(新)高中英語語法總結(jié)-名詞性從句

1、所謂的光輝歲月，并不是以后，閃耀的日子，而是無人問津時(shí)，你對(duì)夢(mèng)想的偏執(zhí)。名詞性從句 在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句 (Noun Clauses)。 名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組 , 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任 主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓 語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。根據(jù)從句在句子中的功能分根據(jù)從句的性質(zhì)分定語從句形容詞性從句主語從句名詞性從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句狀語從句副詞性從句高中英語定語從句和名詞性從句綜合訓(xùn)練名詞從句 名詞從句有四類：賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句。例如： 賓語從句： I don

2、 't know here he will go.主語從句： Where he will go is unknown.表語從句： The problem is how we can get so much money. 同位語從句： We all feel sorry about the news that he failed in the game. 下面幾點(diǎn)是學(xué)習(xí)名詞從句要加以注意的：1 w hether 和 if 都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句表達(dá) “是否”意，（即引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí) if 和 whether 可以互換）但以下幾種名詞從句要用 whether （不用 if ）引導(dǎo)：（1）引導(dǎo)主語

3、從句，且在句首時(shí)。 例：Whether he has won the tennis is not known.（ 但I(xiàn)t is not known whether/if he has won the tennis）.（2）引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)。例 The problem is whether he can get a job.（3）引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)。例： I have no idea whether he will come.（4）介詞后的 whether 從句。例： I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.2 位 于句首引導(dǎo)主語從句的 that 不可忘。

4、例如： That he got the first place in the competition surprised all of us.3在“It is suggested/proposed/ordered/a pity/no wonder/necessary/strange/that 從句 ”結(jié)構(gòu)中， that 從句謂語有時(shí)用（ should ）do 這樣的虛擬語氣形式。 例如： It is suggested that we（should） improve the relations between us.It is a pity that one（should） stay in o

5、ne place all one s life.It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings （缺點(diǎn)） . 4在“The reason why is that 句式”中 that 不要誤為 because. 放棄很簡(jiǎn)單，但你堅(jiān)持到底的樣子一定很酷！3所謂的光輝歲月，并不是以后，閃耀的日子，而是無人問津時(shí)，你對(duì)夢(mèng)想的偏執(zhí)。 例如： The reason why he didn t go to school yesterday is that he was ill.5名詞從句中 that,what 用法比

6、較： 引導(dǎo)名詞從句的 that 是連詞，在句中無成份，無意義，而 what 是連接代詞， what the thing(s) that. 例如： It was told in yesterday s newspaper that what the students had done was praised by the factory.I know that he will study.I know what he will study.That he works hard at his lessons is known to us all.What he works hard at is k

7、nown to us all.All I ask is that you should tell the truth./He is not what( the person that)he used to be. 他和以前大不相同了。6where 在名詞從句中的使用特點(diǎn)：where 在名詞從句中有時(shí)可以變?yōu)?“the place where有時(shí)”可,以變?yōu)椤敖樵~ the place where 形”式 。例如： 主從： Where( The place where)she has gone is still unknown.賓從：Would you please tell me where(

8、the place where) Mr Smith lives?表從： Your dictionary remains where( in/at the place where)you put. 同位從： Have you any idea where( of the place where) she is spending her holidays? 7無論是哪種名詞從句都是陳述語序。例如：I know where he lives./Please tell me what her name is.當(dāng)一個(gè)特殊疑問句本身就是陳述語序(即 “主謂(賓) ”或“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu))，將其變?yōu)殚g接引語(即

9、賓語從句) 時(shí)，無需改變語序。例如：What s the matter with him?She asked me what was the matter with him.Who looks after your grandfather?He asked me who looked after my grandfather.第一節(jié) 知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解一【主語從句】 顧名思義，主語從句在句子中作主語。有時(shí)本身出現(xiàn)在主語的位置上，也有時(shí)出于句子結(jié)構(gòu)的考慮退到句子的尾 部，前面用形式主語 it 代替。從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般為單數(shù)形式。如 :What I saw was beyond any verba

10、l description.That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit.Why the company denied the contract is still unknown.When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion.It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing.It remains to be seen whether the new novel

11、 will be well received.Tips: 主語從句的 that 絕對(duì)不能省去。因?yàn)榫渥邮遣荒茏鲋髡Z的，故用 that 引導(dǎo)。若去掉則沒有了主語，而賓語從句的 that 可省。主語從句： That he is right is known to all of us.賓語從句： We all know (that) he is right.1. It 作形式主語和 it 引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的比較 為了防止句子頭重腳輕，通常把形式主語 it 放在主語位置，真正主語擱置于句末It 作形式主語代替主語從句， 主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)， 主語從句的連接詞沒有變化。 而 it 引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句則是對(duì)句子

12、某一部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，無論強(qiáng)調(diào)的是什么成分，都可用連詞that。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí)也可用 who/whom 。例如：放棄很簡(jiǎn)單，但你堅(jiān)持到底的樣子一定很酷！a) It is a pity that you didn't go to s你ee不 th去e看 fil那m.場(chǎng) 電影真可惜。b) It doesn 't interest me whether you succeed or 我no對(duì)t. 你成功與否不感興趣。c) It is in the morning that the murder took place. 謀殺案是在早上發(fā)生的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)d) It is John tha

13、t broke the window. 是 John 打碎的窗戶。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)2. 用 it作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)(1) It is名詞從句It is a fact that事實(shí)是It is an honor that非常榮幸It is common knowledge that是常識(shí)(2) It is形容詞從句It is natural that 很自然It is strange that 奇怪的是(3) It is不及物動(dòng)詞 從句It seems that 似乎It happened that碰巧It appears that 似乎(4) It 過去分詞 從句It is reported tha

14、t 據(jù)報(bào)道It has been proved that已證實(shí)It is said that 據(jù)說3. 主語從句不可位于句首的五種情況：（1）if引導(dǎo)的主語從句不可居于復(fù)合句句首。(2) It is said /reported 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如： 正確表達(dá)： It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. 錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)： That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.(3) It happens/occurs 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句

15、不可提前。例如： 正確表達(dá)： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)： That he failed in the examination occurred to him.(4) It doesn 't matter how/whether 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如： 正確表達(dá)： It doesn 't matter whether he is wrong or not. 錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)： Whether he is wrong or not doesn't matter.(5) 含主語從句的

16、復(fù)合句是疑問句時(shí)，主語從句不可提前。例如： 正確表達(dá)： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? 錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)： Is that will rain in the evening likely?4. what 與 that 在引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)的區(qū)別what 引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)在句時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，如主語賓語表語，而 that 則不然。例如： a) What you said yesterday is right.b) That she is still alive is a consolation賓語從句】（及物動(dòng)詞 ） 或介詞之后。賓語從句就是

17、在復(fù)合句中作賓語的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語動(dòng)詞放棄很簡(jiǎn)單，但你堅(jiān)持到底的樣子一定很酷！所謂的光輝歲月，并不是以后，閃耀的日子，而是無人問津時(shí)，你對(duì)夢(mèng)想的偏執(zhí)。We assumed that there would be more than 100 guests.He told the police in detail what he saw and heard.Nobody is sure what humans will look like in a million years.That will depend on whether they can get the chance.Whe

18、ther I will have the time I am not sure at the moment.The conductor complained that we were not gifted in singing and that he would never come again.1. 作動(dòng)詞的賓語(1) 由 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 (that 通?？梢允÷?), 例如：I heard that be joined the army. 我聽說他參軍了。(2) 由 what, whether (if) 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，例如：a) She did not know what ha

19、d happened. 她不知道發(fā)生了什么。b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 我想知道你是否能幫我改一下筆記。(3) 動(dòng)詞間接賓語賓語從句。例如：She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她對(duì)我說她會(huì)接受我的邀請(qǐng)。2. 作介詞的賓語，例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我們的成功取決于我們之間的合作。3. 作形容詞的賓語，例如：I am afraid (that

20、) I ' ve made a mist我ak恐e. 怕我已經(jīng)犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。注意： that 引導(dǎo)的從句常跟在下列形容詞后作賓語：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud,surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以將此類詞后的 that 從句的看作原因狀語從句。4. it 可以作為形式賓語it 不僅可以作為 形式主語

21、 ，還可以作為形式賓語而真正的賓語 that 從句則放在句尾，特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語的句子 中。 例如：We heard it that she would get married next month. 我聽說她下個(gè)朋就會(huì)結(jié)婚了。5. 后邊不能直接跟 that 從句的動(dòng)詞這類動(dòng)詞有 allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive 等。這類 詞后可以用不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語，但不可以用 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如：正確表達(dá)： I admire

22、 their winning the match.錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)： I admire that they won the match.6. 不可用 that 從句作直接賓語的動(dòng)詞有些動(dòng)詞不可用于 “動(dòng)詞間接賓語 that 從句 “結(jié)構(gòu)中，常見的有 envy, order( 命令 ), accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce(公開指責(zé)) , advise, congratulate 等。例如：正確表達(dá)： He impressed the manager as an honest man. 錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)： He impressed the mana

23、ger that he was an honest man.7. 否定的轉(zhuǎn)移若主句謂語動(dòng)詞為 think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy (想象) , guess, imagine 等，其后的賓語從句若含 有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。例如：I don ' t think this dress fits you well我. 認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。三【表語從句】表語從句在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句，放在系動(dòng)詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是 “主語連系動(dòng)詞表語從句 ”?？梢越颖?語從句的連系動(dòng)詞有 be, look

24、, remain （留下、保持、依然） , seem等。引導(dǎo)表語從句的 that?？墒÷?。另外，常用的還 有 the reason is that 和 It is because 等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：1）The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.2）This is why we can't get the support of the people.3）But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.4）The reas

25、on he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.四【同位語從句】同位語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語的名詞性從句。1. 同位語從句的功能 同位語從句對(duì)于名詞進(jìn)一步解釋 ，說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容， 一般由 that 引導(dǎo)，例如：1） The king 's decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.2） The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by t

26、he general.2. 同位語在句子中的位置 同位語從句有時(shí)可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。例如： He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.3. 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別（1）. 同位語從句和定語從句相似， 二者都有先行詞。同位語從句是對(duì)先行詞的進(jìn)一步陳述，和先行詞是同等的關(guān)系， 含義相同。定語從句是對(duì)先行詞的修飾或限制。（2）. 同位語從句表示先行詞的內(nèi)容是什么， 進(jìn)一步說明先行詞。 定語從句與先行詞之間是所屬關(guān)系， 表示“ 的” 起修飾作用。（3）. 同位語從句的“ that 不”能

27、 省略。定語從句的關(guān)系代詞 “ that 在”從 句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略。（4）同位語從句的先行詞是一個(gè)含有概念的抽象名詞，從句對(duì)這一概念進(jìn)行展開或說明。 同位語從句和定語從句的異同與辨析。1. 正確使用同位語從句的關(guān)連詞；2.正確運(yùn)用同位語從句的先行詞；3.能正確認(rèn)識(shí)并正確翻譯同位語從句。同位語從句和定語從句比較練習(xí)1. I heard about the news that he got a full mark in this examination. （同位語從句）2. This is good news that I heard from Mary. （定語從句）3. He can &#

28、39;t answer the question how he got the mone（y同. 位語從句）4. This is an easy question that he answered in class. （定語從句）五【連接代詞、連接副詞和連接詞】 通過以上介紹，我們可以看出，四種名詞性從句都需要有一個(gè)連接性詞在從句的開頭。這個(gè)詞是什么性質(zhì)，要看它 在從句中作作的成分， 如果作的是主語、賓語、表語的話，這個(gè)詞就是連接代詞；如果作的是各種狀語，就叫連接副 詞；如果不作任何成分，就叫連接詞。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞 ：連接詞 that, if, whether連接代詞： who, wh

29、om, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever 連接副詞 when, where, how, why第二節(jié) 考點(diǎn)分類解析考點(diǎn)一：語序問題】名詞性從句的語序：永遠(yuǎn)陳述語氣 。即名詞性從句中不會(huì)出現(xiàn)助動(dòng)詞提前的現(xiàn)象。如：Who he is doesn ' t matter much.When and where we shall have the sports meet is a question.I don ' t know what his name is.I don ' t know what is wrong

30、 with him. = I don' t know what is the matter with him.You can ' t imagine how excited I was at that time.Can you tell me what size shoes you wear?No one can be sure in a million years. ( MET1991 )A. what will man look likeB. what man will look likeC. man will look like whatD. what look will

31、 man like【考點(diǎn)二： that 和 what 的區(qū)別問題】能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)系代詞有 who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever 八個(gè)。為何單獨(dú)講 what 的用法呢？重要！在考試中出現(xiàn)的頻率高！在本書第一章定語從句中，我們提到過， what 是不能引導(dǎo)定語從 句的。定語從句中如果缺少的成分是主語、賓語、表語，我們選擇的是關(guān)系代詞 that 或其他?，F(xiàn)在山頭換了，到了名 詞性從句的知識(shí)范圍了。 What 在名詞性從句中 就很有用武之地了。還是分析成分， what 在從句中作的主語、賓語、 表語。而 that

32、只是一個(gè) “連接詞 ”，既不作什么成分，也沒有什么意義。如:What you did doesn ' t agrehe w whiat t you promised.What he couldn ' t understand was why his teacher was never satisfied with him.The matter of salary is what I care most if I decide to change my profession.What we can ' t get always seems better than what

33、 we have already got.I think that your composition is no better than his.That you don ' t love her is not my business.What we have seen is different from .A. we heardB. we have heard C. what we heardD. what we have heard答案： D 。我們應(yīng)該可以看出這是個(gè)賓語從句。從句中hear 是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，缺少賓語。所以，應(yīng)該選有 what 引導(dǎo)的從句。而不能是 that 或者省略

34、了 that 的情況。I couldn ' t agree with at the meeting.D. what you saidsay 是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，缺少賓語。所以，應(yīng)該選 因?yàn)橛行┩瑢W(xué)會(huì)認(rèn)為 all 是先行詞，而后面時(shí) whatA. that you said B. which you saidC. all what you said答案：。與上一題相同，這也是一個(gè)考查賓語從句的題目。從句中的 擇 what 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。但是，這個(gè)題目最容易錯(cuò)的選項(xiàng)是。引導(dǎo)的定語從句。但是， what 是不引導(dǎo)定語從句的。所以，根本就是不存在的?？键c(diǎn)三： that 和 whether 的區(qū)別問

35、題】有時(shí)候，它們兩個(gè)比較難以區(qū)別，因?yàn)?，它們都是連接詞，都在從句中不作成分。但是，它們之間最大的區(qū)別在 于“意義”。即 that在從句中既不作成分，也沒有自己的意義；而 whether 就不同了。它雖然不在從句中作什么成分，但 是它又意義，即 “是否 ”。這就能夠左右從句的意思，使從句所表達(dá)的意思變成一個(gè)還沒有確定的因素。如：I don ' t know wheth ehre can join us or not.I ' m sure that he can join us.It is none of your business whether I love her.It is

36、 none of your business that I don' t love her.放棄很簡(jiǎn)單，但你堅(jiān)持到底的樣子一定很酷！9所謂的光輝歲月，并不是以后，閃耀的日子，而是無人問津時(shí)，你對(duì)夢(mèng)想的偏執(zhí)。綜上所述，區(qū)分 that 還是 whether，重要一點(diǎn)就是看主句需要從句表達(dá)一個(gè)什么意思，是確定的，還是不確定的；是 事實(shí)還是疑問。前者選 that，后者選 whether 。如：I have no doubt Mr. Johnson will make it here on time.A. thatB. whetherC. whyD. whenNo one can be sure

37、 the board will accept our conditions.A. thatB. whetherC. whyD. what【考點(diǎn)四： if 和 whether 的區(qū)別問題】二者在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)都有 “是否 ”之意。但并不是永遠(yuǎn)可以互換。一般認(rèn)為，二者可以互換的環(huán)境也只有在賓語 從句中。如：He didn ' t give us explicit reply whether/if he will attend our wedding ceremony. 而在介詞的賓語從句中，在主語從句中，在表語從句中，在同位語從句中，在和不定式搭配的結(jié)構(gòu)中等等，習(xí)慣上只 能用 whethe

38、r。如：1. we ' ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weathe（r. 1996）A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where2. The question of they are old or young is not important.A. which B. whether C. how D. if3. The question is the film is worth seeing.A. ifB. whatC. whetherD. how4. He doesn ' t know to star yn

39、ot.A. ifB. whenC. whetherD. how5. The news our team has won the match is unknown.A. whichB. ifC. whetherD. then值得注意的是：有些資料依然強(qiáng)調(diào) if 不能與 or not 搭配的問題。過去有過這樣的規(guī)定，只是在現(xiàn)代英語中，已經(jīng)不再 強(qiáng)調(diào)了而已?，F(xiàn)在認(rèn)為 if or not也可以接受?！究键c(diǎn)五： wh- 詞和 wh-ever 的區(qū)別問題】一般認(rèn)為， wh- 詞在引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)，依然保留了很大部分的疑問詞的本色，所以，它們引導(dǎo)的從句在意思上應(yīng)該表達(dá) 的是一個(gè) “問題 ”，如：“誰？什么？何時(shí)？

40、何地？為何？怎么？ ”等。而 wh-ever 已經(jīng)沒有這層色彩， 不再關(guān)心這樣的 “問 題 ”，而是充滿了讓步的意味，多有 “無論 ”之意。如：The police wanted to know who will benefit most from the old man' s death.警方想知道誰將從老人的去世中受益最多。Whoever will benefit from t he old man ' s death will be questioned by the police. 能從老人的去世之中受益的所有人都將受到警方的盤問。Who will be sent to

41、 help the people in the flooded areas hasn' t been announced.誰將被派往洪災(zāi)區(qū)去救援還沒有宣布。Whoever will be sent to work in the flooded areas will spare no effort to helpthe people in need. 不管是誰被派往災(zāi)區(qū)救援都會(huì)全力以赴地幫助災(zāi)民?！究键c(diǎn)六： no matter wh- 和 wh-ever 的區(qū)別問題】二者都有 “無論 ”之意。在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)確實(shí)可以互換，沒有什么區(qū)別。但是，no matter wh- 只能引導(dǎo)狀語從

42、句，不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。 Wh-ever 則二者兼收，來去自由。由此包含與被包含的關(guān)系決定，二者同時(shí)出現(xiàn)而必 選其一時(shí)，答案肯定是 wh-ever 。如：Whoever breaks the rules will be punished. （ 主語從句 ） 放棄很簡(jiǎn)單，但你堅(jiān)持到底的樣子一定很酷！13Whoever/ No matter who breaks the rules, he/she will be punished. （ 狀語從句 ）Don't believe whatever he tells you. （賓語從句 ）Don't believe him, what

43、ever/ no matter what he tells you. （狀語從句 ） 【考點(diǎn)七：名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣問題】先看賓語從句的虛擬語氣。一般說來，如果從句作的是表示說話人某種觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度或要求等語氣的動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)， 從句中要求用 should動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語氣（should 經(jīng)?？梢允÷裕?。這些動(dòng)詞常見的有： desire, demand, require, request, order, propose, command, advise, suggest等。如：例： He insisted that she （ should） spend more time studying.H

44、e demanded that we （ should） be on time.The boss required that all waiters （should） keep standing all day long.The publishing house suggested that I （should） type my book out.有兩個(gè)特例是 suggest和 insist。它們倆后面的賓語從句是否用虛擬語氣還要看具體語境來定。如：The doctor suggested that I had a cold。 （這個(gè) suggest的意思是“解釋，說明”。后面不用虛擬語氣 ）

45、The big smiles on her face suggested that she had passed the test. （這個(gè) suggest的意思是“表明”。后面不用虛擬語氣 ）The doctor suggested that I （should） stay in bed for a few day. （這個(gè) suggest的意思是“建議”。后面用虛擬語氣 ）The young man insisted that he was well enough to serve in the army. （ 這個(gè) insist 堅(jiān)持的是一個(gè)事實(shí)不是一種觀點(diǎn)。 后面 不用虛擬語氣 ）Th

46、at young man insisted that he should be sent to the front. （這個(gè) insist 堅(jiān)持的是一種觀點(diǎn)， 即“他應(yīng)該被派往前線 ”。后 面用虛擬語氣 ）以上是賓語從句中的虛擬語氣現(xiàn)象。如果是其他三種名詞性從句，只要和上述動(dòng)詞有關(guān)，也享受同樣的待遇。如：The headquarters ' suggestion is that we （should） wait forth aenr few days. （表語從句 ）His order that all the soldiers （should） swim across the riv

47、er was refused. （ 同位語從句 ）It is strongly recommended that you （should） take a taxi. （ 主語從句 ） 另外，在下面這幾個(gè)特殊的句型中，后面的主語從句也用虛擬語氣。a. It is important/ necessary/ natural/ a wonder/ essential （必要的） /suggested that should do 如：It is important that you （ should） be on time.It is necessary that you （should） exer

48、cise regularly.b. I wish that did 如：.I wish I were a bird.I wish one day I could live on the moon.c. I 'd rather that d如id： I 'd rather you did it yourself.I 'd rather I hadn't lent you that bicycle yesterday.【考點(diǎn)八：賓語從句的反意疑問句的問題】眾所周知，反意疑問句是由句子的謂語和主語的代詞形式共同構(gòu)成。如：He is ignorant, isn'

49、t he?He isn 't strong, is he? 但是，如果前面的句子中含有賓語從句，怎么辦？答案是一定針對(duì)主句的主語、謂語。如： You know he is ignorant, don't you?I told you he isn't strong, didn't I?有一種例外，當(dāng)主句的主語是 I,且謂語動(dòng)詞是表示觀點(diǎn)的動(dòng)詞如 think, believe, suppose, expect, am afraid 等時(shí)，就 只能針對(duì)從句反問了。因?yàn)闆]有人會(huì)對(duì)自己的觀點(diǎn)嗎上進(jìn)行反詰。如：I think he is ignorant, isn'

50、; t he?I believe he isn' t strong, is he?【考點(diǎn)九： it 在名詞性從句中的作用問題】代詞 it 的用法有很多。 但近幾年的高考關(guān)注的卻比較集中， 即 it 作為普通回指代詞的用法和在名詞性從句中作形式 賓語和形式主語的用法。如：作形式主語：It worried me a bit that he didn' t phone.It occurred to me that she might have forgotten the date.It doesn ' t matter when you ar-r-i-v ejust come when you can.It wasn ' t clear to anyone why he didn' t come.It was surprising how many unhappy mar