中西文化及禮節(jié)差異分析 Cultural and Etiquete Differences between Chinese and Western

1、cultural and etiquete differences between chinese and western 中西文化及禮節(jié)差異分析中西文化及禮節(jié)差異分析 contents introduction 1 1. cultureand etiquette differences between chinese and western.2 1.1the gap of communicative manners2 1.1.1meeting etiquette.2 1.1.2salutation manners.2 1.1.3conversation etiquette.3 1.1.4th

2、anks etiquette.3 1.2differences of dining manners.4 1.2.1 arrange the seats etiquette.4 1.2.2table manners .4 1.2.3talk on the table manners.5 1.3 differences of dress etiquette.5 1.3.1differences of costume culture.5 1.3.2the fusion of dress etiquette6 2.the influence factors of differences the chi

3、nese and western etiquette.7 2.1different cultural background.7 2.1.1 culture origin.7 2.1.2culture to form soil.7 2.2 difference of value orientation.8 2.2.1 collectivism and individualism8 2.2.2 past orientation and future orientation8 2,2,3 rank idea and freedom equality.9 2.3 the influence of re

4、ligious faith .9 3. chinese and western etiquette enlightenment10 3.1etiquete is the premise and ensure effective communication.10 3.2seek common ground while reserving differences and mutual complementarily and survival.10 3.3 discard bad and take good.11 conclusion.12 bibliography .13 acknowledgem

5、ents .14 摘摘 要要 隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，中國與西方國家在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化方面聯(lián)系越來越緊 密，禮儀在這個(gè)過程中自然而然就變得重要起來了，中西方對(duì)于禮儀有著不同 的理解，所以對(duì)于這個(gè)問題的研究是非常有意義的。 禮儀是一個(gè)民族在特定歷史條件和地理環(huán)境中發(fā)展和承襲下來的禮節(jié)文明 規(guī)范，是一種文化形態(tài)的象征和體現(xiàn)。本位主要介紹了中西方禮儀在交際、餐 飲、服飾等方面表現(xiàn)出來的不同的形態(tài)，并從文化背景的不同，價(jià)值取向的差 異、宗教信仰的影響等方面分析了影響中西禮儀差異的因素，最后用“和而不 同”的態(tài)度來對(duì)待中西禮儀的文化差異、求同存異、互補(bǔ)互存。棄糟取精，弘 揚(yáng)優(yōu)秀的禮儀文化。只有認(rèn)清中西方禮儀文化

6、的差異，將二者合理有效的融合， 方能建立適合中國當(dāng)代社會(huì)的禮儀文化體系、達(dá)成和諧社會(huì)的理想。 關(guān)鍵詞：中西方禮儀 差異 影響 文化 abstract with the economic development, the relationship between china and west in politics, economy, and culture become more and more .it is undoubtedly that the etiquette will play an important role in this process. chinese and west

7、ern have different understandings to the etiquette. so the study of this problem will be very significant. etiquette is a civilized norms of etiquette, which is developed and inherited in the specific historical conditions and geographical environment by a nation, and is a symbol and reflection of t

8、he cultural form. the “etiquette” in chinese is formed of courtesy and ceremony, courtesy refers to politeness ,courtesy; ceremony means the rite, appearance,department.the western “etiqutte” has many words:courtesy,etiquette, protocol ,rite .this paper mainly introduces the difference forms of chin

9、ese and western etiquette reflected in communication, catering ,clothing, etc., and analyzed the factors that affect the difference of etiquette between east and west. finally come up with the inspiration that use the attitude of “harmony without” to treat the cultural differences between chinese an

10、d western etiquette; seek common ground while reserving differences, mutual complementarily and survival, discard bad and take good, and promote cut standing culture of etiquette and effectively, can we build the is suitable for chinese contemporary society, and achieve the ideal of harmonious socie

11、ty. key words: chinese and western etiquette difference affect culture introduction etiquette is the process and means to show respect to each other in interpersonal relationship by certain, common procedures. the etiquette can be said to be a persons external appearance of inward cultivation and qu

12、ality. firstly, it can help people raise their self-cultivation. secondly, it will promote social interaction and improve peoples interpersonal relationship. it also can purify the society. since different countries have different historical and cultural backgrounds. there are a lot of differences i

13、n the ceremony, especially between china and the west. the understanding of the differences between chinese etiquette and the western etiquette are astutely necessary. the paper explores the differences of chinese etiquette and the western etiquette. in modern society, it seems that the world is get

14、ting smaller and smaller, people are very active with frequent exchanges. many countries are paying great attention to combine international etiquette with national etiquette creatively. etiquette is the common wealth of chinese civilization and the western civilization. 1.culture and etiquette diff

15、erences between chinese and western 1.1 the gap of communication manners in social etiquette, the chinese and western culture have different understanding. chinese and western social etiquette embodied in the different aspects of interpersonal communication, such as the name, talking, and meet, than

16、ks, etc. 1.1.1meeting etiquette in formal occasions, chinese people meet with handshake, and like to ask “do you eat to dinner? where have you been? do go? “this reflects the intimacy between people. but for westerners, this greeting will be the other party by surprise, embarrass- semen, or even unp

17、leasant, this question can let westerners will be understood as a cross-examination, feel each other in asking about his private life. the daily greeting they only say “the hello” or chronological points that sound good morning, good afternoon, good evening. 1.1.2 salutation etiquette in social comm

18、unication, people are very sensitive to others how to call yourself, call properly, both a psychological harmony and social interaction will be carried out smoothly and delight. in china, the young and old and the different identity of higher- up and junior the call is very particular. they use the

19、depreciate himself and cry up others. call the elders and superiors to use a certain title positions, expect the respect. in english, the title says + surname title at the last name is also some. used for the title of the royal family, the top government, religious, military, or the legal profession

20、. but at english, this title the way far less than the chinese generally. except in addition to formal occasions must be said mr., mrs., miss, they can call their first names regard- dress of age, the said was considered to be a close relationship .in china, it is opposite. 1.1.3coversation etiquett

21、e in conversation, the chinese people like to share their privacy, but the westerners protect privacy, the chinese people euphemistic, and westerners direct frank. 1.1.4 thanks etiquette when withstand praise, in chinese and western show very different with different cultural contexts. chinese peopl

22、e do not have words to thank among friends and relatives; because they think say thanks would be very strange, so in the chinese cultural environment, the word thank you is much lower than the western societies. modest is the virtues of chinese since ancient times to the traditional ethnic. in the w

23、est, humility is not recognized. the face of praise, westerners tend to thank each other for the compliment or sure their own better compliment than a man, commonly used thank you, yes, it really is or yes, i like it to answer. in western eyes, the modesty is low self-esteem and lack of confidence i

24、n performance, because they worship is a personal struggle, never cover up the merits of the individual and get a feeling of achievement after ecstasy. 1.2differences of dining manners there is a greater difference in the west on the concept of a banquet. chinese dishes focus on color, smell and tas

25、te, even more than a focus on nutrition,. western diet is mainly pay attention to nutrition mix and absorption; it is a scientific concept of eating. westerners focus on the nutrition of the food and ignore the color, smell, taste, their diet is to the health and survival, do not pay attention to th

26、e enjoyment of taste. 1.2.1arrange the seats etiquettes chinese and western people are fastidious about the formal banquets seating arrangement. in china, the door for the attendance both sides of the partial block treat, the elderly, guest of honor, or high-status people get on the block, men and w

27、omen master or pique of those who sit down and seat, then follow the order of the male and female guest of honor and guests in the seating arrangements. in china, left the statue, the west is right for respect. 1.2.2table manners chinese people at the dinner table to advise dishes drinks upon as a c

28、ourtesy, and westerners will never force others to eat, guests often with the hostess action. owner asked the guests whether want something to drink in the general; the guests should be answered truthfully, if the guests declined, the owner did not need to reluctantly. the chinese people will take t

29、he initiative to tea or to get a drink, also continue to increase tea. in the west to drink tea off the courtesy, the face of the continual increase tea they often overwhelmed. feeding principles of chinese food: dishes need by guest of honor first take; not made too much for serving the food. feedi

30、ng principles of the west: to issue the meal dont make a noise ; meals as little as possible do not to speak; after a meal is the dessert time to chat; when eat soup do not make a sound. 1.2.3talk on the table manners chinese people like to drink and chat together to create a lively and warm atoms-

31、sphere. when talking must pay attention to the propriety, have manners, educated, learned, and talk about each other interested. in westerners meal, they like the elegant and quiet environment, they must pay attention at the dinner table etiquette. in main of quite in the west on the table, guests c

32、an talk to the sideward, but to avoid talk and laugh loudly. do not just talk with an acquaintance, when the guests have do not know you, you can choose to introduce themselves, and when others are saying and not be interrupted. 1.3 differences of dress etiquette in modern life, the costumes more an

33、d more has been paid attention, it has become an important part of the ritual. different ethnic culture, chinese and western clothing etiquette culture is also distinctive. 1.3.1differences of dress etiquette affected by the history of the chinese, the nation formation of a stable character and foll

34、ow the beaten track to love nature and peace, contentment ideology. under the influence of this code of conduct and way of thinking, makes the dress of the chinese people particularly the intricate harmony. for example, the cheongsam is a typical sign of the chinese women dress culture, it not only

35、in the style of the overall shape of the chinese art of harmonious features, but will also have the east a special decorative techniques into one of its unique charm lies in its inclusive cultural connotations. west emphasized the separation of that the subjective world and the objective world, it i

36、s clearly subjective for objective as property. clothing in the west is often seen as an integral part of the body art, so they seek to dress the bodys curves, pay attention to the outer contour, clothing comprehensive response of the scientific and artistic. 1.3.2the fusion of dress etiquette in th

37、e formal social occasions, the western men usually wear a conservative suit, white shirt and tie, usually wear black shoes. western women on formal occasions, wearing the dress suits, usually people like to wear casual. todays chinese people dressed increasingly westernized formal occasions, men and

38、 women dress and the west is no different. 2. the influence factors of differences the chinese and western etiquette generally speaking, interpersonal communication is the cultural essence. in different ethnic have way of thinking and values differences, it is caused of chinese and western cultural

39、differences cultural roots. 2.1 different cultural background 2.1.1culture origin since qin shi huang establishment of the great unification, confucian ethics has become the main ethics of the chinese people. strong chinese culture family re-care and feudal hierarchy”. western culture for the origin

40、 of ancient greek culture, the outset the importance of personal struggle, a human rights perspective is the product of the idea, the westerners have a weak hierarchy. 2.1.2 culture to form soil chinese culture conceived in an agricultural society, so is a farming culture, people and land has deep f

41、eelings. with long-term interaction between cluster and settle down, then the person affection sensibility. such feelings will be accumulated into the chinese culture. western culture from the business community, is a commercial sock- ety.business community to follow the principle of survival of the

42、 fittest competition with people, the competition than by cooperation, interests better than the feelings, the results accumulated become a focus on self, materialistic justice western cultural characteristics. the merchant is not attached to land and often move; western society the people can not f

43、orm deep and lasting friendship, pursuing the principle of individualism. 2.2difference of value orientation 2.2.1collectivism and individualizing chinese cultures believe that everyone is not an isolated individual, but part of the group; collectivism orientation is certificated of chinese society.

44、 peoples words and deeds must conform to the expectations of society and groups. respect with modesty, mutual concern, mutual understanding and to treat honesty people for their char - statistics. westerners are the most respected independent and free individualism, the premise of freedom, equality,

45、 democracy, rights to survive as a human being, they pay ate- - nation to privacy, this characteristics can protect themselves and be good at personal survival and competition. 2.2.2 past orientation and future orientation chinese people attach importance to the past, cherish the history of the wors

46、hip of ancestors, respect for teachers, re-experience, re-age. contrary to the time orientation of chinese culture, westerners all look to the future, their time as a way toward the future, the future orientation of their most important values. 2.2.3 rank idea and freedom equality strong hierarchy i

47、n the oriental culture, although the hierarchy in the traditional ritual system has been eliminated, but the hierarchy is still affected oriental culture. in western countries, in addition to a small number of countries such as the uk has a hereditary aristocracy and rigidly stratified caste system,

48、 most western countries have advocated the concept of equality. 2.3the influence of religious faith christianity is the dominant religion in the west, it has also been outbreaks in the history of the far-reaching religious wars, and western etiquette has strong religious overtones. after 2,000 years

49、 of feudal autocrat, imperial power rather than a theo- - cracy, not a religion dominated in china, so china is a non-religious country and have not ritual religious. 3. chinese and western etiquette enlightenment 3.1 etiquette is the premise and ensure effective communication the etiquette is the p

50、rerequisite and guarantee for the realization of interpersonal harmony. in modern society have more form of interpersonal, the contents of more complex, but in fundamental factors as to maintain harmonious relations among people is no change and interpersonal relationship harmony is built on top of

51、the social code of conduct. interpersonal relations harmony in need of social etiquette, especially in cross-cultural communication, etiquette reflects a countrys level of civilization and personal qualities, peoples cross-cultural the premise and guarantees the effective communication. 3.2 seek com

52、mon ground while reserving differences and mutual compel- - mentality and survival face up to differences, seek common ground while reserving differences, and to keep maintain positive communication mentality,achieved the realization of cultural recognition. differences in etiquette from different c

53、ultural connotations, in inter- national cross-cultural communication that we must not only recognize the existence of differences, but also to understand and respect these differences, it is to avoid cultural conflict, equal exchanges, a necessary condition for successful cooperation. in cross-cult

54、ural communication should be good to explore the cultural inter- - operability, find similar in the different cultures. the concept to be a modern interpretation to achieve mutual recognition and in order to establish a complementary to the harmonious relationship of mutual survival. 3.3discard bad

55、and take good in todays world the etiquette is more extensive and complex, which requires up to adapt the basis to maintain the original traditional etiquette and accepted by the western etiquette, to inherit and carry forward the fine tradition of chinese culture at the same time and pay attention

56、to the absorption of fine western cult reach- - elements, enrich and update our traditional culture, we should use proper etiquette in the appropriate forum. we can learn from the western etiquette, not only to learn its from, should draw on their inner soul, the only way we can set up their own self-confidence and sense of