牛津高中英語模塊四語言點.doc

牛津高中英語模塊四語言點 Unit 1 Advertising一、Reading說服某人（不）做1. persuade sb (not) to do sth: persuade sb into(out of) doing sth:persuade sb that / of sth: 使某人相信 persuasion: pswein n. (1) 說服U (2) 信仰，信念singpersuasive: psweisiv adj. 有說服力的 How can we persuade her to come out with us? We persuaded him out of buying unnecessary things. We are persuaded of the justice of her case. 我們相信對她案件的審理是公正的。2. be meant to do sth: 旨在做；應(yīng)該做 The program is meant to show the different stages of the progress. I think the police are meant to protect people.3. altogether: adv. (1) 完全地；(2) 總之；(3) 總計 I dont altogether agree with you. The weather was bad and the food was dreadful. Altogether the holiday was very disappointing. 天氣又壞，吃的又糟?？傊@次假日很掃興。 You owe me 68.03 dollars altogether.4. innocent: adj. (1) 無罪的，清白的 (2) 天真的，純真的 innocence: n. 無罪，清白；純真 be innocent of sth: 沒犯罪He was innocent of murder. 他沒犯謀殺罪。an innocent girl: 一個純真的女孩 5. make a fool of sb: 愚弄fool sb into doing sth: 欺騙某人做 be no fool: 為人精明 You should not make a fool of yourself with this joke. Dont be fooled into believing into their promises. She is no fool in this case. She has earned much with great efforts.6. cure: vt. 治愈；解決 n. 藥物，療法；對策 (for) cure sb of sth: 治愈解決 The doctor cured her of cancer. The nasty shock cured him of his inquisitiveness forever. 那沉重的教訓(xùn)根除了他凡事愛打聽的毛病。 What is the cure for the difficulty of the homeless?7. be pleased with sth: 對滿意 be pleased at sth: 因為而高興 be pleased to do sth: 樂意做；因為做而高興 Are you pleased with you new flat? All the teachers are pleased at the exam result. The Governor is pleased to accept the invitation. 總督欣然接受了邀請。8. comment on make a comment on sth: 評論 comment that: no comment: 無可奉告 Have you any comment(s) to make on the recent development? 你對最近的時態(tài)發(fā)展有什么評論嗎? Asked about the date of the election, the Prime Minister commented that no decision had been made yet. 首相對詢問選舉日期一事稱尚未作出決定。 -Will you resign?-No comment.9. fall for sth: 上的當(dāng)；愛上 They met, fell for each other, and got married six weeks later. The salesman said the car was in good condition, and I was foolish enough to fall for it.10. play a trick on sb: 欺騙捉弄 trick sb into doing sth: 欺騙某人做 trick / cheat sb out of sth: 騙取某人 Clients were tricked into doing the business. Her partner tried to trick her out of her share. 她的合伙人企圖騙走她的股份。11. aim: n. 目標(biāo)，目的； 瞄準(zhǔn) take aim at sth: 瞄準(zhǔn) He has only one aim in lifeto become rich. Take careful aim at the target before firing. vt. 瞄準(zhǔn)，針對 aim sth at sb: 把瞄準(zhǔn)；將針對 be aimed at sth: 瞄準(zhǔn)針對；旨在 He aimed the gun at the door. This anti-smoking campaign is mainly aimed at young teenagers. The measures are aimed at gaining complete control over the government. vi. 瞄準(zhǔn)，對準(zhǔn)(at) 致力于，旨在 aim at sth: 瞄準(zhǔn) aim at / for sth: 力爭 aim at doing sth: 致力于旨在做 The hunter aimed at the lion and fired. She is aiming at / for the scholarship. We aimed at doubling our production. 【例題】1. The farmers built long fences, _ keeping the wild dogs out of them. A. aim at B. aim for C. aiming at D. aiming for 答案為C。 2. The education program_ combining brain work with manual labor is being widely spread through the country. A. to aim at B. aim at C. having aim at D. aimed at 答案為D。12. benefit: (1) vt. & vi. 有益；受益 benefit sb: 有益于 benefit from sth: 受益于 These facilities have benefited the whole town. Who can benefit most from the new tax law? (2) n. 益處U；救濟(jì)金，保險金U，C be of benefit to sb / be beneficial to sb: 對有益 The credit cards will be of great benefit to our customers. Many laid-off workers in the city live on unemployment benefits.13. When it comes to sth / speaking of sth: 當(dāng)談到時 When it comes to classical music, we often think of Beethoven.14. promote: vt. (1)促進(jìn)，增進(jìn) The organization works to promote friendship between nations. (2) 提升，晉升 promote sb to sth: He was promoted to sergeant(中士). (3) 宣傳，推銷 Your job is to promote the new book. promotion: prmun n. 提升，晉升；促進(jìn)，推銷15. consult: v. 咨詢，請教；商量；查閱 consult sb about sth: 就咨詢某人 consult with sb about sth: 與某人商量 More people are consulting him about social security(社會保障). He went to town consulting his doctor. consult a dictionary. The president consulted with European leaders about refugee issues before taking action.二、Grammar1. recommend: vt. 推薦，建議，勸告，介紹recommend that / doing sth: 建議.recommend sb to sth: 建議某人做向某人推薦.recommend sth to sb:recommend sb sth:recommend sb for sth / as sth: 推薦某人做為 He recommended that we (should) read the novel. I recommend buying the dictionary. The government always recommends people to live on their own. I will recommend him as the general manager.2. purchase: vt. 購買，采購n. 采購；購買的東西 purchaser: n. 購買人 purchasing power: 購買力 The purchase price figures out at about two million dollars. 交易的價格計算在200萬美元左右。 China has sent two large purchasing groups to the U.S. since last year. 去年以來,中國向美國派去兩個龐大的采購團(tuán). Inflation reduces the purchasing power of people living on fixed incomes. 靠固定收入生活的人其購買力因通貨膨脹而下降. 三、Task1. multiply: (1) vt. 乘，使乘以 Four multiplied by five is twenty. 使成倍增加 Such examples could be multiplied indefinitely.這樣的例子不勝枚舉。 使繁殖 Hot weather multiplied the bacteria in the food rapidly. (2) vi. 迅速增加；繁殖 As we climbed up the mountain, the dangers and difficulties multiplied. Rabbits multiply quickly.2. be optimistic about sth: 對樂觀 She is not optimistic about the outcome.3. think twice about doing sth: 慎重考慮 You should think twice about employing someone youve never met.4. bargain: n. 便宜貨；協(xié)議 vi. 討價還價 make a bargain with sb: 與達(dá)成協(xié)議be a bargain: 真便宜 Thats / Its a bargain. 一言為定at a bargain: 以低價bargain with sb about / over sth: 就與某人討價還價 John made a satisfactory bargain with him. It is a real bargain. 真便宜 I bought the painting at a bargain. We bargained with her about the computer.5. get into sth: (1) 穿上 (2) 開始從事 (3) 開始參與 (4) 得到形成 (5) 熟悉 I cant get into these shoes; they are too small. 這雙鞋太小了，我穿不進(jìn)去。 He got into publishing in 1978. 他1978年開始從事出版業(yè)。 get into an argument: 開始爭論。 get into bad habits: 染上惡習(xí)。 I havent got into my new job yet. 我還未熟悉新工作。四、Project1. reach: vt. 與取得聯(lián)系；影響 Reach her at home on 0355-694162. 撥打0355-694162到她家聯(lián)系她。2. have sth in mind: 記得，想到 have sth on ones mind: 擔(dān)心 What do you have in mind when seeing the scene? My daughter has been on my mind so much lately because I still havent got any letters from her. 我最近很擔(dān)心我女兒，因為我仍然沒有收到她的任何來信。3. figure out sth: 想出，理解，計算出 Can you figure out what to do?4. determine: vt. 確定，查明；決定 determine sth: 確定，查明；決定 determine to do sth: 決定做 determine what happened exactly. He determined to learn Greek.5. determined: adj. 有決心的；堅定的；堅決的 determination: ditminein n. 決心，毅力，決定 be determined to do sth: 決心做 a determined attitude. I am determined to find out who is responsible for this. Obama has many measures since he took office, _ to strengthen the American economy.A. determined B. determine C. being determined D. to be determined答案為A。6. appeal: (1) vi. 懇求，呼吁；吸引；上訴appeal to sb for sth: 向某人懇求呼吁appeal to sb to do sth: 懇求呼吁某人做appeal to sb against sth: 就向上訴appeal to sb: 吸引 The police are appealing to the public for information about the crime. She appealed to the kidnappers to release her son. The book doesnt appeal to me. She appealed to the high court against her sentence(判決). (2) n. 懇求，呼吁；吸引力；上訴 an appeal for help: 懇求幫助 The new fashion soon lost its appeal.7. get sb to do sth: 讓某人做 get sth done: 讓被做 I dont know how to get other students to talk with me. The mother get her baby hanged on her back. 這個母親把她的小孩背在背上。8. be concerned with sth: 涉及；關(guān)心 be concerned about sth: 關(guān)心，擔(dān)心（=be concerned with） We will not be concerned with the development of the subject in this area. The program of this morning is concerned with earthquake prediction.9. get sth across (to sb): 把傳達(dá)給；使某人理解 He is good at getting his ideas across.10. put sth together: 整理出；拼湊；組裝 Put a machine together.11. educate sb on / about sth: 在方面教育 We must educate people on the importance of protecting the environment.12. convince sb to do sth: 說服某人做 What convinced you to vote for them?13. urge: vt. (1) 敦促，力勸 (2) 極力主張，強(qiáng)調(diào) n. 強(qiáng)烈的欲望，沖動 urge sb to do sth: 敦促力勸某人做 urge that: 極力主張，強(qiáng)調(diào)(從句用should do，should 可以省略) The headmaster urged us to hand in our homework. My friends urged that we should apply for the position.14. shock sb into doing sth: 提醒某人做 We must shock people into noting the harm caused by the typhoon.15. die of sth: 死于(內(nèi)因) die from sth: 死于(外因) The patient died of heart attack. Many drivers die from the accident caused by drunken driving.Unit 2 Sports events一、Reading1. be delighted to do sth: 樂意做be delighted that: 很高興be delighted at sth: 因為而高興 We are delighted that you have come here. I was delighted at the news that he had passed the exam.2. significance: n. 重要性，意義 be of significance: 重要，有意義 So far, research hasnt produced anything of great significance. What is the significance of the contract?3. every: 每隔every + 基數(shù)詞 + n(復(fù)數(shù)): 每.every + 序數(shù)詞 + n(單數(shù)): 每到第.every other + n(單數(shù)): 每隔一every few + n(復(fù)數(shù)): 每隔幾 every 3 weeks: 每三周（每隔兩周） every third week: 每到第三周（每隔兩周） every other line: 每隔一行 every few days: 每隔幾天4. compete: vi. 比賽，競爭 compete with / against sb for sth: 與某人就比賽競爭competition: kmpitin n. 比賽，競爭competitive: kmpetitiv adj. 比賽的，競爭的competitor: kmpetit n. 比賽者，競爭者 She is competing with her sister for attention(爭寵). boxing / chess / beauty competition competitive sports: 競爭性體育運動5. bring sth to life: 賦予以生命；使生動 bring sth back to life: 使重生In the story the artists brought the statue to life.6. under the name of sth: 以為別名筆名 He wrote his novels under the name of John.7. absence: n. 不在，缺席，缺乏 in / during ones absence: 在不在時in the absence of sth: 由于缺乏 The accident happened in / during your absence. Police had to release the boy in the absence of hard evidence. Absence makes the heart grow fonder. 人不見，心更念；久別情更深。8. gold medal: 金牌 silver medal: 銀牌 bronze medal: 銅牌9. hang on: vi. (1) 緊緊抓住 (2) 稍等 (3) 堅持不懈 hang on to sth: (1) 保留，保存 (2) 抓緊 We all hung on as the bus swung around a sharp bend(急轉(zhuǎn)彎). Hang on! I will be back in a minute. I know you are tired, but try to hang on a bit longer. I should hang on to those old photosthey may be valuable. Hang on to that rope, and dont let go. 抓緊那根繩子，不要松手。10. attempt: n. & vi. 嘗試，努力；試圖，企圖嘗試試圖努力做 attempt to do sth: make an attempt to do sth: in an attempt to do sth: 為了. Every time I attempt to convince her, she will shout at me. In an attempt to control the inflation, the government took many measures.11. push the boundary of sth: 挑戰(zhàn)的極限這個短語還有如下出現(xiàn)形式：push boundaries；push boundaries of sth；push the boundaries of sth。其含義是： 1. extend something beyond limits 將某事物延伸超出界限；2.go beyond the usual limits 突破通常限制或約束；開拓，開辟；拓展 Nowadays some people are wearing a good-looking USB drive around the neckas a necklace whichpushes boundaries of taste. 現(xiàn)在有些人在脖子上帶個漂亮的U盤當(dāng)做項鏈，U盤項鏈拓展了品味的概念界限。 Wen Jiaobao is trying to push Chinas political boundaries.溫家寶正努力突破中國的政治常規(guī)。 M.I.A. said she makes music to push the boundaries of her own creativity, rather than please anyone else.M.I.A.說她制作音樂目的在于開拓她自己的創(chuàng)造力，而不是取悅于什么人。12. join sb in doing sth: 和一起做 Mother joins me in sending you our best wishes.二、project1. enter sth into sth: 把輸入加入到中 He showed me how to enter data into the computer.2. meet the requirement: 滿足要求3. in order fro sb to do sth: 為了使某人 in order for sth to be done: 為了使某事被 In order for him to write the essay well, she helped him collect more information. in order for the survey to be conducted effectively, we have made full preparations.4. budget: n. 預(yù)算C vt. & vi. 編制預(yù)算；安排 budget sth for sb: 為編制預(yù)算 budget sth: 安排 budget for sth: 為編制預(yù)算 The budgeted one million dollars for a new library. She is extremely busy, so she has to budget her time carefully. The old couple budgeted for the coming year. Its essential to balance ones budget.量入為出是很重要的。 She tried to keep her monthly budget below $ 400.5. make way for sth: 給讓路；讓位于 The people stepped aside to make way for the riders.6. score: v. 得（分），進(jìn)球 n. 分?jǐn)?shù)；進(jìn)球；比分；二十 基數(shù)詞 + score + n: 幾十 scores of sth: 許多的，大量的 He scored in the final minute of the game. score a goal: 進(jìn)一個球。 Two score books are donated to the students. Chinese badminton team defeated the Japanese team by a score of 5 to 1.7. be out of the tournament: 比賽出局。8. keep a close watch on sth: 密切注視keep a close watch on the enemys movements. 密切注視敵人動向。9. tie: (1) vt. 打成平局；系，綁，捆 tie sth up: 系?。煌２?；捆綁 be tied with sb: 與打成平局 We tied our boat up along the port. tie his feet up. At the end of the season, we are tied with the Japanese team. (2) n. 領(lǐng)帶；關(guān)系；繩子，帶子；平局 The ties of our friendship will last forever. Each team scored twice and the game ended in a tie. 每個隊都有兩次得分，打成平局。10. The eagles went home angry and bitter. (Page 39, Line 14)劃線部分為形容詞作狀語，表示伴隨狀態(tài)。 _ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. Surprisedly 答案為B。11. drop: vt. 停止；淘汰；放棄 I am going to drop badminton and play soccer instead.Unit 3 Tomorrows world一、Reading1. connect: vt. (1)連接，連結(jié) connect sth to / with sth: This railway connects London with Edinburgh. We can connect the machine to the your hi-fi device. These appliances should not be connected to the power supplies. (2) 聯(lián)系 connect sth with sth: 把與聯(lián)系起來 be connect with sth: 與有關(guān) He was connected with that crime. vi. 連接，連結(jié) sth connect to / with sth: The wire connects with that one.2. add to sth: 增加The bad weather added to our difficulties.3. give out: vt. (1)分發(fā)，發(fā)布； (2) 發(fā)出； (3)發(fā)表 give out leaflets: 分發(fā)傳單 The sun gives out heat. The news was given out on the radio. vi. 耗盡，用光 My money began to give out.4. be disappointed with sb / sth: 對失望 de disappointed at sth: 因為而失望 be disappointed to do sth: 對做感到失望 I was disappointed with his performance. She was disappointed at losing the game. He was disappointed to hear that they were not coming.5. convenience: n. 方便，便利，便利設(shè)施for convenience: 為了方便起見 at ones convenience: 在方便的時候 convenience food: 方便食品 convenience store: 便利店 We bought the house for convenience, its near the school. We should(會) be grateful if you would reply at your earliest convenience.6. bring sth alive: 使變得有趣 He added to some humor to bring the story alive.7.in reality事實上，實際上in factas a matter of factactually 二、Grammar1. make a profit: 獲利 They made a profit of ten pence on every copy they sell. 他們每售出一本獲利十便士。2. respectively: 分別地，各自地 The salesclerks and the teachers got pay rise of 6% and 9% respectively.3. close (sth) down: vt. & vi. 關(guān)閉；倒閉，停業(yè) close the shop down. Many businesses have closed down because of the recession. 因為經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退許多企業(yè)紛紛倒閉。指控某人4. accuse sb of sth: charge sb with sth:He was accused of theft. / He was charged with theft.5. fade: vt. 使褪色 The strong sunlight has faded the curtains. vi. 褪色，凋落，衰弱 fade away: 逐漸消失，衰弱，變?nèi)?The flowers faded for want of water. The color fades when exposed to light. The sound of the footsteps faded awaty.6. Its about / high time + 從句: 該做了。（從句多用一般現(xiàn)在時） Its about / high time we went to the beach for a rest.7. chief: (1) adj. 主要的，首要的，首席的 -in-chief: 總的；為首的；最高級別的 commander-in-chief: 總司令 editor-in-chief: 總編輯 chef-in-chief: 主廚 Smoking is one of the chief causes of lung cancer. (2) n. 首領(lǐng)，首長；酋長 Police chief: 警察局長三、Project1. on the shore: 在岸上2. blow sth up: (1) 給充氣 (2) 炸毀 (3) 放大（照片） I blew the tyre up last night. The police station was blown up by terrorists. What a lovely photo! Why havent you blown it up?3. in terror: 驚恐地 The citizens fled in terror when the earthquake occurred.4. push sth up: 使增加上漲 A shortage of building land will push property values up. 建筑用地缺乏將造成房地產(chǎn)價格上漲。5. zip: (1) n. 拉鏈 do up your zip: 拉上你的拉鏈 undo your zip: 拉開你的拉鏈 (2) v. (使)快速移動，拉上拉鏈 zip (sth) up: 拉上的拉鏈 zip sth open / shut: 拉開拉上的拉鏈 We zipped through the customs and went aboard the plane. Would you please zip me up? The jacket zips open easily. 這夾克衫的拉鏈很容易拉開。 He zipped the suitcase shut.6. evolve: vt. & vi. (使)逐漸形成 vi. 進(jìn)化 evolution: ,evlun,i:vlu:n n. 進(jìn)化論； 演變，逐步發(fā)展 The American constitution was planned; the British constitution evolved. 美國憲法是精心制定的，英國憲法是約定俗成的。 He has evolved a new theory after many years of research. 經(jīng)過多年的研究，他逐漸形成新的理論。 Many animals evolved from lower forms of life. 許多動物由