2017-2018學年人教版英語必修一教案Unit3Traveljournal

Ⅰ.核心必記單詞1.transportn.&vt.運輸；運送2.prefervt.更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)→preferencen.偏愛；優(yōu)先權；偏愛的事物3.persuadevt.說服；勸說→persuasionn.勸說，說服(力)4.graduatevi.畢業(yè)；n.大學畢業(yè)生→graduationn.畢業(yè)5.finallyadv.最后；終于6.schedulen.時間表；進度表；vt.為某事安排時間7.organizevt.組織；成立→organizationn.組織8.determinevt.決定；確定；下定決心→determinedadj.堅決的；有決心的→determinationn.決心；決定；確定9.journeyn.旅行；旅程10.attituden.態(tài)度；看法11.viewn.風景；視野；觀點；見解；vt.觀看；注視；考慮Ⅱ.閱讀識記單詞12.journaln.日記；雜志；定期刊物13.disadvantagen.不利條件；不便之處→advantagen.有利條件；優(yōu)勢，長處14.flowvi.流動；流出；n.流動；流量15.shortingn.缺點16.bendn.彎；拐角；vt.使彎曲；vi.彎身；彎腰17.boilvi.(指液體)沸騰；(水)開18.forecastn.&vt.預測；預報19.reliableadj.可信賴的；可靠的→relyv.依賴；依靠20.beneathprep.在……下面語境活用[用所給詞的正確形式填空]1.Thatyoungmanishonest，cooperative，alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.Inshort，he’sreliable(rely).(2016·浙江)2.Weshouldovereourweaknessandfearswithcourageanddetermination(determine).(2016·天津)3.Afteralongdelaytheperformancefinally(final)started.4.Hislackofeducationwasadisadvantage(advantage)whenhelookedforajob.5.IworkwithVolunteersforWildlife，arescueandeducationorganization(organize)atBaileyArboretuminLocustValley.(2017·全國Ⅰ)6.Severaldayslater，whenthevideowasplayedonthegraduation(graduate)ceremony，itwaswellreceived.(2017·北京)7.Thatpersonpersonallypersuadedthepersonnelwithpersuasive(persuade)words.8.Choosingfurnitureislargelyamatterofpersonalpreference(prefer).1.eversince自從；自……以后2.dreamabout夢想3.graduatefrom畢業(yè)于4.befondof喜愛；喜歡5.careabout關心；在意；憂慮；惦念6.changeone’smind改變主意7.makeupone’smind下決心；決定8.givein投降；屈服；讓步9.asusual照常10.atmidnight在午夜語境活用[用上述黑體短語的正確形式填空]1.AlthoughIgotupwithaheadache，Iwenttoworkasusual.2.Atthesametime，Imadeupmymindtostudyharderratherthanwasteprecioustimeonthoseuselessthings，suchasplayingvideogamesandchattingonline.3.Thebookisespeciallyhelpfulforthosewhocareabouttheirbodyshape.4.Shewas/isespeciallyfondofalittlegirlnamedBetsy.5.NowAliawaitedforthewartoendanddreamedaboutpeaceandanewlibrary.(2017·浙江)6.—WhereisPeter？Ican’tfindhimanywhere.—Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastandhasbeenwritinghisessaythereeversince.(2015·福建)1.位置反義詞小結(1)on→beneath(2)over→under(3)above→below2.fore-前綴表“預見的；前部的”(1)forecastn.&v.預測；預報(2)foreseev.預見；預知(3)foretellv.預言；預測(4)foreheadn.前額(5)forewordn.前言；序(6)foresightn.先見之明；遠見3.“態(tài)度”單詞聚焦(1)negative消極的；否定的→positive積極的；肯定的(2)optimistic樂觀的→pessimistic悲觀的(3)mild溫和的→tough強硬的(4)partial偏袒的→neutral中立的(5)sympathetic同情的→indifferent漠不關心的4.“缺點”匯總(1)weaknessn.弱點；缺點(2)shortingn.短處；缺點(3)disadvantagen.劣勢；缺點(4)defectn.缺陷；缺點5.與完成時連用的常見短語(1)eversince自從(2)over/during/inthelast/past＋一段時間在過去……時間里(3)sofar到目前為止(4)upto/tillnow直到現(xiàn)在6.“喜歡”一族(1)befondof喜歡(2)becrazyabout對……著迷(3)beaddictedto對……上癮(4)bekeenon喜愛(5)haveafancy/preferencefor喜歡1.eversince與完成時連用Eversincemiddleschool，mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.從高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直夢想做一次偉大的自行車旅行。2.insist＋that...堅決要求……；堅持主張……Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces，sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.盡管她對去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅持要自己把這次旅行安排得盡善盡美。3.不定式的主動形式表示被動意義WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreatheanditwouldbeverycold，shesaiditwouldbeaninterestingexperience.當我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸會很困難而且天氣很冷時，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經歷。句式仿寫1.上星期她病了，從那時起她就一直臥床不起。Shefellsicklastweekandhasbeeninbedeversince.2.我告訴她咳嗽了一晚上她不應該去游泳了，但是她拒絕放棄，堅持要去。(2016·天津)Itoldhersheshouldn’tswimafterawholenight’scoughing，butsherefusedtogiveupandinsisted(that)she(should)go.3.在夏季，人們可以神清氣爽地呼吸新鮮空氣，愉悅地享受自然風光。(2016·四川)Insummer，freshairisfortabletobreatheandnaturalsceneryispleasanttoenjoy.preferv.更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)拓展詞：preferencen.偏愛；優(yōu)先權；偏愛的事物(1)prefertodo/doing...更喜歡做……prefersb.todo...更喜歡讓某人做……prefersth./doing...tosth./doing...與……相比更喜歡……prefertodo...ratherthando...寧可做……也不做……(2)haveapreferencefor...偏愛……(1)Ratherthantalk(talk)withhismother，hepreferstobe(be)alwaysonthephone，sleep，stayinhisroomorgooutwithhisfriends.他更喜歡打，睡覺，待在房間里或和朋友外出而不是和母親說說話。(2)Ateachershouldnotshowpreferenceforanyoneofhispupils.教師不應偏愛任何一個學生。[一句多譯](3)她寧愿跟我們一起去也不愿留下來。①Shepreferredgoingwithustostayingbehind.(prefer...to...)②Shepreferredtogowithusratherthanstaybehind.(prefer...ratherthan...)③Shewouldrathergowithusthanstaybehind.(wouldrather...than...)④Shewouldgowithusratherthanstaybehind.(would...ratherthan...)eq\x(persuadevt.說服；勸說；使信服；使相信)拓展詞：persuasionn.勸說，說服(力)persuadesb.todosth.＝persuadeodoingsth.說服某人做某事persuadesb.nottodosth.＝persuadesb.outofdoingsth.說服某人不做某事persuadesb.ofsth./that...使某人相信……(1)Itwashardtopersuadehimtogiveup/intogivingup/outofsmoking.說服他戒煙很難。[同義句改寫](2)Hetriedtopersuademetoaccepthisidea，butinvain.→Headvisedmetoaccepthisidea，butinvain.[熟詞生義]寫出句子中黑體詞的漢語意思(3)HowcanIpersuadeyouthatIamsincere？使相信[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“試圖說服某人做某事(不一定說服)”的表達形式：trytopersuadesb.todosth.；advisesb.todosth.。eq\x(determinevi.&vt.決定；確定；使下定決心)拓展詞：determinedadj.堅決的；堅定的；果斷的determinationn.決心；堅定；果斷(1)determinetodo...決定做……(表示動作)determineon/upon決定(2)bedeterminedtodo...決心做……(表示狀態(tài))(3)withdetermination堅決地；果斷地(1)ThismadeHannahverysad，andevenmoredetermined(determine)todosomething.這使?jié)h娜很傷心，也更堅定了她要做點兒事情的決心。(2017·北京)[同義句改寫](2)Ihavedeterminedtospendmyholidayathome.→Ihavedeterminedon/uponspendingmyholidayathome.[句式升級](3)Johnnybrokeawayandranoutsideandhewasdeterminednevertogotoanotherdance.(用形容詞短語作狀語改寫)Johnnybrokeawayandranoutside，determinednevertogotoanotherdance.viewn.看法；觀點；視野；風景v.把……看作；觀看；考慮拓展詞：viewern.觀看者；觀眾(1)inviewof鑒于；由于；考慮到eintoview進入視野；看得見inview在視線范圍內inone’sview/opinion在某人看來(2)view...as...把……看作……(1)Inviewoftheweather，wewillcanceltheouting.因天氣關系，我們要取消此次郊游。(2)Inmyview/opinion，ifyouwanttolearnEnglishwell，youneedtodomorelistening，speaking，readingandwriting.依我看來，如果你想學好英語，你需要多聽、多說、多讀、多寫。(3)Viewed(view)fromadistance，theislandlookedlikeacloud.從遠處看，這個島看起來像一朵云。eq\x(careabout關心；在意；憂慮；惦念)carefor喜歡；照顧takecare當心takecareof照料；處理withcare小心地(1)Shethinksonlyofherself；shedoesn’tcareaboutotherpeople.她只顧自己，不顧別人。(2)Astheaverageageofthepopulationincreases，therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.隨著人口平均壽命的延長，越來越多的老人需要照顧。(2016·天津)[同義句改寫](3)Whateveryoudo，youmustdoitcarefully.→Whateveryoudo，youmustdoitwithcare.[易錯點撥]careabout意為“介意；在乎”；carefor意為“喜歡；照顧”，兩者意義不同，不要混淆。eq\x(changeone’smind改變主意)makeupone’smind下決心；決定readone’smind看出某人的心思fix/keepone’smindon...把注意力放在……上bear/keepsth.inmind記住某事nevermind沒關系；不要緊(1)Thedeterminedlookintheireyestoldusthatnothingcouldmakethemchangetheirminds.他們堅定的眼神告訴我們任何東西都不能使他們改變主意。(2)Williams’twobookshelpedBenjamintomakeuphismindtobeapainter.威廉姆斯的兩本書幫助本杰明下定決心成為一名畫家。(2017·浙江)(3)OntheInternet，wecouldquicklyandeasilylocatethedetails，andcheckfacts，withoutkeepingtheminmind.在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上，我們可以快速方便地找到詳細資料，核對事實，而不必記住它們。(2016·江蘇)[易錯點撥]changeone’smind和makeupone’smind中mind隨one’s的單復數(shù)變化而變化。eq\x(givein投降；屈服；讓步；上交)giveaway泄露；贈送giveout分發(fā)；用完；耗盡；發(fā)出熱、光等giveoff發(fā)出氣味、熱等；冒出giveup放棄giveback歸還(1)Onlyacowardgivesintohisfate.只有懦夫才會向命運屈服。(2)Bodylanguagecangiveawayalotaboutyourmood，sostandingwithyourarmsfoldedcansendoutasignalthatyouarebeingdefensive.身勢語能夠泄露很多你的情緒，因此雙臂交叉站著能發(fā)送出你正在防衛(wèi)的信號。(2015·浙江)(3)Wehadjustreachedhomewhenthepetrolgaveout.我們剛好到家，汽油用光了。Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces，sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.盡管她對去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅持要自己把這次旅行安排得盡善盡美。eq\x(句型：insist＋that...)(1)insist作“堅持要求；堅持主張”講時，后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，即從句謂語動詞用(should＋)do；作“堅持說；堅持認為”解時，其后的從句用陳述語氣。(2)insiston/upon(doing)sth.堅持要求(做)某事(1)Thedoctorinsistedthatshewas(be)seriouslyillandthatshe(should)beoperated(operate)onimmediately.醫(yī)生堅持說她病得很重，堅決要求馬上給她動手術。[同義句改寫](2)HeinsistedthatI(should)gowithhim.→Heinsistedonme/mygoingwithhim.[易錯點撥]insist既不接不定式，也不接動名詞，遇此情況要用insiston。insist后也不接不定式的復合結構。WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreatheanditwouldbeverycold，shesaiditwouldbeaninterestingexperience.當我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸會很困難而且天氣很冷時，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經歷。eq\x(句型：不定式的主動形式表示被動意義)動詞不定式的主動形式表示被動意義的幾種情況：(1)主語＋be＋adj.＋不定式，常用于本句型的形容詞包括：easy，hard，difficult，interesting，heavy，pleasant，fortable，safe，dangerous，impossible，strange等。在這種句型中，不定式與句子的主語構成邏輯上的動賓關系，如果動詞是不及物動詞時，應該在不及物動詞后加上適當?shù)慕樵~。(2)have/give/show/getsth.todo句型中的不定式與前面的名詞有動賓關系，又和句中另一名詞或代詞構成主謂關系。(3)在“疑問詞＋todo”中，不定式常用主動式。(4)betoblame/let短語中，不定式主動形式表示被動意義。(1)Inmyopinion，amanwhoishardtopleasemustbedifficulttoworkwith.依我看來，一個很難取悅的人一定很難共事。(2)Thesentenceisnoteasytounderstand(understand).(3)Hercoworkerwassicksoshehadalotofworktodo(do)today.(4)Hisadmissionthathewastoblame(blame)kepttheothersfrombeingpunished.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Theyneededtobearoused(激發(fā))onewayortheother，andtheypreferredgoodnewstobad.(2016·全國Ⅲ)2.Ifyoudon’tspeakgoodEnglish，you’llbeatabigdisadvantagewhenyoutrytogetajob.3.Wehavemadeupourminds(mind)tooverethisdifficulty.4.MyhusbandandIinsistedthatourchildrenwere(be)oldenoughtomaketheirbeds.5.Sheisscheduledtogive(give)aspeechtonight，hopingallofuswillattendit.6.Iholdapositiveattitudetowards/toonlinevoting.(2016·江蘇)7.Sheleftschoolthreeyearsagoandhasbeenworking(work)asanurseeversince.8.Thismachineisveryeasytooperate(operate).Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.9.MrBlack，whoisaveryorganizedperson，worksasthepresidentofalargeinternationalorganization.(organize)10.MybrothergraduatedfromBeijingUniversitylastyear.Hehasbeenworkinginafamouspanyaftergraduation.(graduate)Ⅱ.單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)1.Thegovernmentinsistedthatplanseq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(be))madetohelpthoseoutofwork.2.Themanisverystubbornanddifficulttogetalongwelleq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(with)).3.Havingworkedfortwodays，Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportontheschedule.4.Heeq\f(persuaded,advised)hertostopsmokingbutfailed.5.eq\f(Determining,Determined)，Dadfilledourplateswithsteamingstewandpassedthemaround.Ⅲ.教材與語法填空WangKunandWangWeiarebrotherandsister.Theyhavedreamedabout1.taking(take)agreatbiketrip.Aftergraduatingfromcollege，theyfinallygotthechance2.totake(take)abiketrip.ItwasWangWei3.who/thatfirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiver，whosesourceisinQinghaiProvince.Despiteallthedifficulties，WangKunandWangWeiwere4.determined(determine)tobegintheirjourneyatanaltitudeof5.more(much)than5,000metresinQinghaiProvince.Beforetheirtrip，theyfoundalargeatlas6.withgoodmaps7.showing(show)detailsofworldgeography.FromittheyweresurprisedtolearnthathalfoftheMekongRiverisinChina.WhenitentersSoutheastAsia，ittravels8.slowly(slow)throughlowvalleystotheplains9.wherericegrows.Atlast，theriverdeltaenters10.theSouthChinaSea.Ⅳ.教材與短文改錯Althoughitwasautumn，thesnowwasalreadybeginningtofallinTibet.Alongthewaychildrenwhoweredressinginlongwoolcoatsstoptolookatus.Thelakesshonelikeglassinthesettingsunandlookedwonderfully.Toclimbthemountainswashardworkbutaswefoundmyselfcyclingthroughclouds，weweresurprising.Itwasagreatfuntogodownthehills.Inthevalleyscolourfulbutterfliesflewaroundusandwesawmanysheepseatinggreengrass.Intheearlyeveningwealwaysstoptomakecamp.Atmidnighttheskybecameclearandthestarsgrewbrighter.WecanhardlywaitreachDaliinYunnanProvince，thereourcousinswilljoinus.答案Althoughitwasautumn，thesnowwasalreadybeginningtofallinTibet.Alongthewaychildrenwhowereeq\f(dressing,dressed)inlongwoolcoatseq\f(stop,stopped)tolookatus.Thelakesshonelikeglassinthesettingsunandlookedeq\f(wonderfully,wonderful).Toclimbthemountainswashardworkbutaswefoundeq\f(myself,ourselves)cyclingthroughclouds，wewereeq\f(surprising,surprised).Itwasagreatfuntogodownthehills.Inthevalleyscolourfulbutterfliesflewaroundusandwesawmanyeq\f(sheeps,sheep)eatinggreengrass.Intheearlyeveningwealwaysstoptomakecamp.Atmidnighttheskybecameeq\f(clear,clearer)andthestarsgrewbrighter.Wecanhardlywaiteq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))reachDaliinYunnanProvince，eq\f(there,where)ourcousinswilljoinus.Ⅴ.教材與微寫作寫作素材(關于旅游)1.我們的鄰居湯姆，喜歡旅游而不愿待在家里。2.上個月他說服我們和他一起去旅游。3.他很可靠，關注準備工作的每個細節(jié)。4.他選擇了路線，找了交通工具并且制定了日程表。5.他組織的這次旅游給我們帶來了很多快樂。提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達，并且請使用過去分詞短語作定語。連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文)OurneighborTom，preferstravellingtostayingathome.Lastmonth，hepersuadedustojoininhisjourney.Hewasquitereliableandcaredabouteverydetailofthepreparationwork.Hechosetheroute，foundthetransportandmadetheschedule.Thejourneyorganizedbyhimmadeushappy.Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2017·河北唐山一模)Theonlinebusinessmodelischangingonasatisfaction-firstbasis.Itdoesn’tmatterifsomeoneremendedyouanapp，andnothingbeatsgettingtotryouttheappfirstbeforedecidingonwhetherornotapplyingfortheservice.·RhapsodyListentoRhapsody’slargemusiclibraryandgettheoptiontodownloadandlistentosongsorevenfull-lengthalbumsevenwhenyou’reoffline.Atthemoment，thisserviceisavailablein32countriesonly.Rememberthatyou’llneedtocancelwithinthefreetrialperiodtoavoidbeingchargedforyourfirstmonth.[Trialperiod—14days|Aftertrial—9.99/month|Trynow]·BigstockNeedtosavephotosforyourpresentationsandartworks？GotoBigstocktocheckouttheircollectionfromtopartistsandphotographersaroundtheworld.Choosefromover30millionphotos，andillustrations(插圖)，with75,000imagesingineverynewweek.Allyouneedtostartyourfreetrialisyoure-mailaddress.[Trialperiod—7days|Aftertrial—79/month|Trynow]·CanvasIfyouaredrowninginpaperwork，perhapsitistimetouseCanvasandtransferallyourpaperworkonline.Digitalizeyourworkorders，formsetc.，sothattheycanbefilledupandpletedrightonanymobiledevice.Thismakesiteasytocreate，edit，gainvaluabledataandsendittothepeoplewhoneeditinseconds.[Trialperiod—30days|Aftertrial—13/month|Trynow]·BackupifyIfyouhaveeverlostyourphone，youknowhowimportantitistobackup(備份)allyourimportantdocuments，notes，contactsandotherpersonaldetails.Getcloud-to-cloudprotectionofupto3PBofdatawithBackupify.YoucanbackupyourdataforGoogleapps，Office365，varioussocialmediasitesandevenSalesforce.[Trialperiod—15days|Aftertrial—3/month|Trynow]Tolearnmoreabouttheappsabove，ClickHere.eq\x(語篇解讀本文介紹了幾款可以免費試用的軟件。)1.WhoismorelikelytousetheappCanvas?A.Asecretary. B.Aphotographer.C.Anartist. D.Amusician.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)Canvas部分的第一句“Ifyouaredrowninginpaperwork，perhapsitistimetouseCanvasandtransferallyourpaperworkonline.”可知，這款軟件適用于需要大量處理文書工作的人。secretary秘書；photographer攝影師；artist畫家；musician音樂家。故選A項。2.Tosavephotos，canbeofsomehelp.A.BigstockandCanvasB.BackupifyandBigstockC.RhapsodyandBackupifyD.RhapsodyandCanvas答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bigstock部分的第一句“Needtosavephotosforyourpresentationsandartworks？”以及Backupify部分的“Getcloud-to-cloudprotectionofupto3PBofdatawithBackupify.”可知，這兩款軟件可以保存照片。故選B項。3.Whatdothefourappshaveinmon?A.Userswillaccessthemviae-mailaccounts.B.Theyofferfreeentertainmentservices.C.Theycanhelpbrushupusers’workskills.D.Userscantrythemwithoutpayingmoney.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)這四款軟件最后的提示可知，這四款軟件都可以免費試用。故選D項。4.Wherecanyoufindmoreinformationaboutsuchapps?A.Amagazine. B.ATVshow.C.Awebsite. D.Anewspaper.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Tolearnmoreabouttheappsabove，ClickHere.”可知，這篇文章應該出現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)站上。故選C項。B(2018·河北故城高級中學期中)TherearemorebicyclesthanresidentsintheNetherlands，andincitieslikeAmsterdamandTheHagueupto70%ofalljourneysaremadebybike.TheBBC’sreporter，AnnaHolligan，examineswhatmadeeveryonegetbackinthesaddle(車座).BeforeWorldWarⅡ，journeysintheNetherlandsweremainlymadebybike，butinthe1950sand1960s，ascarownershipincreasedquickly，thischanged.AsinmanycountriesinEurope，roadsbecameincreasinglycrowded.Thejumpincarnumbercausedahugeriseinthenumberofdeathsontheroads.In1971morethan3,000peoplewerekilledbymotorvehicles，and450ofthemwerechildren.Inresponseasocialmovementdemandingsafercyclingconditionsforchildrenwasformed.CalledStopdeKindermoord，ittookitsnamefromtheheadlineofanarticlewrittenbyjournalistVicLangenhoffwhoseownchildhadbeenkilledinaroadaccident.TheDutchloveofthemotorvehiclewasalsoshakenbytheMiddleEastoilcrisisof1973，whenoil-producingcountriestoppedexporttotheUSandWesternEurope.ThesetwinpressureshelpedtopersuadetheDutchgovernmenttoinvestinimprovingcyclinginfrastructure(基礎設施)andtheDutchurbanplannersstartedtochangefromtheroad-buildingpoliciesdesignedmainlyforcars.Tomakecyclingsaferandmoreinviting，theDutchhavebuiltavastnetworkofcyclepaths.Theseareclearlymarked，havesmoothsurfaces，separatesignsandlightsforthoseontwowheels，andarewideenoughtoallowcyclingsidebysideandovertaking.Evenbeforetheycanwalk，Dutchchildrenliveinaworldofcycling.Asbabiestheytravelinspecialseatsonbikes.Asthechildrengrowuptheyridetheirownbikes.And，astheDutcharenotallowedtodriveuntil18，cyclingoffersteenagersanalternativeformoffreedom.Thestatealsoplaysapartinteaching，withcyclinglessonsapulsory(必修的)partinDutchschools.Allschoolshaveplacestoparkbikesandatsomeschools90%ofpupilscycletoclass.語篇解讀文章主要介紹了在荷蘭騎車是生活的一部分。交通事故和石油短缺使得荷蘭政府投資改善了自行車基礎設施，并采取了一系列促進自行車騎行的措施。5.WhatdoesAnnaHolliganintendtofindout?A.WhycyclingispopularintheNetherlands.B.HowjourneysaremadeintheNetherlands.C.What’sthemainmeansoftransportintheNetherlands.D.WhatmakesthechildrenlikecyclingintheNetherlands.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知，AnnaHolligan想弄清楚為什么騎自行車在荷蘭受歡迎。故選A。6.StopdeKindermoordisaimedat.A.advisingpeopletotravelbybikeB.callingonmorechildrentocycleC.improvingcyclingconditionsforchildrenD.askingthegovernmenttoinvestmoreincycling答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inresponseasocialmovementdemandingsafercyclingconditionsforchildrenwasformed.CalledStopdeKindermoord”可知，StopdeKindermoord的目標就是改善孩子們的騎車環(huán)境，使其更加安全。故選C。7.WhatresultedintheDutchgovernment’schangingroad-buildingpolicies?A.Morecarsandroadaccidents.B.Morecarsandhigheroilprices.C.Roadaccidentsandoilshortage.D.Asocialmovementandoilcrisis.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三、四段的內容可知，交通事故和石油短缺導致了這一結果。8.WhatdowelearnabouttheDutchchildren?A.Theymustgetalicensetorideabike.B.Theyarenotallowedtodriveuntil16.C.Theymusthavecyclinglessonsatschool.D.Theydon’tusebikeswhentheyareveryyoung.答案CC(2018·遼寧沈陽交聯(lián)體期中)Tulou，thespecialresidentialarchitectureofFujianProvincewasincludedontheUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListduringthe32ndsessionoftheWorldHeritagemitteeinQuebec，Canada.Inthefourthcentury，HanChineselivingintheCentralPlainsareabegantomigratesouth，graduallygatheringinFujianandformingtheHakkamunities.Asadefenceagainstenemies，theHakkaschosetoliveinpact(緊湊的)munities，andthetulouwastheirpreferredhouses.TensofthousandsofsuchearthenstructureswereconstructedinFujianProvince.Mosttulousaretobefoundinthevalleys，surroundedbyhighmountains，andsomeareinthedepthsofthegreatmountains.Mostarethreetofourstoreyshigh，andlooklikecircularblockhouses(堡壘).Roomsonthefirstfloorareusedaskitchens，roomsonthesecondfloorareusedasbarns(谷倉)，androomsonthethirdandfourthfloorsareforbedroomsandlivingrooms.Fordefensivepurposes，theroomsonthefirstfloorhavenowindows.Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedlocally.Theirmainbuildingmaterialwasamixtureofclay，sand，limeandwater，andeggwhites，brownsugarandricewaterwereaddedasadhesiveagents(粘合劑).Itwasthenmixedtoformthewalls.Oncetheydried，thewallsweresohardthatdrivinganailintothemwouldhavebeendifficult.Firbranches，whichareextremelystronganddonotrot，wereusedtostrengthenthem，andmanycenturieslatertheyhaveremainedtheiroriginallook.Tulousarelocatedinaregionwhereearthquakeshappenfrequently，andtheircircularconstructionhelpsthemresisttheregularshocks.TheprovendesigneveninspiredonefamousPeruvianarchitect，whopaidseveralvisitstoYongding，tobuildatuloubackhome.Notlongafter，anearthquakestruckonly10kilometersaway，andwhileallthehousesaroundtheearthenbuildingfelldown，histulouremained.語篇解讀本文主要介紹了福建省特殊的住宅建筑——土樓，現(xiàn)已被列入聯(lián)合國教科文組織的世界遺產名錄。9.Fromthepassage，weknowthattulou.A.isaspecialresidentialarchitectureofHanChineseinFujianeventodayB.wasoncetheplacewheretheHakkaschosetolivetogetherC.isalsomodernpeople’spreferredhousesD.lookslikecircularblockhousesbuteasytofalldownintheearthquake答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Asadefenceagainstenemies，theHakkaschosetoliveinpact(緊湊的)munities，andthetulouwastheirpreferredhouses.”可知，土樓曾經是客家人選擇一起居住的地方。10.Fromthethirdparagraph，wecaninferthat.A.mosttulousaretobefoundinurbanareaB.HakkasmightliveanorganizedandharmoniouslifeC.peoplelivedonthesecondfloorinthetulouD.nowindowsareonthefirstfloortokeepthetuloustrong答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知土樓不在城市里，排除A；人們住在第三、四層，排除C；一樓沒有窗戶是為了防御，排除D。再根據(jù)建造這樣大規(guī)模的樣式一致的房子，一定是有組織地行為；人們也都住在一起，說明能和諧共處，可以推斷出客家人可能過著有組織的、和諧的生活。故選B。11.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.HakkasbuilttulouswhentheylivedintheCentralPlainsarea.B.Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedfromfaraway.C.Itisdifficulttodigaholeintothewallsofthetulou.D.Firbranchesmayhelpthemresisttheregularshocks.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Oncetheydried，thewallsweresohardthatdrivinganailintothemwouldhavebeendifficult.”可知，在土墻上釘子都釘不進去，可見在土樓的墻上挖一個洞是很難的。故選C。12.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.OneofUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListB.The