七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)第三單元語(yǔ)法篇

1、unit 3 the earth（語(yǔ)法篇）一.可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞1. 可數(shù)名詞的用法（1）可數(shù)名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)之分?？蓴?shù)名詞單數(shù)形式常為名詞本身，且一般要在其前加冠詞或其他限定詞。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式。eg：my name is alice.（2）名詞負(fù)數(shù)形式一般是在名詞詞尾加-s（-es），具體變化規(guī)則如下：大多數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)均在詞尾加-s。如：rulerrulers, bookbooks以s，x，ch，sh結(jié)尾的在詞尾加-es。如：watchwatches以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-es。如：familyfamilies，strawberrystrawbe

2、rries以f，fe結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-es。如：knife（小刀）knives，wifewives以o結(jié)尾的，一般來(lái)說(shuō)加-s。如：zoozoos，photophotos；也有單詞加-es，如：tomatotomatoes，potatopotatoes，heroheroes名詞變復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則變化：通過(guò)內(nèi)部元音變化構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。womanwomen，manmen，footfeet，toothteeth，goosegeese有些名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同。sheepsheep（綿羊），deerdeer（鹿），chinesechinese,japanesejapanese有些名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式不同。childc

3、hildren，mousemice（老鼠）2.不可數(shù)名詞的用法不可數(shù)名詞不能計(jì)數(shù)，一般沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，也不能用不定冠詞a/an或數(shù)詞one直接修飾。它包括物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞。不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。eg：this is glue.這是膠水。不可數(shù)名詞可用some，any，much，a lot of，（a）little，a bit of來(lái)修飾，表示一定的量。eg：i dont have any milk, but i have some tea. 我沒(méi)有牛奶，但我有茶。不可數(shù)名詞可用表示數(shù)量的名詞來(lái)表示其數(shù)量，此時(shí)的名詞有復(fù)數(shù)形式。eg：three bags of milk a

4、re three yuan. 3袋牛奶3元錢(qián)。二.there be句型there be句型表示其地或某時(shí)有某物。there是引導(dǎo)詞，本身無(wú)實(shí)際意義；be是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，be后的名詞是真正的主語(yǔ)。其句式變化見(jiàn)下表：肯定式there+be+主語(yǔ)+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)eg：there is a car in front of the house.否定式there+be+not+主語(yǔ)+其他.eg：there isnt any water here.一般疑問(wèn)句及其答語(yǔ)be+there+主語(yǔ)+其他？yes,there+be./no,there+be+not. eg：are there any books in

5、the bag?yes, there are./no,there arent.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)必須用單數(shù)；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)必須用復(fù)數(shù)。如果there be句型后的主語(yǔ)是幾個(gè)并列名詞時(shí)，則根據(jù)第一個(gè)名詞地點(diǎn)數(shù)確定be的形式，即該名詞若是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，be用單數(shù)；該名詞若是復(fù)數(shù)，be用復(fù)數(shù)。將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)there will be./there be going to be. eg：there will/is going to be a meeting tomorrow.實(shí)踐才是硬道理：一. 單項(xiàng)選擇1. are there any maps on the

6、wall? a. there are some. b. yes, there is. c. yes, there is one. d. no, there are.2. how many _ are there in the picture? a. woman b. women c. boy d. milk3. there on the wall .they are very beautiful.a. are photoes b. are photos c. is a photo d. is photos4. there are four and two in the group.a. jap

7、anese, germen b. japaneses, germen c. japanese, german d. japanese, germans5. the boys have got already. a. two bread b. two breads c. two pieces of bread d. two piece of bread6. the old man wants .a. six boxes of apples b. six boxes of apple c. six box of apples d. six boxs of apples7. there some i

8、n the river. a. is, fish b. are, fishs c. is, fishs d. are, fish8. we should clean twice a day. a .our tooth b. our tooths c. teeth d. our teeth9. the meeting room is near the reading room. a. teacher b. teachers c. teachers d. teachers10. in britain are all painted red. a. letter boxes b. letters b

9、oxes c. letter box d. letters box11. there are birds in that big tree. a. hundreds of b. five hundreds of c. five hundred of d. hundred of12. there two bowls of rice on the table. a. is b. have c. has d. are13. there not milk in the cup on the table.a. are, many b. are, much c. is, many d. is, much1

10、4. there is some on the table.a. apple b. orange c. cake d. sandwich15. there isnt _ paper in the box. will you go and get some for me? a. any b. some c. a d. an16. how many _ are there in your classroom? a. desks b. desk c. chair d. door17. there _ something wrong with our classroom. a. are b. has

11、c. is d. have18. _ any flowers on both sides of the street ? a. is there b. are there c. has d. have19. there _ a football match on tv this evening. a. will have b. is going to be c. has d. is going to have20. there _ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. you can take any of them. a. are b. is c.

12、has d. have二完形填空bruce likes playing 1 a river. but there 2 a river near his new house. he is not very happy.one day, he asks 3 mother,“ 4 a river near here?”“no, there 5 ”,his mother says, “but 6 new house has a garden? ”“i dont like 7 ”says bruce.one morning, his mother says “ 8 is a beautiful park

13、 near here. bruce, and there 9 two pools in it. well go there this afternoon.” bruce is very happy.after lunch, bruce and his mother 10 the park, and he plays in one of the pools. he has a very good time.( )1.a. atb. toc. ind. from( )2.a. isntb. isc. arentd. are( )3.a. herb. hisc. ourd. their( )4.a.

14、 there isb. are therec. there ared. is there( )5.a. isntb. isc. arentd. are( )6.a. yourb. myc. ourd. us( )7.a. youb. mec. themd. it( )8.a. theyb. itc. thisd. there ( )9.a. isb. arec. isntd. arent( )10.a. go tob. comes toc. tod. come三. 閱讀理解it seems to us that the earth stands quite still (靜止的). but i

15、t is really moving all the time. it turns around a make-believe line through its center. we call this make-believe line the earths axis (地軸). the two ends of the earths axis are called its poles (極). the earth travels twenty-four hours around its axis once.we look at the sun and say it travels acros

16、s the sky, but the sun doesnt really do so. the turning of the earth makes us feel as if the sun were moving across the sky. we cant see that the earth is moving because everything else on the earth is turning with us. as the earth turns around every twenty-four hours, first one half faces the sun a

17、nd then the other half. when our half of the earth is facing the sun, we say it is day. when our half is away from the sun, we say it is night. it is the turning of the earth that tells us when to go to bed and when to get up.1.the meaning of a make-believe line is a line that _.a. is called pole b.

18、 we cant seec. anyone can see d. we can make and believe2.it takes the earth _ to turn around its axis once.a. a week b. a month c. 12 hours d. 24 hours3.usually we say, the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. in fact, the sun _.a. does not move b. is moving all the timec. moves sometimes d.

19、 is too heavy to move4.we cant see the earth moving because _.a. the earth stands stillb. everything on the earth is moving with usc. the earth is smaller than the sund. the earth goes only at night5.when our part of the earth turns away from the sun we have _, and when our part faces the sun we hav

20、e _.a. day; night b. day; day c. night; day d. night; night四寫(xiě)出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、japanese 14、radio 15、potato 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 21、sheep 五根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)完成句子。1. 桌子上有一本書(shū)和兩支鋼筆。there a book and two

21、 pens on the desk.2. 錢(qián)包里有些錢(qián)。there some money in the picture.3. 在吉姆的書(shū)包里有一些卡片。 some cards in jims bag.4. 里面還有其他的東西嗎？ anything else in it?5. 我們學(xué)校有許多班。there many _ in our school.6. 樹(shù)上沒(méi)有鳥(niǎo)。there _ _ birds in the tree.7. 樹(shù)上有很多蘋(píng)果。_ _ _apples _the tree.六句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1.there is a woman near the house.（變復(fù)數(shù)） 2. there a

22、re some buses near the hill.（變單數(shù)） 3. there are some apples on the tree.（變一般問(wèn)句） 4. there is some orange in the glass.（變否定句） 5. is there a baby in the room?（變復(fù)數(shù)） 6. there arent any pictures on the wall. (同意句轉(zhuǎn)換)there _ _ pictures on the wall.7. there is no milk in the glass. (同意句轉(zhuǎn)換)there milk in the gl

23、ass.8. there are four children on the playground. (就劃線部分提問(wèn))_ children _ on the playground?9. there is only one cat behind the door. (就劃線部分提問(wèn)) _ there behind the door?10. there is some water in the bottle. (就劃線部分提問(wèn))_ there in the bottle?參考答案：一15：cbbdc 610：aadca 1115：aadba 1620：acbbb二15：cabda :610：cdd

24、ba三15：1.b。根據(jù)句子的意思及地理課上學(xué)到的知識(shí)，可知地球繞其中心旋轉(zhuǎn)的那條線叫做地軸。這是一條假想的、看不見(jiàn)的東西。故答案是b。2.d。根據(jù)the earth travels twenty-four hours around its axis once.這個(gè)句子可直接選出正確答案。事實(shí)上，確切地說(shuō)，地球自轉(zhuǎn)一周所用的時(shí)間是23時(shí)48分46秒。3.a。答案就在 but the sun doesnt really do so. the turning of the earth makes us feel as if the sun were moving across the sky.這兩句話中。選項(xiàng)d迷惑性較大，但是這利用由地理知識(shí)來(lái)排除。4.b。這是表層理解題，很明顯答案在because everything else on