北京市2020屆高三3月份高考適應性測試英語試題(word精校版)

1、2020年北京市高考適應性測試英語第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，45分)第一節(jié) 語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AMrs. Bailey WaS important in the educatiOnal joUrney that Carried me through school and into myprofession. Until I joined her class, I hadn ' IbeIieVed in my ability as a

2、 writer. She 1 (PerSUade) me to join the POetry SOCiety and lit in me a fire for literature. She recog ni Sed 2(I)potential and ShOWed me that I could Write With CreatiVity and enthusiasm. BeCaUSe of the Confidence She inSPired in me, I' Ve-CarVedSOUCelSS) PrOfeSSiOn as a journalist.BSome UniVer

3、Sity StUdents Carried out a CamPaign 4 they CeIebrated their whole day WithOUt cell Phon es. ThiS move WaS to improve their relati On ShiPS With their n ear and dear OneS and to keep them aWay from the VirtUaI ( 虛 擬 的 )life. 5 (StUdy) indicate that a majority of young people USed their PhoneS during

4、 lessons, OVer family meals or even at the Cinema. The problem of Phone addict ion ( 成癮 )has bee n ObSerVed SinCe a feW years ago, With experts and PSyChOlogists 6 (try) to in CreaSe aWare ness about this problem.CThe tiger Shark 7 (C On Sider) to be One of the most dan gerous SharkS in the World. W

5、hy are tiger SharkS so dangerous? First, they like to IiVe 8 WaterS Where humans usually SWim, so the Chances of an encounter (遭遇)are much greater. Second, tiger SharkS are so strong and aggressiVe that they Can 9 (easy) hit a PerS on. And third, tiger SharkS have teeth PerfeCtIy 10 (design) for CUt

6、ting their food, so it is Certain that the damage Will be disastrous.第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Afel WaS Only a Very small boy When he first SaW SnoW in a PiCtUre book. It had lots ofPiCtUreS of ChiIdren11 in big White fields. He asked,“ Mum, What a

7、re those White fields?” Hmother laughed, “ That ' S snoW, and they are making a SnoWman!12 ” WSateSniOW toWas. Afel didn ' t reauy because there WaS no real SnoW Where he lived. BUt he ShOWed great 14.One day When he WaS 12, Afel WaS WatChing a PrOgramme On TV at his UnCle' S house. TheP

8、rOgramme WaS full of snoW. And n Ot OnlySnoW there Were people 15 across the snoW. They looked like fantastic birds. They had hats COVering all their heads and big goggles over their eyes.And On their feet, they had 16 shoes.“ What are those? ” he asked his UlnCIe.“ Skis, ” replied his Uncle.“ And t

9、hose people arecalled skiers. ” At that momen 18Ie to be a skier. He asked his UnCle What the PrOgramme Was. “The Winter Olympics,” Said his Uncle."It ' S like the normaHOlymperebut foryou need snoW Ski jumping, bobsleigh (長橇),those sorts of things. They _20_it every fouryears.Afel found OU

10、t that the next Winter OlymPiCS would be i n Beijing, in 2022.“ Perfect, ” hethought. “ EnOUgh for me to become a brilliant skier.”Afel“ BUt there ' S no snow here! ” people told him.“ Where are you g<2i2g toki?He made himself a Pair of SkiS from two PieCeS of wood. He tied them to his feet a

11、nd PraCtiSed Skii ng 23 two StiCkS in his han ds. He PraCtiSed aga in and aga in Un til he could 24 quite quickly across the sand. He 25 to fly down the hills like the PeoPle On TV , but he Couldn ' t.“ NeVer mind, ” he thought.26 " lt” S a" How will you go to the Olympics?” PeoPleaske

12、d him. “ OUr CoUntry doesr27 haVe a team that goes to the Win ter Olympics. We have good runners and win IotS of medals at the Olympics. BUt no Skiing, no.28 . So” Afel didnevery ni ght, out in the middle of the desert, Afel now PraCtiSeS Skii ng dow n Sand hills. He 29 that the yellow Sand and brow

13、n earth are as gold as the medal he will bring home With him, When he is the 30.11. A .draw ingB.play ingC. dancingD .hiki ng12. A .announceB.StreSSC. ConcludeD .expla in13. A .mi ndB.respOndC. UnderstandD .regret14. A .in terestB.ConCernC. PatienceD .Con fide nce15. A .walk ingB.ridi ngC. runningD

14、.flyi ng16. A .stro ngB.Stra ngeC. fashiOnableD .comfortable17. A .politelyB.hopefullyC. excitedlyD .n ervously18. A .PrOmiSedB.CIaimedC. agreedD .decided19. A .PrOjeCtSB.fieldsC. SPOrtSD .COUrSeS20. A .gainB.haveC. acceptD .mark21. A .timeB.en ergyC. experienceD .determ in ati On22. A .avoidedB.ign

15、oredC. COrreCtedD .CritiCiZed23. A .PUSh ingB.pulli ngC. holdingD .WaVi ng24. A .rollB.marchC. jumpD .move25. A .neededB.PreParedC. PretendedD .attempted26. A .StartB .ChanceC. solutionD .Strategy27. A .evenB .OftenC. shortlyD .fin ally28. A .refuseB .in quireC. CareD .complai n29. A .dreamsB .Predi

16、CtSC . assumesD .realizes30. A .authorityB .ChamPi OnC . geniusD .CeIebrity第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題 2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIf you ' re looking to buy a gift for your ChiIdren, Why not keep UP With the trend and get the best hoverboard?What is a Hoverboard?Pd

17、rtabIeeBtdcal,S movie. Typically, thisA hoverboard is a two- WheeIed PerS Onaltran SPOrtati On device. It became highly popular in 2015 in reference to a popular 1980 self-bala ncing device OPerateS like a POWered skateboard.How Does a Hoverboard Work?The device may have many designs, but the mechan

18、ism itself isncated. Bas'icat lclyo,maplistandard hoverboard contains:? Battery: stores the electrical power. Almost all hoverboards use a high-watt lithium-ion battery.? Gyroscope (one for each wheel): allows riders to tilt ( 傾斜 ) the hoverboard while maintaining balance and adjusting their dir

19、ection.? Motor (one in each wheel): provides the power to the wheels to keep the rider balanced and upright.? Logic board: functions as the hoverboard brain. It processes data your speed, tilt, etc. and sends information to the motors. This unit controls the power of the board so riders can adjust t

20、heir speed.All the above components work together to control the power and tilt of the hoverboards so the rider is balanced, upright and moving at a controlled speed.Why Buy a Hoverboard?Undoubtedly, hoverboards are cool. You' ve probably seen kids riding one around the house.They ' re a phe

21、nomenon and everybody wants in. So, why deny your kids and prevent them from being part of this trend?Where is a hoverboard legal?Despite their wild pop ularity, hoverboards have yet to become-legal “”s.trCeuertrently, someplaces prohibit anyone under 16 from using these devices, and hoverboards are

22、 banned in academic institutions and public places, like campus buildings, parks, shopping malls and subway stations. Some places have also put speed limits on the devices and restricted their use to bike paths. However, openareasincluding your yard are free of these restrictions.31. The logic board

23、 of a hoverboard can .A store electricityB power the wheelsC send information to the ridersD receive data and give command32. According to the passage, a hoverboard can be used .A on campusB in parksC on bike pathsDin shopping malls33. What is the main purpose of this passage?ATo evaluate a gift'

24、;s quality.B To recommend a gift choice.C To compare new hoverboard models.D To clarify functions of the latest hoverboards.BGrowing up, Deka Ismail says she let labels define what she could be. “ I was a black girl, from a refugee (難民) family, ” Deka said.“It was as if I was only allowed to explore

25、 in thispredetermined box.”After a high school chemistry class inspired her to think about a career in science and gave her confidence in the field, Deka learned to live outside labels and began making big plans for her future. Now she is about to begin her freshman year at the University of Califor

26、nia, planning tobecome a professor.Bornand raised in San Diego' S City HeightS neighbourhoOdHDekaughter Of aSomali refugee couple. While some might Say Deka' S SUCCeSS happened in SPite of herbackground, She would Say differently, that her experiences ShaPed her and inSPired her to be the dr

27、iven, young SCientist that She is today.When Deka WaS eight years old, her mother got a job by StUdy ing hard back in school in order to SUPPOrt the whole family. That made Deka realize that educati On could make a differe nce to One ' S life. She SPent a lot of time in the Iibrary reading books

28、, and didn o many Of the things' t dher PeerS did, like Partying or havi ng roma ntic relati On ships."I always felt like I had to be the PerfeCt girl for my family,” Deka said. “ You ha、even do your best but two times better than everyOne else. I felt like the whole world WaS Waiting for m

29、e to mess up. ”Deka' S efforts Paid off. The SUmmer before her Senior year of high school, She WaS accepted to the AmeriCa n ChemiCaI SOCiety PrOjeCt SEED Programme.“ She brought both en thusiasm andfocus, ” Botham, a researcher at this research inStitUte, recalled.“ She arrived every day rea（wo

30、rk, ready to lear n and ready to tackle new challe nges regardless of Whether or not She had done anything similar. ”When asked What advice She would give to OtherS like her, Deka Warned them not toUnderestimate themselves.“ Don' t tell yourself that scholarship is too big or this PrOgramme is t

31、ooCOmPetitiVe or I ' ll never get into this school,” She said. " I WaS not SUre Whether I could makeUn til I Started See ing the accepta nce IetterS rolli ng in. ”34. From the passage, We Can Iear n that.A. Deka WaS adopted by a refugee familyB. Deka SPe nt a lot of time going to PartieSC.

32、Deka became a PrOfeSSOr after graduati OnD. Deka ' S experiences drove her to work hard35. Deka realized the importa nce of educati On.A. from her mother ' S experiencB. after her ChemiStry classC. by read ing books in the IibraryD. through work ing at the in StitUte36. ACCOrd ing to the las

33、t paragraph, Deka advised that StUde nts be.A. Patie ntB. Con fide ntC. ambitiousD. gen erous37. What does the story intend to tell us?A. Life is not all roses.B. PraCtiCe makes perfect.C. Well begu n is half done.D. Hard work leads to success.CA group of blue-faced birds SteP through the grass shou

34、lder to shoulder, red eyes look ing around. They look like middle schoolers Seek ing a Cafeteria table at lunchtime. PerhaPS they' re not so different.A new study, led by Damie n Fari ne, an Orn ithologist who StUdieS collective behaviour, shows that the VUItUri ne guin eafowl of easter n AfriCa

35、, like huma ns, have multilevel societies. In the past, SCie ntists assumed SUCh social StrUCtUreS required a lot of brain power. BUt the pea-bra ined guin eafowl are reveali ng the faults in that assumpti on.TheSe large birds Wan der across the Ian dscape in packs, ofte n walk ing so closely that t

36、heir bodies touch. They may fight each other to maintain their StriCt hierarchies （ 等級制度 ）,but atother times they engage in friendly behaviours like sharing food.Suspecting the guineafowl might have a social structure, Dr. Farine and his colleagues began a thorough study of their society. For a whol

37、e year, they made daily observations of 441 birds. Coloured leg bands in unique combinations let researchers tell the black-and-blue birds apart. They also attached GPS devices to the backs of 58 birds, which let them see exactly where every group went, 24 hours a day.The findings of the research su

38、ggest that the vulturine guineafowl have a multilevel society. There are groups within groups within the population as a whole. There even seem to be groups of friends within the small groups. This is the first time anyone has observed such a society in a bird. And Dr. Farine emphasizes this particu

39、lar bird ' s tiny brain size: “ They don ' t only have sm brains relative to mammals （ 哺乳動物 ）, they also have quite small brains relative to other birds, he said.According to him, living in this kind of society might actually make it easier to keep track of the social order. For example, if

40、groups are stable and a bird can identify just one or two individuals within a group, it knows which group itno'nseelodofkoinr ga abtrain that canrecognize every single animal. Multilevel societies also let animals adjust their group sizes based on whatever challenges they' re facing. Depend

41、ing on what enemies or resources are around, itmight make sense to travel in a combined group rather than a smaller one.“ Having a multilevel structure may not require having a large brain,” Dr. Farine said. Themay be more birds and other animals out there that, although small-brained, have societie

42、s as many-leveled as our own.38. According to the passage, what inspired Dr. Farine to carry out the study?A. The guineafowl' s social behaviour. B. Previous assumptions about birds.C. His interest in animal brainpower.D. The faults in earlier research.39. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A. The

43、 research subjects.B. The research methods.C. The research findings.D. The research equipment.40. What can be learned from the passage?A. Complex social systems can be a disadvantage to the guineafowl.B. The guineafowl are good at recognizing individuals in a group.C. Birds maintain social order by

44、travelling in combined groups.D. Small-brained animals can form multilevel societies.41. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To present the findings of a study of the guineafowl.B. To explain the interaction patterns in multilevel societies.C. To introduce a new approach to observing the guin

45、eafowl. D. To uncover clues about how complex societies are formed.DFor several decades, there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by those whose interests and ideologies are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientis

46、ts have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things.Stressing successes isn' t wrong, but for many people it' s not persuasive. An alternativeanswer to the question “ Why trust science? ” is that scie-nctaislltesdusceiethnetifsicomethod. I

47、fyou ' Ve got a high school SCience textbook Iyingaround, you' Il Probably find that anSWer in it. BUtWhat is typically thought to be the SCientific method develop a hypothesis （假設）,then designan experiment to test it isn ' t What SCientists actually do. SCience is dynamic: new methods g

48、et inven ted; old OneS get aba ndon ed; and sometimes, SCie ntists Can be found doing many differe nt thi ngs.If there is no identifiable SCientific method, then What is the reason for trust in SCience? Thean SWer is how those CIaimS are evaluated. The com mon eleme nt in moder n SCie nce, regardles

49、s ofthe SPeCifiC field or the PartiCUIar methods being used, is the StriCt SCrUtiny （ 審查）of claims. It' Sthis tough, SUStained PrOCeSS that works to make SUre faulty CIaimS are rejected. A SCientific claimis n ever accepted as true Un til it has gone through a Ien gthy“ Peer review ” because the

50、 reviewersare experts in the Same field who have both the right and the obligati on （ 責任）to find faults.A key aspect of SCientific judgment is that it is done collectively. No claim gets accepted Until it has bee n Vetted by doze ns, if not hun dreds, of heads. In areas that have bee n Con tested, l

51、ike CIimate SCie nce and VaCC ine safety, it' S thousa nds. ThiS is Why We are gen erally justified in notWOrrying too much if a Single SCientist, even a Very famous one, disagrees With the claim. And this is Why diversity in SCie nce the more people look ing at a claim from differe nt an gles i

52、s importa nt.Does this PrOCeSS ever go wrong? Of course. SCie ntists are huma ns. There is always thePOSSibiIity of revising a claim on the basis of new evidence. Some people argue that We should nottrust SCie nce because SCie ntists are“ always Cha nging their min ds.” While examples of truly SetSC

53、ience being overtUrned are far fewer than is SOmetimeS claimed, they do exist. BUt the beauty of this SCientific PrOCeSS is that it explains What might OtherWiSe appear ParadOXiCaI （ 矛盾的）:thatSCie nce PrOdUCeS both no velty and StabiIity. SCie ntists do Cha nge their mi nds in the face of new evide

54、nce, but this is a Stre ngth of SCie nce, not a Weak ness.42. How does the author think of the SCientific method?A. Stable.B. Persuasive. C. Un reliable. D. Un realistic.43. What does the Underlined word“ Vetted ” in ParagraPh 4 PrObabIy mean?A. Expla in ed. B. EXam in ed.C. Repeated.D. Released.44.

55、 ACCOrd ing to the passage, the author may agree that.A. it is not PerSUaSiVe to reject those faulty CIaimSB. SettIed SCie nce tends to be collectively OVertUr nedC. a Ieadi ng expert Cannot play a decisive role in a SCrUti nyD. diversity in kno WIedge is the com mon eleme nt in SCie nce45. WhiCh of

56、 the following would be the best title for the passage?A. PUt Your Faith in SCie nceB. Defend the TrUth in SCie nceC. Apply Your Mind to SCie nceD. Explore A Dyn amic Way to SCienCe第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題 2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選 出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。An in terview is a discussi on With some One in WhiCh

57、you try to get in formatio n from them. 46 There are three basic sub-types of in terview: StrUCtUred in terviews, Un StrUCtUred in terviews and Semi-StrUCtUred in terviews.47In Cide ntally,“ resp Ondent ” and"in forma ntare words that are SOmetimeS USed inStead of"interviewee” .A great deal is ProVided by this PerS Onal Con tact: you are ano ther huma n being, and in terviewees will resp Ond to you, in bodily PreSe nce, in an en tirely differe nt Way from the Way that they would have reacted to questi Onn aires that Came through their Iette