閱讀語法課講義lesson

1、：FIONA托福：托福閱讀Tina語法課·第期Day1基礎(chǔ)語法1：形容詞、副詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Day2階語法1：名詞性從句1 Day3階語法2：名詞性從句2 &Day4語階語法3：名詞性從句3 & 強(qiáng)調(diào)句Day5階語法4：獨(dú)主格 & 虛擬語：FIONA托福：托福閱讀TinaDay3高階語法2：名詞性從2 &語態(tài)主語從和賓語從 20、回顧復(fù)合句=主句+從句名詞性從句1. 主語從句2. 賓語從句3. 同位語從句4. 表語從句主語從賓語從同位語從主表語從定語從狀語從：FIONA托福：托福閱讀Tina主語主語從句1. Difficulty makes you str

2、onger.2. What doesnt kill you makes you stronger.賓語賓語從句1. I know the story.2. I know that you cant be beaten.3. Thorpe found that, if he raised young malesin total isolationfrom all others, the song they produced was quite different fromthat of a normal adult.、練習(xí)1. 改錯(cuò) It is you which decides your fu

3、ture. I do not believe what our future has already been decided. Expensive restaurants do not let in people who clothing is untidy. I would like to build a small house that I can live with my family. Scientists wonder why we will have another ice age in thefuture or not.：FIONA托福：托福閱讀Tina There is no

4、 room for doubt that modern technology hasincreased peoples quality of life.2. 翻譯練習(xí)【主語從句 or 賓語從句】 們認(rèn)為他們可以利假期從?；钪蝎@得刻休息。 你是富有還是貧窮不能決定你的價(jià)值。 科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)在研究做什么可以阻全球變暖。 許多都不清楚絡(luò)有多嚴(yán)重。母教導(dǎo)我不應(yīng)該利他。 個(gè)好師應(yīng)該做的是勵(lì)他的學(xué)努嘗試。：FIONA托福：托福閱讀Tina語態(tài) 40語態(tài)的be+done ()填空練習(xí) Since the first space mission, many communication satellites. (

5、launch) Yesterday, Peter(give) a ticket for speeding. New officers(elect) by our club when we hold our next meeting. By the time the applicant makes up his mind, theoffer.(cancel)一般時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)時(shí)態(tài)完成時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在am/is/are+askedam/is/are+being askedhas/have+been asked過去was/were+askedwas/were+being askedhad been+asked將來s

6、hall/will+be askedshall/will+have been asked過去將來should/would+be askedshould/would+have been asked：FIONA托福：托福閱讀Tina閱讀分析The public authorities made efforts to take bolder action to ensure the supply of fresh water from this parallel source and a number ofprojectsweresuggestedduringthefourteenthandfift

7、eenthcenturies to channel river water and even to construct an aqueduct.Similar reasoning suggested that one could estimate total elapsed geologic time by dividing the average thickness of sediment transported annually to the oceans into the total thickness ofsedimentary rock that had ever been depo

8、sited in the past.As a result, Earths surface has been continually changedand eroded inticate systems of river valleysaremarkable contrast to the surfaces of other planetarybodies where impact craters dominate.：FIONA托福：托福閱讀Tina語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別造句練習(xí)1.形式上的區(qū)別這房被包圍了。 這房四周都是樹。2. 時(shí)態(tài)上的區(qū)別這窗戶是凱特昨天打破的。：FIONA托福：托福閱讀T

9、ina這塊是3. 句中狀語這劇本是常地寫出來的。這劇本寫得很好。4. 過去分詞鋼筆不見了。太陽升起來了。閱讀分析The amazing capabilityof mynahs hasapparentlyarisen simplybecause birds in an area learn a small number of their calls from each other, males from males and females from females, and thesecalls are highly varied in structure.：FIONA托福：托福閱讀TinaIf

10、 a branch is not producing enough carbohydrate to cover its own running costsi.e., it needs to be subsidized by other branches because, for example, it is being shaded and receives little lightit will usually be got rid of.In this situation, branches are shed in the same way as foliage in autumn by

11、the prior formation of a corky layer that leaves the wound sealed over with cork, which in turn is under-grown withwood the following year.Because of this difference, foraging modes may alternate at successive levels in the food chain: insects that move about may be captured by lizards that are sit-

12、and-wait foragers, and those lizards may be eaten by active predators, whereas insects that are sedentary are more likely to be discovered by lizards that are active foragers, and those lizards may be caught by sit-and-waitpredators.：FIONA托福：托福閱讀Tina名詞性從參考、練習(xí)1. 改錯(cuò) It is you who decides your future.

13、I do not believe that our future has already been decided. Expensive restaurants do not let in people whose clothing is untidy. I would like to build a small house where I can live with my family. Scientists wonder whether we will have another ice age in the future or not. There is no room for doubt

14、 that modern technology has increased peoples quality of life. 2. 翻譯練習(xí)【主語從句 or 賓語從句】們認(rèn)為他們可以利假期從?；钪蝎@得刻休息。People think that they have vacations to take breaks from their daily routines. 你是富有還是貧窮不能決定你的價(jià)值。Whether you are rich or poor does not determine your worth. 科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)在研究做什么可以阻全球變暖。Scientists have stu

15、died what can be done to stop global warming. 許多都不清楚絡(luò)有多嚴(yán)重。Many people do not know how serious Internet crimes are.母教導(dǎo)我不應(yīng)該利他。My parents told me that I should not take advantage of others. 個(gè)好師應(yīng)該做的是勵(lì)他的學(xué)努嘗試。What a good teacher should do is to encourage his students to try harder.語態(tài)練習(xí)填空練習(xí)Since the first

16、space mission, many communication satellites_had been launched_. (launch)Yesterday, Peter_was given(give) a ticket for speeding.New officerswill be elected(elect) by our club when we hold our next meeting.By the time the applicant makes up his mind, the offer_will have been cancelled_.(cancel)：FIONA

17、托福：托福閱讀Tina閱讀分析【識別語The public authorities made efforts to take bolder action to ensure the supply of fresh water from this parallel source and a number of projects were suggested during the fourteenth and fifteenthcenturies to channel river water and even to construct an aqueduct.Similar reasoning s

18、uggested that one could estimate total elapsed geologic time by dividing theaverage thickness of sediment transported annually to the oceans into the total thickness of sedimentary rock that had ever been deposited in the past.As a result, Earths surface has been continually changed and eroded intic

19、ate systems ofriver valleysa remarkable contrast to the surfaces of other planetary bodies where impact cratersdominate.語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別造句練習(xí)1. 形式上的區(qū)別 這房被包圍了。This house was surrounded by the 這房四周都是樹。This house was surrounded by trees.2. 時(shí)態(tài)上的區(qū)別 這窗戶是凱特昨天打破的。The window was broken by Kate yesterday. 這塊是破的。This

20、 glass is broken.3. 句中狀語 這劇本是常地寫出來的。The play was written with great care.：FIONA托福：托福閱讀Tina 這劇本寫得很好。The play is well written.4. 過去分詞鋼筆不見了。My pen is gone. 太陽升起來了。The sun is risen.閱讀分析The amazing capability of mynahs has apparently arisen simply because birds in an area learn a small number of their ca

21、lls from each other, males from males and females from females, and thesecalls are highly varied in structure. 系表結(jié)構(gòu)-表狀態(tài)If a branch is not producing enough carbohydrate to cover its own running costsi.e., it needs to besubsidized by other branches because, for example, it is being shaded and receives little lightit語態(tài)-表動(dòng)作will usually be got rid of.In this situat