初中英語情態(tài)動詞課件

1、1. must1) 表示必須、必要。是說話人的主觀看法 You must come in time. 在回答引出的問句時，如果是否定的，不能用mustnt（禁止，不準），而用neednt, dont have to（不必）. - Must we hand in our exercise books today? - Yes, you must. - No, you dont have to / you neednt. 1. must2) 表示推測、可能性（只用于肯定的陳述句） 1 Youre Toms good friend, so you must know what he likes be

2、st. 2 Your mother must be waiting for you now. Might and may1) 表示請求和允許。might比 may語氣更委婉，而不是過去式 否定回答時可用cant 或mustnt，表示“不可以，禁止”。 -Might/ May I smoke in this room? - No, you mustnt.- May/Might I take this book out of the room? - Yes, you can. (No, you cant / mustnt. ) 用May I.？征徇對方許可時比較正式和客氣，而用Can I.？在口語

3、中更常見。 2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。May you succeed! 3) 表示推測、可能性（不用于疑問句）。 might不是過去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。 1He may /might be very busy now. 2Your mother may /might not know the truth. 三、can, could 1) 表示能力（體力、知識、技能）。Can you lift this heavy box?（體力）Mary can speak three languages.（知識）Can you skate?（技能） 此時可用be able to代替。Can只有一

4、般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去式；而be able to則有更多的時態(tài)。 Ill not be able to come this afternoon. 當表示“經過努力才得以做成功某事”時應用be able to，不能用Can。如： He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. 2) 表示請求和允許。 -Can I go now? - Yes, you can. / No, you cant. 此時可與may互換。在疑問句中還可用could, might代替，不是過去式，只是語氣更委婉，不能用于肯

5、定句和答語中。 - Could I come to see you tomorrow? - Yes, you can. ( No, Im afraid not. ) 3) 表推測可能性?？隙ň渲校篶an表示理論上的可能性；may表示事實上的可能性，如：In Yuyao, sometimes it can be really cold.Tom may go camping with us tomorrow, but he is not sure.否定句和疑問句中，只能用can表猜測可能性。Someone is knocking at the door, and who can it be?It

6、cant be Tom because he has gone to Beijing.四、 shall 1) shall 用于第一人稱，征求對方的意見。 What shall we do this evening? shall I clean the room for you? 2) shall 用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。 1. You shall fail if you dont work hard.(警告) 2. He shall have the book when I finish it.(允諾) 3. He shall be punished.(威脅

7、) 五. should1) 表示“應該”，常用來表示勸告、建議；認為“某人應該做某事”或“有義務責任做某事”。 We should obey traffic laws. You shouldnt watch TV every day。You shouldnt have made this kind of silly mistakes.Tom should have brought his report today.這時它可以和這時它可以和 ought to， be supposed to 互換使用互換使用 2) Should (ought to)表示推測時，是指有一定根據(jù)的推測，意為“可能、該

8、” -When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow, -They _ be ready by 12:003. 表示驚訝的語氣 You can never imagine such a gentleman should be so rude to a lady.六： will 和would1)表示意志或意愿：決心，愿意， We will do our best to save the child. 我們會盡力搶救這個孩子。 I told her to stop crying, but she just wouldnt listen. 我

9、叫她別哭,可她就是不愿聽。2)表示請求、建議或征求對方意見時，用Would you? 比用Will you?更婉轉。如： Will/Would you please keep the door open?請讓門開著好嗎？ Will/Would you go with me?你愿意和我一起去嗎?相關情態(tài)動詞 would like表示愿意I would like to have a word with you. 我想同你說句話。 would ratherthan寧愿也不愿I would rather fail than cheat in the examination. 我寧愿考不及格，也不愿意考

10、試作弊。七。need 1need作情態(tài)動詞無人稱或數(shù)的變化，后接動詞原形，多用于否定句和疑問句中。 如：Youneedntworry.你不必擔心 I neednt have brought the raincoat with me in such a sunny day yesterday. 2由need引出的一般疑問句，肯定回答常用must或haveto;否定答語常用neednt.如： NeedIanswerthequestion?我需要回答那個問題嗎？ Yes,youmust. -Yes,youhaveto.是的，你必須回答。 -No,youneednt./you dont have to

11、不，不必了。 由must引出的一般疑問句，肯定回答用must,否定答語用neednt或donthaveto。如： MustIdotheworknow?我必須現(xiàn)在干這個活嗎？ Yes,youmust/haveto. -No,youneednt/donthaveto. Need 做行為動詞 Need sth Need to do sth Need doing=need to be done表被動 否定： dont need八：dare 敢 通常用于疑問句、否定句或條件句中Dare you ask him?你敢問他嗎？She dare not go out alone. 她不敢單獨出去。 I don

12、t know whether he dare try. 我不知道他敢不敢試。注意： 1.有過去式dared。如： No one dared speak of it. 沒有人敢提及此事。 2. How dare you/he/she/they?表示說話人對某人的行為表示憤慨。如： How dare you ask me such a question?你怎敢問我這樣的問題? 3. I dare say表示“我相信，我認為，可能”。如： I dare say you are right. 我認為你是對的 作行為動詞：可用于各種句子中；在疑問句或否定句中，to經常被省略。如 Did anyone d

13、are (to) admit it?有人敢于承認嗎? He did not dare (to) leave his car there. 他不敢把車停放在那里。 If he dares to show up at her house Ill be surprised. 如果他敢出現(xiàn)在她的房子里，我會感到吃驚。注意點一： 表推測可能性：must, can, may, might, cant, couldnt -I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. - it _ true because there was little sn

14、ow where.二、表推測的用法 1. must have done過去肯定做了某事 Since the road is wet, it must have rained last night. 不存在 mustnt have done 的形式。其否定或疑問形式須用 can(could) 來表示. 例如： He cant have missed the way. I drew him a map. “The dictionary has disappeared. Who could have taken it?”may / might have done I cant find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday. 我找不到我的鑰匙了。我可能昨天把他們落在學校了。 John may/might not have passed the