學(xué)高中英語 unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 第3課時 Using Language強化練習(xí) 新人教版必修3

【成才之路】-學(xué)年高中英語unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars第3課時UsingLanguage強化練習(xí)新人教版必修3Ⅰ.單項填空1．(·安徽，35)—Igetatleasthalfanhourofexercisealmosteveryday.—Ohgreat!________.A．Goodluck B．CheerupC．Sametoyou D．Keepitup答案：D考查情景對話。句意：——我每天至少要鍛煉半個小時?！?，好極了！堅持下去。A項為：祝你好運；B項為：振作些；C項為：你也是；D項為：堅持下去。由句意可知選D項。2．Sincethehousepriceinthecitymaybe________wecan'timagine,Isuggestthatwerentanapartmenttoliveinfirst.A．a(chǎn)shighas B．a(chǎn)sexpensiveasC．sohighas D．soexpensiveas答案：A考查原級比較。句意：這個城市的房價既然高到我們很難想像的那樣，我建議我們先租套公寓住著。表示價格高用high,expensive用于說明某物貴，so...as...用于否定句。3．Pleasekeepyourword________youhavepromisedtocome.A．sincethen B．nowthatC．onlyif D．solong答案：B句意：既然你答應(yīng)了要來，你就要守約。nowthat既然，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。4．Afterfightingwithhisillnessmanyyears,thepatient______finally.A．pulledout B．pulledthroughC．pulledup D．pulleddown答案：B句意：經(jīng)過很多年與疾病作斗爭之后，這個病人最終康復(fù)了。pullout抽出，取出；pullthrough康復(fù)；pullup停車；pulldown拆除。5．(·溫州高一檢測)—I'mthinkingofthetomorrow'stest.I'mafraidIcan'tpassthistime.—________！I'msureyou'llmakeit.A．Goahead B．GoodluckC．Noproblem D．Cheerup答案：D考查短語用法。答句句意：——振作起來！我相信你會成功的。cheerup變得高興，(使)振奮起來，用來鼓勵對方；goahead表示允許某人做某事；goodluck用于祝福某人，表示“祝你好運”；noproblem用于答應(yīng)某人某事，意為“沒問題”。結(jié)合題意，故選D。6．Assoonasthefire________，itspreadquickly.A．brokeout B．putoutC．cameout D．gotout答案：A考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：火災(zāi)一發(fā)生就迅速蔓延開來。breakout指“(戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)、疾病等的)突然發(fā)生”；putout熄滅，撲滅；comeout出現(xiàn)，露出，長出；getout泄露，被人知道。7．Allthevisitorsweretoldto________forthosedangerousanimalswhilevisitingthezoo.A．watchout B．takecareC．watchover D．takeup答案：A句意：在參觀動物園時，所有游客都被告知當(dāng)心那些危險的動物。watchout注意，當(dāng)心，與介詞for連用。watchover照看，為及物動詞短語。故選A。8．Twopeoplewerekilledintheseriouscar________theotherday.A．crash B．breakC．strike D．incident答案：A句意：在前幾天的嚴(yán)重轎車相撞事件中，有兩人遇難。crash的意思是“相撞(事故)”，符合句意。break“中斷，休息”；strike“罷工；襲擊”；incident“事件”。9．Inorderto________thesunshine,thestudentshadmanybookspiledhigh.A．blockup B．blockoutC．breakout D．breakup答案：B句意：為了擋住陽光，學(xué)生們讓很多書高高地堆著。blockup塞?。籦lockout擋住(光線)；breakout(戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)、疾病等的)突然發(fā)生；breakup解散，分手。10．Usuallyinspringthe________hereismild,buttodaythe________isabitcold.A．weather;weatherB．climate;climateC．climate;weatherD．weather;climate答案：C句意：在春天這里的氣候通常溫和，但是今天的天氣有點冷。climate指長期的天氣特征；weather指短期的，具體到某一天的天氣。Ⅱ.完成句子1．在爆炸發(fā)生之后，警方封鎖了那條路。Thepolice__________________aftertheexplosion.2．去年他的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了一場洪水。Abigflood__________________inhishometownlastyear.3．既然你已犯了錯，就應(yīng)該受到懲罰。__________________，youshouldbepunished.4．司機在紅燈前把車停下。Thedriver__________________attheredlight.5．一聽說他恢復(fù)了健康，他的隊友高興起來。Histeammates__________________assoonastheyknewhehadrecoveredfromillness.6．貓的睡眠時間是人的兩倍。Catssleep__________________people.7．一輛大卡車失去了控制，撞上了一輛汽車的尾部。Abigtruckwasoutofcontroland__________________thebackofacar.8．在黑暗中，他們驚恐地注意到有奇怪的東西在空中飄浮著。Inthedarkness,theywerefrightenedtonoticesomethingstrange__________________.答案：1.blockedupthestreet2.brokeout3.Nowthatyouhavemademistakes4.pulledup5.cheeredup6.twiceasmuchas7.crashedinto8.floatingintheskyⅢ.完形填空Howbigisspace?Thatisaquestionmanhasbeenaskingsincethebeginningoftime.Whenyourgrandparentswereinschool，itwas__1__thattheuniversewasvery__2__perhapsonly5,000lightyears__3__.500yearsagopeopleconsideredthattheuniversewasonlyalittlebit__4__thantheearth.Inmoderntimeswiththe__5__oftechnologywearefinallystartingto__6__theimmense(無邊的)sizeoftheuniverse，anditismuchbiggerthananyone__7__haveeverimagined.Scientistscannotstretch(伸展)ameasuringtapefromtheearthtoanearbystar,so__8__dotheyknowhowfarawaytheyare?Scientistsusesomething__9__parallax(視差).Parallaxmeans__10__thattheylookathowmuchthestarsmoveinthesky__11__throughouttheyearastheearthcirclesthesun.Thisisnotsomething__12__toyou.Infactifyoustretchoutyourhandinfrontofyouand__13__yourthumb,while__14__oneeye,andthentheother,yourthumbwill__15__tomovebackandforth.Starsdothe__16__thing，butoureyesaretooclosetoseethe__17__.However,ifwetakeapicturewhileononesideoftheearth'sorbit，andthentakeanotherwhenwegettothe__18__sideoftheorbit，thenwehavealargeenough__19__thatwecanseethestars'parallax，and__20__howfarawaytheyreallyare.1．A.measured B．betC．thought D．proved答案：C根據(jù)上下文知，這里表達的是在祖父母上學(xué)時人們以為宇宙有多大，不是客觀事實，所以不能用measured/proved，也不是打賭。2．A.old B.bigC.mysterious D.small答案：D從后面的only可以看出，在當(dāng)時大家都認為宇宙只有5000光年那么大，即人們以為宇宙比較“小”。3．A.over B.acrossC.through D.outside答案：Bacross此處意為“fromonesidetotheother”。over指“在……的上方”；through指“從……中間穿過”；outside意為“在外面”。4．A.bigger B.smallerC.heavier D.nearer答案：A這里討論的話題是宇宙有多大，所以不是輕重遠近的問題。500年以前人們以為宇宙僅僅比地球大一點。5．A.popularity B.powerC.energy D.strength答案：Bthepowerofthetechnology指科技的力量；popularity意為“普及；流行”；energy意為“能力；精力；活力；能源”；strength通常指(具體的)力氣、力量。6．A.understand B.controlC.imagine D.feel答案：A在科技的幫助下人們開始理解宇宙到底有多大。understand指“掌握；領(lǐng)會；理解”；control意為“控制”；imagine意為“想象”；feel意為“感覺”。7．A.would B.shouldC.could D.might答案：C宇宙比人們以前所想象的要大得多。8．A.what B.whyC.how D.when答案：C下文講了科學(xué)家測量天體之間距離的方法，所以用how。9．A.honored B.calledC.considered D.believed答案：B科學(xué)家用了一種叫做“視差”的方法，所以用called。10．A.actually B.exactlyC.generally D.simply答案：D視差就是由決定新視線的觀察位置的變化引起的物體方向的明顯變化。simply意為“僅僅；簡單”；actually意為“實際上”；事實上；exactly意為“確切地”；generally意為“一般；通?！?。故simply符合語境。11．A.inandout B.backandforthC.soonerorlater D.upanddown答案：B根據(jù)10題后可知選B。backandforth意為“來回移動”；inandout意為“進進出出”；soonerorlater意為“遲早”；upanddown意為“上上下下”。12．A.unacceptable B.unfamiliarC.unbelievable D.unnatural答案：B根據(jù)下文所舉的例子，人們對這一現(xiàn)象并不陌生。unacceptable意為“無法接受的；不受歡迎的”；unfamiliar意為“不熟悉的”；unbelievable意為“難以置信的”；unnatural意為“不自然的”。13．A.lookat B.shakeC.glareat D.notice答案：A把手伸到前面并看你的大拇指。shake意為“搖動”；glareat意為“怒視”；notice意為“注意到”。根據(jù)句意，這里僅僅是普通的“看”。14．A.covering B.openingC.controlling D.hiding答案：A這里指先遮住一只眼睛，會看見拇指在一個位置；然后換另一只，拇指又處于另一位置。cover有“遮住，覆蓋”的意思。15．A.continue B.happenC.stop D.appear答案：Dcontinuetomove指繼續(xù)移動；happentomove指碰巧在移動；stoptomove指停下來然后移動。這里指人的一種感覺，大拇指會顯得來回移動。16．A.common B.differentC.strange D.same答案：D舉例就是為了說明視差是如何產(chǎn)生的，所以這里歸到主題，說明可以采用同一種方式去測量。17．A.result B.effectC.difference D.similarity答案：C眼睛之間的距離太近，被觀察的物體太遠，就很難發(fā)現(xiàn)差別。result意為“結(jié)果”；effect意為“效果；影響”；similarity意為“相似性”。18．A.suitable B.sameC.opposite D.correct答案：C在與軌道相反的一側(cè)拍照。19．A.distance B.lengthC.height D.width答案：A有足夠的距離觀察天體的視差。20．A.realize B.determineC.recognize D.design答案：B測定天體之間到底有多遠。realize意為“意識到；實現(xiàn)”；determine意為“決定；決心；測定”；recognize意為“辨認出；承認”；design意為“計劃，籌劃”。Ⅳ.閱讀理解(·河北正定中學(xué)高一期末)Spaceiswhereourfutureis—tripstotheMoon,Marsandbeyond.Mostpeoplewouldthinkthatasidefromcomets(彗星)andstars,thereislittleelseoutthere.But,sinceourspacejourneystartedwehaveleftsomuchtrash(垃圾)therethatscientistsarenowconcernedthatifwedon'tcleanitup,wemayallbeingreatdanger.Thefirstpieceofspacejunkwascreatedin1964,whentheAmericansatelliteVanguardIstoppedoperatingandlostitsconnectionwiththegroundcenter.However,sinceitkeptorbitingaroundtheEarthwithoutanyresults,scientistsbecameincreasinglycomfortableabandoning(拋棄)thingsthatnolongerservedanyusefulpurposeinspace.Itissaidthattherearenowover500,000piecesofman-madetrashorbitingtheEarthatspeedsofupto17,500milesperhour.Thejunkvariesfromtinypiecesofpaintchippedoffrocketstocameras,hugefueltanks,andevenodditemslikethemillion-dollartoolkitthatastronautHeidemarieStefanyshynPiperlostduringaspacewalk.Themajorproblemwiththespacetrashisthatitmayhitworkingsatellitesanddamagetravelingspaceship.Moreover,piecesofjunkmaycrashwitheachotherandbreakintopieceswhichfallbacktotheEarth.Toavoidthis,scientistshaveinventedseveralwaysforclearingthesky.Groundstationshavebeenbuilttomonitorlargerpiecesofspacetrashtopreventthemfromcrashingintoworkingsatellitesorspaceshuttles.Futureplansincludeacooperativeeffortamongmanynationstostoplitteringinspaceandtocleanupthetrashalreadythere.文章大意：文章介紹了第一片人造太空垃圾是一個破碎的衛(wèi)星，因為它沒有造成任何問題，所以科學(xué)家最初并沒有關(guān)心太空垃圾。隨著太空垃圾越來越多，科學(xué)家意識到如果不及時清理太空垃圾，人類將面臨危險。1．Whatwasthefirstpieceofman-madespacetrash?A．Acamera. B．Atoolkit.C．Afueltank. D．Abrokensatellite.答案：D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子：Thefirstpieceofspacejunkwascreatedin1964,whentheAmericansatelliteVanguardIstoppedoperatingandlostitsconnectionwiththegroundcenter.可知第一片人造太空垃圾是一個破碎的衛(wèi)星，選D。2．WhywerescientistsNOTconcernedaboutspacetrashinthebeginning?A．Itnolongerservedanyusefulpurpose.B．ItwasmillionsofmilesawayfromtheEarth.C．Itdidnotcauseanyproblems.D．Itwasregardedassimilartocometsandstars.答案：C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子：However,sinceitkeptorbitingaroundtheEarthwithoutanyconsequences,scientistsbecameincreasinglycomfortableabandoningthingsthat