定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯ppt課件

1、1Translation of attributive clause定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯Translation2INTRODUCTIONContributive clause includes Restrictive Attributive Clause (RA) and Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause (NRA). RA clauses have a close relation to the words they modify (or their antecedent先行詞), while the relation between NRA cl

2、ause and its antecedent is not that close. Accordingly, we can translate attributive clauses in three ways：31. Since restrictive attributive clause is to modify a noun, it is usually . But the clause has to be short enough so as not to break the main sentence:I want to buy a house which is inexpensi

3、ve yet comfortable.我想買一座又便宜又舒適的房子。4But if the attributive clause may cause ambiguity or logic mistake, it should be , usually as an individual sentence：They killed four men and injured the fifth who later died of his wounds.他們打死四人，并打傷了后來(lái)傷重死去的第五人。他們打死四人，打傷一人，傷者后來(lái)因傷勢(shì)過(guò)重而死去。5Some attributive clauses can

4、 , which makes no difference:On the European continent there is one subject which should be avoided the weather.在歐洲大陸，有一個(gè)話題人們諱莫如深，那就是天氣。在歐洲大陸，有一個(gè)人們諱莫如深的話題，那就是天氣。62. In translation of non-restrictive attributive clause, we usually . This is because:1) Non-restrictive attributive sentences are usually

5、 too long to be put in one single sentence:7World War II was more complex than World War I, which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets, recourses and territories.第一次世界大戰(zhàn)是帝國(guó)主義列強(qiáng)之間爭(zhēng)奪市場(chǎng)、資源和領(lǐng)土的沖突，因而第二次世界大戰(zhàn)比第一次更復(fù)雜。82) Non-restrictive attributive clause is usually descri

6、ptive or explanative rather than restrictive. So if you use them to restrict a noun, sometimes ambiguity may arise.His father, who is in Hongkong, will return to Taipei next week.他在香港的爸爸下星期要回臺(tái)北。(他還有別的爸爸）他爸爸現(xiàn)在在香港，下星期回臺(tái)北。9But please remember: Theres no rule but has no exception. Some non-restrictive a

7、ttributive clauses are also restrictive in meaning. Look at the following sentence:American families, which host foreign students, are not paid, though they are allowed a small income tax deduction. (Para. 5, L.28)收留外國(guó)學(xué)生的美國(guó)家庭得不到報(bào)酬，但可以少量地減少所得稅。103. Sometimes an attributive clause doesnt serve as attr

8、ibutive at all. Instead, it is to explain the reason, condition, result and concession. Therefore, we can .11They tried to stamp out the revolt, which spread all the more furiously throughout the country.他們企圖撲滅反抗，結(jié)果反抗越來(lái)越猛，遍及全國(guó)。(表示結(jié)果）In a dispute between two states with which one is friendly, try not

9、 to get involved.當(dāng)兩國(guó)發(fā)生爭(zhēng)端時(shí)，如與兩國(guó)都友好，則力避卷入。（表示條件）12The trend towards globalization began in the early 1970s when the system of fixed exchange rates, set up after World War II, was dismantled.國(guó)際化的趨勢(shì)開(kāi)始于20世紀(jì)70年代，當(dāng)時(shí)二戰(zhàn)后建立起來(lái)的固定匯率制瓦解了。（表示時(shí)間）Copper, which offers very little resistance, is used so widely for ca

10、rrying electricity.銅的電阻很小，所以廣泛用來(lái)輸電。（表示原因）13Translate the following sentences into Chinese, paying attention to attributive clauses.14Even young students who plan on staying in the United States just long enough to finish two semesters of high school have difficulty finding a host family. (Para. 5, L

11、.16)即使是那些只計(jì)劃短期留居美國(guó)，一完成兩學(xué)期高中課程就離開(kāi)的年輕學(xué)生也很難找到一個(gè)愿意收留他們的家庭。15At the end of each semester, as long as the students pass final exams, American authorities grant a certificate, which is recognized in Brazil. (Para. 3, L.8)每學(xué)期末，只要學(xué)生通過(guò)期末考試，美國(guó)當(dāng)局就會(huì)頒發(fā)一個(gè)證書(shū)，這個(gè)證書(shū)在巴西是承認(rèn)的。Every year the United States is host to an av

12、erage of 78,000 foreign high school level students, of which 3,000 are Brazilian. (Para.3, L.5)每年，美國(guó)平均要接待7.8萬(wàn)名高中水平的國(guó)外留學(xué)生，其中3,000人來(lái)自巴西。16Many colleges and universities have accommodation officers, whose job is to help you find somewhere to live.許多大學(xué)都有住宿管理人員，他們的工作就是幫你找到住的地方。17One important regulation

13、of the foreign study program has to do with the time, established by the host “parents”, by which the teenagers must arrive home on weekend nights. 國(guó)外求學(xué)計(jì)劃中一個(gè)重要的規(guī)定是關(guān)于時(shí)間的，“臨時(shí)父母”規(guī)定周末晚上到某個(gè)時(shí)間必須回家。18He likes his sister, who is warm and pleasant, but he did not like his brother, who is aloof and arrogant.他喜歡妹妹而不喜歡哥哥，因?yàn)槊妹脽崆橛淇?，哥哥冷漠高傲。（表示原因）After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night.飯后，四個(gè)主