情態(tài)動詞(完整版)

1、情態(tài)動詞 （ 完整版 ）一、單項選擇情態(tài)動詞1 you disturb me now? I m busy preparing a report. Terribly sorry, but I have something urgent to tell you.A NeedB ShouldC MightD Must【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞特殊用法。句意： 你非要現(xiàn)在打擾我嗎？我正在準(zhǔn)備一份報告。 真對不起，但是我怕有緊急事情告訴你。A. Need 需要； B. Should 應(yīng)該； C. Might 也許； D. Must必須；一定；偏偏，非得；根據(jù)語境可知must 表示 “偏偏，非

2、得”符合上下文語境，用來指責(zé)對方。故D 項正確。2 They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they to our help.A would have comeB could comeC have comeD had come【答案】A【解析】試題分析：本句考查的是一個含蓄的虛擬條件句，句中的or 相當(dāng)于 if they had not goneabroad.因為前面句中使用的是were,說明這個虛擬語氣是與過去事實相反，所以主句中使用的是 情態(tài)動詞+have done

3、”的形式。句意：當(dāng)我們在做調(diào)查的那幾個月里，他們一直在 國外，否則的話他們早就來幫助我們了。故A 正確。3 Mr. Baker, some students want to see you. they wait here or outside?A MayB ShouldC ShallD Will【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查 Shall 的用法。句意：貝克先生，有些學(xué)生想見你。他們是在這里等還是在外面等 ?Shall 用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埵?。故選C。【點睛】Shall 的用法Shall作為助動詞，一般用于第一人稱I和We,表示一個將來的動作，構(gòu)成將來時

4、態(tài)。Shall 后面接動詞原形。例如：（ 1 ） I shall think it over and Let you know my idea. 我將考慮一下此事，然后告訴你我的想法。（ 2） We shall have a good time in the park. 我們在公園里會玩得很高興的。常考的特殊用法1. Shall 用于第一人稱，表示征求對方的意愿。如：What shall we do this evening?2. Shall 用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埵?。如：Shall we begin our lesson?When shall he b

5、e able to leave the hospital?3. Shall 用于第二、第三人稱，表示說話人給對方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。如：You shallfail if you don't work harder. （警告）He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允諾）He shall be punished. （威脅）4 The accident which left 15 people on board dead if both the angry femalepassenger and the bus driver had

6、 kept calm.A should have avoidedB should be avoidedC could have avoidedD could have been avoided【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查 “情態(tài)動詞+完成式”。句意：如果憤怒的女乘客和巴士司機(jī)保持冷靜，這起導(dǎo)致15 人死亡的事故本來是可以避免的。could have done 本“來能做而沒有做 ”，且句子主語Theaccident 和謂語動詞avoid 之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合句意可知答案為D。【點睛】情態(tài)動詞+ have done 結(jié)構(gòu)：1. “must + have過去分詞”表示對過去發(fā)生的事情或狀態(tài)進(jìn)行推

7、測，語氣比較堅定，通常只 用于肯定句。如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2. " can / could + havei+去分詞”表示對過去某種情況的懷疑或不確定。can和could 一般用于否定句和疑問句，could 的語氣較can 弱。如：He can't have finished the work so soon.3. “may / might + have過去分詞”表示對已發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行不肯定的推測， might 的語氣比may 弱一點。這種結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑問句改用

8、can 或could。 如： They may not have known it beforehand.4. “need + have+去分詞”表示過去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或過去做某事純屬多 余。如：I needn't have bought so much wine only five people came.5. “ should / ought to + have +過去分詞”表示過去本該做某事但沒做，其否定式表示過去不該做某事但做了，這種句式含有不滿或責(zé)備之意，ought to 的語氣比should 強(qiáng)一些。如：You ought to / should have s

9、tudied harder. 你本應(yīng)該更努力學(xué)習(xí)的.（但沒有）He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that. 他本來就不該做那件事.（可是做了）6. “ would have 過去分詞”表示對過去的某種情況進(jìn)行猜測，或本來要做某事卻因某種原因未做成，通常用來說明某一情況，但不像用should 或 ought to 那樣含有責(zé)備之意。如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem. Another worker wouldn't

10、 have acted like that.5 The room is so clean. He have cleaned it yesterday evening.A willB needC canD must【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞表推測。句意：房間如此干凈，他一定是昨天晚上打掃過了。must have done表示對過去發(fā)生的事情有把握的猜測，意思是“一定（做過）”，故 D 項正確。6 I often felt troubled in my teens and my grandma comfort me, saying“ Life is likethat, dear ”.A

11、 wouldB mightC shouldD must【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：在我十幾歲的時候，我經(jīng)常感到煩惱，我的奶奶會安慰我說，“生活就是這樣，親愛的”。此處是would+ 動詞原形，表示“過去總是做某事”。故選A。7 The professor warned the students that on no account use mobile phones in hisclass.A should theyB they shouldC dare theyD they dare【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查部分倒裝和情態(tài)動詞。句意：這位教授警告學(xué)生們，在他的課堂上，決

12、不應(yīng)該使用手機(jī)。 on no account 意為 “決不 ”，否定詞放在句首，句子使用部分倒裝，排除B、 D 項；這里表示應(yīng)該，故選A。8 No student go out of school to have lunch without permission of the headteacher.A mightB mustC shallD could【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：未經(jīng)校長允許，任何學(xué)生不得離開學(xué)校去吃午飯。might 可能；must 一定，必須；shall 會，將；could 能夠。本句是一條禁令。shall 用于肯定句并且主語是第一、三人稱時，表示允諾，警

13、告，勸告等語氣。故選C。9 I love the weekend, because I get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A mustn tB needn tC wouldn tD shouldn t【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：我喜歡周末，因為周六周日不必早起。A. mustn t 不能，禁止；B.needn '不必'；C. wouldn 不會；D. shouldn 不應(yīng)該。此處表示不必”，故B項正確。10 -Can I pay the bill by credit card?-Sorry, sir. But it i

14、s the management rules of our hotel that payment be madein cash.A shallB needC willD must【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞詞義辨析。A. shall 用于法律法規(guī)或條文中，表示義務(wù)、規(guī)定等；B. need 需要； C. will 會； D. must 必須。句意： 我能用信用卡支付么？ 對不起，先生，現(xiàn)金支付是我們酒店的管理規(guī)定。故A 項正確。11 The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the ope

15、ning day get a big prize.A mustB couldC wouldD shall【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意：新開業(yè)的超市宣布，開業(yè)當(dāng)天首先購物的人會得到大獎。shall 用于二三人稱的陳述句中可以表示說話人的承諾，命令，警告等，此處表示超市的承諾，故選D。12 I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn t you drive him there? I . But my car .A would; was fixedB would have; was fixedC would hav

16、e; was being fixedD did; was being fixed【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查虛擬語氣和動詞時態(tài)。句意：-我看見你叔叔坐出租車去機(jī)場了。你為什么不開車送他去那里呢？-我本來想送他了。但是我的汽車當(dāng)時正在修理。根據(jù)語境可知說話人表示本來想做但是沒有做的事情，應(yīng)該用would have done ；而修理汽車是指當(dāng)他叔叔去機(jī)場的時候，表示過去正在進(jìn)行的動作，故答案選C。13 My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he your lecture.A shouldn t have attended

17、B couldn t have attendedC mustn t have attendedD needn t have attended【答案】B【解析】試題分析：考查情態(tài)動詞用法。Shouldn' t have don邦不應(yīng)該做某事，實際上卻做了（虛擬語氣）；couldn ' t have don而可能做某事（對過去情況的推測）；needn' t have done本不需要做某事，實際上卻做了（虛擬語氣）；句意：我的姐姐昨天下午在街上遇見了他，所以他不可能去聽了你的演講。故B 正確?？键c：考查情態(tài)動詞用法點評：考本題是高考必考考點，一定要牢記句型意思。must h

18、ave done 過去肯定做了某事。should have done本應(yīng)該做而實際未做。can' t have donei去不可能做了某事；shouldn t headvone 本不應(yīng)該做而實際做了。need have done 本有必要做某事；needn thave done本沒有必要做某事；注意沒有mustn ' t have done）形式。14 It s already 11 o clock , and he have been here half an hour ago. Maybe he got caught in the rain.A mustB ought to

19、C mayD can【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：已經(jīng) 11點了，他半小時前就該到了。A. must have done必定做了（表示對過去的推測）；B. ought to have done 本應(yīng)該做的；C. may have done 可能已經(jīng)做過某事；D. can have done 本來可以做的（但沒有做），根據(jù)題意，故選B。t say anything.15 Tony what I did annoying though he didnSo you think you will have to make an apology?B should have foundD

20、must have foundA could find C might find 【答案】D【解析】 【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞+have done。句意：一Tony一定覺得我做的事很煩人，盡管他什么也沒說。一所以你認(rèn)為你得道歉嗎 ？。由"whatl did可知；此處是對過去事情有把握的推測，musthave done 定是做某事了 "。故選D項?！军c睛】情態(tài)動詞+ have done 結(jié)構(gòu)：1. “must + have過去分詞”表示對過去發(fā)生的事情或狀態(tài)進(jìn)行推測，語氣比較堅定，通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the

21、ground is wet.2. “ can / could + havei+去分詞”表示對過去某種情況的懷疑或不確定.can和could 一般用于否定句和疑問句,could 的語氣較can 弱 .如：He can't have finished the work so soon.3. may / might + have過去分詞”表示對已發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行不肯定的推測,might的語氣比may弱一點.這種結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑問句改用can或could.如： They may not have known it beforehand.4. need + have+去分

22、詞”表示過去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或過去做某事純屬多余.如： I needn't have bought so much wine only five people came.5. “ should / ought to + have +過去分詞”表示過去本該做某事但沒做,其否定式表示過去不該做某事但做了,這種句式含有不滿或責(zé)備之意,ought to 的語氣比should 強(qiáng)一些.如：You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本應(yīng)該更努力學(xué)習(xí)的.（但沒有）He oughtn't to / shouldn't have

23、done that. 他本來就不該做那件事.（可是做了）6. “ would have 過去分詞”表示對過去的某種情況進(jìn)行猜測,或本來要做某事卻因某種原因未做成,通常用來說明某一情況,但不像用should 或 ought to 那樣含有責(zé)備之意.如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem. Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.分析句子可知，由 "what I did可知，此處是對過去事情有把握的推測，must h

24、ave done 工定是做某事了”。故選 D 項。16. According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one generate,release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies.A canB shallC willD may【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：根據(jù)最新發(fā)行的關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻服務(wù)的規(guī)章，任何人都不可以使用此類技術(shù)生成、發(fā)行或者傳播虛假消息。A. can 能夠，有時會；B. shall 一三人

25、稱表示征求對方意見；二三人稱陳述句，表示允諾、威脅、恐嚇或法律條文的規(guī)定。C. will 意愿； D.may也許，可能。根據(jù)前面的regulation （規(guī)定）可知，本題選 shall更加合理。故選 B。17. -Is Jack on duty today?-It be him. It's his turn tomorrow.A. mustn'tB. won'tC. can'tD. needn't【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞表示推測。句意：-今天杰克值日嗎？-不可能是他。明天該輪到他。can' t be用于否定推測 不可能是“，must

26、表示推測的時候，表示 肯定是“，won'那愿意，needn' t 不必，故選Co18. We take clean drinking water for granted. One day we may run out of it.A. needn'tB. can'tC. won'tD. shouldn't【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：我們不應(yīng)該把擁有潔凈的飲用水看作是理所當(dāng)然的。也許有一天，我們會用完它。shouldn't不應(yīng)該"，符合句意。needn't不必s can't不可能；won'

27、t將不。故選Do19. I use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by myhouse.A. couldn'tB. mustn'tC. shouldn'tD. needn't【答案】D【解析】試題分析：考查情態(tài)動詞辨析。A不可能；B禁止，千萬不能；C不應(yīng)tD不需要；句意：我不需要使用鬧鐘叫醒我，因為每天早上六點都有一列火車經(jīng)過我的家旁邊。根據(jù)句意可知我不需要使用鬧鐘。故 D正確?？键c：考查情態(tài)動詞詞義辨析20. If we had pai

28、d enough attention to the issue of the heavily-overloaded vehicles, the tragedyof the collapse of an overpass in Wuxi avoided.A. shouldB. could beC. should have been D. could have been【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞用法。句意：如果我們對超載車輛問題給予足夠的重視，就可以避免無錫立交橋垮塌的悲劇。本句為情態(tài)動詞+have done”結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合句意表示 茶來可以；本來能夠應(yīng)用 could have done

29、結(jié)構(gòu)，且主語與謂語動詞avoid 構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用be done 形式。故選D?！军c睛】情態(tài)動詞+have done 的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法有以下幾種：1、 must have done sth. 一定做了某事 “”。表示對過去事情的較有把握的推測，這時只能用在肯定句中，肯定/必須已經(jīng)干過；在否定句和疑問句中用can'或couldn '或can/could,例如：1 .From what you said, she must have told you all about it. 從你的話看，她一定告訴了你所有 的事情。2、 can/could have done sth. 本來能夠

30、做某事，而實際上未做；1.But we could have done it all so much better. 但是，我們本可以把這一切做得更好。3、 can't/couldn't have done sth. 不可能做過某事；1. We could't have done it without you.沒有你我們辦不成這事。4、 ought to/should have done sth. 過去本應(yīng)該做某事而實際上并沒有做。You should have done it when you first saw them blooming this spring.

31、你應(yīng)該在今年春天第一次看到它們盛開的時候就挖一些的。2 Even if it s something you should have done earlier in the week or missed a detail on.甚至你在一個星期前的就提早完成了一件事或者忽略了一個小細(xì)節(jié)。21 He writing the paper now. He hadn t writtenorad swinhgelen wIleft him tenminutes ago.A shouldn t beB can t have finishedC can t beD mustn t have finished

32、【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查推測句。句意：他現(xiàn)在不可能寫完了卷子。我十分鐘之前留下他時，他還沒有寫一個字。根據(jù)句意可知，此處考查對過去情況的否定推測，其表達(dá)為can' t have don杯可能做某事，故選B 項。【點睛】本題考查推測句對過去情況的肯定推測是must have done對過去情況的否定推測是can t/couldn t have done例如 :The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.He can t have finished his work, because he played basketbal

33、l all day yesterday.22 You be Carol. You haven t changed a bit after all these years.A mustB canC willD shall【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：你肯定是卡羅，這些年你一點也沒有變化。must 表示對現(xiàn)在的肯定推測； can 表示推測，表示可能性；will 表示意愿；shall 表示表示決心、命令或指示。根據(jù)下文 “這些年你一點用沒有改變”可知，前文表示肯定性推測。故選A?！军c睛】must 表推測 的用法 must 表 示很有把握的推測，其意為“一定會 ”“ 肯定會 ”，只用于

34、肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑問句。表示對現(xiàn)在或未來的情況作推測，后接動詞原形。You haveworked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦一整天，一定累了（對現(xiàn)在情況的推測判斷）Ididn ' t hear the phone. I must have be aslee瞰剛才沒有聽到電話，我想必是睡著了。23 - Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.-Thanks. You it. I could manage it myself.A needn t doB shouldn t have don

35、Ce mustn t do D needn t have done【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞辨析。句意: -凱瑟琳，我已經(jīng)為你打掃了房間。- - -謝謝。你本不必這么做的。我自己能行。 A. needn ' t d不必做某事；B. shouldn ' t have done不應(yīng)該做某事；C.mustn ' t d禁止做某事； D. needn ' t have done不必做某事。由 "Thanks. I could manage it myself何知，needn' t have done本不必做某事，而實際上做了某事”符合句意。

36、故選 D項。24 Peter searched all the places where hehave left her iPad but it was all in vain.A mightB wouldC mustD should【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞辨析。句意：彼得找遍了所有他可能放她的iPad 的地方，但都沒有找到。A.might 可能；B. would 將會；C. must 必須，一定； D. should 應(yīng)該。might have done 表示對發(fā)生過的事情的推測,意思是“可能已經(jīng)”或 “也許已經(jīng)”, 用于肯定句中。故選A。25 I my examination

37、 easily but I made too many stupid mistakes.A should passB could have passedD must have passedC had passed【答案】B【解析】 【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞+have done 的用法。句意為:我本來能夠輕松地通過這次考試的，但是我犯了太多愚蠢的錯誤。結(jié)合語境可知，此處考查虛擬語氣，且與過去的事實相反，應(yīng)用could/would/might have done 的結(jié)構(gòu)，could have passed 本能通過（事實上未通過），故選B 項?！军c睛】have done; could/couldn m

38、ight have done 例如：Without your help, I couldnIt cleared up, I needn本題考查情態(tài)動詞的過去式+have done 的虛擬語氣的用法，常見結(jié)構(gòu)有should/shouldn tt have dt have done/ would/wouldn t have done/ need/ neoenden/'t have passesd齦鼓病你的幫助，我本不能通過測試。t have brought the畫bre將,我本沒有必要帶傘的。26 May you live longer, grandpa! Thank you! It&#

39、39;s the favorite wish I .A should have waited forB must have waited forC may have waited forD could have waited for【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞+ 'have don的式。句意：一爺爺祝您長壽！一謝謝，這是我能夠等待到的最喜歡的愿望。A. should have waited for 本應(yīng)該等待；B. must have waited for 一定在等待；C. may have waited for 可能已經(jīng)等待；D. could have waited for

40、 可以已經(jīng)等待的。表示可以等到的愿望用could have waited for 。故選D?！军c睛】情態(tài)動詞have done 不僅是高中英語教學(xué)的重點和難點，也是高考的重點。情態(tài)動詞havedone 有兩大功能：一是表示推測；二是表示虛擬。must have done 過去一定做了某事，根據(jù)must 的本意即可推敲出意思，比較好理解。The lights were out. They must have been asleep. 燈滅了，他們應(yīng)該睡覺了。should have done本該做某事卻沒做，should是應(yīng)該，重點記憶最后的結(jié)果是沒做某事。You should have told

41、 her that you loved her.你本應(yīng)該告訴她你愛她。could have done 字面意思是可能已經(jīng)做了某事，也可用作本能做卻沒做某事，重點記憶最后的結(jié)果是沒做。You could have reviewed, but you played games all night. 你本可以復(fù)習(xí)的，但你一晚上都在玩 游戲。may have done 也許已經(jīng)做了某事。27 Jim what I said annoying though he didn t say anything. So you mean you will have to apologize to him?A mu

42、st findB might findC should have found D must have found【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查 must have done 結(jié)構(gòu)。句意： 吉姆一定覺得我說的話很讓人煩，盡管他什么也沒說。所以你是說你得向他道歉？根據(jù) "though he didn ' t say anythi麗知此處表示對過去事情的肯定推測，用must have done表示 過去一定做了 ；故D項正確。28 It's so cold here! Why haven't you turned on your air-conditioner? Well, it turn on.A shouldn'tB can'tC won'tD shan't【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意： 這里太冷了！你為什么不把空調(diào)打開呢？ 嗯，這個空調(diào)老是打不開。A. shouldn't 不應(yīng)該；B. can't 不能； C. won't