BEC中級(jí)商務(wù)報(bào)告寫作講義--精選文檔

1、 中級(jí)商務(wù)報(bào)告寫作1. 什么是商務(wù)報(bào)告商務(wù)報(bào)告是指針對(duì)某種特殊的、有意義的商務(wù)目的，向一個(gè)人或多個(gè)人提供的公正、客觀和有計(jì)劃的事實(shí)陳述。報(bào)告中所陳述的事實(shí)必須與事件、條件、質(zhì)量、進(jìn)展、結(jié)果、問題或提議的解決方案有關(guān)，幫助當(dāng)事人了解復(fù)雜的商業(yè)情況，計(jì)劃進(jìn)程，解決問題，使上級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)就一系列事件做出決策。通常是根據(jù)上司的要求，由下級(jí)向上級(jí)呈報(bào)。 2. 商務(wù)報(bào)告種類事件調(diào)查報(bào)告（Investigative Reports）意見調(diào)查報(bào)告（Survey Reports）年度報(bào)告（Annual Report）、月度報(bào)告（Monthly Reports）、周報(bào)告（Weekly Reports）進(jìn)展報(bào)告（Prog

2、ress Reports）市場調(diào)查報(bào)告（Market Research Reports）可行性研究報(bào)告（Feasibility Reports）。 3. 商務(wù)英語報(bào)告寫作的總體原則 內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)確無誤（Accurate）、簡明扼要（Brief），結(jié)構(gòu)清晰（Clear），建議明確果斷（Decisive），故簡稱ABCD原則。具體內(nèi)容如下：內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)確無誤：報(bào)告的正確性不僅僅是指英語語法、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和拼寫，更重要的是其內(nèi)容要敘述的正確。報(bào)告的事實(shí)陳述部分既不能因嘩眾取寵而夸大其詞，也不能因其涉及的令人不愉快的消息而低調(diào)陳述。實(shí)事求是、準(zhǔn)確無誤是報(bào)告寫作的重要原則。 · 內(nèi)容簡明扼要：報(bào)告的長短一般取

3、決于報(bào)告的內(nèi)容及其正式程度。正式報(bào)告篇幅一般較長，而非正式報(bào)告則較短。不論何種報(bào)告，報(bào)告的語言必須簡潔、流暢，切忌陳詞濫調(diào)。一份拖沓冗長的報(bào)告不僅寫時(shí)費(fèi)力，對(duì)方閱讀更浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。撰寫商務(wù)英語報(bào)告時(shí)要盡量避免羅嗦，用盡可能較少的文字，完整、清楚地表達(dá)需要表達(dá)的意。結(jié)構(gòu)清晰明了：用數(shù)字、符號(hào)標(biāo)明段落、層次、要點(diǎn)等，加強(qiáng)邏輯性，使讀者一目了然。建議明確果斷：多數(shù)報(bào)告都有結(jié)論和建議部分，是報(bào)告的核心。撰寫時(shí)，應(yīng)確保報(bào)告的結(jié)論和建議是經(jīng)過充分論證而得出的，而且應(yīng)明確果斷，切忌模棱兩可。 連接性詞語和表達(dá)Adding ideasFurthermore/ Moreover/ In addition, also

4、, as well as, Contrasting ideasHowever, ，Although ., . .Despite/ In spite of，while / whereas，On the other hand, in contrast, on the contrary, Making comparisonsBoth./ Neither ，Like/Unlike，Likewise, similarly, be similar to, the same as, compared with/to Linking cause and effectBecause of/ as a resul

5、t of/ due to/thanks to /owing to，This means，leads to/ results in，Consequently, ，As a result, ，therefore, otherwise, as, because, since, now that Examplesfor example, for instance, such as, take for exampleEmphasis in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, ab

6、ove all,Summary 概括、歸納in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, As we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion 4. 商務(wù)英語報(bào)告的四步寫作法 在撰寫報(bào)告之前，應(yīng)做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。因此，撰寫者不妨應(yīng)先回答以下幾個(gè)問題： · 報(bào)告的目的：為什么寫這份報(bào)告？ · 報(bào)

7、告的讀者：誰是報(bào)告的讀者？他（們）知道什么信息？他（們）需要什么信息？ · 報(bào)告的素材：撰寫這份報(bào)告需要收集哪些信息？到哪里去收集這些信息？ · 報(bào)告的結(jié)構(gòu)：如何構(gòu)思報(bào)告？如何做到報(bào)告結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，便于讀者閱讀？是否需要自己設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告的格式還是公司有現(xiàn)成的格式可以參照？ · 報(bào)告的寫作期限：報(bào)告何時(shí)須上交？ 回答完以上問題后，可以按照以下四個(gè)步驟進(jìn)行運(yùn)作：1）.收集信息（Collecting Information）：收集信息可以采取口頭或書面形式?？陬^形式包括面對(duì)面溝通或電話溝通獲取信息等；書面形式指的是用辦公室便函（Memos）、電子郵件（Emails）、問卷調(diào)查（

8、Questionnaires）等手段向公司內(nèi)部或外部索取信息。此外，查閱公司的相關(guān)材料（如產(chǎn)品目錄、價(jià)格單等）也屬于書面收集信息形式。 2）.謀篇布局（Planning the structure）：確定報(bào)告寫作的目的，對(duì)收集到的信息進(jìn)行整理、分類，刪除無關(guān)信息。然后按照信息的重要程度進(jìn)行合理排列，列成提綱。若需要擺放插圖或圖表，也應(yīng)在這一階段確定其在報(bào)告中的位置。3）.撰寫草稿（Writing the draft）：撰寫報(bào)告的各個(gè)部分，各部分的具體內(nèi)容在本文第四部分詳細(xì)講解。4).校對(duì)編輯（Proofreading and editing）：校對(duì)編輯報(bào)告寫作的最后一個(gè)過程也是極其重要的一個(gè)過

9、程，很遺憾這一過程往往被人忽視。撰寫人寫完草稿后應(yīng)對(duì)報(bào)告進(jìn)行全面檢查，檢查的具體內(nèi)容包括兩方面：一是語言，包括語法、拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、語言風(fēng)格等；二是信息，包括數(shù)據(jù)、圖表、觀點(diǎn)等。檢查后，應(yīng)對(duì)報(bào)告進(jìn)行編輯，盡量做到報(bào)告便于讀者閱讀。 5. 商務(wù)英語報(bào)告的寫作語氣 一般而言，報(bào)告大多由下屬寫給上司，使用的語言多為正式。此外，報(bào)告的內(nèi)容和篇幅也決定了其寫作語氣比商務(wù)信函要正式的多。在撰寫商務(wù)英語報(bào)告的過程中，可以適當(dāng)多使用一些能提高語言正式度英語語法結(jié)構(gòu)。具體而言如下：1）使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，如：The e-Source message will be delivered to the target au

10、dience multiple times through multiple avenues.2）使用復(fù)雜詞匯，如：The training system incorporates (includes) many visual aids.3）使用長句子，如：The content and message of the kit will be similar to that sent toconventional outlets, but will be tailored to electronic media and will either be e-mailed tothe Webmaste

11、r or sent in hard copy and on a diskette.4）使用名詞短語，如：The rectification of this problem can be achieved by insertion of a wedge.5) 使用非人物主語，如：Putting a copy of this CD-ROM in the hands of editors of targeted publications will allow them to see for themselves the features of the State Computer Store. 6)

12、 使用分詞短語，如：Armed with this information, our customers will be able to identify trends and make strategic decisions in accordance with their agencys goals. 7) 使用動(dòng)詞不定式，如：To streamline the internal approval process, we can e-mail our quote to our purchasing agent for budget approval. 8) 使用介詞短語，如：With co

13、nvenient access to Web Services in our online Electronic Product and Pricing Catalog & Order Tracking and Status System, customers can generate sales and service reports upon demand. 6. 商務(wù)英語報(bào)告結(jié)構(gòu) 一般來說，商務(wù)英語報(bào)告的常見構(gòu)成部分有：摘要（Executive Summary）、標(biāo)題（Title）、導(dǎo)言（Introduction/ Terms of Reference）、材料收集方法（Metho

14、dology/Proceedings）、調(diào)查結(jié)果（Findings）、結(jié)論（Conclusions）、建議（Recommendations）、附錄（Appendices）等。 但是BEC中級(jí)商務(wù)報(bào)告寫作主要結(jié)構(gòu)為：title, introduction, fact and findings, conclusion, recommendations. 1) 標(biāo)題（Title） always give the report an overall title；use abbreviations for the name to reduce the number of words.報(bào)告的標(biāo)題應(yīng)盡可能概

15、括報(bào)告的內(nèi)容，因?yàn)樗钦獔?bào)告的信息濃縮，而且標(biāo)題應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)確、客觀，不應(yīng)像報(bào)刊文章標(biāo)題那樣為了吸引讀者的注意力而別出心裁。此外，標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是名詞短語或動(dòng)名詞短語。如以下幾例：Report on suitability of Executive Relocation Services (ERS)Report on the Proposed Incentive SchemeReport on the Adoption of Flex-time Working Systems 2) 導(dǎo)言（Introduction/ Terms of Reference）use standard phrases 在導(dǎo)言部

16、分，扼要地說明一下報(bào)告的寫作背景和主旨。此外，還應(yīng)該注明報(bào)告提交給何人、何時(shí)提交的。如果是事件調(diào)查報(bào)告應(yīng)首先說明事件的經(jīng)過，包括事件發(fā)生的日期、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、情況敘述等。以下是導(dǎo)言部分寫作的常見句型：n The purpose/ aim/ objective of this report is to investigate/ evaluate/ assess/ study/ estimaten This report aims to recommend/ analyze/ give ; n This report sets out to n Mr. X has asked me to repor

17、t to investigate / evaluate / study / recommend / analyze / give feedback / estimate / assess 重復(fù)題目n As requested by 某人/某部門, I am submitting the following report about 重復(fù)題目中的目的。n Upon request of 某人/某部門，.n As you或者某人，某部門 requested on November 12, I am submitting the following report on 重復(fù)題目n Here is t

18、he report concerning 重復(fù)題目要求n We have done a survey showing that 重復(fù)題目要求，或者直接開始闡述數(shù)據(jù)或者信息。3）調(diào)查結(jié)果（Findings） 報(bào)告的調(diào)查結(jié)果部分是報(bào)告建議的依據(jù)，其內(nèi)容應(yīng)當(dāng)準(zhǔn)確無誤，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，語言流暢、銜接。這部分內(nèi)容的每一個(gè)段落都應(yīng)當(dāng)有一個(gè)明確的主題句，一般放在段首，這樣便于讀者攝取這部分的信息。以下是這部分主題句寫作的常見句型： ü It was proposed/ found/ felt/ discovered that ü According to the recent market r

19、esearch / investigation / survey / the chart above / the table above / undertaken, ü The findings of the investigation indicate that ü clearly show(s) that ü The recent visit/investigation/survey showed that ü It was generally the case that ü Most people thought/suggested th

20、at ü A number of people mentioned that ü Several changes were put forward. ü Several staff members expressed the view that 若報(bào)告中需提供圖表統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)或描述行情走勢(shì)，撰寫人應(yīng)當(dāng)熟悉這方面寫作的常用句型，以下就是該方面寫作的一些典型句子結(jié)構(gòu)：1. The table/chart/graph/diagram/figure/statistics shows/describes/illustrates that 2. As it can be seen

21、 from the table/chart/figure 3. It is clear/apparent from the table/chart/graph/diagram/figure/statistics that 4. The number ofincreased/jumped/rose suddenly/rapidly/dramatically fromto 5. The number ofdecreased/dropped/fell greatly/significantly sharply fromto 6. The number offluctuated slowly/slig

22、htly betweento 7. The number ofremained steady/stable (stayed the same) betweento 8. There was a (very) sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant increase/jump/rise in the number of fromto 9. There was a (very) sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slight decrease/drop/fall in the 10. The monthly profit/figures p

23、eaked in December at 10%. 11. The monthly profit/figures reached a peak/a high (point) in December at 10%. 12. The monthly profit/figures bottomed out in December at 10%. 13. Sales witnessed a great rise/increase/drop/fall betweento 4）結(jié)論（Conclusions） One sentence 報(bào)告的結(jié)論部分是寫報(bào)告的人在報(bào)告調(diào)查結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上是對(duì)調(diào)查結(jié)果進(jìn)行總結(jié)和解

24、釋。同一調(diào)查結(jié)果會(huì)因?yàn)樽珜懻叩牟煌贸霾煌慕Y(jié)論，但這部分不應(yīng)當(dāng)包括報(bào)告前文中沒有提到的新的信息。 1. It was concluded/ decided/ agreed/ felt that2. No conclusions were reached regarding the 3. In conclusion/ On balance, 4. According to the findings above, it can be concluded that 5. From the table shown, it can be concluded that6. Therefore, it

25、can be concluded that 5）建議（Recommendations） one sentence建議往往是許多商務(wù)報(bào)告寫作的最重要部分。一份報(bào)告有效程度常常取決于報(bào)告中所提供的建議的質(zhì)量高低。建議部分主要內(nèi)容為報(bào)告撰寫人在經(jīng)過充分的論證后認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)采取的措施或行動(dòng)。報(bào)告人有時(shí)也會(huì)描述采取措施后可能出現(xiàn)的后果或情形。注意，recommendation以及recommend后面要用動(dòng)詞原形（虛擬語氣）。1. It was recommended/ proposed/ suggested that 2. we would recommend that 3. The following

26、are the recommendations 4. It would be advisable to 5. Based on the conclusion / analysis above, we recommend that / it can concluded that 6. With reference to the advantages stated above, the following recommendations can be made,7. With reference to the facts above, the following recommendations c

27、an be made,8. On the basis of the results, I have the following recommendations9. On the basis of the analysis, it is reasonable to have the following recommendations:如果需要進(jìn)一步拓展，可以描述一下建議實(shí)施后可預(yù)期的進(jìn)展或者景象。具體說法是，建議結(jié)束之后，so that 或者 thus 7. 注意事項(xiàng)： 1). Always give the report an overall title.2). Use abbreviatio

28、ns for names to reduce the number of the words. 3). The report needs to be divided into sections. Each section requires a suitable heading. 4). One paragraph, one idea.5). Where possible, use standard phrases, linking words to connect ideas. 6). Use formal language and no short forms.7). Keep introd

29、uctions, conclusions and recommendations to just one sentence. 8). Pay attention to words limit. 9). Use bullet points to make the content clear and easy to read. 下面為一份非正式報(bào)告的兩種形式，毋庸置疑，右邊經(jīng)過編輯后的版本結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、層次分明，內(nèi)容清楚、一目了然，其格式不論是對(duì)寫正式報(bào)告還是非正式報(bào)告都值得借鑒。Proposed Incentive Scheme Mr. John Smith, Office Manager, has

30、 asked me to write this report on a proposed incentive scheme offering rewards, possibly financial, to members of staff for money-saving ideas or ways to improve work practices. A sample of workers was individually asked for their opinions. The following is the findings: most thought the incentive s

31、cheme was a good idea; most preferred financial rewards; some suggested time off instead; A few thought this was a management area. In general most workers were in favor of an incentive scheme offering financial rewards. It is recommended that the scheme be introduced. Richard Stewart March 18, 20 R

32、eport on A Proposed Incentive Scheme Terms of Reference: Mr. John Smith, Office Manager, has asked me to write this report on a proposed incentive scheme offering rewards, possibly financial, to members of staff for money-saving ideas or ways to improve work practices. Proceedings: A sample of worke

33、rs was individually asked for their opinions. Findings: u Most thought the incentive scheme was a good idea. u Most preferred financial rewards. u Some suggested time off instead. u A few thought this was a management area. Conclusions: In general most workers were in favor of an incentive scheme offering financial rewards. Recommendations: It is recommended that the scheme be introduced. Richard Stewart March 18, 20-Assignment: l You work for a company that sells electrical goods. You have r