船舶工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ),專業(yè)短語(yǔ)

1、contract plan and specification 合同計(jì)劃和規(guī)范general basic design基本設(shè)計(jì)in one way or another 總的來(lái)看，從各方面看crew boat 交通船specialized craft 專業(yè)工藝deck profile 甲板剖面圖plan view 平面圖sections 橫剖面圖heat balance 熱平衡steam flow 汽流additional reading 課外閱讀general consideration總則common denominator of共同標(biāo)準(zhǔn)supporting force支承力compara

2、tive factor比較因子physical nature物理性質(zhì)naval vessel海軍艦艇bulbous forefoot球鼻首a multitude of大量total system綜合系統(tǒng)without regard to不考慮optimum performance最佳性能in an orderly manner井井有條commercial craft achieve objective實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)display instrument顯示儀表simultaneous execution同時(shí)執(zhí)行protective systems防護(hù)系統(tǒng)navigation bridge駕駛室self

3、sufficient自給自足的flexible seal 彈性密封圈directionally stable航向穩(wěn)定forward motion 前進(jìn)運(yùn)動(dòng)dynamic support 動(dòng)力支持structural stress 結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)力a variation of 變化an adaptation of 改變configuration of ship design required freight rate 必要運(yùn)費(fèi)率salvage value殘值，一項(xiàng)固定資產(chǎn)經(jīng)過(guò)一定時(shí)期使用而磨損和老化后，所剩余的價(jià)值cashflow analysis現(xiàn)金流量分析acquisiton cost the ec

4、onomics of 經(jīng)濟(jì)oceanographic research ship海洋調(diào)查船power plant發(fā)電站； 發(fā)電廠； 電動(dòng)裝置； 發(fā)電機(jī)motor power 電機(jī)功率sail power 帆動(dòng)力shell plating 船殼板，外板draw （船）吃（水）in feet 用英尺表示take mean of采取float on an even keel 平浮height of platform if anyrudder stock the after cut up 船艉間斷處ordinates 船體分站a table of一個(gè)表geometric particulars幾何細(xì)節(jié)

5、be of interest有興趣的frame sectionround down甲板降低profile縱剖面section橫剖面angular disturbance角擾動(dòng)the areas of A up to Bcircumscribing rectangle外切矩形rectangular block長(zhǎng)方體bulkhead艙壁line plan型線圖body section船體橫截面，船體分段船體橫剖面body plan正視圖，橫剖面線圖aft of amidships 自船舯向后sheer profile船體側(cè)面圖buttock縱剖圖as the case may be根據(jù)具體情況而定

6、framecross section橫剖面moulded dimensions型尺度in like manner同理give particulars of描述consider假如each foot of depth of holdthe last quarter of the nineteenth centurypermanent means of closurefore and aft縱向地in regard togiven in a paper by Wilsonthe ability of a ship to floatoverall stability整體穩(wěn)性u(píng)nless other

7、wisespoken of asinitial heelinitial inclineinitially unstableupright verticaltend tocross section 橫剖面tangential force 次要的力wall-sided直舷的list 側(cè)傾a limited extent有限的程度，某種程度give rise to引起，導(dǎo)致，造成elevation and depression of the free surface自由面上升或下降as it would bewhat it would becompeting influencerectangular

8、 box矩形盒dynamic interaction動(dòng)態(tài)交互作用build into使成為一部分planning code設(shè)計(jì)建造規(guī)范distinct shouldermore often and earlier往往早于hold as舉行project from從突出來(lái)，伸出來(lái)in the simplest formtake advantage of the variationright angle直角absolute pressure絕對(duì)壓力advanced cavitationfully developed cavitation noiseunderwater profile水下部分側(cè)視圖

9、a set course一條設(shè)定的路線in a rough sense粗略地講near-universal gear準(zhǔn)萬(wàn)向舵機(jī)be turned to變成located along位于，沿flanking rudder側(cè)翼舵，倒車舵more generallynatural frequency固有頻率mass term質(zhì)量項(xiàng)coupling耦合proceeding furtherOperation Management and Maintenance 運(yùn)行管理與維護(hù)in an limited sense partial to nearly 偏近no further than 比什么不遠(yuǎn) . 遠(yuǎn)

10、遠(yuǎn)不如什么go no further than thatthe bulk of大部分operational attitude作戰(zhàn)高度in common usestated as表示為overall stability整體穩(wěn)性u(píng)nless other wisespoken of asdispatch vesselvariation變化a range of propeller r.p.m.一系列螺旋槳轉(zhuǎn)速self-propulsion point自航點(diǎn)the correct speed修正速度f(wàn)ollow as等于on a consistent basis一致的基礎(chǔ)上in particular尤其

11、，特別in practice實(shí)際上，實(shí)踐中propeller revolutions螺旋槳轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)as regards關(guān)于，在方面measured mile測(cè)標(biāo)間距，標(biāo)柱浬距，船速校驗(yàn)線nautical mile海里on a course依次normal to垂直于wake-adapted propellers適應(yīng)伴流螺旋槳model basins模型試驗(yàn)池prescribed programs規(guī)定的程序in accordance with 與一致，依照；稟承；秉承；因or otherwise或相反EHP 有效馬力more recently最近以來(lái)screw sloop螺桿單桅帆船3 displa

12、cements三種排量jet engine噴氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)jet efflux噴流，射流imping入射immediate vicinity緊鄰hydraulic load measuring capsules液壓負(fù)荷測(cè)量艙measured mile distancesbituminous aluminiuma range of一系列；一些；一套plasitc composition塑料混合物twin screw雙推進(jìn)器shaft bossing 軸包套scaling up 按比例增加；增大比例lower flange底部凸緣be subject to 易受的；慣患的work as充當(dāng)seconda

13、ry bending 二次彎曲loadings 載荷stores貯存品shaft strut艉軸架stern tube 尾軸管panel平板，面板shell，plating，floor，platefloor 地板;肋板;平甲板;海底;臺(tái)面;箱底inplane shear 面內(nèi)剪切racking loadkingpost主柱,主梁rigidity 剛性progressive flooding 連續(xù)浸水a(chǎn)pplicable load所施加的載荷frame構(gòu)架stringer 縱梁section modulus剖面模數(shù)moment of inertia轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量edge restraint邊緣約束co

14、mprehensive finite-element綜合有限元in addition to除之外in conjunction with 與協(xié)力thermal effect 熱效應(yīng)mathematical techniques數(shù)學(xué)方法matrix method矩陣法in effect 實(shí)際上、實(shí)質(zhì)上numerical methods計(jì)算方法 optimum design最佳設(shè)計(jì)，最優(yōu)設(shè)計(jì)，優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)objective function目標(biāo)函數(shù) constraint condition約束條件web frame 強(qiáng)肋骨numbered panel編號(hào)板fully stressed design 全應(yīng)

15、力設(shè)計(jì)allowable stress 容許應(yīng)力，許用應(yīng)力shear buckling 剪切性屈曲scantling船體構(gòu)件尺寸mechanical fitnesswith a view to為了，為的是；目的在于closing appliances關(guān)閉裝置rounded gunwale 修圓的舷邊as of截止，自起，在時(shí)associate member附屬會(huì)員to date至今， 直到今天， 到目前為止；迄今pump room 泵房range from to 在中變化steam temperature蒸汽溫度，汽溫調(diào)節(jié)correspondence group信函往來(lái)組governing b

16、ody主管團(tuán)體，主管部門，監(jiān)管組織control over 控制，操控能力scantling rules 船材尺度法則good practice 良好的做法preservative coating 防腐涂料full thickness全厚度panel size 拼板尺寸lay down安裝、建造、鋪設(shè)forming operation成形操作spatial disposition 空間排列plate keel平板龍骨sloping margin plate傾斜邊板set with用修飾molded dimension 船舶型尺度be set to被定在；被設(shè)為stringer縱桁stringe

17、r strake 甲板邊板inner edge 內(nèi)緣midships section 舯橫剖面rudder tile舵瓦frame line肋骨型線more shape to the shell 船殼板的形狀復(fù)雜bulb plate 球扁鋼butt weld對(duì)接焊接fillet weld填角焊接 at one level在某種程度上rackingalignment clockback-up支持，倒退visual measurement 目測(cè)abrupt change 突然變化flat bar扁鋼 compensating for a cutintervening deck中間甲板waterti

18、ght envelope水密外殼conform to遵守，依照，符合，順應(yīng)design practice設(shè)計(jì)，設(shè)計(jì)原則land borne cargo 陸運(yùn)貨物geometries幾何體in a statistical sense統(tǒng)計(jì)意義上deck wetness 甲板浸濕性wave-induced load 波浪感生載荷repeated bending反復(fù)彎曲seagoing vessel 海船，遠(yuǎn)洋船in a seaway 在海浪中away from 遠(yuǎn)離a quartering sea尾斜浪torsional load扭轉(zhuǎn)載荷compressive stress壓應(yīng)力tensile st

19、ress拉應(yīng)力girder梁cross section橫截面；橫斷面；橫剖面；橫切面regardless of不管，不顧fastening連接；連接物；固定solid mechanics固體力學(xué)essential element要素，（生命）必需元素，主要元素standard configuration 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)備配備，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參數(shù)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配備point load 集中荷載thermal load 熱負(fù)荷inertial load 慣性載荷with respect to關(guān)于，至于，相對(duì)于flexural load 彎曲載荷strain 應(yīng)變shearing load 剪切載荷combined load

20、復(fù)合載荷，組合載荷，合成載荷applied load外加負(fù)載，外施載荷dead load靜載荷，固定負(fù)載repeated load交變載荷cyclic loading周期荷載，交變載荷resonant vibration 共振energy load 能量荷載ballast壓載set forth闡明，陳述，說(shuō)明 at intervals不時(shí)，時(shí)時(shí)，相隔一定距離expansion joint 伸縮接頭，伸縮縫，伸縮接口essential similarity基本相似under body 船體水下部分buffeting action抖振作用rest at集中foundation support 基座

21、electric plant電站電氣設(shè)備furnishings 室內(nèi)陳設(shè)，家具a class ship 甲類船in component formmoment arms 力臂deflection撓度long-favouredquasi-steady wave 準(zhǔn)定長(zhǎng)波detailed plan 詳圖dynamic wave load動(dòng)態(tài)波載荷ample design margin足夠的設(shè)計(jì)余量quasi-static treatment準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)處理wave bendingat sea measurementat sea 茫然，不知所措；在海上computing resource計(jì)算資源whippi

22、ng振蕩two noded vibration 雙節(jié)點(diǎn)振動(dòng)wave encounter period 波浪遭遇周期design pratice設(shè)計(jì)原則floating plant水上機(jī)械設(shè)備offshore structures離岸工程結(jié)構(gòu)物private owner私營(yíng)業(yè)主be customized to根據(jù)要求shipping line航運(yùn)公司transportation agency運(yùn)輸代理30 trips 30次on short notice突然，急忙，忽然an unspecified nature and amountnotable exception特例，除外cargo capac

23、ity and handling equipmentcargo capacity載貨量，載貨能力contract design packages合同設(shè)計(jì)包planning and scheduling（生產(chǎn)）計(jì)劃安排sheet metal金屬薄板，金屬片section分段，部分，單元part部件，零件component組件，部件，零件handling搬運(yùn)hull blocks definition 船體分段劃分hull blocks船體分段building site建筑工地，landing起降subassemblies組件whether of不論launching way下水方式co

24、ntractual requirement合同要求prior to在之前craft oriented技術(shù)導(dǎo)向的as such同樣地production technique生產(chǎn)工藝assembly line裝配線，流水線as late as直到current practice現(xiàn)行方法general labor普工definite commitments明確的承諾management prerogative管理特權(quán)key dates重要的日子shipway船臺(tái)in depth徹底地，深入地in this connection在這個(gè)方面building yard建筑場(chǎng)地plan,specificat

25、ion，machinery installation機(jī)械裝置erection unit分段，建造分段weldment焊接件，焊接結(jié)構(gòu)ultrasonic testing超聲測(cè)試，超聲波探傷法working plans工作計(jì)劃erection procedure安裝程序desired預(yù)期的，the same may be said（發(fā)生）同樣的情況at best 充其量，至多standard items標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件，一般物品rigging fittings 索具配件off-the-shelf 現(xiàn)成產(chǎn)品the more standard itemsthe more complex itemsloadin

26、g instruments 裝載檢查儀hydrodynamic rudder torque水動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)舵扭矩rudder rate舵角速度ram pressure速度壓頭rudder stock舵桿joiner work 細(xì)木工程floor covering地板覆層insulation work絕熱工作owner furnished equipment 船東提供的設(shè)備radio equipment 無(wú)線電設(shè)備navigational equipment 航行設(shè)備washing machines and dryer洗衣機(jī)和烘干機(jī)mattresses and linens床墊和床單galley equ

27、ipment and dishes廚房設(shè)備和餐具spare parts備件call upon邀請(qǐng)semi-submersible drilling rigs半潛式鉆井平臺(tái)rigid temperature嚴(yán)格的溫度humidity control濕度控制intensive training強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練develop working plans制定工作圖紙purchasing department 采購(gòu)部proceed with 繼續(xù)進(jìn)行ordering component parts訂購(gòu)零件drafting department 繪圖室yard issue 船廠開(kāi)工任務(wù)發(fā)布書(shū)the lead ti

28、me交貨時(shí)間cubic體積be reviewed to審核prior agreement 事前同意essential changes本質(zhì)變化schematic diagram原理圖scheduling method進(jìn)度安排法overall schedule總進(jìn)度polaris submarine project北極星潛艇項(xiàng)目inertial guidance慣性制導(dǎo)have no time significance沒(méi)有時(shí)間意義a portion of 一部分spare time空暇時(shí)間，業(yè)余時(shí)間branching effect分叉效應(yīng)work force勞動(dòng)力gantt chart 甘特圖mu

29、ltiple bar chart多條形圖表accompanying key datesa time basea flow of表示“某事物的持續(xù)或連續(xù)供應(yīng)”。assembly area組配區(qū)，裝配區(qū)justification for expenditure經(jīng)費(fèi)支出理由be incorporated into被合并進(jìn)中,納入building sites建筑工地building basin船臺(tái) ground level地平面is underway正在進(jìn)行中float out of 從漂出來(lái)float out出塢even more更加，更多，更，還要portable gate便攜式門seal off

30、 封鎖起來(lái)undock 出塢ballast down into壓載到steel storage 鋼料存儲(chǔ)roller conveyor滾筒式輸送機(jī)compact plate and shape storage areapriming paint底漆enclosed fabrication shop 封閉式裝配車間multiple magnet gantry磁力式龍門吊bridge crane 橋式起重機(jī)，橋式吊車suction cups吸盤air suction吸氣，抽氣covered area 上蓋面積；有蓋地方；室內(nèi)面積in place在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢胢agnetic head 磁頭under

31、 cover 隱藏著，秘密地，掩護(hù)mirror image映像;翻版;倒影；反像;完全相同之物stiffener angle加筋角鋼,shape mill 型鋼軋機(jī)shape型材rolled shape 軋制鋼材angle butt weld 斜口對(duì)接焊縫.，斜對(duì)接焊panel line 平面板線buffer area 緩沖地區(qū)numerically controlled 數(shù)控rolled shape軋制型材fabricated shapes加工型材flat plate panel平板attaching stiffener加強(qiáng)筋assemblies組合體curved surface 曲面pre

32、pared form制備形式painting facility油漆房blast and paint facility噴涂設(shè)施installation裝置，設(shè)施hydraulic mechanism液壓機(jī)構(gòu)wherever practicable龍門式吊運(yùn)車forklift truck叉車a building basinwaterborne loads水基載荷in tandem to以串聯(lián)方式lifting capacity 起重能力right angle直角outfitting pier 舾裝碼頭booms吊桿action principe作用原理hydraulic jack 液壓千斤頂hyd

33、raulic nuts液壓螺帽starting friction起動(dòng)摩擦moving friction動(dòng)摩擦sheet metal shop板金工場(chǎng), 鈑金車間machine shop機(jī)械車間electrical shop電工車間chief executive officer首席執(zhí)行官abor ralations勞務(wù)關(guān)系trade worker行業(yè)工人production engineering工藝設(shè)計(jì)in some case某些情況下tranportation manufacturing生產(chǎn)運(yùn)輸quality assurance質(zhì)量保證regulatory agency 管理機(jī)構(gòu)applic

34、able rule 切實(shí)可行的規(guī)則compliance with budget遵守預(yù)算trade skill行業(yè)技能air conditioning equipment 空調(diào)設(shè)備abrasive blasting 噴砂清理power tool 動(dòng)力工具keel blocks龍骨墩weld splatter焊瘤high spot凸起出burr毛刺weld slag焊渣wiring fixture配線裝置electronics mechanic電子技工worn-out surface 磨損表面finished panel成品板janitorial duty勤雜職責(zé)mold loft floor 放

35、樣臺(tái)auxiliary motor 輔助電動(dòng)機(jī)ordinance equipment mechanicby means of借助，依靠spray gun噴漆槍core box型心盒welding process焊接方法，焊接過(guò)程steam heating 蒸汽加熱，蒸汽采暖lubrication systems潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)operating engineer施工工程師fit up裝備，裝配block總段soldering equipment焊接設(shè)備work practice工作實(shí)踐naval architectural computationprocess plan過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)numerical co

36、ntrol operation數(shù)控操作the resulting processgraghics terminal圖形終端from start to finish自始至終coordinate with使與相配合；接應(yīng)kinematic study運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)研究work instruction 工作說(shuō)明書(shū)with the exception of除之外programming編程integrated system 綜合系統(tǒng)，集成系統(tǒng)a high priority高級(jí)優(yōu)先numerical data 數(shù)據(jù)scaling laws定標(biāo)律sea spectra海浪譜block plan分段圖hard cop

37、y硬拷貝，復(fù)制文本the evaluation of評(píng)價(jià)design option設(shè)計(jì)方案key plan平面布置總圖transition design過(guò)渡設(shè)計(jì)work instruction designattractive design款式新穎，新設(shè)計(jì)transfer to調(diào)往，移動(dòng)到manufacturing facility生產(chǎn)設(shè)施，制造設(shè)施production effort生產(chǎn)工作from system to zonework instruction design工作任務(wù)書(shū)設(shè)計(jì)design modeling設(shè)計(jì)模型，設(shè)計(jì)建模personnel scheduling 人員配備計(jì)劃sca

38、le ratio標(biāo)度比group thinking群體思維，團(tuán)體思維less trained personnel不經(jīng)過(guò)培訓(xùn)的人員design progress設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)度checking group 檢查組prospective customer 潛在顧客required dimensionin conjunction with 與協(xié)力, 與合在一起,連同with regard to關(guān)于；就；說(shuō)起logical arrangement合理布置as opposed to與對(duì)照，與對(duì)比, 和相反,與相對(duì)比as such同樣地pioneering work創(chuàng)舉，開(kāi)創(chuàng)性工作product-oriented

39、產(chǎn)品導(dǎo)向manufacture and construction制造和施工small lot size小批量essential elemen t要素 small to medium lot size batchesinterim products中間產(chǎn)品series production 成批生產(chǎn)in essence 大體上，本質(zhì)上production process 生產(chǎn)過(guò)程pipe piece管件ventilation duct 通風(fēng)管道，通風(fēng)管a crew of 一組人員spanner wrench 活絡(luò)扳手arcwelder弧焊機(jī)，電焊機(jī)essential concept基本概念a g

40、roup of一組piece part零件functional systems功能系統(tǒng)turret lache六角車床an essential part 必不可少的一個(gè)組成部分be comparable to 和相當(dāng)；猶如；可比作work package 工作包established criteria建立的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)linnean hierarchical taxonomy 林式等級(jí)式分類學(xué)mutually exclusive 互相排斥 mechanical engineer 機(jī)械工程師general application一般應(yīng)用families of parts角色的族work process

41、工作過(guò)程shaped parts成型配件extrusion or casting擠壓成型和鑄造play card 玩撲克牌bridge player橋牌手in line with 跟一致；符合particular business特定業(yè)務(wù)purchasing agent采購(gòu)員supplemental characteristics輔助特征passing interest一時(shí)的興趣academic interest 學(xué)術(shù)界code character編碼字符in the absence of 缺乏的情況下letter character字母符號(hào)numbering system 編號(hào)系統(tǒng)sourc

42、e of來(lái)源cost driver 作業(yè)成本發(fā)生因素,成本動(dòng)因accounting and production control核算與生產(chǎn)控制functional ship sysytembe oriented to面向in an open field曠野中interface with(使)(與)相互聯(lián)系work order工令，工作通知單common practice慣例，通常做法prime candidate首選a long time frame長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的構(gòu)架borrowed budget借來(lái)的預(yù)算pyramid club金字塔俱樂(lè)部bring into line 使排齊，使一致；協(xié)和var

43、ious efficiencies效率及其變化規(guī)律account for說(shuō)明expended cost花費(fèi)的成本in excess of超過(guò)schedule規(guī)程go on and onin the rankings ofthe June quarter六月季度order book訂單confirmed order確認(rèn)的訂單dwt（deadweight tons）總載重噸位 lead the way 帶路，引路，向?qū)ruise ship大型游輪abandonment cost遺棄成本，遺棄費(fèi)用cargo carrying vessel 貨船secure order取得訂單strong curr

44、ency強(qiáng)貨幣european union歐盟european commission歐洲委員會(huì)vote to do 投票去做enhance prospectcompetitive pricing競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性定價(jià)profitable pricing盈利性定價(jià)cruise liner豪華郵輪，旅游班輪DAWN PRINCESS（公主黎明號(hào)）grand princess豪華公主號(hào) meyer werft邁爾船廠off the Coast of Alaska阿拉斯加海岸外timor sea 帝汶海amount to共計(jì)combined figuresaccount for占a round of一輪trade

45、 union行業(yè)聯(lián)盟taketogether共同商量contract arrangement合同安排structured organization有體制的組織finaning arrangement融通資金安排，提供資金的辦法far too often:“太多時(shí)候”或“的情況比比皆是”financial planner財(cái)務(wù)策劃師proposed提出的in the mission aspectaccordingly因此，于是operating inception開(kāi)始運(yùn)營(yíng)history approach歷史法the legal and financial aspects and impacts法律

46、和財(cái)務(wù)方面的影響allinclusive無(wú)所不包的，包括一切的law of the land當(dāng)?shù)胤?，?guó)內(nèi)法ingenuity of partyin this aspect of the shipbuilding processlegal profession法律專業(yè)undertake to do 承擔(dān)，開(kāi)始做leveraged lease經(jīng)融資租賃financial interest 財(cái)務(wù)權(quán)益decision authority決策權(quán)inhouse組織內(nèi)部的;機(jī)構(gòu)內(nèi)部進(jìn)行的wage payroll 工資支付帳perform their service履行職責(zé)come to use開(kāi)始使用en

47、gineering department 工程部planning department企劃部plan approver計(jì)劃經(jīng)理on-site 在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的，在工地上the order訂單port call 沿途到港?？縡inancial position 財(cái)務(wù)狀況established company 知名公司a continued futurebanking communitycharter commitmentbullishness景氣現(xiàn)象overtonnaging 噸位過(guò)剩foreign source data 外來(lái)源數(shù)據(jù)movement動(dòng)態(tài)oil company石油公司constructi

48、on program 施工程序，施工計(jì)劃constractual possibility a wide spectrum of 一系列的，很寬泛的范圍的chartering out租出去one more of a classconcrete example具體的例子employing innovation采用創(chuàng)新improved reliability提高可靠性contractual obligation 合同義務(wù)replacement planning更換計(jì)劃priority itemboard of director 董事會(huì)as a rule通常，一般說(shuō)來(lái)；照說(shuō)；照例low-cost ca

49、rriage低成本運(yùn)輸acquisition cost 購(gòu)置成本design origin 設(shè)計(jì)原點(diǎn)accepted designcomponent vendor部件銷售商seagoing personnel航海人員architectural practice建筑實(shí)踐salient feature 顯著特點(diǎn)a table ofshore-side岸邊的，岸上的be commited to 致力于，對(duì)作出承諾developed design開(kāi)發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)draft proposal提案草案long-standing長(zhǎng)期存在的；存在已久的favorable price 優(yōu)惠價(jià)格up to this point 到此刻為止on travel 隨心而行financial involvement財(cái)政參與in due course 在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候refined estimatebe submitted to順從于，服從于financial aid ratesou