2024-2025學年高中英語Unit1PeopleofAchievementSectionAReadingandThinking課后習題含解析新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGEUnit1PEOPLEOFACHIEVEMENTSectionAReadingandThinking課后篇鞏固提升基礎夯實Ⅰ.單詞拼法1.Asisknowntoall,talentandhardworkareboth(至關(guān)重要的)tocareersuccess.

答案crucial2.Itisnecessaryforustohaveanoattitudetowardslife.

答案objective3.Youmust(承諾)yourselftofinishthetaskontime.

答案commit4.Onlyifyoumakeeffortstofulfillthetaskcanyoubeaasexcellent.

答案acknowledged5.Asamatteroffact,happinessdoesn’tlieinhowmuch(財產(chǎn))youown.

答案property6.Thetwopostersare(有區(qū)分的)fromeachotherinstyle.

答案distinct7.Solongaswecan(擊敗)theotherteam,we’llbecomethechampionofcourse.

答案defeat8.Thehospitalhasrecentlyonewmedicalequipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.

答案obtainedⅡ.短語填空bychance,insiston,leadto,drawout,test...on,makeadiscovery1.Hehasvaluabletomankind.

答案madeadiscovery2.Idon’tthinkitwillagoodresult.

答案leadto3.Althoughwehavemet,Icanseeyouareaverygoodgirlwithaclearpurposeinlife.

答案bychance4.Ifyoudoingsomething,doiteverydayandyoucanmakeit.

答案insiston5.Ihaven’tanycashonmeandI’dliketosomemoneyfromanATMnearby.

答案drawout6.Theteacherwilltheclassspellingtoday.

答案test;onⅢ.完成句子1.醫(yī)學界在抗癌的斗爭中不斷取得進步。Themedicalcommunitycontinuestomakeprogresscancer.

答案inthefightagainst2.高校畢業(yè)以后,他投身于教化事業(yè)。Afterhegraduatedfromcollege,hethecauseofeducation.

答案committedhimselfto3.我們開展此項競賽以激勵新的年輕作家為目的。Thecompetitionwasstartedencouragingyoungwriters.

答案withtheaimof4.我建議你在家里留些蠟燭,以防大樓停電。Isomecandlesathomeincasethebuildinghasapowerfailure.

答案suggestyoushouldkeep5.即使我告知他我住在旁邊,但那個人還是堅持要給我找一輛出租車。ThemanataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.

答案insistedonfinding素養(yǎng)提升Ⅳ.閱讀理解A主題語境:人與社會對社會有突出貢獻的人物FemaleScientistsWhoHaveChangedtheWorldTherearestillhundredsofrelatively-unknownwomenwhohavechangedtheworldwiththeirresearchthroughouthistory.TieraGuinnThis21-year-oldscientisthasn’tyetgraduatedfromcollege,butTieraGuinn’salreadydoingrocketscience.TheMIT(麻省理工學院)seniorishelpingbuildarocketfortheUnitedStatesthatcouldbeoneofthebiggestandmostpowerfulevermade.She’sanaerospacemajorwithhighcreditpointswhoalsoworksasaRocketStructuralDesignandAnalysisEngineerfortheSpaceLaunchSystemthataerospacecompanyBoeingisbuildingfortheUS.ElizabethBlackwellElizabethBlackwell,whowasborninBristol,Englandin1821,wasthefirstwomantograduatefrommedicalschoolintheUnitedStates,becameanactivistforpoorAmericanwomen’shealth,andwentontofoundamedicalschoolforwomeninEngland.JaneGoodallThemostfamousprimate(靈長類)scientistinhistory,JaneGoodallwasknownforherworkwithchimpsandasachampionofanimalrights.AndGoodallwasn’tjustworkinginalab;sheclimbedtreesandimitatedthebehaviourofchimpsinTanzaniatogaintheirtrustandstudythemintheirnaturalhabitat.RachelCarsonInthe1960s,oneenvironmentalscientist’svoiceroseabovetheresttobecomecentraltoAmericanpolitics,culture,andforeignpolicy:RachelCarson’s.Herarticle,“SilentSpring”,warnedofthedangersofpesticides(農(nóng)藥)andchemicalstohumans,plants,andanimals,andwasalandmarkinthenation’senvironmentalhistory.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了四位變更世界的女科學家。1.WhatisTieraGuinn’sgreatestachievement?A.Sheenteredthebestuniversityoftheworld.B.Shehasbeenlearningthenewestrocketscience.C.Shehashelpedbuildabigandpowerfulrocket.D.Sheisatopstudentemployedbyafamouscompany.答案C解析細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“TheMITseniorishelpingbuildarocketfortheUnitedStatesthatcouldbeoneofthebiggestandmostpowerfulevermade.”可知TieraGuinn最大的成就是幫助建立了美國有史以來最大、最強大的火箭之一。2.WhatisElizabethBlackwellfamousforinhistory?A.Shewasthefirstwomanwiththeadvancededucation.B.Shewasapioneerofthewomen’shealthintheUSandtheUK.C.Shefoundedthefirstwomen’sschoolintheUnitedKingdom.D.ShewasthefirstwomantobeacceptedasanAmericancitizen.答案B解析細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知伊麗莎白?布萊克威爾1821年誕生于英格蘭的布里斯托爾,她是第一位從美國醫(yī)學院畢業(yè)的女性,后來成為關(guān)注美國貧困女性健康的活動家,并在英國成立了一所女子醫(yī)學院。即她是美國和英國婦女健康的先驅(qū)。3.Whomadeagreatcontributiontotheanimal-protectionmovement?A.TieraGuinn.B.JaneGoodall.C.RachelCarson. D.ElizabethBlackwell.答案B解析細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。倒數(shù)其次段中的“Themostfamousprimatescientistinhistory,JaneGoodallwasknownforherworkwithchimpsandasachampionofanimalrights.”可知珍·古德是歷史上最著名的靈長類科學家,她以探討黑猩猩和維護動物權(quán)利而著名,為動物愛護運動做出了重大貢獻。B主題語境:人與社會對社會有突出貢獻的人物WouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman?Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggleagainstdebtandmisfortune.Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning,andhehasoftenbeeninprison.Drivenbyheaven-knows-whatmotives,hedeterminestowriteabook.Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.ThatformerprisonerwasCervantes,andthebookwasDonQuixote(《堂吉訶德》).Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestion:Whydosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays,whileothersgotoseedlongbefore?We’veallknownpeoplewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife’shalfwaymark.I’mnottalkingaboutthosewhofailtogettothetop.Wecan’tallgetthere.I’mtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.

Mostofus,infact,progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldofspecializationandthenbecometrappedinit.Nothingsurprisesus.Weloseoursenseofwonder.But,ifwearewillingtolearn,theopportunitiesareeverywhere.Thethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolveinformationandskills.Welearntobearwiththethingswecan’tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease,somepeoplearenevergoingtoloveus—anideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaxing.Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm,wecankeeponlearning.Thenwewillknowhowimportantitistohavemeaninginourlife.However,wecanachievemeaningonlyifwehavemadeacommitmenttosomethinglargerthanourownlittleegos(自我),whethertolovedones,tofellowhumans,towork,ortosomemoralconcept.Manyofusequate(視……等同于)“commitment”withsuch“caring”occupationsasteachingandnursing.Butdoinganyordinaryjobaswellasonecanisinitselfanadmirablecommitment.Peoplewhoworktowardsuchexcellence—whethertheyaredrivingatruck,orrunningastore—maketheworldbetterjustbybeingthekindofpeopletheyare.They’velearnedlife’smostvaluablelesson.【語篇解讀】本文屬于爭論文。講解并描述要勝利,就須要不斷地學習,這樣的生活才更有意義。4.ThepassagestartswiththestoryofCervantestoshowthat.

A.lossoffreedomstimulatesone’screativityB.ageisnotabarriertoachievingone’sgoalC.miseryinspiresamantofightagainsthisfateD.disabilitycannotstopaman’spursuitofsuccess答案B解析推理推斷題。第一段講解并描述塞萬提斯一生不幸,負債累累,因為斗爭左手殘疾,同時還身陷囹圄,在53歲的時候確定寫書,最終寫出成名作《堂吉訶德》。依據(jù)后文可知,全部的逆境都沒有阻擋他的勝利,年齡也是如此。5.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph3probablymean?A.Endone’sstruggleforliberty.B.Wasteone’senergytakingrisks.C.Misstheopportunitytosucceed.D.Losetheinteresttocontinuelearning.答案D解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的“I’mtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattit