英語七年級下冊 Units 11-12語法歸納

1、.人教版 英語 七年級下冊 Units 11-12語法歸納一、學習目的1. 一般過去時的用法2. 一般過去時的句式3. 一般過去時的標志詞4. 一般過去時中動詞過去式的構成二、重點、難點一般過去時的句式【語法學習】1. 一般過去時的用法1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。2一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復發(fā)生的動作?！纠洹縃e was not at home yesterday. 昨天他沒在家。I often practiced the guitar last year. 去年我經(jīng)常練習吉他?！究碱}鏈接】1. What did you do yesterday evening?

2、I _ my homework.A. do B. did C. does D. am doing答案：B思路分析：根據(jù)問句句意“昨天晚上你做了什么？可知答語的動作發(fā)生在過去，即：昨天晚上，故應用一般過去時態(tài)。閱讀各選項可知B項表示過去時態(tài)，是do的過去式。2. The boy often_ for his tests last year.A. study B. studied C. studies D. studyed 答案：B思路分析：句中雖然有often，但不能用一般如今時，因為句末有表示過去的時間狀語last year；本句表示過去經(jīng)常性、習慣性的動作；study的過去式為studied

3、，應選B項。句意為“去年這男孩經(jīng)常為測試而學習。2. 一般過去時的句式一般過去時有兩種謂語動詞，一種是系動詞be，另一種是實義動詞。1主語+was/ were +其他。2主語+實義動詞的過去式+其他。【考點1】含系動詞be的否認句、疑問句：1否認句：主語+was/were +not +其他.2一般疑問句：Was/Were+主語+其他？簡單肯定答復：Yes,主語+was/were.簡單否認答復：No,主語+wasnt/werent.3特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句？【例句】They werent at home last Sunday. 上周日他們沒在家。Were they at home la

4、st Sunday? 他們上周日在家嗎？Yes, they were. / No, they werent. 是的，他們在。/不，他們沒在?！究键c2】含有實義動詞的否認句、疑問句：1否認句：主語+ didnt did not +動詞原形+其他.2一般疑問句：Did +主語+動詞原形+其他？簡單肯定答復：Yes,主語+did.簡單否認答復：No,主語+didnt.3特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句？【例句】They didnt live in Shanghai last year. 去年他們沒有住在上海。Did they live in Shanghai last year? 去年他們住在上海嗎？

5、Yes, they did. / No, they didnt. 是的。/ 不，沒有。When did they live in Shanghai? 他們什么時候住在上海？【考題鏈接】1. Paul and I _ tennis yesterday. He did better than I.A. play B. to play C. played D. are playing答案：C思路分析：根據(jù)題干中的yesterday可知時態(tài)用一般過去時，應選C項。句意為“昨天我和保羅打網(wǎng)球了。他打得比我好。2. What did Mr. Smith do before he came to China

6、? He _in a car factory.A. worked B. works C. is working D. will work答案：A思路分析：閱讀題干可知問句是一般過去時，故答語也用一般過去時。應選A項。3. Hello! Im very glad to see you. When _ you_ here?A. did; arrive B. will; arrive C. have; arrived D. are; arriving答案：A思路分析：從Im very glad to see you. “很快樂在這里見到你。可知問的是“過去什么時候“到達的，故答案選A項，是一般過去時

7、。4. How was your trip to Hangzhou, Jim? Great! We _ to Xixi National Wetland Park. A. go B. am going C. will go D. went 答案：D思路分析：根據(jù)問句中的was可知是問“過去的杭州之旅，故答語用一般過去時。句意為“去杭州的旅行怎樣，吉姆？太棒了！我們去了西溪國家濕地公園。5. _ he at home just now?No, he _.A. Is; isnt B. Was; was C. Is; is D. Was; wasnt答案：D思路分析：時間狀語just now意為“剛

8、剛，是一般過去時的標志詞；故A，C項不符合語法；根據(jù)答語中的no可知是否認句，應選D項。句意為“剛剛他在家嗎？不，不在。. 將以下句子改為否認句、一般疑問句并作肯定及否認答復1. Nancy was in the zoo yesterday morning.否認句：_一般疑問句：_肯定及否認答復：_2. I did my homework last night.否認句：_一般疑問句：_肯定及否認答復：_答案：1. Nancy wasnt in the zoo yesterday morning.Was Nancy in the zoo yesterday morning?Yes, she wa

9、s. / No, she wasnt.2. I didnt do my homework last night.Did you do your homework last night?Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 句型轉換1. Sally was with her friend last night. 改為否認句Sally _ _with her friend last night.2. Frank read an interesting book about history. 改為一般疑問句_ Frank _an interesting book about hist

10、ory?3. Thomas spent 10 yuan on this book. 改為否認句Thomas _ _10 yuan on this book.4. Did he study English well? 改為陳述句He _ English well.5. My family went to the beach last week. 對畫線部分提問_ _ _family _last week?答案：1. was not 2. Did; read 3. didnt spend 4. studied 5. Where did your; go【考點3】一般過去時中動詞過去式的構成：1規(guī)那

11、么變化變化規(guī)那么例詞讀音一般直接在動詞詞尾加-ed。work worked清輔音后面讀/t/； 元音、濁輔音后面讀/d/；/t/, /d/后面讀作/d/。以不發(fā)音的e結尾的動詞，在詞尾加-d。use used以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞，先變y為i，再加-ed。worry worried末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ed。stop stopped2不規(guī)那么變化不規(guī)那么動詞無一定的變化規(guī)那么，需要加強記憶不規(guī)那么動詞的過去式表。buy bought; find found; sing sang【例句】I stopped to have a rest. 我停下來去休息。

12、He drove to work yesterday. 昨天他開車上的班?！究碱}鏈接】1. He _ a book but I cleaned the room.A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read答案：A思路分析：but連接并列句，后句用的是動詞的過去式，故前半部分也用動詞的過去式；read的過去式形式為read。應選A項。2. We were in Beijing last week and _ great fun there.A. will have B. have C. has D. had答案：D思路分析：last week意為“上周，時態(tài)應用

13、一般過去時；have的過去式為had，應選D項。【考點4】一般過去時的標志詞：1 yesterdaymorning, evening, afternoon, the day before yesterday等。2 last year month, term, week, night等。3 two days ago, a moment agojust now, three years ago 等。4 in +表示過去的時間點：in 2019等。【例句】Yesterday afternoon they played football. 昨天下午他們踢足球了。They moved to Jinan

14、in 2019. 在2019年他們搬到濟南去了?！究碱}鏈接】1. _ last year?I was 13.A. How old are you B. How old you are C. How old were you D. How old you were答案：C思路分析：根據(jù)答語“我13歲可知問句詢問“你去年多大？特殊疑問句由特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句構成，故排除B，D兩項；根據(jù)last year可知時態(tài)用一般過去時，排除A項。2. She _ a letter to her friend yesterday.A. write B. wrote C. writed D. writes答案：

15、B思路分析：根據(jù)yesterday可知時態(tài)用一般過去時；write的過去式為wrote，應選B項。用括號中所給動詞的適當形式填空1. My father and I _visit Uncle Wang last Saturday.2. Where did you go?I _go to the mountains.3. We _be happy to see my friend yesterday.4. John often _do his homework in the evening last month.5. How was your weekend, Jack?It _be borin

16、g.6. Tina _buy a new dictionary 2 days ago.7. My mother _wake me up just now.8. It _be sunny and hot last week.9. The boys _fly kites last Sunday afternoon.10. My sister often _read books in the morning. But now she _read.答案：1. visited 2. went 3. were 4. did 5. was 6. bought 7. woke 8. was 9. flew 10. reads; is reading期末復習：知識點歸納一、預習新知1. 寫出以下單詞的含義visit_; enjoy_; spend_; another_; worry _;hear_; surprise_2. 以下短語的意思，你還記得嗎？a little_; in the end_; would like_; be intere