourpayingbackisnothing.與你父母為你做出的巨大犧牲相比，你的回報算不上什么。(6)Judgingfromhisfacialexpression，hemustbeveryanxiousandstressedoutnow.從他的面部表情看，他現(xiàn)在一定很焦慮，壓力很大。Ⅰ.一詞多義快速閱讀下列句子并選出句中加黑詞匯對應(yīng)的意思wasteA.v.浪費B.n.浪費；白費C.n.廢棄物D.adj.無用的，廢棄的1．Don’twasteyourcommitmentonhim；hedoesn’tdeserveit.A2．Therearesomewastefurniture；whynotgoandpicksometobuildanewhouseforyourchickens？D3．Itisawasteofmoneytowrapacoconutwiththinplastic，forithasahardshellitself.B4．Theyareworkinghardtoturnthesechemicalwasteintousefulmaterials.Cregulareq\x(A.經(jīng)常的B.有規(guī)律的，定期的C.普通的D.規(guī)則的)5．Thepastparticipleofregularverbsendsin“-ed”．D6．Thenewvehicleismoreenvironment-friendlythantheregularone.C7．Theoldwomanhasbecomeoneofthemostregularcustomersofourstore.A8．Healthyeatinghabitsalongwithregularexerciseisprobablythebestwaytokeepfit.BⅡ.熟詞生義快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思1．Intheend，Iusuallymanagedtoswallowmyprideandaskedsomeoneatthestopforhelp.抑制情感2．Hewasanxiousforanewjobafterbeingoutofemploymentformorethantwoyears.渴望的3．Ipreferthestrawberryjamwhilemysisterhasapreferenceforblueberryjam.果醬Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Lindawasdesperatewhensheknewherhusbandwasaddictedtodrugs.2．Theytoldtheyoungcouplenottobewasteful(waste)byeatingouttoooften.3．Thehouselooksdirty(dirt)becausetherehasbeennoonelivinginitforalongtime.4．Mynieceoftensetsouttodo(do)homeworkthemomenthermotherarriveshome.5．Ithasbeenrainingconstantlyforseveraldays，soallofusareanxiousforasunnyday.6．Iwanttofindsomesuitable(suit)referencebooksformyson，whoisaSenior3student.7．Theyinstalledacollection(collect)boxinthehalltoraisemoneyfortheendangeredanimals.8．Wrapped(wrap)instrongpaperandsealed，thepacketwon’tcomeopenduringthedelivery.9．ThepolicesuspectedthatTodwasrelated(relate)totherobbery，becausehehadcommittedacrimebefore.10．MrBrowncouldn’tcontainhisanger(angry)andstormedoutoftheroom，slammingthedoorheavilybehindhim.Ⅱ.選詞填空eq\x(beawareof，setaside，getstuckin，throwaway，sortout)1．Itisextremelyannoyingforpeopletogetstuckinthemorningrushhour.2．Weurgedthemtosortouttheproblemsassoonaspossible.3．Everyyear，thousandsofvisitorsthrowawaytonsofrubbish，suchasbottlesandplasticbags.4．Howeverbusyyouare，youshouldsetasidesometimeeverydaytoaccompanyyourchildren.5．Itwasnotuntilhefailedtheexamthathewasawareofhowmuchtimehehadwasted.Ⅲ.單句寫作(應(yīng)用文寫作——學(xué)校組織的一次采摘活動)1．隨著高考的臨近，我們學(xué)生越來越感到焦慮。(stressedout)WiththeCollegeEntranceExaminationdrawingnear，westudentsgetmoreandmorestressedout.2．為了緩解我們的焦慮，學(xué)校組織了一次采摘活動。(不定式作目的狀語)Toreleaseouranxiety，theschoolorganisedapickingactivity.3．早晨七點我們在校門口集合，出發(fā)前往農(nóng)場。(setout)Wegatheredattheschoolgateat7∶00inthemorningandsetoutforthefarm.4．大約兩個小時后，籃子都裝滿了，我們就離開了，雖然很累，但很滿足。(形容詞作狀語)Abouttwohourslater，withourbasketsfull，wewentout，tiredbutsatisfied.5．通過這次活動我們都充分認(rèn)識到了農(nóng)民的辛苦和食物的珍貴。(beawareof)Throughthisactivity，wewerewellawareofhowhardthefarmersareandhowpreciousthefoodis.Ⅳ.閱讀理解Vietnamaimstosolvetherelationsbetweeneconomicdevelopmentandculturalpreservation.Vietnameseculturaldepartmentsandactivistshavetriedtopreservethehistoricalandculturalrelicsinthecountry.Vietnamnowhasmorethan40,000historicalrelics.Theserelicsofvariousformsandhistoryaretreasuresforfuturegenerations.However，hundredsofrelicsareseverelydamagedduetothenegativeinfluenceoftime，naturalforceandhumanactivities.HeadofHanoiRelicsManagementBoard，NguyenDoanTuan，saysrescueworkmustpreservetherelics’soul：“Wecannotreplaceruinedconstructionwithnewmaterials.Wemustpreserveitsshape，sizeandstyle.Weneedtopayattentiontoeverybrickreplacedsothatitlooksexactlyliketheoriginal.”Mostrelicshavetorelyontouristfeeforrepairandrescuework.DirectorofVanMieuCulturalandScienceCenter，DangKimNgoc，saysthattherelicsmustbepromotedwidelytoattractmorevisitorsandbringinmoreincomeforrepairandpreservation：“Weprovideconstantguideservicesforvisitorssothattheyunderstandmoreaboutourrelics.Atthesametime，naturalsurroundingsoftherelichavebeenensured，includingthegrassfieldandgardentoimproveitsscenicvalue.”Thelocalgovernmentagreedthattherelicsmustbeturnedtothecommunityforsharedeffortsinthepreservationwork.DirectorofVietnamRevolutionMuseumDangQuocQuan，saidthatthecommunitymustbeguidedinthepreservationandprotection：“TheUNESCOaimstoletlocalcommunitytakepartinthepreservationofrelics.Wehaveseenlimitationsinthepreservationofrelics，especiallyfestivalrelatedgroupsofbuildings.Thisrequiresmanagementandguidancebythegovernment.”NguyenThiMinhLyfromtheDepartmentofHeritagesaysthecommunityshouldbeguidedinproperbehaviorstowardsrelics:“Thiswillensuretheprotectionofculturalrelicsinlatergenerations.Creativerestoration(修復(fù))mustbebasedonpreviousvalues.”Expertshavecalledforasystematic(系統(tǒng)的)guidancebythestateinlocallevelpreservationwhilepromotingcreativethinkinginrestorationforeachrelic.語篇解讀本文是一篇新聞報道。文章說明了越南文化部門和活動人士一直在努力保護(hù)本國的歷史和文化遺產(chǎn)。1．Fromwhichisthepassageprobablytaken?A．Aschoolreport.B．Ageographyresearchpaper.C．Ahealthmagazine.D．Anewspaperreport.答案D解析文章出處題。通讀全文尤其是第一段可知，本文主要是關(guān)于越南為保護(hù)文物所做的努力，分析各選項可推測文章最有可能來自一份新聞報道。故選D。2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonforthedamagedrelicsinVietnam?A．Poorbuildingmaterials.B．Humanactivities.C．Naturalforce.D．Thepassingoftime.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，“建筑材料差”不是越南文物被損毀的原因。故選A。3．Itcanbeinferredfromparagraphs4－6thattopreserverelics，thegovernmentshould.A．turntoadvancedcountriesforfinancialhelpB．carelessaboutthenaturalenvironmentoftherelicsC．makefulluseofthemoneyraisedbythelocalpeopleD．encouragethecommunitytojoinintherescuework答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Thelocalgovernmentagreedthattherelicsmustbeturnedtothecommunityforsharedeffortsinthepreservationwork.”可以推斷，為了保護(hù)文物，政府應(yīng)該鼓勵全社會參與救援工作。故選D。4．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthepassage?A．VietnamIsaScenicCountryB．AllofRelicsinVietnamAreinRuinsC．It’saGoodIdeatoReplacetheRuinedConstructionwithaNewStyleD．ExpertsCallforaSystematicWaytoPreserveRelics答案D解析標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文尤其是最后一段可知，文章主要內(nèi)容為越南文化部門和活動人士一直在努力保護(hù)本國的歷史和文化遺產(chǎn)，故D選項“專家們呼吁用一種系統(tǒng)的方法來保護(hù)文物”適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選D。Ⅴ.完形填空IfellinlovewithYosemiteNationalParkthefirsttimeIsawit，whenIwas13.Myparentstookusthereforcamping.Onthewayout，IaskedthemtowaitwhileIranuptoEICapitan，a1rockof3,300feetstraightup.ItouchedthatgiantrockandknewimmediatelyIwantedtoclimbit.Thathasbeenmylife’spassioneversince—2therocksandmountainsofYosemite.I’velongmadeYosemitemy3.About15yearsagoIstartedseeingalotof4，liketoiletpaper，beercans，andemptyboxes，aroundthearea.It’sbeyondmewhyvisitorsstartedrespectingtheplace5andtreatedsuchabeautifulhomelikeplacethisway.Itried6trash(垃圾)myself，butthejobwastoobig.Iwouldspendanhourortwoonthejob，onlytofindtheareatrashedalloveragainweekslater.Finally，Igotso7itthatIdecidedsomethinghadtochange.Asarock-climbingguide，Iknewnothingaboutorganizinganybigevent.Butin2004，togetherwithsomeclimbers，Isetadatefora8.Onthatday，morethan300people9.Overthreedayswecollectedabout6,000poundsoftrash.Itwasamazinghowmuchwewereableto10.Icouldn’tbelievethe11wemade—theparklookedclean!Eachyearvolunteerscomeforthecleanupfromeverywhere.In2007alone,2,945peoplepickedup42,330poundsoftrashand12132milesofroadway.Ioftenhearpeople13abouttheirsurroundings.Ifyouareoneofthem，Iwouldsaytheonlywaytochangethingsisby14ratherthancomplaining.Weneedtoteachby15.Youcan’tblameothersunlessyoustartwithyourself.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者組織志愿者進(jìn)行垃圾清理活動的歷程。最后作者感悟：要想改變環(huán)境，就不能抱怨，要行動起來，從我做起！1．A.distant B．hugeC．narrow D．loose答案B解析distant遠(yuǎn)處的；huge巨大的；narrow狹窄的；loose松散的。根據(jù)下文的“thatgiantrock”可知，這是一塊巨大的巖石。故選B。2．A.imagining B．paintingC．describing D．climbing答案D解析imagine想象；paint繪畫；describe描述；climb攀爬。根據(jù)上文“Iwantedtoclimbit”可知，攀登約塞米蒂的巖石和山脈成了作者一生的激情所在。故選D。3．A.garden B．homeC．lab D．palace答案B解析garden花園；home家；lab實驗室；palace宮殿。根據(jù)下文“suchabeautifulhomelikeplace”可知，他已經(jīng)把約塞米蒂當(dāng)成家了。故選B。4．A.material B．resourcesC．waste D．goods答案C解析material材料；resource資源；waste廢棄物；goods貨物。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)iketoiletpaper，beercans，andemptyboxes”可知，作者看到了很多垃圾。故選C。5．A.more B．mostC．less D．least答案C解析根據(jù)上文可知，游客們開始到處扔垃圾，作者覺得他們不那么尊重這塊美麗的地方了。此處含有比較的意思，所以選用比較級；根據(jù)語境可知“不那么尊重了”，所以用less“更少”。故選C。6．A.throwingaway B．pickingupC．breakingdown D．diggingout答案B解析throwaway丟棄；pickup撿起；breakdown分解；digout挖出。根據(jù)下文“Iwouldspendanhourortwoonthejob，onlytofindtheareatrashedalloveragainweekslater.”可知，作者自己試著去撿垃圾，但是收效甚微。故選B。7．A.satisfiedwith B．delightedinC．tiredof D．usedto答案C解析besatisfiedwith對……滿意；bedelightedin以……為樂；betiredof厭倦；beusedto習(xí)慣于。根據(jù)上文“Iwouldspendanhourortwoonthejob，onlytofindtheareatrashedalloveragainweekslater.”可知，作者嘗試去撿垃圾，但是垃圾太多撿不完，所以他對此感到厭倦。故選C。8．A.cleanup B．partyC．picnic D．concert答案A解析cleanup清理；party聚會；picnic野餐；concert音樂會。根據(jù)下文“Overthreedayswecollectedabout6,000poundsoftrash.”可知，作者確定好了日期，組織登山者一塊去清理垃圾。故選A。9．A.droppedout B．showedupC．lookedaround D．calledback答案B解析dropout退學(xué)；showup出席，到場；lookaround環(huán)顧四周；callback回電話。根據(jù)上文“togetherwithsomeclimbers”可知，作者組織登山者一塊去清理垃圾，在那一天，有300多人到場。故選B。10．A.demand B．receiveC．a(chǎn)chieve D．overcome答案C解析demand要求；receive接收；achieve實現(xiàn)；overcome克服。根據(jù)上文“Overthreedayswecollectedabout6,000poundsoftrash.”可知，在三天時間里，他們收集了約6000磅的垃圾，所以他們對取得如此大的成就感到驚訝。故選C。11．A.plan B．visitC．contact D．difference答案D解析plan計劃；visit訪問；contact聯(lián)系；difference差異。根據(jù)下文“theparklookedclean”可知，他們不敢相信自己能起到如此大的作用，讓公園看起來干凈。makeadifference起作用，產(chǎn)生影響。故選D。12．A.crossed B．measuredC．covered D．designed答案C解析cross交叉；measure測量；cover覆蓋；design設(shè)計。根據(jù)下文“In2007alone...132milesofroadway”可知，僅在2007年，2945人就清理了42330磅垃圾，覆蓋了132英里的路程，cover意為“覆蓋，行走(一段路程)”。故選C。13．A.talk B．complainC．a(chǎn)rgue D．quarrel答案B解析talk談?wù)?；complain抱怨；argue爭論；quarrel爭吵。根據(jù)下文“ratherthancomplaining”可知，作者經(jīng)常聽到人們抱怨環(huán)境。故選B。14．A.doing B．thinkingC．questioning D．watching答案A解析根據(jù)下文“Youcan’tblameothersunlessyoustartwithyourself.”可知，作者建議人們不要去抱怨，而是去做一些事情來改變。故選A。15．A.method B．explanationC．example D．research答案C解析method方法；explanation解釋；example榜樣；research研究。根據(jù)下文“Youcan’tblameothersunlessyoustartwithyourself.”可知，人們需要榜樣的力量，來教會別人不要抱怨，而是去行動。故選C。Ⅵ