11 歷史人物（含答案解析）-2025年中考英語(yǔ)新熱點(diǎn)時(shí)文閱讀

2025年中考英語(yǔ)新熱點(diǎn)時(shí)文閱讀-歷史人物題型主要內(nèi)容1閱讀理解介紹了“破釜沉舟”的故事。2閱讀理解介紹了數(shù)學(xué)家祖沖之。3閱讀理解介紹了岳飛精忠報(bào)國(guó)的故事。4閱讀理解講述了中國(guó)歷史上著名的醫(yī)生李時(shí)珍以及他寫(xiě)的《本草綱目》。5完形填空講述了班超帶兵出使鄯善國(guó)，在鄯善國(guó)智取匈奴國(guó)并得到了鄯善國(guó)國(guó)王的欽佩，成功與鄯善國(guó)簽訂了條約。6短文填空講述了“三尺巷”的典故。7短文填空“退避三舍”的來(lái)歷和含義。8短文填空了齊國(guó)派遣晏子去楚國(guó)求援的故事。9短文填空介紹古代中國(guó)的數(shù)學(xué)家祖沖之。10選詞填空介紹了汪倫對(duì)李白的崇敬之情以及他們的友誼。01（24-25九年級(jí)上·重慶沙坪壩·開(kāi)學(xué)考試）AttheendoftheWarringStatesPeriod(戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期),YingZhengunifiedsixstatesandstartedtheQinDynasty.Butsoon,afterhissonHuhaibecamethenewemperor,thesixstateswantedtoriseagain.TheywereoftenatwarwithQin.Oneday,Zhaocouldn’twinagainstQin’sarmyandaskedforhelpfromChu.TherulerofChuagreedtosendanarmy.SongYiwastheleaderofthearmyandXiangYuwashisdeputy(副官).WhenthisarmyreachedatownbytheZhangheRiver,Songdecidedtostaythereforawhile.Thesoldiershadtowaitforhisorderswhilecoldandhungry.ButSonghimselfenjoyednicefoodandinterestingperformances.Aboutamonthlater,XiangfinallylosthispatienceandkilledSong.Whenhebecamethenewleaderofthearmy,XiangsentagroupofsoldierstocrosstheZhangheRiverfirsttohelpZhao.Xiangthenorderedtherestofhissoldiers,“Breakallthepotsandsinkalltheboats.Eitheryourenemiesdie,oryoudie!”Therewasnowayofturningback.WhenthesoldiersmetQin’sarmy,theyshoutedloudlyandfoughtverybravely.Intheend,Xiang’sarmywonthewar.1．WhounifiedsixstatesattheendoftheWarringStatesPeriod?A．Huhai. B．XiangYu. C．YingZheng. D．SongYi.2．WhatdidChudoafterZhaoaskedforhelp?A．Chukeptsilentanddidn’treplytoZhao. B．ChuagreedtosendanarmytohelpZhao.C．ChuhelpedQintofightagainstZhao. D．ChukilledtheleaderofQin.3．WhydidXiangYukillSongYi?A．Becausetheyareenemiesfromdifferentarmies.B．BecauseSongYienjoyedhimselfwhilehissoldierswerehungryandcold.C．BecauseChu’semperororderedXiangYutodoso.D．BecauseXiangdidn’twanttocrosstheriver.4．WhatfamousChineseidiomisfromthisstory?A．三顧茅廬 B．草木皆兵 C．完璧歸趙 D．破釜沉舟【答案】1．C2．B3．B4．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了“破釜沉舟”的故事。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AttheendoftheWarringStatesPeriod(戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期),YingZhengunifiedsixstatesandstartedtheQinDynasty”可知戰(zhàn)國(guó)末期，嬴政統(tǒng)一六國(guó)，建立秦朝。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TherulerofChuagreedtosendanarmy.”可知楚王同意派兵。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thesoldiershadtowaitforhisorderswhilecoldandhungry.ButSonghimselfenjoyednicefoodandinterestingperformances.Aboutamonthlater,XiangfinallylosthispatienceandkilledSong.”可知士兵又冷又餓，但是宋義享受美食和表演，所以項(xiàng)羽失去了耐心，殺死了他。故選B。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Breakallthepotsandsinkalltheboats.Eitheryourenemiesdie,oryoudie”可知打碎所有的鍋，擊沉所有的船，并結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，這是“破釜沉舟”的故事。故選D。02（23-24九年級(jí)上·福建莆田·期中）ZuChongzhiwasoneofthegreatestmathematiciansinancientChina.HewasbornduringtheNorthernandSoutherndynasties.Hisfamilywereverytalented.Theyhadbeenstudyingmathematicsandastronomy(天文學(xué))forgenerations.Fromayoungage.Zuwastaughtnaturalscience,astronomy,math.philosophy(哲學(xué))andsoon.Thelittleboywasinterestedinallofthesesubjects,especiallyinmath.Zuwasbestknownforhiscalculationofpi.Accordingtohistoricalrecords,hedidalltheworkusingonlywoodensticks.Ittookhimlotsoftimetoworkoutthevalue—between3,1415926and3,1415927.Nooneatthattimewasabletocalculateitmoreaccurately(準(zhǔn)確地)thanZu.Theachievementhasbeenrecognizedaroundtheworld.InordertorememberZu,somemathematicianshavesuggestedcallingpi“ZuLv(祖率)”.Zuwasalsoknownforworkingouthowtocalculatethevolume(體積)ofasphere(球).HedidthiswiththehelpofhissonZuGengzhi.ThetworecordedtheirachievementinZhuiShu.ThebookwasusedduringtheTangdynasty.ButZuwassuccessfulnotonlyinmath;hedidagoodjobinastronomy,too.Heworkedoutthatayearshouldbe365.24281481dayslongandcreatedtheDamingCalendar.However,governmentofficialsatthattimedidnotagreewithZu.Thegreatmathematicianneversawhiscalendarputintouseafterhisdeath,ZuGengzhikeptonprovingthattheDamingCalendarwasmoreaccurate.Almosttenyearslater,thenewcalendarwasfinallyaccepted.Zuwasalsoaninventor.Heoncemadeavehiclethatcarriedapointer.Howeverthevehicleturned,thepointeralwayspointedtotheSouth.Zualsoinventedthe1,000-liBoat.Theboatcouldtravel100li(about60kilometers)inaday.1．What’sthebeststructureforthetext?A． B． C． D．2．WhichquestioncangettheanswerfromthebookZhuiShu?A．Howtodocalculationsusingwoodensticks?B．Howtoworkouttheaccuratevalueofpi?C．Howtocalculatethevolumeofasphere?D．Howtoprovethatayearis365,24281481dayslong?3．TheDamingCalendarwasnotimmediatelyputintousebecause________.A．governmentofficialsrefusedtousethecalendarB．ZuGengzhiprovedthatthecalendarwasinaccurateC．thecalendarwashardforthegeneralpublictoacceptD．ZuChongzhilaterdiscoveredmistakesinthecalendar4．WhichpicturemostprobablyshowsZuChongzhi’sinvention?A． B． C． D．5．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．AgreatdynastyinancientChina B．TheachievementsinancientChinaC．AstoryaboutZuChengzhiandhisson D．ZuChongzhi’sgreatachievements【答案】1．D2．C3．A4．B5．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了數(shù)學(xué)家祖沖之。1．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。第一段總體概述介紹的對(duì)象；第二，三，四段介紹祖沖之的的成就。故是總分的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Zuwasalsoknownforworkingouthowtocalculatethevolume(體積)ofasphere(球).HedidthiswiththehelpofhissonZuGengzhi.ThetworecordedtheirachievementinZhuiShu.”可知ZhuiShu這本書(shū)記載的是如何計(jì)算球的體積，故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“However,governmentofficialsatthattimedidnotagreewithZu.Thegreatmathematicianneversawhiscalendarputintouseafterhisdeath,”可知，沒(méi)有投入使用是因?yàn)檎賳T不同意。故選A。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Zualsoinventedthe1,000-liBoat.Theboatcouldtravel100li(about60kilometers)inaday.”可知，祖還發(fā)明了千里船。這艘船一天可以行駛100里（約60公里），結(jié)合圖片可知是B。5．最佳標(biāo)題題。本文主要介紹祖沖之的偉大成就。故選D。03（23-24九年級(jí)上·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·期中）YueFeiisoneofChina’sfamousheroes.WhenNorthernSongwasinvaded(入侵),Yuehadtomakeadifficultchoice:hewantedtoprotecthiscountry,buthealsowantedtotakecareofhismother.Toencouragehim,hismotherwrotefourChinesecharacters(漢字)onhisback:jingzhongbaoguo.ThenYueFeiwentofftowar.In1127,theJinDynasty(朝代)invadedKaifeng,thecapitalofNorthernSong.TheSouthernSongDynastywasfoundedthen.AndYueFeiledhisarmytofightagainstJin’ssoldiers.ThereweremanysoldiersfollowingYueFei.Ifthesematesfellill,Yuewouldbringmedicinetothemintime.Iftheydiedinwar,Yuewouldhelptheirfamilies.Whenreceivingawards(獎(jiǎng)賞)fromtheemperor(皇帝),Yuealwayssharedthoseawardswiththem.However,agroupofofficialsheadedbyQinHuitoldtheemperorthatYueFeimightbecometoopowerfulanddosomethingbadtothecountry.SoYueFeihadtoreturntothecapitalandallhisrightsweretakenaway.Oneyearlater,hewasputtodeathwhenhewas39yearsold.1．WhywasitdifficultforYueFeitomakeachoice?A．Becauseheworriedthathewoulddieinthewars.B．Becausehewonderedwhetherhewoulddieinthewars.C．Becausehedidn’tknowwhetherhecouldbeattheenemies.D．Becausehewantedtotakecareofbothhiscountryandhismother.2．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．YueFeicareddeeplyforhismates. B．YueFeialsotreatedwoundedpatientsC．YueFeilookedafterallhissoldiers’families. D．YueFeialwaysacceptedgiftsfromhismates.3．Whatisthecorrectorderaccordingtothepassage?a.Kaifengwasinvaded.

b.YueFeidecidedtogoofftowarc.YueFeiwasputtodeath

d.ThesouthernSongDynastywasfoundedA．b-a-d-c B．a(chǎn)-b-d-c C．d-b-a-c D．c-a-d-b4．WhichofthefollowingmaybewrittenbyYueFei?A．國(guó)破山河在，城春草木深 B．人生自古誰(shuí)無(wú)死，留取丹心照汗青C．但使龍城飛將在，不教胡馬度陰山 D．三十功名塵與土，八千里路云和月5．Thispassageiswrittento________A．carryforwardthespiritoflovingourcountry.B．introducethehistoryofSouthernSongDynasty.C．showthedevelopmentofNorthernSongDynasty.D．tellthewaysofbecomingstrongerforacountry.【答案】1．D2．A3．A4．D5．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了岳飛精忠報(bào)國(guó)的故事。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WhenNorthernSongwasinvaded(入侵),Yuehadtomakeadifficultchoice:hewantedtoprotecthiscountry,buthealsowantedtotakecareofhismother.”可知，當(dāng)北宋被入侵時(shí)，岳飛很難做出選擇，因?yàn)樗胍Ｗo(hù)他的國(guó)家，也想照顧他的母親。故選D。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ThereweremanysoldiersfollowingYueFei.Ifthesematesfellill,Yuewouldbringmedicinetothemintime.Iftheydiedinwar,Yuewouldhelptheirfamilies.Whenreceivingawards(獎(jiǎng)賞)fromtheemperor(皇帝),Yuealwayssharedthoseawardswiththem.”可知，岳飛及時(shí)給生病的士兵送藥，他會(huì)幫助戰(zhàn)死沙場(chǎng)的士兵的家人，與他們分享皇帝的獎(jiǎng)賞，因此推斷岳飛很關(guān)心他的士兵。故選A。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThenYueFeiwentofftowar.”可知，岳飛決定出征；根據(jù)“In1127,theJinDynasty(朝代)invadedKaifeng,thecapitalofNorthernSong.TheSouthernSongDynastywasfoundedthen.”可知，后來(lái)開(kāi)封被入侵，然后南宋被建立；根據(jù)“Oneyearlater,hewasputtodeathwhenhewas39yearsold.”可知，最后，岳飛被處死。因此正確的順序?yàn)椋篵-a-d-c，故選A。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)常識(shí)，D項(xiàng)的“三十功名塵與土，八千里路云和月”，出自岳飛的《滿江紅》，故選D。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Toencouragehim,hismotherwrotefourChinesecharacters(漢字)onhisback:jingzhongbaoguo.ThenYueFeiwentofftowar.”可知，本文講述了岳飛精忠報(bào)國(guó)的故事，因此本文是為了弘揚(yáng)愛(ài)國(guó)精神。故選A。04（2024·西藏·中考真題）LiShizhen(1518—1593),wasafamousChinesemedicalscientist,pharmacist(藥學(xué)家)andnaturalist(博物學(xué)家)oftheMingDynasty.LiShizhen’sgrandfatherwasamedicalpractitioner(從業(yè)人員)whotravelledthecountryside,andhisfather,LiYanwen,wasalsoafamouslocaldoctor.Grownupinamedicalfamilylikethis,hewasreallyfondofmedicinesincehewasakid.However,hisfatherwantedhimtostudyfortheimperialexaminations(科舉考試)anddidnotencouragehimtopractisemedicineduetothelowsocialstatus(地位)atthetime.However,LiShizhendidn’tgiveupstudyingmedicine.WhenLiShizhenwasyoung,heenjoyedtraditionalChinesemedicineandbegantoreadmedicalbooks.Hefoundmanymistakesinthosebooks.Heworriedthesemistakeswouldcauseseriousproblemsordeath.SoLiShizhendecidedtowriteanewbook.Hetravelledeverywheretolookforherbs(藥草)anddoresearch.Andhetalkedwithfarmers,doctorsandpatients.Heeventestedherbsonhimselfandalmostlosthislifemanytimes.LiShizhencollectedandrecordedover1,890herbs.Healsoreadabout900medicalbooks.Heworkeddayandnight.Finallythevaluablework,CompendiumofMateriaMedicaorBencaoGangmu,cameout.TodayMateriaMedicahasbeentranslatedintomanyforeignlanguages.ItiswidelyreadnotonlyinChinabutalsoinmanyothercountriesaroundtheworld.1．Fromthepassage,LiShizhenisa(an)_________.A．a(chǎn)rtist B．doctor C．traveller D．farmer2．WhichisLiShizhen’sfamouswork?A．《茶經(jīng)》 B．《千金方》 C．《本草綱目》 D．《傷寒雜病論》3．WhydidLiShizhenwriteCompendiumofMateriaMedica?A．Hewantedtobefamous. B．Hewantedtobeagreatwriter.C．Hewantedtosavemorepeople. D．Hewantedtomakeenoughmoney.4．WhichisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．LiShizhendidn’tlikeherbs.B．LiShizhen’sgrandfatherwasafarmer.C．LiShizhen’sfatherencouragedhimtobeadoctor.D．LiShizhenfoundmanymistakesinthemedicalbooks.5．Whichisthebesttitle(標(biāo)題)forthepassage?A．AStoryofTheHerbsB．LiShizhenandHisFamilyC．AMedicalScientistofTheSongDynastyD．LiShizhenandCompendiumofMateriaMedica【答案】1．B2．C3．C4．D5．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述了中國(guó)歷史上著名的醫(yī)生李時(shí)珍以及他寫(xiě)的《本草綱目》。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“LiShizhen(1518-1593),wasafamousChinesemedicalscientist,pharmacist(藥學(xué)家)andnaturalist(博物學(xué)家)oftheMingDynasty.…LiYanwen,wasalsoafamouslocaldoctor”可知，他是一名醫(yī)生，故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TodayMateriaMedicahasbeentranslatedintomanyforeignlanguages.ItiswidelyreadnotonlyinChinabutalsoinmanyothercountriesaroundtheworld”可知，《本草綱目》是一部著名的作品，故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Heworriedthesemistakeswouldcauseseriousproblemsordeath.SoLiShizhendecidedtowriteanewbook.”可知，他擔(dān)心這些錯(cuò)誤會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題甚至死亡。所以李時(shí)珍決定寫(xiě)一本新書(shū)，也就是寫(xiě)這本書(shū)是為了救更多的人，故選C。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WhenLiShizhenwasyoung,heenjoyedtraditionalChinesemedicineandbegantoreadmedicalbooks.Hefoundmanymistakesinthosebooks”可知，他在醫(yī)學(xué)書(shū)籍上發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多錯(cuò)誤，故選D。5．最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，本文講述了中國(guó)歷史上著名的醫(yī)生李時(shí)珍以及他寫(xiě)的《本草綱目》，故選D。05（23-24九年級(jí)上·山東濰坊·期中）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。DuringtheHandynasty,therewasageneral(將軍)namedBanChao.Oneday,hewassenttovisitShanshanstate(鄯善國(guó))-nearmodernXinjianginthewest.The1ofBan’stripwastoestablish(建立)goodrelationswiththestate.Hebroughtonlyabout30soldierswithhim.TheShanshankingmetthemkindlyandtreatedthemwell.AtthattimetherewasanationcalledXiongnuorHuninthenorth.Itoftenfought2Han’sarmy.Afewdayslater,Xiongnualsosentmessengers(使者)withlotsofsoldierstothestate.Theyspoke3ofBantothekingofShanshan.Thekingbegantoshowacoldattitude(態(tài)度)towardsBan’sgroup.WhenBansawthis,hesaidtohissoldiers,“TheShanshankingis4treatingusinafriendlywayanylonger.Ifwedon’tdoanything,hemay5usovertotheHuns.Ifso,wewillneitherbeabletocompleteourtask6returnalive.”Thegeneralsaid,“TheHunshave7soldiersthanwedoandtheShanshankingmustsupportthem.Sowehavenochoicebut8allofthesoldiersattheHunsarmycampwhentheyslept.”Atnight,Banledhissoldiers9totheHuns’camp.There,hesetfireandbeatthewardrumsloudly.TheHunsoldierswerevery10.Afterafiercebattle(激戰(zhàn)),Ban’sarmykilledmorethan100enemies.Thekingadmired(欽佩)Ban’sbraveryandfearedBanatthesametime.Heimmediatelysignedapeacetreaty(條約)withBan.1．A．experience B．purpose C．trouble D．method2．A．for B．with C．behind D．a(chǎn)gainst3．A．highly B．warmly C．badly D．coldly4．A．often B．a(chǎn)lways C．never D．hardly5．A．hand B．take C．get D．pass6．A．nor B．or C．but D．a(chǎn)nd7．A．less B．more C．fewer D．weaker8．A．kill B．save C．tosave D．tokill9．A．quickly B．secretly C．slowly D．happily10．A．relaxed B．excited C．frightened D．interested【答案】1．B2．D3．C4．C5．A6．A7．B8．D9．B10．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述了班超帶兵出使鄯善國(guó)，在鄯善國(guó)智取匈奴國(guó)并得到了鄯善國(guó)國(guó)王的欽佩，成功與鄯善國(guó)簽訂了條約。1．句意：班超此行的目的是與此國(guó)家建立良好關(guān)系。experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；purpose目的；trouble麻煩；method方法。根據(jù)“toestablish(建立)goodrelationswiththestate.”可知，目的是建立良好關(guān)系。故選B。2．句意：它經(jīng)常與漢的軍隊(duì)作戰(zhàn)。for為了；with和；behind在……后面；against與……作對(duì)。fightagainst“作戰(zhàn)”，固定搭配。故選D。3．句意：他們對(duì)鄯善國(guó)國(guó)王說(shuō)班的壞話。highly贊賞地；warmly熱情地；badly糟糕地；coldly冷漠地。根據(jù)“Thekingbegantoshowacoldattitude(態(tài)度)towardsBan’sgroup.”可知，他們對(duì)鄯善國(guó)國(guó)王說(shuō)班的壞話。故選C。4．句意：當(dāng)班看到這一幕時(shí)，他對(duì)士兵們說(shuō)：“鄯善國(guó)王再也不友好地對(duì)待我們了?！眔ften經(jīng)常；always總是；never從不；hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)“Thekingbegantoshowacoldattitude(態(tài)度)towardsBan’sgroup.”可知，應(yīng)表達(dá)鄯善國(guó)國(guó)王再也不友好地對(duì)待我們了。故選C。5．句意：如果我們什么都不做，他可能會(huì)把我們交給匈奴。hand交；take拿走；get得到；pass通過(guò)。hand...over...“把……交給……”，固定搭配。故選A。6．句意：如果這樣，我們既不能完成任務(wù)也不能活著回來(lái)。nor也不；or或者；but但是；and和。neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，固定搭配。故選A。7．句意：將軍說(shuō)：“匈奴人的兵力比我們多鄯善王一定會(huì)支持他們?！眑ess更少的；more更多的；fewer更少的；weaker更弱的。根據(jù)“Hebroughtonlyabout30soldierswithhim.”及“Xiongnualsosentmessengers(使者)withlotsofsoldierstothestate.”可知，匈奴的士兵比我們多。故選B。8．句意：所以我們別無(wú)選擇只能在匈奴軍營(yíng)的所有士兵睡覺(jué)時(shí)殺死他們。kill殺；save救；tosave救，不定式；tokill殺，不定式。根據(jù)“theShanshankingmustsupportthem”可知，是必須要?dú)⑺佬倥?，havenochoicebuttodosth“別無(wú)選擇只能做某事”，用不定式形式。故選D。9．句意：晚上，班帶領(lǐng)他的士兵秘密前往匈奴的營(yíng)地。quickly快速地；secretly秘密地；slowly緩慢地；happily幸福地。根據(jù)“SowehavenochoicebuttokillallofthesoldiersattheHunsarmycampwhentheyslept.”可知，是秘密地前往匈奴的營(yíng)地。故選B。10．句意：匈奴士兵非常害怕。relaxed放松的；excited興奮的；frightened害怕的；interested感興趣的。根據(jù)“hesetfireandbeatthewardrumsloudly.”可知，匈奴士兵非常害怕。故選C。06（2024·浙江溫州·三模）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式。Narrowlanesabouttwometreswide,orsixchiintraditionalChineseunits,areverycommoninChina.However,AnhuiProvince,isperhaps1(famous)oneofall.Thestoryaboutithappenedbetweentwolocal2(family)intheQingDynasty.TheZhangsandtheWus,oncearguedhowthey3(divide)thelinebetweentheirhomes.Theycouldn’treachanagreement.TheZhangfamilywasangry.TheirrelativeZhangYinghadahighgovernmentpositioninthecapital,4theywrotehimalettertoaskforhisadvice.Whenthereplycame,theyopeneditonlytofind5poem.AletterfromfarawayjustforawallIsnotrightorgoodatall.Threechitoyourneighbour6agift.Isnothingastimecontinuestodrift.7wiseZhangYingwas!After8(read)it,theZhangfamilyfeltashamed(羞愧)and9(move)bythisactdeeply.Inreturn,theydecidedtodothesamething.Theygaveupanotherthreechi.Socamethesix-chi-widelanebetweenthetwohouses.Hundredsofyears10(pass)sincethenandthelaneisstillthere.PeopleofTongchengstillkeepthepoeminmind.Whenevertheywalkdownthelane,theyalwaysrememberhowone’skindnessencouragesthekindnessofanother.【答案】1．themostfamous2．families3．woulddivide4．so5．a(chǎn)6．a(chǎn)s7．How8．reading9．wasmoved10．havepassed【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述了“三尺巷”的典故。1．句意：然而，然而，安徽省可能是其中最著名的一個(gè)。根據(jù)“oneofall”可知此處需用最高級(jí)。the+形容詞最高級(jí)，故填themostfamous。2．句意：這個(gè)故事發(fā)生在清朝的兩個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)丶彝ブg。two修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填families。3．句意：張家和吳家曾經(jīng)爭(zhēng)論過(guò)將如何劃分他們家之間的界線。根據(jù)“oncearguedhowthey…theline”可知是指爭(zhēng)論過(guò)將如何劃分他們家之間的界線，需用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)would+動(dòng)詞原形，故填woulddivide。4．句意：他們的親戚張英在京城有一個(gè)高官職位，所以他們寫(xiě)信給他尋求建議。空格前后表示因果關(guān)系，屬于前因后果，用so“因此”連接，故填so。5．句意：當(dāng)回信到來(lái)時(shí)，他們打開(kāi)信只發(fā)現(xiàn)了一首詩(shī)。此處表示泛指，poem是以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞，應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故填a。6．句意：給鄰居三尺作為禮物。根據(jù)“Threechitoyourneighbour....agift”可知，此處表示作為禮物，應(yīng)用介詞as表示“作為”。故填as。7．句意：張英多么聰明啊！本句是感嘆句，句中的中心詞是形容詞wise，用how修飾，句首單詞首字母大寫(xiě)。故填How。8．句意：讀完信后，張家感到羞愧并被這個(gè)行為深深地感動(dòng)了。after后接動(dòng)名詞reading作賓語(yǔ)。故填reading。9．句意：讀完信后，張家感到羞愧并被這個(gè)行為深深地感動(dòng)了。結(jié)合“by”可知此處需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是“theZhangfamily”看作整體，結(jié)構(gòu)為was+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞形式。故填wasmoved。10．句意：從那以后幾百年過(guò)去了，小巷仍然在那里。結(jié)合“sincethen”可知時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是Hundredsofyears，結(jié)構(gòu)需用have+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞形式。故填havepassed。07（23-24九年級(jí)上·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·期中）Howlongorfarissansheintheidiom“tuibisanshe(退避三舍)”?Inancienttimes,shewasaunitofdistance.Onesheisasfaras30li.Oneliis500metersand30liis15,000meters.Sosansheis45k1.Thereisastorybehindthisidiom.DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770-476BC),PrinceChong’eroftheJinstateranawayf2hishomestate.Hewantedtotraveltootherstates.Once,hewenttothestateofChu.KingChengwangofChusawhima3animportantguestandservedhimafeast(盛宴).HeaskedChong’er,“IfyourulethestateofJinoneday,howwouldyouthankme?”“Itseemsyourstatehase4youwant.Ihavenothingthatyoulike,”Chong’ersaid.However,thekingstillaskedforsomething.Finally,Chong’ersaid,“Iwouldaskmyarmytoretreat(撤退)sansheifweeverfight.”Later,Chong’erreturnedtohishomestateofJinandbecamei5rulercalledWengong.Bothofthetwostateswantedtobecomestrongerandgetm6land.Theywenttowarwitheachother.JinWengongdidn’tbreakh7promise.HeaskedhisarmytoretreatsansheandstayinChengpu.TheChuarmyt8thattheJinsoldierswereafraidtofight,sotheyfollowedthem.T9theirsurprise,theJinarmysurrounded(包圍)them.Intheend,Jinw10thewar.ThiswasthefamousBattleofChengpu.Afterthiswar,peopleused“tuibisanshe”tomeanretreatingtoavoidaconflict(沖突).【答案】1．(k)ilometers2．(f)rom3．(a)s4．(e)verything5．(i)ts6．(m)ore7．(h)is8．(t)hought9．(T)o10．(w)on【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文詳細(xì)描述了成語(yǔ)“退避三舍”的來(lái)歷和含義。1．句意：因此三舍是45千米。根據(jù)“Sosansheis45”可知是指45千米。kilometers“千米”，用復(fù)數(shù)。故填(k)ilometers。2．句意：在春秋時(shí)期（公元前770年—公元前476年），晉國(guó)的公子重耳逃離了他的故國(guó)。ranawayfrom“逃離”，故填(f)rom。3．句意：楚成王視他為重要賓客，并設(shè)宴款待他。根據(jù)“animportantguest”可知是指視他為重要賓客，as“作為”，故填(a)s。4．句意：看來(lái)你的國(guó)家擁有你想要的一切。根據(jù)“Itseemsyourstatehas…youwant.”可知是指擁有你想要的一切。everything“一切”，故填(e)verything。5．句意：后來(lái)，重耳回到他的故國(guó)晉國(guó)，并成為了晉國(guó)的國(guó)君，史稱(chēng)晉文公。根據(jù)“became…rulercalledWengong”可知是指成為了它的國(guó)君，its“它的”，故填(i)ts。6．句意：這兩個(gè)國(guó)家都想要變得更強(qiáng)大，獲取更多的土地。根據(jù)“wantedtobecomestrongerandget…land.”可知是指獲取更多的土地。more“更多”，故填(m)ore。7．句意：晉文公沒(méi)有食言。根據(jù)“JinWengongdidn’tbreak…promise.”可知是指沒(méi)有打破他的承諾，his“他的”，故填(h)is。8．句意：楚軍認(rèn)為晉兵不敢戰(zhàn)，于是跟隨他們。根據(jù)“TheChuarmy…thattheJinsoldierswereafraidtofight”可知是指認(rèn)為晉兵不敢戰(zhàn)，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式thought“認(rèn)為”，故填(t)hought。9．句意：令他們驚訝的是，晉軍將他們包圍了。toone’ssurprise“令某人吃驚的是”，故填(T)o。10．句意：最后，晉贏了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)“theJinarmysurrounded(包圍)them”可知是指晉贏了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式won“贏”，故填(w)on。08（23-24九年級(jí)上·江蘇泰州·期中）綜合填空根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在橫線上填上適當(dāng)單詞，使短文完整、通順。Manyyearsago,thereweremanystatesinChina.TheStateofQiusedtobeverystrong,butitbecamelesspowerful.SothekingofQisentYanZi,1manwithbigwisdom,toaskChutosupporteachother.ThekingofChuknewYanZiwasveryshort.HetriedtomakeYanZifeelshyabouthis2(high).WhenYanZiarrived,theguardtoldhimtoenter3thesmallgate.YanZididn’tgetangry.“Onlyastateofdogswillgreet4(visit)withagatefordogs.I’mvisitingtheStateofChu.Thisgateisn’tforme.”YanZisaid.Sotheguardhadtotakehimthroughthemaingate.YanZi’saction5(consider)tobeagainstthekingofChu.Sothekingtriedanotherway.“WhydidQisendYOU?Don’ttheyhaveanyone6(good)?”“IfQimeetsagreatking,it’llsendthebestambassador(使臣).I’mtheworst.That’swhyI’mhere.”YanZi7(reply)calmly.Atthistime,theguardsbroughtathief(小偷)totheking.ThethiefisfromQi,“Ha!YanZi,isQiastateofthieves?”askedtheking8(rude).YanZianswered,“TheorangetreessouthofHuaiRiverproducebiganddeliciousfruit,9theorangetreesnorthofHuaiRiverproducesmallandsourfruit.Theenvironmentmakesthefruitgrowdifferently.InQi,peoplearegoodandhonest,buthere,theysteal.Whatmadethatperson10(be)athiefhere?”Finally,thekinglookedatYanZiandlaughed.“Iwaswrongaboutyouandyourstate!”【答案】1．a(chǎn)2．height3．through4．visitors5．wasconsidered6．better7．replied8．rudely9．while10．be【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要寫(xiě)了齊國(guó)派遣晏子去楚國(guó)求援的故事。1．句意：于是齊王派了一個(gè)有大智慧的人晏子去請(qǐng)楚國(guó)互相支持。此處泛指“一個(gè)人”，man以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，用不定冠詞a。故填a。2．句意：他試圖讓晏子對(duì)自己的身高感到羞愧。形容詞性物主代詞后加名詞height“身高”。故填height。3．句意：晏子到了，衛(wèi)兵叫他從小門(mén)進(jìn)去。根據(jù)“enter...thesmallgate”可知是從小門(mén)進(jìn)去，表示從內(nèi)部穿過(guò)用介詞through“穿過(guò)”。故填through。4．句意：只有狗的國(guó)家才會(huì)用狗的門(mén)迎接來(lái)訪者。根據(jù)“greet...”可知是迎接來(lái)訪者，此處表示泛指用名詞復(fù)數(shù)visitors“來(lái)訪者”。故填visitors。5．句意：晏子的行動(dòng)被認(rèn)為是對(duì)抗楚王的。becondideredto“被認(rèn)為”，句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是YanZi’saction，be動(dòng)詞用was。故填wasconsidered。6．句意：難道他們沒(méi)有更好的人嗎？根據(jù)“Don’ttheyhaveanyone”可知是反問(wèn)齊國(guó)沒(méi)有比晏子更好的人嗎，用比較級(jí)better。故填better。7．句意：晏子平靜地回答。本文時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式replied“回答”。故填replied。8．句意：國(guó)王粗魯?shù)貑?wèn)。修飾動(dòng)詞asked用副詞rudely“粗魯?shù)亍?。故填rudely。9．句意：橘生淮南則為橘，橘生淮北則為枳。根據(jù)“TheorangetreessouthofHuaiRiverproducebiganddeliciousfruit...theorangetreesnorthofHuaiRiverproducesmallandsourfruit”可知前后兩句是對(duì)比關(guān)系，用while“然而”連接。故填while。10．句意：是什么讓那個(gè)人成為小偷？makesb.dosth.“讓某人做某事”。故填be。09（23-24九年級(jí)上·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·期中）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及所給首字母提示寫(xiě)出所缺單詞，使短文意思完整，每空一詞。ZuChongzhiwasoneofthegreatestmathematicians(數(shù)學(xué)家)inancientChina.Hewasb1duringtheNorthernandSoutherndynasties.Fromayoungage,hewastaughtnaturalscience,astronomy,mathandsoon.Thelittleboyshowedani2inallofthesesubjects,especiallyinmath.Hewasbestknownforhiscalculation(計(jì)算)ofpi(π).A3totherecord,hedidalltheworkusingnothingbutwoodensticks.Ittookhimlotsoftimetoworkoutthevalue—b43.1415926and3.1415927.Atthattimenoonewasabletodobetterthanhim.Andnowtheachievementiss5praisedbypeoplearoundtheworld.Somemathematicianss6callingpi“ZuLv”inordertorememberhim.Hisa7wentbeyond(超越)math.Heworkedoutthatayearshouldbe365.24281481dayslongandcreatedtheDamingCalendar.However,governmentofficialsatthattimedidnotagreewithhim.Heneversawhisc8putintouse.Almosttenyearsafterhisdeath,thenewcalendarwasfinallya9.Hewasaninventortoo.Heoncemadeavehicle(車(chē)輛)thatcarriedapointer(指針).Nomatterhowthevehicleturned,thepointeralwayspointedtothes10.Howamazing!【答案】1．(b)orn2．(i)nterest3．(A)ccording4．(b)etween5．(s)till6．(s)uggest7．(a)chievements8．(c)alendar9．(a)ccepted10．(s)outh【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹古代中國(guó)的數(shù)學(xué)家祖沖之。1．句意：他出生在南北朝時(shí)期。橫線后是時(shí)代，所以應(yīng)是介紹出生的時(shí)代，考查短語(yǔ)“beborn”出生。故填(b)orn。2．句意：小男孩在所有科目上都展示興趣，尤其是數(shù)學(xué)上?？疾槎陶Z(yǔ)showaninterestin“在……上展示興趣”。故填(i)terest。3．句意：根據(jù)記載，他除了用木棍什么都沒(méi)用做了所有的工作。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，應(yīng)是根據(jù)記載，所以是短語(yǔ)“accordingtotherecord”。故填(A)ccording。4．句意：他花費(fèi)很多時(shí)間解答出3.1415926和3.1415927間的價(jià)值。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，應(yīng)是短語(yǔ)between...and“在……之間”。故填(b)etween。5．句意：現(xiàn)在這個(gè)成就仍然被全世界人贊揚(yáng)。根據(jù)“praisedbypeoplearoundtheworld”及首字母可知，仍然被全世界人贊揚(yáng)，still“仍然”。故填(s)till。6．句意：為了記住祖沖之，一些數(shù)學(xué)家建議稱(chēng)π為“祖率”。根據(jù)“Somemathematicians…callingpi‘ZuLv’inordertorememberhim.”及首字母可知，建議稱(chēng)π為“祖率”，建議做某事“suggestdoing”，由于是描述事實(shí)，所以是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，由于主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，所以是動(dòng)詞原形suggest。故填(s)uggest。7．句意：他的成就超越了數(shù)學(xué)。根據(jù)“His…wentbeyond(超越)math”及首字母可知，成就超越了數(shù)學(xué)，achievement“成就”，取得的成就不止一個(gè)，所以此空應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填(a)chievements。8．句意：他未曾見(jiàn)到他的日歷投入使用。根據(jù)后文“thenewcalendarwasfinally”可知，是他的日歷。故填(c)alendar。9．句意：在他死后將近十年，新歷法終于被接受了。根據(jù)“However,governmentofficialsatthattimedidnotagreewithhim.Heneversawhis…putintouse”可知，在那個(gè)時(shí)候，政府官員不同意他的看法，他的新歷法并沒(méi)有被推行，在他死后才被接受，accept“接受”，was與過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填(a)ccepted。10．句意：不管車(chē)子怎么轉(zhuǎn)彎，指針總是指向南方。根據(jù)“Nomatterhowthevehicleturned,thepointeralwayspointedtothe”及首字母可知，不管車(chē)子怎么轉(zhuǎn)，指針總是朝南，south“南”，故填(s)outh。10（23-24九年級(jí)上·山東德州·期中）閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下面所給11個(gè)詞中選擇10個(gè)意義相符的詞，必要時(shí)進(jìn)行詞形變化，填入空白處，每空一詞。real,

many,

great,

that,

he,

thousand,

water,

around,

when,

wonder,

friendshipBornin701,LiBaiwasoneofthe1po