小學(xué)英語-現(xiàn)在完成時7頁

1、 現(xiàn)在完成時一、現(xiàn)在完成時的用法1. 過去某時發(fā)生的動作到目前為止這個動作已經(jīng)完成。如：1）I have finished my homework. 我做完家庭作業(yè)了。（過去某時開始做，到現(xiàn)在已完成）2）He has already come 他已經(jīng)來了。（過去某時開始離開某地到這來，現(xiàn)在已在這。）2. 表示動作發(fā)生在過去并延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。如：1）I have studied English for six years. 我已經(jīng)學(xué)了六年英語了。 （六年前開始學(xué)英語，一直學(xué)到現(xiàn)在, 也可能繼續(xù)學(xué)也可能就此不學(xué)了。）2）I have lived in Shenyang since

2、1990. 我從1990年就在沈陽住。（從1990年開始住在沈陽一直住到現(xiàn)在，也可能繼續(xù)住也可能就此為止。）二、現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu) 1）肯定式：主語 + have / has + 過去分詞 2）否定式: 主語 + have / has + not + 過去分詞 3）一般疑問式 Have / Has + 主語 + 過去分詞 4）特殊疑問式 特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語+過去分詞三、現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語現(xiàn)在完成時常用的時間狀語包括 “already, yet,ever, etc”。例如：We have learned about 3000English words by the end of

3、this term.到上學(xué)期末我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了3000個英語單詞。注意：1) 當(dāng)表示一段時間，現(xiàn)在完成時可以用for 或since引導(dǎo)的狀語。例如：Ive known Li Li for 4 years. 我認(rèn)識麗麗已經(jīng)4年了。I have worked here since 8 years ago. 自從8年前我就在這工作。2) 當(dāng)在肯定陳述句中含有already或just 時，在轉(zhuǎn)換成否定句時，要把句中的already 或just 去掉，在句末加上yet.。例如：I have already seen the film. - I havent seen the film yet.He has

4、just come. -He hasnt come yet.四、使用時注意事項1.“have/ has got ” 形式上是一種完成時，但和have/ has 為同一意思“有”。 例如：Have you got pen-friends? Yes, I have. 你有筆友嗎？是的，我有。 Has he got a lot of work to do? No, he hasnt. 他有許多工作要做嗎？不，他沒有。2. have/has gone to 、have/has been to 和have/has been in的區(qū)別。have/ has gone to 去了，在去某地的路上或在某地，人

5、還未回來have/ has been to 曾經(jīng)去過，人已經(jīng)回來了have/ has been in 已經(jīng)在，常與一段時間連用He has been to Shenyang before. 他以前曾去過沈陽。He has been in Shenyang for ten years. 他在沈陽10年了。Has he gone to Shenyang? 他去沈陽了嗎？3. have/ has been to常和once, twice, never, ever連用；have/ has gone to則不可。例如: Has Tom ever been to Paris? 湯姆去過巴黎嗎？ Yes,

6、hes been there many times. 是的，他去過好幾次了。 Where have they gone? 他們?nèi)ツ睦锪耍?Theyve gone to Shenyang. 他們?nèi)ド蜿柫恕?非延續(xù)性動詞(或稱作終止性動詞)不能用“現(xiàn)在完成時 + 表示一段時間的狀語”的句型中。  這類動詞有：come, go, start, leave, die, buy, finish, join, borrow, stop等。但它們能夠用表示持續(xù)狀態(tài)的相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞替換句中的終止性動詞。arrive, come be here, be in buy havebegin, start

7、 be on die be dead get up be up leave, move be away； go out be out borrowkeepfinish/end be over open be openclose be closed join be a member of現(xiàn)在完成時練習(xí)：一、選擇填空1. Kates never seen Chinese films，_ ?A. hasnt she B. has she C. isnt she D. is she2. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball?-_you_ your homewor

8、k yet?A. Do；finish B. Are；finishing C. Did；finish D. Have；finished3. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice_he came to Yunnan.A. after B. before C. since D. for4. Tom_the CD player for two weeks.A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had5. I_a letter from him since he left.A. didnt rec

9、eive B. havent got C. didnt have D. havent heard6. -Have you ever_Beijing ? -Yes, I have.A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to7. My parents _ Shandong for ten years.A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been8. I wont go to the concert because I _my ticket.A. lost B. dont lose

10、 C. have lost D. is coming9. Where is Mr Liu? - He_ the library. A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D.has went10. We came to Shanghai three years ago, so we_here for two years. A. have been to B. have been in C. have been D. have gone11.- How long_you _your exam paper? - About three months

11、. A. did；buy B. have；get C. have；had D. have；bought12. He tells me he _China for over eight years. A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has gone to13. His parents_ for more than 3 years. A. have come here B. have started to workC. have lived there D. have left the university14I_ a letter fro

12、m him since he leftAdidn't receive Bhaven't got Cdidn't have Dhaven't heard15Where have you _ these days？I have _to Dalian with my friendsAbeen；gone Bbeen；been Cgone；been Dgone；gone16How long have you _ this book？Abought Bborrowed Chad Dlent17Where's Peter？ He _ to NanjingAis goi

13、ng Bhas been Chas gone Dwent18We have lived here _ five years agoAwhen Bsince Cbefore Dafter19I have watched the game When _you _ it？Ahave；watched Bdo；watch Cdid；watch Dwill；watch20. Miss Brown _ to the Great Wall twiceAhave been Bhas been Chave gone Dhas gone二用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I_ already _(see) the film

14、. I_(see) it last week.2. _he_(finish) his work yet? Not yet.3. _you_(be) to Hong Kong? Yes, I_(be) there twice.4. _you ever_(eat ) chocolate? No, never.5.My father_ just_(come) back from work. He is tired now.6. Where's Li Ming? He_(go) to the teacher's office.7.I_(work) here since I_(move)

15、 here in 1999.8. How long_ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks.三. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 (每空一詞)1. I have been to Macau before. (改為否定句)I_ _been to Macau before.2. He hasn't come to school because he's ill. (就劃線部分提問)_ _ he come to school?3. He has learned English for 5 years. (就劃線部分提問)_ _ _ _learned English?

16、4. I bought a new bike just now. (用just改寫)I_ just _a new bike.5. We began to learn English three years ago. (改為同義句)We_ _English _three years.四填入has / have been 或has / have gone.1. Harry： I saw you in Annabel's Restaurant last night. Diana： No, it wasn't me. I _ never_ there.2. Sam： Sally and

17、 Tim are on holiday, aren't they? Where_they _?Sue：To Florida, again.Sam： How many times_they_there?Sue： This is their third visit.3. Steve： Can I speak to Jill, please?Lynn： She's out, I'm afraid. She_to the cinema this evening.Steve： Again? She_already_to the cinema three times this week.五、 用for 或since填空。1. Jill has been in Ireland_Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland_three days.3. My aunt has lived