2012年高考英語(yǔ)全國(guó)卷2試題及答案

1、2012年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：本試卷分第卷（選擇題）和第卷（非選擇題）兩部分。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。 答第卷時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)，不能答在本試卷上，否則無(wú)效。 答第卷時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第卷第一部分 英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用 (滿分50分)第一節(jié)語(yǔ)音知識(shí) (共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，找出其劃線部分與所給單詞的劃線部分讀音相同的選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例：have

2、Agave Bsave Chat Dmade答案是C。 theater Atreasure Bwheat Cseason Drealize persuade Ausual Binsist Csugar Dtreasure company Aalone Bcarrot Cmoney Dknock opposite Aservice Boutside Cpioneer Dpolice society Aofficial Brecent Cchocolate Ddifficult第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法和詞匯知識(shí) (共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答

3、題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwhenever答案是B。 What shall we do tonight then? _ whatever you want.AHelp yourself BIts a deal CNo problem DIts up to you He missed _ gold in the high jump, but will get _ second chance in the

4、long jump.Athe; the B不填; a Cthe; a Da; 不填 That evening, _ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen Sarah made _ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.Aherself Bthis Cthat Dit Tony lent me the money, _ that Id do as much for him.Aho

5、ping Bto hope Choped Dhaving hoped I had hardly got to the office _ my wife phone me to go back home at once.Awhen Bthan Cuntil Dafter We _ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.Aset about Bset up Cset out Dset down Next to biology, I like physics _ .Abetter Bbest Cthe b

6、etter Dvery well Did you ask Sophia for help? I _ need to I managed perfectly well on my own.Awouldnt Bdont Cdidnt Dwont The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _ anything that happened to be on.Ato watch Bwatching Cwatched Dto have watched 100 is the temperature _ which wate

7、r will boil.Afor Bat Con Dof Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _ find the money.Acan Bmight Cwould Dneed The manager _ the workers how to improve the program since 9 a.m.Ahas told Bis telling Chas been telling Dwill have told The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in

8、 great _ in this city.Aquality Bprogress Cproduction Ddemand Try not to work yourself too hardTake it easy. Thanks_ASo what? BNo way. CWhat for? DYou, too第三節(jié)完形填空 (每小題15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Around twenty years ago I was living in York 21 I had a lot of experie

9、nce and a Masters degree, I could not find 22 work.I was 23 a school bus to make ends meet and 24 with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flatI had 25 five interviews (面試) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not 26 the job“Why has my life become so 27 ?” I thought p

10、ainfully.As I pulled the bus over to 28 a little girl, she handed me an earning 29 I should keep it 30 somebody claimed (認(rèn)領(lǐng)) itThe earring was painted black and said “BE HAPPY”.At first I got angryThen it 31 me I had been giving all of my 32 to what was going wrong with my 33 rather than what was ri

11、ght! I decided then and there to make a 34 of fifty things I was happy withLater, I decided to 35 more things to the listThat night there was a phone call for 36 from a lady who was a director at a larger 37 She asked me if I would 38 a one-day lecture on stress (壓力) management to 200 medical worker

12、sI said yes.My 39 there went very well, and before long I got a well-paid jobTo this day I know that it was because I changed my way of 40 that I completely changed my life.21AAs BThough CIf DWhen22Asuccessful Bextra Csatisfying Dconvenient23Adriving Brepairing Ctaking Ddesigning24Aworking Btravelli

13、ng Cdiscussing Dliving25Aprepared for Battended Casked for Dheld26Alose Blike Cfind Dget27Ahard Bbusy Cserious Dshort28Awave at Bdrop off Ccall on Dlook for29Aordering Bpromising Csaying Dshowing30Ain case Bor else Cas if Dnow that31Ahurt Bhit Ccaught Dmoved32Afeelings Battention Cstrength Dinterest

14、s33Aopinions Beducation Cexperiences Dlife34Alist Bbook Ccheck Dcopy35Aconnect Bturn Ckeep Dadd36Aher Ba passenger Cme Dmy friend37Ahospital Bfactory Crestaurant Dhotel38Alisten to Breview Cgive Dtalk about39Aplan Bchoice Cday Dtour40Aoperation Bspeaking Cemployment Dthinking第二部分 閱讀理解 (滿分45分)第一節(jié)語(yǔ)篇閱讀

15、 (每小題2分)第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。(每小題2分)(A)Cold weather can hard on pets, just like it can be hard on peopleSometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they areSome owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, th

16、inking that all animals are used to living outdoorsThis can put their pets in danger of serious illnessThere are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is badIf you have to take them out, stay outside with themWhen youre cold eno

17、ugh to go inside, they probably are tooI you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water.If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelterThey can dig into sno

18、w banks or hide somewhereWatch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good qualityKeep an eye on your pets waterSometimes owners dont realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet cant get anything to drinkAnimals that dont have clean and unfrozen water may d

19、rink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.41What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1?AThey are often forgotten by their owners.BThey are used to living outdoors.CThey build their won shelter.DThey like to stay in warm places.42Why are pet owners asked to stay with

20、their pets when they are out in cold weather?ATo know when to bring them inside.BTo keep them from eating bad food.CTo help them find shelters.DTo keep them company.43If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may _.Arun short of clean water Bdig deep holes for funCdirty the snow n

21、earby Dget lost in the wild44What is the purpose of this text?ATo solve a problem. BTo give practical advice.CTo tell an interesting story. DTo present a research result.(B)You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn itYou do not need to be strongBut you need

22、to be quickAnd you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boatThe wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.Lets start

23、 with the wind blowing from the behindThis means the wind and the boat are going in the same directionThen you must always keep the sail outside the boatIt should be at a 90 angle (角度) to the boatThen it will catch the wind best.If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boatIn t

24、his case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boatIt should be at a 45 angle to the boatIt needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldnt flap (擺動(dòng))It shouldnt look like on a flagpoleIf it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.Sailing into the win

25、d is not possibleIf you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stopYou may want to go in that directionIt is possible, but you cant go in a straight lineYou must go first in one direction and then in anotherThis is called tackingWhen you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.

26、45What should you consider first while sailing?ASailors strength. BWave levels.CWind directions. DSize of sails.46What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?AThe boat. BThe wind. CThe sail. DThe angle.47What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?AMove in a straight line. BA

27、llow the sail to flap.CLower the sail. DTack the boat.48Where can you probably find the text?AIn a popular magazine. BIn a tourist guidebook.CIn a physics textbook. DIn an official report.(C)Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationshipsFor example, in American c

28、ulture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasureYet it also has other usesA womans smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young childA smile may show love or politenessIt can also hide true feelingsIt often causes confusion (困惑) across cult

29、uresFor example, many people in Russia smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improperYet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities)Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that R

30、ussians dont smile enoughIn Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelingsVietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from

31、 our own cultureThe fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotionsRather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permittedFor example, in public and in formal situations

32、many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans doWhen with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United StatesPeople from certa

33、in cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than othersThe key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are differentIf we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.49What does

34、 the smile usually mean in the U.S.?ALove. BPoliteness. CJoy. DThankfulness.50The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can _ .Ashow friendliness to strangers Bbe used to hide true feelingsCbe used in the wrong places Dshow personal habits51What should we do before attempti

35、ng to “read” people?ALearn about their relations with others.BUnderstand their cultural backgrounds.CFind out about their past experience.DFigure out what they will do next.52What would be the best title for the test?ACultural Differences BSmiles and RelationshipCFacial Expressiveness DHabits and Em

36、otions(D)ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia One of the worlds most famous fossils (化石) the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton (骨骼) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974 will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday.Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twiceT

37、he Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroomA team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Texas, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.Stour, which will st

38、art in Houston next September.“Ethiopias rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the world,” said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum.The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and ChicagoOfficials said six other U.Scities may be on th

39、e tourBut they said plans had not been worked out.Travelling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils.Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part of the skeleton of what was once a 312 -foot-tall ape-man (猿人).53The author writes this text mainly to _

40、 .Aintroduce a few U.SmuseumsBdescribe some research workCdiscuss the value of an ape-manDreport a coming event54What does the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AA painting of the skeleton. BA photograph of LucyCA copy of the skeleton. DA written record of Lucy.55How many cities has Lucys U.

41、Stour plan already included?AFour. BFive. CSix. DEleven.56What was the skeleton named after?AAn ape-man. BA song. CA singer. DA camp.(E)Make Up Your Mind to SucceedKind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failureThe generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up p

42、laying sports where scores and performance were played down because “everyones winter.” And their report cards sounded more positive (正面的) than ever beforeAs a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them “the overpraised generation.”Dweck has been studying how people deal with

43、 failure for 40 yearsHer research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to itHeres how they work:A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent (才能) is genetic youre a born artist, point guard, or numbers personThe fixed mind-set bel

44、ieves its sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shameWhen things get difficult, its quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make ev

45、erything possibleBecause the ego (自尊) isnt on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shameWhen faced with a difficulty, its quick to rethink, change and try againIn fact, it enjoys this experience.We are all born with growth mind-sets(Otherwise, we wouldnt be able

46、 to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praiseDwecks book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depthBut she says there are many little thing

47、s you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.57What does the author think about the present generation?AThey dont do well at school. BThey are often misunderstood.CThey are eager to win in sports. DThey are given too much prais

48、e.58A fixed mind-set person is probably one who _ .Adoesnt want to work hardBcares a lot about personal safetyCcannot share his ideas with othersDcan succeed with the help of teachers59What does the growth mind-set believe?AAdmitting failure is shameful.BTalent comes with ones birth.CScores should b

49、e highly valued.DGetting over difficulties is enjoyable.60What should parents do for their children based on Dwecks study?AEncourage them to learn from failures.BPrevent them from making mistakes.CGuide them in doing little things.DHelp them grow with praise.第二節(jié) 根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從對(duì)話后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該

50、項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(每小題1分)Daughter：DadYou love me, dont you?Father：Of course, I do 61 Daughter：Well, I saw this great offer for a free phone here in the newspaper, and Father： 62 Daughter：Well, the phone is free after the50 I pay is returned to me.Father：Ah, so thats the catch 63 Daughter：DadAll my fri

51、ends have one.Father：Ah, I dont know 64 Daughter：But the monthly charge for this service is only29.99, with 1,000 free weekday minutes nationwide, and unlimited weekend minutes.Father：I dont know.Daughter：Please DadWith the new phone you wont have to worry about me while Im driving the new car.Fathe

52、r： 65 Daughter：The new car youll need to buy so I can use the phone.AAh whats on your mind? BNew car? What new car?C Free? Nothings ever free. DWhat did you do to the new car?EAnd why on earth do you need a phone? FThey always charge a lot for the service.GBut what is the term of the service agreeme

53、nt?第II卷第三部分寫(xiě)作 (共三節(jié)，滿分55分)第一節(jié)單詞拼寫(xiě) (每小題1分) 根據(jù)下列句子及所給漢語(yǔ)注釋，在答題卡相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上寫(xiě)出空缺處各單詞的正確形式(每空只寫(xiě)一詞)。66Do you speak any _ (外國(guó)) languages?67Rebecca was the _ (驕傲) of her family.68Will you stop _ (打斷) me when Im talking?69David Beckhams _ (國(guó)籍) is British.70The _ (現(xiàn)代) history of Italy dates from 1860.71Bobs _ (侄子)

54、 is a freshman at Harvard University.72Alice wanted to borrow Jacks computer, but he _ (拒絕).73Her _ (書(shū)架) are filled with books and photos.74What are you girls _ (耳語(yǔ)) about?75Dont _ (咳嗽) more than you can help.第二節(jié)短文改錯(cuò) (每小題15分)此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。先對(duì)標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行作出判斷：如無(wú)錯(cuò)誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫(huà)一個(gè)勾（）；如有錯(cuò)誤（每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤），則按下列情況改正：該行多一個(gè)詞：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。該行缺一個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（），在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出該加的詞。該行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出改正后的詞。注意： 原行沒(méi)有錯(cuò)的不要改； 答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上