初中英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句課件新

1、初中英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句課件新二、賓語(yǔ)從句三要素連連 接接 詞詞時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài)語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 序序（一）連接詞（一）連接詞3.連接代詞who whom whose what which4. 連接副詞when why where how。注：that 在句中無(wú)詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中往往省略e.g. I hear (that) _. （一小時(shí)后他會(huì)回來(lái)）一小時(shí)后他會(huì)回來(lái)）He said (that) _. （他非常想念我們）他非常想念我們）The teacher told us (that) _. 1. （地球圍著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)）地球圍著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)） he will be back in an hour he

2、missed us very much the earth moves around the sun注意：當(dāng)從句是客觀真理的時(shí)候，無(wú)論主句什么時(shí)態(tài)，從注意：當(dāng)從句是客觀真理的時(shí)候，無(wú)論主句什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)由從屬連詞由從屬連詞whether, if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句e.g. 1. Ask him _. （他是否能來(lái)）他是否能來(lái)）2. I dont know _.（是否要下雨）是否要下雨） whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or not當(dāng)句末為當(dāng)句末為or not時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用時(shí)，

3、引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.If 與與whether 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別I dont know _ he will come or not.I dont care of _ he is handsome.He wondered _ to stay here the next week._ he will come is not decided. 與與or not 連用只能用連用只能用whether介詞后只能用介詞后只能用whether與與to do 不定式連用只能用不定式連用只能用whether作主語(yǔ)只能用作主語(yǔ)只能用whether由連接代詞由連接代詞what, whom, wh

4、ose, which, what及連接及連接副詞副詞 when, where, how, why引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句when well have a meetingwhere he ishow I can get to the stationwhy the train is latewho could answer the question1. He asked _. (誰(shuí)能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題）誰(shuí)能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題）2. Do you know_. （他們?cè)诘日l(shuí)）他們?cè)诘日l(shuí)）3. Please tell me _. （我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)會(huì)）我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)會(huì)）4. Can you tell me _.

5、 （他在哪兒）他在哪兒）5. Could you tell me _. （我該怎么去車(chē)站）我該怎么去車(chē)站）6. Would you tell me _（為什么火車(chē)遲到了）為什么火車(chē)遲到了） whom they are waiting forif和和when還可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句還可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)主句為將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)主句為將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。lCould you tell me when he _?lCould you please call me when he _?l (arrive) lI really dont know if he _ (explain)

6、the problem to us though he has been asked for several times. lYou can paint your room blue if you _ (feel) upset. will arrive arriveswill explainfeel（二）語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序 即：陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)（主即：陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)（主+謂謂+其他成分）其他成分）將下列句子換成陳述句語(yǔ)序1.Is there a bank near here?2.Are they doing homework? 3. Did the bad news influence his mood?

7、 There is a bank near here. They are doing homework. The bad news influenced his mood. 將下列問(wèn)句變成陳述句。 1. Can he swim ? swim . 2. Does he have a pen ? a pen . 3. Which place did he go to ? Which place . 4. Whats wrong with you ? . 5. What happened to you ? . 6. Which is the way to the station? . 想一想想一想

8、為什么4，5，6 語(yǔ)序不變？ He canHe hashe went toWhat happened to youWhats wrong with you 說(shuō)一說(shuō)將上面的句子置于一個(gè)主句后，變成一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。說(shuō)一說(shuō)將上面的句子置于一個(gè)主句后，變成一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。 Which is the way to the station Can you tell me/I want to know/I wonder/Please tell me?e.g. Can you tell me if/whether he can swim?l（三）時(shí)態(tài)三）時(shí)態(tài)(時(shí)態(tài)一致性）時(shí)態(tài)一致性）l1. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)

9、在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從 句的時(shí)句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來(lái)確定，可以是態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來(lái)確定，可以是_時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)。I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow.lDo you know when Mr. Smith moved here?任任 何何四四.賓語(yǔ)從句中時(shí)態(tài)的變化賓語(yǔ)從句中時(shí)態(tài)的變化I hear (that)Jim ( be ) a worker two years ago.Jim ( be ) an English teacher now . Jim (

10、cook ) dinner tomorrow .Jim ( sing )a popular song now.Jim ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . Jim ( play ) basketball when his father came back. Jim ( learn )1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester. 填一填填一填wasiswill cookis singinghas beenwas playinghad learned1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)

11、從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。（需要性原則）（需要性原則）l2. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用相應(yīng)的如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用相應(yīng)的_時(shí)態(tài)（一般過(guò)去時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)（一般過(guò)去時(shí)， 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)， 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。例如：過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。例如：lHe told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.lHe said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 過(guò)去過(guò)去2.2.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓

12、語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。（呼應(yīng)性原則）一致。（呼應(yīng)性原則）1) He will go to Hong Kong .2) He is sick.3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.1) He to Hong Kong .2) He sick.3) He a book . 4) HeHe said辨一辨辨一辨would go waswas reading his work.had finishe

13、d 確定從句的時(shí)態(tài)(根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài))主句時(shí)態(tài)主句時(shí)態(tài)從從 句句 時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài)連連 接接 前前連連 接接 后后一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)保持不變時(shí)態(tài)保持不變一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)l3. 如果賓語(yǔ)從句所陳述的是客觀真理，即使主句用如果賓語(yǔ)從句所陳述的是客觀真理，即使主句用了過(guò)去時(shí)，從句仍用了過(guò)去時(shí)，從句仍用 _ 時(shí)態(tài)。例如：時(shí)態(tài)。例如： The teacher said that the earth move

14、s around the sun.一般現(xiàn)在一般現(xiàn)在 3. 3.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存在的真理時(shí)，就不用受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般在的真理時(shí)，就不用受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。（特殊性原則）現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。（特殊性原則）He told me (that)Summer is after Spring .I was told (that)the sun is much bigger than the moon. My parents told me (that) no news is good news.比一比比一比l三 、

15、賓語(yǔ)從句與簡(jiǎn)單句的轉(zhuǎn)換（一）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且主句的謂語(yǔ)一）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞是hope, wish, decide, agree, choose 等時(shí)，從句等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: (1) I hope that I can receive your e-mail. I hope to receive your e-mail (2) He has decided that he should improve his study skills. He has decided to improve his

16、study skills. (二）二）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且主句當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know, remember, forget, learn 等時(shí)，等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞+不定式不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: (3) She doesnt know what she should do next. She doesnt know_.what to do nextwhat to do next(三）當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是三）當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是ask, tell, show, teach 等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化

17、為“疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞+不定式不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: (4) Will you please show me how I can work it out? Will you please show me _. how to work it outhow to work it out(四）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)為祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，四）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)為祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用用ask/tell/order Sb. (not) to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: (5)A: Please be quiet. B: What did Bill say? A: He asked us to be quie

18、t. (6) Dont trouble me he said to me. He told me not to trouble him. 四、否定轉(zhuǎn)移 在含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)為第一人在含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(chēng)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是稱(chēng)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是thinkthink， believe, guess, suppose believe, guess, suppose等時(shí)，等時(shí)，要將從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用否定要將從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用否定式，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)式，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)用肯定式。 eg: (5)I dont thi

19、nk he will come with you. 注意：這種句子在其后接附加問(wèn)句時(shí)，要特別小心。 eg: (6) I dont believe he has finished the work, _? (7) He knew why Jim wasnt at school , _? 解析：例6，當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(chēng)時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)由賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)充當(dāng)。 例7，如果主句的主語(yǔ)非第一人稱(chēng)句的主語(yǔ)非第一人稱(chēng)時(shí)，則附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ) 由主句的主語(yǔ)充當(dāng)由主句的主語(yǔ)充當(dāng)。has hehas hedidnt hedidnt he.Find out the mistakes

20、and correct them.1 Could you tell me where do they live? 2 She knew that Danny is a student.3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn. 4 Do you know who car it is? wasiswhose六六. .課堂檢測(cè)課堂檢測(cè)Do you know _?A. where does she live B. she lives whereC. where she lives D. where she live2. His parents w

21、anted to know what he _at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will doCB鞏固練習(xí)：鞏固練習(xí)：I從下列從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)填空。中選擇一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)填空。4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _? what Lily was B. what was Lily C. where Lily was D. where was LilyA.C3.We dont know _. - It is sa

22、id that he was born in Canada. what he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives hereA. C5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travell

23、ed ACl7. Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow?l A. if B. weather C. what D. whichlA8. Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave BeijingB. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing CII.改錯(cuò)：1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for sc

24、hool._Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east._Father told me the sun always rises in the east.3.He doesnt know that when she can come back._He doesnt know when she can come back.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)Tom says tha